CONNECT(2) BSD Programmer's Manual CONNECT(2)NAMEconnect - initiate a connection on a socket
SYNOPSIS
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
int
connect(int s, const struct sockaddr *name, socklen_t namelen);
DESCRIPTION
The parameter s is a socket. If it is of type SOCK_DGRAM, this call
specifies the peer with which the socket is to be associated; this ad-
dress is that to which datagrams are to be sent, and the only address
from which datagrams are to be received. If the socket is of type
SOCK_STREAM, this call attempts to make a connection to another socket.
The other socket is specified by name, which is an address in the commu-
nications space of the socket. The namelen parameter specifies the size
of name. Each communications space interprets the name parameter in its
own way.
Generally, a new stream socket must be allocated for each connect()
(whether or not the connect() succeeds) as the socket will be left in an
unspecified state after the connect() or close(). Datagram sockets may
use connect() multiple times to change their association. Datagram sock-
ets may dissolve the association by connecting to an invalid address,
such as a null address.
RETURN VALUES
If the connection or binding succeeds, 0 is returned. Otherwise a -1 is
returned, and a more specific error code is stored in errno.
ERRORS
The connect() call fails if:
[EBADF] S is not a valid descriptor.
[ENOTSOCK] S is a descriptor for a file, not a socket.
[EADDRNOTAVAIL] The specified address is not available on this machine.
[EAFNOSUPPORT] Addresses in the specified address family cannot be
used with this socket.
[EISCONN] The socket is already connected.
[ETIMEDOUT] Connection establishment timed out without establishing
a connection.
[ECONNREFUSED] The attempt to connect was forcefully rejected.
[ENETUNREACH] The network isn't reachable from this host.
[EADDRINUSE] The address is already in use.
[EFAULT] The name parameter specifies an area outside the pro-
cess address space.
[EINPROGRESS] The socket is non-blocking and the connection cannot be
completed immediately. It is possible to select(2) for
completion by selecting the socket for writing.
[EALREADY] The socket is non-blocking and a previous connection
attempt has not yet been completed.
[EINVAL] The socket was not correctly initialized.
The following errors are specific to connecting names in the LOCAL do-
main. These errors may not apply in future versions of the LOCAL IPC do-
main.
[ENOTDIR] A component of the path prefix is not a directory.
[EINVAL] The pathname contains a character with the high-order
bit set.
[ENAMETOOLONG] A component of a pathname exceeded 255 characters, or
an entire path name exceeded 1023 characters.
[ENOENT] The named socket does not exist.
[EACCES] Search permission is denied for a component of the path
prefix.
[EACCES] Write access to the named socket is denied.
[ELOOP] Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating
the pathname.
SEE ALSOaccept(2), select(2), socket(2), getsockname(2)HISTORY
The connect function call appeared in 4.2BSD.
4.2 Berkeley Distribution June 4, 1993 2
