XML::Mini::Document(3)User Contributed Perl DocumentatioXML::Mini::Document(3)NAMEXML::Mini::Document - Perl implementation of the XML::Mini Document
API.
SYNOPSIS
use XML::Mini::Document;
use Data::Dumper;
###### PARSING XML #######
# create a new object
my $xmlDoc = XML::Mini::Document->new();
# init the doc from an XML string
$xmlDoc->parse($XMLString);
# You may use the toHash() method to automatically
# convert the XML into a hash reference
my $xmlHash = $xmlDoc->toHash();
print Dumper($xmlHash);
# You can also manipulate the elements like directly, like this:
# Fetch the ROOT element for the document
# (an instance of XML::Mini::Element)
my $xmlRoot = $xmlDoc->getRoot();
# play with the element and its children
# ...
my $topLevelChildren = $xmlRoot->getAllChildren();
foreach my $childElement (@{$topLevelChildren})
{
# ...
}
###### CREATING XML #######
# Create a new document from scratch
my $newDoc = XML::Mini::Document->new();
# This can be done easily by using a hash:
my $h = {
'spy' => {
'id' => '007',
'type' => 'SuperSpy',
'name' => 'James Bond',
'email' => 'mi5@london.uk',
'address' => 'Wherever he is needed most',
},
};
$newDoc->fromHash($h);
# Or new XML can also be created by manipulating
#elements directly:
my $newDocRoot = $newDoc->getRoot();
# create the <? xml ?> header
my $xmlHeader = $newDocRoot->header('xml');
# add the version
$xmlHeader->attribute('version', '1.0');
my $person = $newDocRoot->createChild('person');
my $name = $person->createChild('name');
$name->createChild('first')->text('John');
$name->createChild('last')->text('Doe');
my $eyes = $person->createChild('eyes');
$eyes->attribute('color', 'blue');
$eyes->attribute('number', 2);
# output the document
print $newDoc->toString();
This example would output :
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<person>
<name>
<first>
John
</first>
<last>
Doe
</last>
</name>
<eyes color="blue" number="2" />
</person>
DESCRIPTION
The XML::Mini::Document class is the programmer's handle to XML::Mini
functionality.
A XML::Mini::Document instance is created in every program that uses
XML::Mini. With the XML::Mini::Document object, you can access the
root XML::Mini::Element, find/fetch/create elements and read in or
output XML strings.
new [XMLSTRING]
Creates a new instance of XML::Mini::Document, optionally calling
fromString with the passed XMLSTRING
getRoot
Returns a reference the this document's root element (an instance of
XML::Mini::Element)
setRoot NEWROOT
setRoot NEWROOT Set the document root to the NEWROOT XML::Mini::Element
object.
isElement ELEMENT
Returns a true value if ELEMENT is an instance of XML::Mini::Element,
false otherwise.
isNode NODE
Returns a true value if NODE is an instance of XML::MiniNode, false
otherwise.
createElement NAME [VALUE]
Creates a new XML::Mini::Element with name NAME.
This element is an orphan (has no assigned parent) and will be lost
unless it is appended (XML::Mini::Element::appendChild()) to an element
at some point.
If the optional VALUE (string or numeric) parameter is passed, the new
element's text/numeric content will be set using VALUE. Returns a
reference to the newly created element.
getElement NAME [POSITON]
Searches the document for an element with name NAME.
Returns a reference to the first XML::Mini::Element with name NAME, if
found, NULL otherwise.
NOTE: The search is performed like this, returning the first element
that matches:
- Check the Root Element's immediate children (in order) for a match.
- Ask each immediate child (in order) to XML::Mini::Element::getElement()
(each child will then proceed similarly, checking all it's immediate
children in order and then asking them to getElement())
If a numeric POSITION parameter is passed, getElement() will return
only the POSITIONth element of name NAME (starting at 1). Thus, on
document
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<people>
<person>
bob
</person>
<person>
jane
</person>
<person>
ralph
</person>
</people>
$people->getElement('person') will return the element containing the
text node 'bob', while $people->getElement('person', 3) will return the
element containing the text 'ralph'.
getElementByPath PATH [POSITIONARRAY]
Attempts to return a reference to the (first) element at PATH where
PATH is the path in the structure from the root element to the
requested element.
For example, in the document represented by:
<partRateRequest>
<vendor>
<accessid user="myusername" password="mypassword" />
</vendor>
<partList>
<partNum>
DA42
</partNum>
<partNum>
D99983FFF
</partNum>
<partNum>
ss-839uent
</partNum>
</partList>
</partRateRequest>
$accessid = $xmlDocument->getElementByPath('partRateRequest/vendor/accessid');
Will return what you expect (the accessid element with attributes user
= "myusername" and password = "mypassword").
BUT be careful:
my $accessid = $xmlDocument->getElementByPath('partRateRequest/partList/partNum');
will return the partNum element with the value "DA42". To access other
partNum elements you must either use the POSITIONSARRAY or the
getAllChildren() method on the partRateRequest element.
POSITIONSARRAY functions like the POSITION parameter to getElement(),
but instead of specifying the position of a single element, you must
indicate the position of all elements in the path. Therefore, to get
the third part number element, you would use
my $thirdPart = $xmlDocument->getElementByPath('partRateRequest/partList/partNum', 1, 1, 3);
The additional 1,1,3 parameters indicate that you wish to retrieve the
1st partRateRequest element in the document, the 1st partList child of
partRateRequest and the 3rd partNum child of the partList element (in
this instance, the partNum element that contains 'ss-839uent').
Returns the XML::Mini::Element reference if found, NULL otherwise.
parse SOURCE
Initialise the XML::Mini::Document (and its root XML::Mini::Element)
using the XML from file SOURCE.
SOURCE may be a string containing your XML document.
In addition to parsing strings, possible SOURCEs are:
# a file location string
$miniXMLDoc->parse('/path/to/file.xml');
# an open file handle
open(INFILE, '/path/to/file.xml');
$miniXMLDoc->parse(*INFILE);
# an open FileHandle object
my $fhObj = FileHandle->new();
$fhObj->open('/path/to/file.xml');
$miniXML->parse($fhObj);
In all cases where SOURCE is a file or file handle, XML::Mini takes
care of slurping the contents and closing the handle.
fromHash HASHREF [OPTIONS]
Parses a "hash representation" of your XML structure. For each key =>
value pair within the hash ref, XML::Mini will create an element of
name 'key' :
- with the text contents set to 'value' if 'value' is a string
- for each element of 'value' if value is an ARRAY REFERENCE
- with suitable children for each subkey => subvalue if 'value' is a HASH REFERENCE.
For instance, if fromHash() is passed a simple hash ref like:
my $h = {
'spy' => {
'id' => '007',
'type' => 'SuperSpy',
'name' => 'James Bond',
'email' => 'mi5@london.uk',
'address' => 'Wherever he is needed most',
},
};
then :
$xmlDoc->fromHash($h);
print $xmlDoc->toString();
will output
<spy>
<email> mi5@london.uk </email>
<name> James Bond </name>
<address> Wherever he is needed most </address>
<type> SuperSpy </type>
<id> 007 </id>
</spy>
The optional OPTIONS parameter may be used to specify which keys to use
as attributes (instead of creating subelements). For example, calling
my $options = {
'attributes' => {
'spy' => 'id',
'email' => 'type',
'friend' => ['name', 'age'],
}
};
my $h = {
'spy' => {
'id' => '007',
'type' => 'SuperSpy',
'name' => 'James Bond',
'email' => {
'type' => 'private',
'-content' => 'mi5@london.uk',
},
'address' => {
'type' => 'residential',
'-content' => 'Wherever he is needed most',
},
'friend' => [
{
'name' => 'claudia',
'age' => 25,
'type' => 'close',
},
{
'name' => 'monneypenny',
'age' => '40something',
'type' => 'tease',
},
{
'name' => 'Q',
'age' => '10E4',
'type' => 'pain',
}
],
},
};
$xmlDoc->fromHash($h, $options);
print $xmlDoc->toString();
will output something like:
<spy id="007">
<name> James Bond </name>
<email type="private"> mi5@london.uk </email>
<address>
<type> residential </type>
Wherever he is needed most
</address>
<type> SuperSpy </type>
<friend age="25" name="claudia">
<type> close </type>
</friend>
<friend age="40something" name="monneypenny">
<type> tease </type>
</friend>
<friend age="10E4" name="Q">
<type> pain </type>
</friend>
</spy>
As demonstrated above, you can use the optional href to specify tags
for which attributes (instead of elements) should be created and you
may nest hash and array refs to create complex structures.
NOTE: Whenever a hash references is used you lose the sequence in which
the elements are placed - only the array references (which create a
list of identically named elements) can preserve their order.
See ALSO: the documentation for the related toHash() method.
Still TODO: Create some better docs for this! For the moment you can
take a peek within the test suite of the source distribution.
fromString XMLSTRING
Initialise the XML::Mini::Document (and it's root XML::Mini::Element)
using the XML string XMLSTRING.
Returns the number of immediate children the root XML::Mini::Element
now has.
fromFile FILENAME
Initialise the XML::Mini::Document (and it's root XML::Mini::Element)
using the XML from file FILNAME.
Returns the number of immediate children the root XML::Mini::Element
now has.
toString [DEPTH]
Converts this XML::Mini::Document object to a string and returns it.
The optional DEPTH may be passed to set the space offset for the first
element.
If the optional DEPTH is set to $XML::Mini::NoWhiteSpaces no \n or
whitespaces will be inserted in the xml string (ie it will all be on a
single line with no spaces between the tags.
Returns a string of XML representing the document.
toFile FILENAME [SAFE]
Stringify and save the XML document to file FILENAME
If SAFE flag is passed and is a true value, toFile will do some extra
checking, refusing to open the file if the filename matches m|/\.\./|
or m|#;`\*| or if FILENAME points to a softlink. In addition, if SAFE
is 'NOOVERWRITE', toFile will fail if the FILENAME already exists.
toHash
Transform the XML structure internally represented within the object
(created manually or parsed from a file or string) into a HASH
reference and returns the href.
For instance, if this XML is parse()d:
<people>
<person id="007">
<email> mi5@london.uk </email>
<name> James Bond </name>
<address> Wherever he is needed most </address>
<type> SuperSpy </type>
</person>
<person id="006" number="6">
<comment> I am not a man, I am a free number </comment>
<name> Number 6 </name>
<email type="private"> prisoner@aol.com </email>
<address> 6 Prison Island Road, Prison Island, Somewhere </address>
</person>
</people>
The hash reference returned will look like this (as output by
Data::Dumper):
'people' => {
'person' => [
{
'email' => 'mi5@london.uk',
'name' => 'James Bond',
'type' => 'SuperSpy',
'address' => 'Wherever he is needed most',
'id' => '007'
},
{
'email' => {
'type' => 'private',
'-content' => 'prisoner@aol.com'
},
'comment' => 'I am not a man, I am a free number',
'number' => '6',
'name' => 'Number 6',
'address' => '6 Prison Island Road, Prison Island, Somewhere',
'id' => '006'
}
]
}
getValue
Utility function, call the root XML::Mini::Element's getValue()
dump
Debugging aid, dump returns a nicely formatted dump of the current
structure of the XML::Mini::Document object.
CAVEATS
It is impossible to parse "cross-nested" tags using regular expressions
(i.e. sequences of the form <a><b><a>...</a></b></a>). However, if you
have the Text::Balanced module installed (it is installed by default
with Perl 5.8), such sequences will be handled flawlessly.
Even if you do not have the Text::Balanced module available, it is
still possible to generate this type of XML - the problem only appears
when parsing.
AUTHOR
Copyright (C) 2002-2008 Patrick Deegan, Psychogenic Inc.
Programs that use this code are bound to the terms and conditions of
the GNU GPL (see the LICENSE file). If you wish to include these
modules in non-GPL code, you need prior written authorisation from the
authors.
This library is released under the terms of the GNU GPL version 3,
making it available only for free programs ("free" here being used in
the sense of the GPL, see http://www.gnu.org for more details). Anyone
wishing to use this library within a proprietary or otherwise non-GPLed
program MUST contact psychogenic.com to acquire a distinct license for
their application. This approach encourages the use of free software
while allowing for proprietary solutions that support further
development.
LICENSE
XML::Mini::Document module, part of the XML::Mini XML parser/generator package.
Copyright (C) 2002-2008 Patrick Deegan
All rights reserved
XML::Mini is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
XML::Mini is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with XML::Mini. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
SEE ALSO
XML::Mini, XML::Mini::Element
http://minixml.psychogenic.com
perl v5.10.0 2008-02-04 XML::Mini::Document(3)
