PR(1)PR(1)NAMEpr - print files
SYNOPSIS
/usr/bin/pr [+ page] [-column] [-adFmrt] [-e [char] [gap]]
[-h header] [-i [char] [gap]] [-l lines]
[-n [char] [width]] [-o offset] [-s [char]]
[-w width] [-fp] [file]...
/usr/xpg4/bin/pr [+ page] [-column | -c column] [-adFmrt]
[-e [char] [gap]] [-h header] [-i [char] [gap]]
[-l lines] [-n [char] [width]] [-o offset]
[-s [char]] [-w width] [-fp] [file]...
DESCRIPTION
The pr utility is a printing and pagination filter. If multiple input
files are specified, each is read, formatted, and written to standard
output. By default, the input is separated into 66-line pages, each
with:
o a 5-line header that includes the page number, date, time
and the path name of the file
o a 5-line trailer consisting of blank lines
If standard output is associated with a terminal, diagnostic messages
will be deferred until the pr utility has completed processing.
When options specifying multi-column output are specified, output text
columns will be of equal width; input lines that do not fit into a text
column will be truncated. By default, text columns are separated with
at least one blank character.
OPTIONS
The following options are supported. In the following option descrip‐
tions, column, lines, offset, page, and width are positive decimal
integers; gap is a non-negative decimal integer. Some of the option-
arguments are optional, and some of the option-arguments cannot be
specified as separate arguments from the preceding option letter. In
particular, the -s option does not allow the option letter to be sepa‐
rated from its argument, and the options -e, -i, and -n require that
both arguments, if present, not be separated from the option letter.
The following options are supported for both /usr/bin/pr and
/usr/xpg4/bin/pr:
+page
Begins output at page number page of the
formatted input.
-column
Produces multi-column output that is
arranged in column columns (default is 1)
and is written down each column in the
order in which the text is received from
the input file. This option should not be
used with -m. The -e and -i options will
be assumed for multiple text-column out‐
put. Whether or not text columns are pro‐
duced with identical vertical lengths is
unspecified, but a text column will never
exceed the length of the page (see the -l
option). When used with -t, use the mini‐
mum number of lines to write the output.
-a
Modifies the effect of the -column option
so that the columns are filled across the
page in a round-robin order (for example,
when column is 2, the first input line
heads column 1, the second heads column 2,
the third is the second line in column 1,
and so forth).
-d
Produces output that is double-spaced;
append an extra NEWLINE character follow‐
ing every NEWLINE character found in the
input.
-e[char][gap]
Expands each input TAB character to the
next greater column position specified by
the formula n *gap+1, where n is an inte‐
ger >0. If gap is 0 or is omitted, it
defaults to 8. All TAB characters in the
input will be expanded into the appropri‐
ate number of SPACE characters. If any
non-digit character, char, is specified,
it will be used as the input tab charac‐
ter.
-f
Uses a FORMFEED character for new pages,
instead of the default behavior that uses
a sequence of NEWLINE characters. Pauses
before beginning the first page if the
standard output is associated with a ter‐
minal.
-h header
Uses the string header to replace the con‐
tents of the file operand in the page
header.
-l lines
Overrides the 66-line default and reset
the page length to lines. If lines is not
greater than the sum of both the header
and trailer depths (in lines), pr will
suppress both the header and trailer, as
if the -t option were in effect.
-m
Merges files. Standard output will be for‐
matted so pr writes one line from each
file specified by file, side by side into
text columns of equal fixed widths, in
terms of the number of column positions.
Implementations support merging of at
least nine files.
-n[char][width]
Provides width-digit line numbering
(default for width is 5). The number will
occupy the first width column positions of
each text column of default output or each
line of -m output. If char (any non-digit
character) is given, it will be appended
to the line number to separate it from
whatever follows (default for char is a
TAB character).
-o offset
Each line of output will be preceded by
offset <space>s. If the -o option is not
specified, the default offset is 0. The
space taken will be in addition to the
output line width (see -w option below).
-p
Pauses before beginning each page if the
standard output is directed to a terminal
(pr will write an ALERT character to stan‐
dard error and wait for a carriage-return
character to be read on /dev/tty).
-r
Writes no diagnostic reports on failure to
open files.
-s [char]
Separates text columns by the single char‐
acter char instead of by the appropriate
number of SPACE characters (default for
char is the TAB character).
-t
Writes neither the five-line identifying
header nor the five-line trailer usually
supplied for each page. Quits writing
after the last line of each file without
spacing to the end of the page.
-w width
Sets the width of the line to width column
positions for multiple text-column output
only. If the -w option is not specified
and the -s option is not specified, the
default width is 72. If the -w option is
not specified and the -s option is speci‐
fied, the default width is 512.
For single column output, input lines will
not be truncated.
/usr/bin/pr
The following options are supported for /usr/bin/pr only:
-F
Folds the lines of the input file. When used
in multi-column mode (with the -a or -m
options), lines will be folded to fit the
current column's width. Otherwise, they will
be folded to fit the current line width (80
columns).
-i[char][gap]
In output, replaces SPACE characters with
TAB characters wherever one or more adjacent
SPACE characters reach column positions
gap+1, 2*gap+1, 3*gap+1, and so forth. If
gap is 0 or is omitted, default TAB settings
at every eighth column position are assumed.
If any non-digit character, char, is speci‐
fied, it will be used as the output TAB
character.
/usr/xpg4/bin/pr
The following options are supported for /usr/xpg4/bin/pr only:
-F
Uses a FORMFEED character for new pages,
instead of the default behavior that uses a
sequence of NEWLINE characters.
-i[char][gap]
In output, replaces multiple SPACE charac‐
ters with TAB characters wherever two or
more adjacent SPACE characters reach column
positions gap+1, 2*gap+1, 3*gap+1, and so
forth. If gap is 0 or is omitted, default
TAB settings at every eighth column position
are assumed. If any non-digit character,
char, is specified, it will be used as the
output TAB character.
OPERANDS
The following operand is supported:
file
A path name of a file to be written. If no file operands are
specified, or if a file operand is −, the standard input will
be used.
EXAMPLES
Example 1 Printing a numbered list of all files in the current direc‐
tory
example% ls -a | pr-n -h "Files in $(pwd)."
Example 2 Printing files in columns
This example prints file1 and file2 as a double-spaced, three-column
listing headed by file list:
example% pr-3d -h "file list" file1 file2
Example 3 Writing files with expanded column tabs
The following example writes file1 on file2, expanding tabs to columns
10, 19, 28, ...
example% pr-e9 -t <file1 >file2
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
See environ(5) for descriptions of the following environment variables
that affect the execution of pr: LANG, LC_ALL, LC_CTYPE, LC_MESSAGES,
LC_TIME, TZ, and NLSPATH.
EXIT STATUS
The following exit values are returned:
0
Successful completion.
>0
An error occurred.
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:
/usr/bin/pr
┌───────────────┬─────────────────┐
│ATTRIBUTE TYPE │ ATTRIBUTE VALUE │
├───────────────┼─────────────────┤
│CSI │ Enabled │
└───────────────┴─────────────────┘
/usr/xpg4/bin/pr
┌────────────────────┬───────────────────┐
│ ATTRIBUTE TYPE │ ATTRIBUTE VALUE │
├────────────────────┼───────────────────┤
│CSI │ Enabled │
├────────────────────┼───────────────────┤
│Interface Stability │ Committed │
├────────────────────┼───────────────────┤
│Standard │ See standards(5). │
└────────────────────┴───────────────────┘
SEE ALSOexpand(1), lp(1), attributes(5), environ(5), standards(5)
Mar 18, 1997 PR(1)
