URT(1) 1 (June 17, 1990) URT(1)
NAME
urt - overview of the Utah Raster Toolkit
SYNOPSIS
applymap Apply color map to image data.
avg4 Simple 2x2 downsizing filter.
crop Crop image.
cubitorle Convert Cubicomp format to RLE.
dvirle Typeset TeX ".dvi" files as RLE images.
fant Image scale/rotate with anti-aliasing.
get4d Display on SGI Iris/4D display.
get_orion Display on "Orion" display.
getap Display on Apollo.
getbob Display under HP window system.
getcx3d Display RLE on Chromatics CX3D.
getfb Display using BRL generic fb library.
getgmr Display on Grinnell GMR-27 frame buffer.
getiris Display on SGI 2400/3000 w/o window manager.
getmac Display on Mac under MPW.
getmex Display on SGI under the window manager.
getqcr Display on Matrix QCR camera.
getren Display on HP SRX.
getsun Display using SunTools.
getx10 Display on X10 display.
getx11 Display using X11.
giftorle Convert GIF files to RLE.
graytorle Convert separate rrr ggg bbb files to RLE.
mcut Median cut color quantization.
mergechan Merge colors from multiple images.
painttorle Convert MacPaint to RLE.
pgmtorle Convert PBMPLUS pgm format to RLE.
ppmtorle Convert PBMPLUS ppm format to RLE.
pyrmask Generate "pyramid" filter mask.
rastorle Convert Sun Raster to RLE.
rawtorle Convert various raw formats to RLE.
read98721 Read the screen of an HP 98721 "Renaissance" to
an RLE file.
repos Reposition an image.
rlatorle Convert Wavefront RLA format to RLE.
rleClock Draws a clock face.
rleaddcom Add comments to an RLE file.
rleaddeof Add an EOF code to an RLE file.
rlebg Generate a "background".
rlebox Find bounding box of an image.
rlecomp Image composition.
rledither Floyd-Steinberg dither an image to a given
colormap.
rleflip Flip an image or rotate it 90.
rlehdr Print info about an RLE file.
rlehisto Make a histogram of an image.
rleldmap Load a new colormap into a file.
rlemandl Make a Mandelbrot image.
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rlenoise Add noise to an image.
rlepatch Patch smaller images on a big one.
rleprint Print all pixel values in image.
rlequant Variance based color quantization.
rlescale Generate a "gray scale".
rleselect Select images from an RLE file.
rlesetbg Set the background color of an image file.
rleskel Skeleton tool. Programming example.
rlespiff Simple contrast enhancement.
rlesplice Splice two images horizontally or vertically.
rlesplit Split concatenated images into files.
rlestereo Combine two images into a "red-green" stereo
pair.
rleswap Swap or select color channels.
rletoabA60 Convert RLE to Abekas A60 format.
rletoabA62 Convert to Abekas A62 format.
rletoascii Make a line-printer/CRT version of an RLE image.
rletogif Convert RLE images to GIF format.
rletogray Convert RLE to separate rrr ggg bbb files.
rletopaint Convert RLE to MacPaint.
rletoppm Convert RLE to PBMPLUS ppm format.
rletops Convert RLE to (B&W) PostScript.
rletorast Convert RLE to Sun Raster.
rletoraw Convert RLE to rgbrgb raw format.
rletorla Convert RLE to Wavefront RLA format.
rletotiff Convert RLE to TIFF 24 bit format.
rlezoom Scale image by sub- or super-sampling.
smush Generic filtering.
targatorle Convert TARGA to RLE.
tifftorle Convert TIFF 24 bit images to RLE.
to8 24 to 8 bit ordered dither color conversion.
tobw Color->B&W conversion.
unexp Convert "exp" format to normal colors.
unslice Paste together "slices" into a full image.
wasatchrle Convert Wasatch paint system to RLE.
DESCRIPTION
The Utah Raster Toolkit is a collection of programs and C
routines for dealing with raster images commonly encountered
in computer graphics. A device and system independent image
format stores images and information about them. Called the
RLE(5) format, it uses run length encoding to reduce storage
space for most images.
The programs (tools) currently included in the toolkit are
listed above, together with a short description of each one.
Most of the tools read one or more input RLE files and
produce an output RLE file. Some generate RLE files from
other information, and some read RLE files and produce
output of a different form.
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An input file is almost always specified by mentioning its
name on the command line. Some commands, usually those
which take an indefinite number of non-file arguments (e.g.,
rleaddcom) require a -i flag to introduce the input file
name. If the input file name is absent the tool will
usually read from the standard input. An input file name of
"-" also signals that the input should be taken from the
standard input.
On Unix systems, there are two other specially treated file
name forms. A file name starting with the character '|'
will be passed to sh(1) to run as a command. The output
from the command will be read by the tool. A file whose
name ends in ".Z" (and which does not begin with a '|') will
be decompressed by the compress(1) program. Both of these
options supply input to the tool through a pipe.
Consequently, certain programs (those that must read their
input twice) cannot take advantage of these features. This
is noted in the manual pages for the affected commands.
An output file is almost always specified using the option
-o outfile. If the option is missing, or if outfile is "-",
then the output will be written to the standard output.
On Unix systems, the special file name forms above may also
be used for output files. File names starting with '|' are
taken as a command to which the tool output will be sent.
If the file name ends in ".Z", then compress will be used to
produce a compressed output file.
Several images may be concatenated together into a single
file, and most of the tools will properly process all the
images. Those that will not are noted in their respective
man pages.
Picture comments. Images stored in RLE form may have
attached comments. There are some comments that are
interpreted, created or manipulated by certain of the tools.
In the list below, a word enclosed in <> is a place-holder
for a value. The <> do not appear in the actual comment.
image_gamma=<float number>
Images are sometimes computed with a particular
``gamma'' value -- that is, the pixel values in the
image are related to the actual intensity by a power
law, pixel_value=intensity^image_gamma. Some of the
display programs, and the buildmap(3) function will
look for this comment and automatically build a
"compensation table" to transform the pixel values back
to true intensity values.
display_gamma=<float number>
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The display_gamma is just 1/image_gamma. That is, it
is the ``gamma'' of the display for which the image was
computed. If an image_gamma comment is not present,
but a display_gamma is, the displayed image will be
gamma corrected as above. The to8 program produces a
display_gamma comment.
colormap_length=<integer>
The length of the colormap stored in the RLE header
must be a power of two. However, the number of useful
entries in the colormap may be smaller than this. This
comment can be used to tell some of the display
programs (getx11, in particular) how many of the
colormap entries are used. The assumption is that
entries 0 - colormap_length-1 are used. This comment
is produced by mcut, rlequant, and rledither.
image_title=<string>
This comment is used by getx11 to set the window title.
If present, the comment is used instead of the file
name. (No other programs currently pay attention to
this comment.) The comments IMAGE_TITLE, title, and
TITLE are also recognized, in that order. No programs
produce this comment.
HISTORY=<string>
All toolkit programs (with the exception of rleaddcom)
create or add to a HISTORY comment. Each tool appends
a line to this comment that contains its command line
arguments and the time it was run. Thus, the image
contains a history of all the things that were done to
it. No programs interpret this comment.
exponential_data
This comment should be present in a file stored in
``exponential'' form. See unexp(1) and float_to_exp(3)
for more information. The unexp program expects to see
this comment.
SEE ALSO
compress(1), sh(1), RLE(5).
AUTHOR
Many people contributed to the Utah Raster Toolkit. This
manual page was written by Spencer W. Thomas, University of
Michigan.
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