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man(1)									man(1)

NAME
       man - Displays reference pages

SYNOPSIS
       man [-] [-M  | -P search_path] [-l] {[section[suffix]] title...}...

       man [-M	| -P search_path] -f title...

       man [-M	| -P search_path] -k keyword...

STANDARDS
       Interfaces  documented on this reference page conform to industry stan‐
       dards as follows:

       man: POSIX.2, XCU5.0

       Refer to the standards(5) reference page	 for  more  information	 about
       industry standards and associated tags.

OPTIONS
       [Tru64  UNIX]  Does  not	 pipe  output  through more for display [Tru64
       UNIX]  Describes the specified command, call, function, or file name if
       the  whatis keyword database exists.  Performs the same function as the
       whatis command.	You can specify more than one title.   Locates	refer‐
       ence  pages  whose  NAME	 section contains the specified keyword if the
       whatis database exists.	Performs the same function as the apropos com‐
       mand.  You  can specify more than one keyword.  [Tru64 UNIX]  Specifies
       that the reference page resides in a section directory  subordinate  to
       the   /usr/local/man   area   rather   than   one  subordinate  to  the
       /usr/share/man or /usr/dt/share/man area.  [Tru64  UNIX]	 Specifies  an
       alternative  search path. The search_path argument contains one or more
       pathnames for directories that contain section directories (directories
       named  man1,  man2,  man3,  and so forth) where reference pages reside.
       Use a colon (:) to separate multiple pathnames.	By  default,  the  man
       command	searches for section directories in /usr/share/locale_name/man
       (if it exists), /usr/share/man, /usr/dt/share/man,  and	/usr/local/man
       (if it exists) in that order.  The /usr/share/locale_name/man directory
       is created when reference page translations for a particular locale are
       installed.  The	man command determines locale_name from the setting of
       the  LC_MESSAGES	 environment  variable.	  [Tru64  UNIX]	 Specifies  an
       alternative search path.	 (Performs the same function as -M search_path
       and is provided for compatibility with other systems.)

OPERANDS
       [Tru64 UNIX]  Specifies the optional section and suffix identifiers for
       the reference page.

	      [Tru64  UNIX]  The  section  parameter is either a number (0-9),
	      the number/letter combination 1m, or one of the letters C, L, F,
	      n, l, p, or o. The numbers 1 to 8 and the number/letter combina‐
	      tion 1m  are  most  appropriate  to  use	with  reference	 pages
	      installed	 for  the  Tru64  UNIX	product. (The number 9 is also
	      appropriate if reference pages are  available  for  the  device-
	      driver programming kit, which is separately installed.) You usu‐
	      ally specify section to identify a reference page that  has  the
	      same title as another reference page in a different section.

	      [Tru64  UNIX]  The  suffix  parameter is a string of one or more
	      characters, starting with a letter. You usually  specify	suffix
	      in addition to section to identify a reference page that has the
	      same title as another reference page in the same section.	 Spec‐
	      ifies the name of the reference page.

DESCRIPTION
       The man command provides online access to the system's reference pages.
       For example, if reference pages are available on your system, the  fol‐
       lowing  command	displays  the first screenful of reference information
       for the ls command: % man ls

       You can press the space bar to see the next screen or press other  keys
       to control or search the display. For more information, see the subsec‐
       tion entitled Controlling the Pager Used by the man Command.

       The industry standards listed in the STANDARDS section specify the  man
       command's exit values and require the command to support the -k option,
       one or more title parameters, and certain environment  variables.  Much
       of  the	command's  behavior is implementation defined, as indicated by
       the [Tru64 UNIX] tag that precedes most of the information on this ref‐
       erence page.

       [Tru64 UNIX]  Most reference pages reside in section directories subor‐
       dinate to /usr/share/man. Your system manager can optionally create the
       /usr/local/man  area  as	 a location for site-specific reference pages.
       In addition, the area for reference pages provided for the Common Desk‐
       top  Environment (CDE) is /usr/dt/share/man. When all three areas exist
       on a system, the default behavior of the man command is to  search  for
       reference pages first in /usr/share/man, then in /usr/dt/share/man, and
       finally in /usr/local/man.

       [Tru64 UNIX]  Within a given reference page  area,  multiple  reference
       pages  can  have	 the  same  title. Duplicate titles can be encountered
       across section directories, within section directories, or  both.  When
       two reference pages have the same title within a section directory, one
       or both reference pages include a suffix in the section identifier.

       [Tru64 UNIX]  If you specify only title in the man command, it displays
       the  first  title encountered in the section order 1, 8, 6, 2, 3, 4, 5,
       7, C, L, F, n, l, p, o, 1m, 9.  If there is more than one title in  the
       same  section,  the  reference page without a section suffix has prece‐
       dence over reference pages that have section suffixes.  When  duplicate
       titles  are  encountered	 with the same section and different suffixes,
       suffixes are ordered alphabetically.  In this case, the reference  page
       whose  suffix occurs earliest in alphabetical order has precedence. The
       section and suffix operands are available to  specify  which  reference
       page  you  want	to see when more than one instance of titles is avail‐
       able.

       [Tru64 UNIX]  If you specify section, the man  command  looks  for  the
       specified  titles  only	in the directories for the specified sections.
       For all number sections and all but one of the letter  section  identi‐
       fiers,  the command must find the title in a directory that corresponds
       to the specified section. For example, when you enter the command man 3
       printf,	the  command  looks for the printf title only in a man3 direc‐
       tory. The exception to this rule is that if you specify the section  as
       the number 1 or letter C, the man command searches sections C, n, l, p,
       o, and 1 in that order.

       [Tru64 UNIX]  A section identifier corresponds to a particular category
       of  information and, with the exception of C, to only one corresponding
       directory.  In the following list, an asterisk (*) follows the  section
       description  when it applies to reference pages installed for the Tru64
       UNIX product: Not used.	Reference pages for commands  that  all	 users
       can  enter (*).	Reference pages for commands related to system mainte‐
       nance and operation (*, for Common Desktop Environment  only).	Refer‐
       ence  pages  for	 system	 calls, or program interfaces to the operating
       system kernel (*).  Reference pages for	program	 interfaces  found  in
       various libraries (*).  Reference pages for include files, program out‐
       put files, and some system files (*).  Reference pages on miscellaneous
       topics,	such  as  text-processing macro packages (*).  Reference pages
       for games.  Reference pages for device special  files,  related	driver
       functions,  and	networking  support (*).  Reference pages for commands
       related to system maintenance and operation (*).	 Reference pages  used
       for  writing  device drivers.  Reference pages for commands.  Reference
       pages for files.	 Reference pages for libraries.	 Reference pages  with
       local (site-specific) information.  New reference pages.	 Old reference
       pages.  Public reference pages.

					    Note

	      Almost all implementations of a UNIX operating system use refer‐
	      ence  page  sections  4, 5, and 7 to describe different types of
	      files.  However, the type of  file  described  in	 each  section
	      varies  from  one	 implementation	 to  another.  For example, on
	      ULTRIX and some other UNIX implementations, Section 4  describes
	      device  special  files  rather  than  include  files,  Section 5
	      describes include files rather than macro packages, and  Section
	      7 describes macro packages rather than device special files.

       [Tru64 UNIX]  You need to specify section only if either of the follow‐
       ing conditions is true: The reference page is in section 0.  There  are
       two  reference  pages with the same name (title) in different sections,
       and the reference page you want to see is not the one that the man com‐
       mand displays by default.

       [Tru64 UNIX]  If you specify suffix along with section, the man command
       looks only for the reference page that has both the  specified  section
       and  the	 specified  suffix.  You need to specify suffix in addition to
       section only when both of the following conditions are true:  There  is
       more  than  one	reference page with the same title in the same section
       The reference page you want to see is not the one that the man  command
       displays by default.

	      For  example,  if	 both  abort(3)	 and abort(3f) exist in a man3
	      directory, the command man 3 abort displays  abort(3).  In  this
	      case,  you  would need to enter the command man 3f abort to dis‐
	      play abort(3f).

       [Tru64 UNIX]  In the man command's default search path  are  two	 loca‐
       tions  intended	for site-specific reference pages: A section directory
       named manl (l for local) in the /usr/share/man area Section directories
       subordinate to the /usr/local/man area

       [Tru64  UNIX]  One,  both,  or  neither of these locations may exist on
       your system.  They are created by the system administrator.

       [Tru64 UNIX]  If you include the -l option  in  the  man	 command,  you
       specify	reference pages in the /usr/local/man area. If you include the
       l section identifier, you specify reference pages  in  a	 manl  section
       directory.  For example, the command man -l 5 print specifies print(5),
       whose file resides  in  /usr/local/man/man5.  The  command  man l print
       specifies print(1), whose file resides in /usr/share/man/manl.

       [Tru64  UNIX]  The  man	command's  section  and title arguments can be
       paired so that a series of titles can be searched for in a section,  or
       multiple sections can be searched for one or more titles.

   Changing the man Command's Search Path
       [Tru64  UNIX]  By  default,  the man command checks for reference pages
       first in the /usr/share/man area, then in the  /usr/dt/share/man	 area,
       and finally in the /usr/local/man area. You can change this behavior by
       supplying a search path with the -M or -P option	 or  by	 defining  the
       MANPATH	variable.  You	can define the MANPATH variable on the command
       line or in a file, such as your file or file  (if  you  want  the  path
       change  to  always  apply to your process). The search path is a colon-
       separated list of directories in which man expects to find the  section
       subdirectories.			      The			string
       /usr/share/%L/man:/usr/dt/share/man:/usr/local/man    represents	   the
       default search path.  The default path includes %L, which is one of the
       following locale directives that can be included in pathnames: The cur‐
       rent  locale  name  (for	 example,  zh_CN.dechanzi@radical) that is the
       value of the LC_MESSAGES environment variable The  same	as  %L	except
       that  the @ suffix is removed if the locale name has such a suffix (for
       example, zh_CN.dechanzi)

	      A few locales have one or more  variants	to  support  different
	      collating	 orders	 and these variants include an @ suffix. Users
	      may assign a locale variant name to the LANG or LC_ALL  variable
	      rather  than  specifically  to  the LC_COLLATE variable. In this
	      case, the LC_MESSAGES variable would inherit its value from  the
	      LANG  or	LC_ALL	variable.  The %P ensures that the man command
	      does not expect to find a reference page	directory  whose  name
	      includes	the @ suffix.  The language element of the locale name
	      currently assigned to the LC_MESSAGES variable (for example, zh)
	      The  territory  element of the locale name currently assigned to
	      the LC_MESSAGES variable (for example, CN) The  codeset  element
	      of  the  locale name currently assigned to the LC_MESSAGES vari‐
	      able (for example, dechanzi) A single percent sign (%) character

       [Tru64 UNIX]  The following search path example changes	the  order  in
       which  reference	 page  areas  are  searched.  It also adds support for
       installations of reference page translations within the CDE  and	 site-
       specific		areas:	       %	setenv	      MANPATH	     \
       /usr/local/%L/man:/usr/dt/share/%L/man:/usr/share/%L/man

       [Tru64 UNIX]  The following search  path	 example  adds	the  directory
       /usr/share/doclib/annex/man:	  %	  setenv       MANPATH	     \
       /usr/share/%L/man:/usr/dt/share/%L/man:/usr/share/doclib/annex/man

       [Tru64 UNIX]  The following search path example is a more elaborate one
       and  is	likely	to  cater  to  everyone's  needs:  %  setenv MANPATH \
       /usr/share/doclib/annex/man:/usr/share/%L/man:/usr/share/man:	     \
       /usr/dt/share/%L/man:/usr/dt/share/man:/usr/share/man:/usr/local/man

       [Tru64  UNIX]  The  /usr/share/doclib/annex/man area is the location of
       supplementary reference pages for certain  components,  such  as	 perl,
       which  have  been  obtained from the public domain or the Free Software
       Foundation.  Files installed under /usr/share/doclib/annex/man are  not
       checked	for  technical	accuracy  and coding by us, nor are they main‐
       tained by us. These files are included for the convenience of customers
       without	Internet  access.  (In	all cases, the same files can be down‐
       loaded over the Internet from the contributing third-party site without
       charge.)

       [Tru64  UNIX]  The /usr/share/doclib/annex/man directory is not part of
       the default search path for the man and catman commands because of  the
       higher probability of processing problems, particularly for catman when
       producing the whatis database. However, it is easy to adjust MANPATH on
       a  user-specific	 basis so that the installed reference pages are auto‐
       matically found by the man command.

					Note

       [Tru64 UNIX]  Some users indirectly use the webman  script,  also  con‐
       trolled	by  the MANPATH setting, to dynamically convert reference page
       source files to HTML format for viewing in a web browser.  These	 users
       should  be  aware that the webman script may not convert to HTML all of
       the man coding constructs that can be found  in	third-party  reference
       pages.

   Enabling Codeset Conversion of Translated Reference Pages
       [Tru64  UNIX]  The man command can automatically invoke the iconv util‐
       ity to perform codeset conversion of reference page files.  This	 capa‐
       bility  allows  you  to	install	 one set of reference pages to support
       locales that have the same language and territory but  different	 code‐
       sets, thereby reducing file redundancy on the system. To enable codeset
       conversion, the following  conditions  must  be	met:  The  LC_MESSAGES
       locale  category	 of the process running the man command must be set to
       the locale name to which the reference pages will  be  converted.   The
       underlying iconv utility must have a converter available for the source
       and destination codesets. Refer to the iconv(1) reference page for more
       information  about  codeset  converters.	 An appropriate locale mapping
       file must exist in the /usr/share directory.

	      A locale mapping file is a hidden file whose name has the format
	      locale_name  is a complete locale name that includes the name of
	      the destination codeset.	The content of the locale mapping file
	      is  the locale with the source codeset for which translated man‐
	      pages are available.

       [Tru64 UNIX]  For example, after installing Tru64 UNIX subsets of soft‐
       ware  and translated reference pages for Japanese, the eucJP_SJIS code‐
       set converter is installed  in  the  /usr/lib/nls/loc/iconv  directory,
       manpages	  for	the   ja_JP.eucJP   locale   are   installed   in  the
       /usr/share/ja_JP.eucJP/man directory, and the file, which contains  the
       ja_JP.eucJP  locale  name,  is  moved to the /usr/share directory. When
       users set locale to ja_JP.SJIS and run the man command, it accesses the
       reference  pages	 in  the /usr/share/ja_JP.eucJP/man directory and con‐
       verts them to the SJIS codeset for display.

   Controlling the Pager Used by the man Command
       [Tru64 UNIX]  By default, you can use the following keys to control and
       navigate	 the reference page display: Advances the display by one line.
       Advances the display by one screen.  Backs up the display by  one  half
       screen.	 Searches  for	the  first  instance  of the specified string.
       Searches for the next instance of the string specified by  a  preceding
       /string directive.  Stops the display.

       [Tru64  UNIX]  Refer  to the more(1) reference page for a complete dis‐
       cussion of pager subcommands.

       [Tru64 UNIX]  By default, if the standard output is a teletype and  the
       -  (single  minus  sign) option is not provided, man uses the more -svf
       command to display formatted output. The -vf  options  are  present  in
       case the lp nroff device driver generates special device control codes.

       The  following conditions also affect how the man command displays out‐
       put: If the MORE environment variable is defined, the man command  uses
       the  defined  command  line  in	place  of  more -svf. If the -v and -f
       options are missing, reference pages  may  not  display	properly.   If
       another	pager  is  defined for the PAGER environment variable, the man
       command uses that pager in place of the more command.

   Formatted Reference Pages
       [Tru64 UNIX]  A reference page area may or may not contain cat?	direc‐
       tories  with  formatted	reference pages. Your system administrator can
       create these directories and preformat reference page source  files  by
       using  the  catman  command (see catman(8)).  The man command checks to
       see if a preformatted version of a reference page  exists  and,	if  it
       does and has a more recent date than the corresponding source file, the
       command simply displays the preformatted file using the more command or
       the defined pager.

       [Tru64  UNIX]  If  the specified reference page exists only as a source
       file, the man command processes the file through	 a  pipeline  of  com‐
       mands.	This  pipeline	includes:  [Tru64  UNIX]  If  the file is com‐
       pressed, the gunzip command to uncompress the  file  [Tru64  UNIX]  The
       tbl  and neqn commands to preprocess source markup for tables and equa‐
       tions [Tru64 UNIX]  The nroff command to create	formatted  output  The
       more  command  or  an alternative pager command (if defined) to display
       the file

	      [Tru64 UNIX]  This last step does not occur if you specify the -
	      option  on  the  man command line or if standard output is not a
	      teletype device (for example, if you pipe man command output  to
	      another command or redirect it to a file).

       [Tru64 UNIX]  When processing the reference page through nroff, the man
       command specifies the -m option with the	 name  of  the	macro  package
       described  in  man(5). Most Tru64 UNIX reference pages require not only
       this macro package but also those described in rsml(5). The  additional
       macro  packages	are applied using entries in the reference page source
       files and not through the nroff command line invoked by	the  man  com‐
       mand.

       [Tru64  UNIX]  The nroff command invoked by man also includes the -Tde‐
       vice option. The value for device differs, depending  on	 whether  cat?
       directories  are	 present  when	the source file is formatted. When the
       appropriate cat?	 directory is present and does not contain a formatted
       version of the reference page, the man command formats source by creat‐
       ing output for the nroff lp device.  It also saves the formatted output
       in  the cat?  directory. If the cat?  directory is absent, the man com‐
       mand formats a reference page by creating  output  for  the  nroff  lpr
       device and does not save the formatted output.

       [Tru64  UNIX]  If  a preformatted version of the reference page exists,
       but the source version is more recent than the  preformatted  one,  the
       man command does not use the preformatted file. The command formats the
       source file and replaces the preformatted file with a new version.

       [Tru64 UNIX]  When a specified reference page is not  formatted	or  is
       being  formatted	 again, the man command displays an appropriate status
       message, unless the standard output is not a teletype device. For exam‐
       ple,  the status message is not displayed when output from the man com‐
       mand is redirected to a file or piped to another command.

   Reference Pages in Compressed Format
       [Tru64 UNIX]  The man command supports reference page files  in	either
       compressed or uncompressed format.  Compressed files can save a signif‐
       icant amount of disk space in the file system where reference page sub‐
       sets  are installed.  The reference page files for the operating system
       product are installed as files, which are compressed files  created  by
       the gzip command.

       [Tru64  UNIX]  To  display a compressed reference page, the man command
       temporarily uncompresses the file by invoking the gunzip	 utility  with
       the  -c	option before invoking other commands to format (if necessary)
       and display the reference page.

       [Tru64 UNIX]  There are a number of requirements and restrictions  that
       apply  to  reference  pages in compressed format. For more information,
       refer to both the Reference Page Pointers section in  this  DESCRIPTION
       and the RESTRICTIONS section.

   Reference Page Pointers
       [Tru64  UNIX]  Reference	 page  directories can contain cross-reference
       (pointer) reference pages.  Pointers, which  invoke  another  reference
       page, support those reference page files that contain multiple names in
       the NAME section. The pointers allow users to invoke a  reference  page
       by  specifying  any of the names in the NAME section, not only the name
       of the reference page itself.

       [Tru64 UNIX]  The man command supports  different  kinds	 of  pointers,
       depending  on  whether  reference  page	files are compressed or uncom‐
       pressed, source files, or preformatted files.

       [Tru64 UNIX]  When reference page files are compressed  (either	source
       files in man?  directories or preformatted files in cat?	 directories),
       their associated pointers must be implemented as hard  links.  Further‐
       more,  each pointer file name must end with the same compression exten‐
       sion as the file that the pointer invokes. For example, if a  reference
       page  was  compressed by the gzip command, both the reference page file
       name and those of its pointers, must end in

       [Tru64 UNIX]  When uncompressed reference pages reside in cat?	direc‐
       tories,	pointers are symbolic links to the files that the command dis‐
       plays.  When uncompressed reference pages reside in man?	  directories,
       pointers	 are  one-line files.  The one line is an nroff include direc‐
       tive that has one of the following formats:

       [Tru64 UNIX]  In this case, the man command will	 reformat  the	title2
       reference  page,	 if  necessary,	 and  save  the	 output	 in  the  file
       title2.section in the appropriate cat?  directory,  assuming  the  cat?
       directory exists.

RESTRICTIONS
       This  section  contains	restrictions that apply to the man command and
       the files that it processes.

   Pathnames in Uncompressed Pointer Files Must Start With man?
       [Tru64 UNIX]  The man  command  changes	directory  to  /usr/share/man,
       /usr/dt/share/man,  /usr/local/man,  or	to those directories specified
       with the MANPATH variable, the -M option, or -P option.	Some reference
       pages assume this change of directory.  Therefore, an attempt to format
       uncompressed reference pages can fail if any directives specifying par‐
       tial  pathnames do not start with man?/. For example, a cross-reference
       file that includes the cat(1) reference page must specify man1  in  the
       pathname:

       .so man1/cat.1

   Pointers Must Reside in Same Area as Related Files
       [Tru64  UNIX]  The  man	command	 does  not support cross-references to
       files outside the current reference page area.  For example, a  pointer
       that resides in the /usr/local/man area cannot include or invoke a file
       that resides in the /usr/share/man area.

   Compressed Pointers Cannot Be Copied Across File Systems
       [Tru64 UNIX]  A pointer associated with a compressed reference page  is
       a  hard	link,  which  is not a file but an alternative entry in a file
       system table for a particular file. Hard links  cannot  be  transferred
       from  one file system to another by using commands, such as cp, rcp, or
       mv. These commands cannot determine which entries in a file system  ta‐
       ble  point  to  the  same file, and so copy the file that is pointed to
       into the destination area each time a hard link is encountered.	Refer‐
       ence  pages  can have many associated pointers. Therefore, an operation
       that moves directories of compressed reference pages from one file sys‐
       tem  to	another	 consumes  far more disk space in the destination area
       than was required in the source area.

   The cat? Directories May Not Exist
       [Tru64 UNIX]  The .../man/cat?  directories are not required. It is the
       option of the system administrator to create these directories and pre‐
       format reference page source files using the catman command. If you are
       creating	 reference  pages to be installed on multiple systems, be sure
       to supply the files in source file format so they  can  reside  in  the
       man?  directories.

   Most Commands Cannot Work Directly on Compressed Files
       [Tru64  UNIX]  Most  reference  page  files are installed in compressed
       format, which means that they cannot be processed directly by most com‐
       mands.  However,	 you  can use the gunzip -c (or gzip -u -c) command to
       uncompress the files and direct the result to standard output for addi‐
       tional processing.

       [Tru64  UNIX]  The following examples search the man8 directory to find
       reference pages that contain the string “install”.

       For POSIX (including Korn) and Bourne shells: $ cd  /usr/share/man/man8
       $  for  i  in *.gz; do > gunzip -c $i | grep 'install' >&- && echo "***
       $i" > gunzip -c $i | grep 'install' > done

       For C shell: % cd /usr/share/man/man8 % foreach i (*.gz) > gunzip -c $i
       |  grep	'install'  >/dev/null  &&  echo "*** $i" > gunzip -c $i | grep
       'install' > end

   The whatis Database Is Required for Some Commands
       [Tru64 UNIX]  The man -f (whatis) and man -k  (apropos)	commands  fail
       unless a whatis keyword database exists in one or more of the reference
       page areas in the man command search path. A default whatis database is
       included	 in  the Tru64 UNIX product and can be optionally installed by
       your  system  administrator.   This   database	is   copied   to   the
       /usr/share/man  directory  and  includes entries for all the Tru64 UNIX
       reference page subsets that are installed on the system.

       [Tru64 UNIX]  The whatis database is  not  updated  automatically  when
       reference  pages for layered products and other kinds of optional soft‐
       ware  are  installed.   Therefore,  your	 system	 administrator	should
       rebuild	the  whatis database after installation of reference pages for
       optional products by invoking catman with the -w option.

   Changing Setting for lp Device Affects Preformatted Reference Pages
       [Tru64 UNIX]  When cat?	 directories  are  present,  source  reference
       pages  are  formatted for the nroff lp device rather than the nroff lpr
       device. The nroff lp device driver supplied with Tru64 UNIX is  set  to
       generate	 output for our devices as specified in term(4).  If your sys‐
       tem administrator changes the supplied setting for the nroff lp device,
       all  preformatted  reference page files created by man or catman should
       be deleted and reformatted for the new setting.

   Preformatted Reference Pages May Not Be Suitable for Printing
       [Tru64 UNIX]  Preformatted reference pages may not be in a format suit‐
       able for printing on your hardcopy printers because of embedded control
       characters that the printers do not recognize. To  format  a  reference
       page  for  a specific printer, move to the reference page directory and
       issue commands such as the following: % cd /usr/share/man %  gunzip  -c
       man1/ls.1.gz |tbl |neqn |nroff -Tdevice -man | \ lpr -Pmyprinter

       [Tru64 UNIX]  Replace the device argument with /usr/share/lib/term/tab‐
       device, where device is the name of a device listed in term(4). Specify
       lpr  for	 device	 when producing output suitable for a lineprinter. For
       example: % cd /usr/share/man % gunzip -c man1/ls.1.gz |tbl |neqn |nroff
       -Tlpr -man | \ lpr -Pmyprinter

       [Tru64  UNIX]  When  cat?   directories	are  absent,  the  man command
       invokes nroff by specifying the lpr device. In this case, you can  usu‐
       ally pipe man command output directly to a printer or redirect the out‐
       put to a file that you can print.  For  example:	 %  man	 1  ls	|  lpr
       -Pmyprinter % man 1 ls > ~harry/ls.1.txt

       [Tru64  UNIX]  If the reference page has tables and the hardcopy device
       is not capable of reverse line movements, the reference	page  may  not
       print properly.	There is no workaround for this problem.

   Non-HP Terminals May Not Display Preformatted Files Correctly
       [Tru64 UNIX]  Preformatted reference pages may not be in a format suit‐
       able for display on non-HP terminals.  To format a reference page for a
       specific	 terminal, move to the reference page directory and issue com‐
       mands  such  as	the  following:	 %  cd	/usr/share/man	%  gunzip   -c
       man1/ls.1.gz |tbl |neqn |nroff -Tdevice -man -h | more -svf

       [Tru64 UNIX]  Replace the device argument with /usr/share/lib/term/tab‐
       device, where device is the name of a device listed in term(4)  and  is
       one appropriate for your terminal.

   Nondefault Tab Settings Can Corrupt man Command Displays
       [Tru64  UNIX]  You  can	view reference pages only on devices for which
       default tab boundaries are in effect.

       [Tru64 UNIX]  To format reference page source files, the man and catman
       commands	 invoke	 nroff with the -h option. This option causes nroff to
       substitute a a tab character for each string of one or more spaces that
       ends  on	 a  default tab boundary. This operation reduces the number of
       characters sent to devices for printing or display and also reduces the
       size of files saved in the cat?	directories.

       [Tru64  UNIX]  Default tab boundaries are set after every eight charac‐
       ter positions. If nondefault tab boundaries have been set on the device
       or  system  on  which reference pages are displayed, the tab characters
       embedded by nroff corrupt reference page	 displays  with	 inappropriate
       sequences  of spaces. If you encounter this problem after using the man
       command, enter the command tabs (to restore default tab	boundaries  on
       your display device) and then enter the man command again.

EXIT STATUS
       The man command returns the following exit values: Success.  Failure.

EXAMPLES
       Display	the  printf(1) reference page: % man printf [Tru64 UNIX]  Dis‐
       play the printf(3) reference page: % man 3 printf [Tru64 UNIX]  Display
       the  mgr_helper(8)  reference  page  that you created in a man8 section
       directory  under	 $HOME/mgr:  %	man  -M	 $HOME/mgr  mgr_helper	[Tru64
       UNIX]  Display  reference pages with the title locale in sections 1 and
       4: % man 1 locale 4 locale Query	 the  whatis  database	for  reference
       pages whose NAME sections include the string “core”: % man -k core

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
       The following environment variables affect the behavior of the man com‐
       mand: Provides a default value for other locale	variables  when	 these
       are  unset or null.  If set to a non-empty string, overrides the values
       of all other locale variables, including LANG.  Determines  the	locale
       for  the	 interpretation	 of byte sequences as characters in text data.
       Determines the locale used for text written to standard error or	 stan‐
       dard  output.   Determines the root directory for message catalogs con‐
       taining informational, diagnostic, and other messages returned  by  the
       command.	 The NLSPATH value, in combination with the setting of LC_MES‐
       SAGES, specifies the directory in which a locale-specific message cata‐
       log  is found.  Determines the command (pager) that man invokes to fil‐
       ter output when writing output to a terminal.

	      A default pager must exist and  is  implementation  defined.  On
	      Tru64  UNIX  systems,  the default pager used by man is the more
	      command.

FILES
       [Tru64 UNIX]  Standard location for reference page section  directories
       [Tru64  UNIX]  Section  directories  containing	nroff source files for
       reference pages [Tru64 UNIX]  Section directories containing  formatted
       files  for reference pages [Tru64 UNIX]	Standard location for CDE ref‐
       erence page section directories [Tru64 UNIX]  Section directories  con‐
       taining	nroff  source files for CDE reference pages [Tru64 UNIX]  Sec‐
       tion directories containing formatted files  for	 CDE  reference	 pages
       [Tru64  UNIX]  Location	of  section  directories for site-specific, or
       local, reference pages  [Tru64  UNIX]  Section  directories  containing
       nroff  source  files  for  local	 reference pages [Tru64 UNIX]  Section
       directories containing formatted files for local reference pages [Tru64
       UNIX]  The default whatis keyword database maintained by using catman

SEE ALSO
       Commands:  apropos(1),  gzip(1), iconv(1), locale(1), more(1), neqn(1),
       nroff(1), pcat(1), tbl(1), whatis(1), catman(8)

       Files: man(5), rsml(5)

									man(1)
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