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pfmt(3C)		 Standard C Library Functions		      pfmt(3C)

NAME
       pfmt - display error message in standard format

SYNOPSIS
       #include <pfmt.h>

       int pfmt(FILE *stream, long flags, char *format, ... /* arg */);

DESCRIPTION
       The  pfmt()  retrieves  a  format string from a locale-specific message
       database (unless MM_NOGET is specified)	and  uses  it  for  printf(3C)
       style formatting of args. The output is displayed on stream.

       The  pfmt() function encapsulates the output in the standard error mes‐
       sage format (unless MM_NOSTD is specified, in which case the output  is
       similar to printf()).

       If  the	printf() format string is to be retrieved from a message data‐
       base, the format argument must have the following structure:

       <catalog>:<msgnum>:<defmsg>.

       If MM_NOGET is specified, only the defmsg field must be specified.

       The catalog field is used to indicate the message  database  that  con‐
       tains  the  localized  version of the format string. This field must be
       limited to 14 characters selected from the set of all  characters  val‐
       ues,  excluding	\0  (null)  and	 the  ASCII  codes for / (slash) and :
       (colon).

       The msgnum field is a positive number that indicates the index  of  the
       string into the message database.

       If the catalog does not exist in the locale (specified by the last call
       to setlocale(3C) using the LC_ALL or LC_MESSAGES categories), or if the
       message	number	is  out	 of bound, pfmt() will attempt to retrieve the
       message from the C locale. If this second retrieval fails, pfmt()  uses
       the defmsg field of the format argument.

       If  catalog is omitted, pfmt() will attempt to retrieve the string from
       the default catalog specified by the last call to setcat(3C).  In  this
       case, the format argument has the following structure:

       :<msgnum>:<defmsg>.

       The  pfmt() will output Message not found!!\n as format string if cata‐
       log is not a valid catalog name, if no  catalog	is  specified  (either
       explicitely  or	with setcat()), if msgnum is not a valid number, or if
       no message could be retrieved from the message databases and defmsg was
       omitted.

       The  flags  argument  determine the type of output (such as whether the
       format should be interpreted as is or encapsulated in the standard mes‐
       sage  format),  and the access to message catalogs to retrieve a local‐
       ized version of format.

       The flags argument is composed of several groups, and can take the fol‐
       lowing values (one from each group):

       Output format control

       MM_NOSTD	   Do not use the standard message format, interpret format as
		   printf() format. Only catalog access control	 flags	should
		   be  specified  if MM_NOSTD is used; all other flags will be
		   ignored.

       MM_STD	   Output using the standard message format (default value 0).

       Catalog access control

       MM_NOGET	   Do not retrieve a localized	version	 of  format.  In  this
		   case, only the defmsg field of the format is specified.

       MM_GET	   Retrieve  a	localized  version of format from the catalog,
		   using msgid as the index and defmsg as the default  message
		   (default value 0).

       Severity (standard message format only)

       MM_HALT	     Generate a localized version of HALT, but do not halt the
		     machine.

       MM_ERROR	     Generate a localized version of ERROR (default value 0).

       MM_WARNING    Generate a localized version of WARNING.

       MM_INFO	     Generate a localized version of INFO.

       Additional severities can be defined. Add-on severities can be  defined
       with  number-string  pairs  with numeric values from the range [5-255],
       using addsev(3C). The specified severity will  be  generated  from  the
       bitwise OR operation of the numeric value and other flags If the sever‐
       ity is not defined, pfmt() uses the string SEV=N, where N  is  replaced
       by the integer severity value passed in flags.

       Multiple	 severities  passed in flags will not be detected as an error.
       Any combination of severities will be summed and the numeric value will
       cause  the  display  of	either	a  severity string (if defined) or the
       string SEV=N (if undefined).

       Action

       MM_ACTION    Specify an action message. Any severity  value  is	super‐
		    seded and replaced by a localized version of TO FIX.

STANDARD ERROR MESSAGE FORMAT
       The pfmt() function displays error messages in the following format:

	 label: severity: text

       If  no label was defined by a call to setlabel(3C), the message is dis‐
       played in the format:

	 severity: text

       If pfmt() is called twice to display an error  message  and  a  helpful
       action or recovery message, the output can look like:

	 label: severity: textlabel: TO FIX: text

RETURN VALUES
       Upon  success,  pfmt()  returns	the  number of bytes transmitted. Upon
       failure, it returns a negative value:

       −1	Write error to stream.

EXAMPLES
       Example 1 Example of pfmt() function.

       Example 1:

	 setlabel("UX:test");
	 pfmt(stderr, MM_ERROR, "test:2:Cannot open file: %s\n",
	      strerror(errno));

	 displays the message:

	 UX:test: ERROR: Cannot open file: No such file or directory

       Example 2:

	 setlabel("UX:test");
	 setcat("test");
	 pfmt(stderr, MM_ERROR, ":10:Syntax error\n");
	 pfmt(stderr, MM_ACTION, "55:Usage ...\n");

       displays the message

	 UX:test: ERROR: Syntax error
	 UX:test: TO FIX: Usage ...

USAGE
       Since it uses gettxt(3C), pfmt() should not be used.

ATTRIBUTES
       See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:

       ┌─────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────┐
       │      ATTRIBUTE TYPE	     │	    ATTRIBUTE VALUE	   │
       ├─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
       │MT-Level		     │MT-safe			   │
       └─────────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────┘

SEE ALSO
       addsev(3C), gettxt(3C), lfmt(3C), printf(3C), setcat(3C), setlabel(3C),
       setlocale(3C), attributes(5), environ(5)

SunOS 5.11			  29 Dec 1996			      pfmt(3C)
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