Netpbm Program Directory
We have the programs divided into these categories:
* Converters
* Editors
* Generators
* Analyzers
Converters
pnmtopnm
convert PNM image to PNM raw or plain
pgmtopgm
convert PGM or PBM image to PGM
ppmtoppm
convert PPM, PGM, or PBM image to PPM
pbmtopgm
convert PBM image to PGM by averaging areas
pgmtopbm
(Obsolete) convert PGM image to PBM by dithering
pgmtoppm
colorize a PGM into a PPM
ppmtopgm
convert PPM image to PGM
ppmtompeg
convert series of PPM frames to an MPEG movie
jpegtopnm
convert JFIF/JPEG/EXIF file to Netpbm format
pnmtojpeg
convert PNM to JPEG/JFIF/EXIF format
pamtojpeg2k
convert PNM/PAM to JPEG‐2000 code stream
jpeg2ktopam
convert JPEG‐2000 code stream to PAM/PNM
anytopnm
convert any graphics format to Netpbm format
bmptopnm
convert Windows or OS/2 Bitmap file to PPM or PGM
ppmtobmp
convert PPM to Windows or OS/2 Bitmap file
winicontoppm
convert Windows icon file to PPM
ppmtowinicon
convert PPM to Windows icon file
giftopnm
convert GIF to PNM
ppmtogif
convert PPM to GIF
pnmtopng
convert Netpbm format to Portable Network Graphics
pngtopnm
convert PNG (Portable Network Graphics) to Netpbm for‐
mats
pamrgbatopng
convert PAM color/transparency image to PNG
palmtopnm
convert Palm pixmap to Netpbm formats
pnmtopalm
convert Netpbm formats to Palm pixmap
ddbugtopbm
convert Palm DiddleBug image to PBM
jbigtopnm
convert JBIG BIE (compressed bitmap) to PNM
pamtopnm
convert a PAM image to PBM, PGM, or PPM
pnmtojbig
convert PNM to JBIG BIE (compressed bitmap)
pnmtofiasco
convert Netpbm image to Fiasco (wfa) highly compressed
format
fiascotopnm
convert Fiasco (wfa) highly compressed format to Netpbm
image
pamtosvg
convert Netpbm image to Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG);
trace image
pamtopfm
convert PAM/PNM to HDRshop PFM (Portable Float Map)
pfmtopam
convert HDRshop PFM (Portable Float Map) to PAM
pbmtomrf
convert PBM image to MRF (compressed bitmap)
mrftopbm
convert MRF (compressed bitmap) to PBM
hpcdtoppm
convert photo CD to PPM
pcdovtoppm
Convert a photo CD PCD overview file to PPM
pbmtonokia
convert PBM to Nokia Smart Messaging Format (SMF)
pbmtowbmp
convert PBM to WAP (Wireless App Protocol) Wireless
Bitmap
wbmptopbm
convert WAP (Wireless App Protocol) Wireless Bitmap to
PBM
pamtohtmltbl
convert PNM/PAM to an HTML table with a colored cell
for each pixel
pbmtomda
convert from PBM to Microdesign (for Amstrad PCWs)
mdatopbm
convert from Microdesign (for Amstrad PCWs) to PBM
atktopbm
convert Andrew Toolkit raster object to PBM
pbmtoatk
convert PBM to Andrew Toolkit raster object
brushtopbm
convert Xerox doodle brushes to PBM
cmuwmtopbm
convert CMU window manager format to PBM
g3topbm
convert Group 3 FAX to PBM
pbmtog3
convert PBM to Group 3 FAX
icontopbm
convert Sun icon to PBM
pbmtoicon
convert PBM to Sun icon
gemtopnm
convert GEM .img format to PBM or pixmap
macptopbm
convert MacPaint to PBM
pbmtomacp
convert PBM to MacPaint
mgrtopbm
convert MGR format to PBM
pbmtomgr
convert PBM to MGR format
infotopam
convert Amiga .info icons to PAM
neotoppm
convert Atari Neochrome (.neo) image to PPM
ppmtoneo
convert PPM image to Atari Neochrome (.neo)
pi1toppm
convert Atari Degas .pi1 to PPM
ppmtopi1
convert PPM to Atari Degas .pi1
pc1toppm
convert Atari Degas .pc1 (compressed pi1) to PPM
pi3topbm
convert Atari Degas .pi3 to PBM
pbmtopi3
convert PBM to Atari Degas .pi3
xbmtopbm
convert X10 or X11 bitmap to PBM
pbmtoxbm
convert PBM to X11 bitmap
pbmtox10bm
convert PBM to X10 bitmap
ybmtopbm
convert Bennet Yee "face" file into PBM
pbmtoybm
convert PBM into Bennet Yee "face" file
pbmtoepson
convert PBM to Epson 9‐pin printer graphics
pbmtoescp2
convert PBM to Epson ESC/P2 printer graphics
escp2topbm
convert Epson ESC/P2 printer graphics to PBM
pbmto10x
convert PBM to Gemini 10x printer graphics
pnmtopclxl
convert PNM to HP PCL‐XL (PCL 6) printer language
ppmtopjxl
convert from PPM to HP Paintjet XL PCL printer stream
pbmtolj
convert PBM to HP LaserJet black and white graphics
ppmtolj
convert PPM to HP LaserJet color graphics (PCL 5)
pjtoppm
convert HP PaintJet file to PPM
ppmtopj
convert PPM to HP PaintJet file
thinkjettopbm
convert HP Thinkjet printer stream to PBM
pbmtoppa
convert PBM to HP PPA (Printer Performance Architec‐
ture) printer
stream
ppmtomitsu
convert from PPM to Mitsubishi S340‐10 printer stream
pbmtoibm23xx
convert from PBM to IBM 23XX printer stream
ppmtoterm
Display PPM image on ANSI standard text terminal
pbmto4425
Display PBM image on AT&T 4425 ASCII terminal with gfx
chars
pbmtoascii
convert PBM to ASCII graphic form
asciitopgm
convert ASCII character graphics to PGM
pbmtobbnbg
convert PBM to BBN BitGraph graphics
pbmtocmuwm
convert PBM to CMU window manager format
pbmtogem
convert PBM into GEM .img file
pbmtogo
convert PBM to GraphOn graphics
pbmtoplot
convert PBM into Unix plot file
pbmtoptx
convert PBM to Printronix graphics
pbmtozinc
convert PBM to Zinc Interface Library icon
fitstopnm
convert FITS format to PNM
pamtofits
convert Netpbm formats to FITS format
fstopgm
convert Usenix FaceSaver(tm) format to PGM
pgmtofs
convert PGM to Usenix FaceSaver(tm) format
hipstopgm
convert HIPS format to PGM
lispmtopgm
convert a Lisp Machine bitmap file into PGM format
pgmtolispm
convert PGM into Lisp Machine format
pnmtops
convert Netpbm formats to Postscript
pstopnm
convert Postscript to Netpbm formats
psidtopgm
convert PostScript "image" data to PGM
pbmtolps
convert PBM image to Postscript using lines
pbmtoepsi
convert a PBM image to encapsulated Postscript preview
bitmap
pbmtopsg3
convert PBM images to Postscript using G3 fax compres‐
sion.
rawtopgm
convert raw grayscale bytes to PGM
gouldtoppm
convert Gould scanner file to PPM
ilbmtoppm
convert IFF ILBM to PPM
ppmtoilbm
convert PPM to IFF ILBM
imgtoppm
convert Img‐whatnot to PPM
mtvtoppm
convert MTV ray‐tracer output to PPM
pcxtoppm
convert PC Paintbrush format to PPM
picttoppm
convert Macintosh PICT to PPM
ppmtopict
convert PPM to Macintosh PICT
qrttoppm
convert QRT ray‐tracer output to PPM
rawtoppm
convert raw RGB bytes to PPM
sldtoppm
convert an AutoCAD slide file into a PPM
spctoppm
convert Atari compressed Spectrum to PPM
sputoppm
convert Atari uncompressed Spectrum to PPM
tgatoppm
convert TrueVision Targa file to PPM
pamtotga
convert PAM to TrueVision Targa file
ximtoppm
convert Xim to PPM
xpmtoppm
convert XPM format to PPM
ppmtoxpm
convert PPM to XPM format
yuvtoppm
convert Abekas YUV format to PPM
eyuvtoppm
convert Encoder/Berkeley YUV format to PPM
ppmtoeyuv
convert PPM to Encoder/Berkeley YUV format
ppmtoyuv
convert PPM to Abekas YUV format
ppmtoyuvsplit
convert PPM to 3 subsampled raw Stanford MPEG YUV files
yuvsplittoppm
merge 3 subsampled raw YUV files to one PPM
ppmtoacad
convert PPM to AutoCAD database or slide
ppmtoicr
convert PPM to NCSA ICR graphics
ppmtopcx
convert PPM to PC Paintbrush format
ppmtopuzz
convert PPM to X11 "puzzle" file
rasttopnm
convert Sun raster file to Netpbm formats
pnmtorast
convert Netpbm formats to Sun raster file
tifftopnm
convert TIFF file to PNM
pamtotiff
convert Netpbm formats to TIFF RGB file
pnmtotiffcmyk
convert Netpbm formats to TIFF CMYK file
xwdtopnm
convert X10 or X11 window dump to Netpbm formats
pnmtoxwd
convert Netpbm formats to X11 window dump
cameratopam
convert raw camera image to PAM
411toppm
convert 411 (Sony Mavica) to PPM
ppmtosixel
convert PPM to DEC sixel format
ppmtouil
convert PPM to Motif UIL icon file
sbigtopgm
convert Santa Barbara Instrument Group CCD file to PGM
vidtoppm
convert Parallax XVideo JPEG to sequence of PPM files
pnmtorle
convert PNM to Utah Raster Toolkit (urt/rle) file
rletopnm
convert Utah Raster Toolkit (urt/rle) file to PNM
pamtodjvurle
convert PNM/PAM to DjVu Color RLE format
pbmtodjvurle
convert PBM to DjVu Bitonal RLE format
rlatopam
convert Alias/Wavefront RLA and RPF to PAM
ppmtoleaf
convert PPM to Interleaf
leaftoppm
convert Interleaf to PPM
bioradtopgm
convert Biorad confocal image to PGM
pbmtoln03
convert PGM image to Dec LN03+ Sixel image
pbmtopk
convert PBM image to packed format (PK) font
pktopbm
convert packed format (PK) font to PBM image
pamtohdiff
convert PAM image to horizontal difference version of
same
hdifftopam
convert horizontal difference PAM back to original im‐
age
pnmtoddif
convert from Netpbm formats to DDIF
pnmtosgi
convert from Netpbm formats to SGI format
sgitopnm
convert from SGI format to Netpbm formats
pnmtosir
convert from Netpbm formats to Solitaire Image Recorder
file (MGI
Type 11 or 17)
sirtopnm
convert from Solitaire Image Recorder file to Netpbm
formats.
spottopgm
convert SPOT satellite image to PGM
pamtovmini
convert from Netpbm formats to Xv "thumbnail" picture
xvminitoppm
convert Xv "thumbnail" picture to PPM
zeisstopnm
convert a Zeiss confocal file to Netpbm format
ppmtoarbtxt.html
convert PPM to just about any text‐based format, using
a grammar fileImage Generators
All of these generate Netpbm format output.
pbmmake
create a blank PBM image of a specified size
pgmmake
create a PGM image of a specified size and shade of
gray
ppmmake
create a PPM image of a specified size and color
pgmramp
generate a grayscale ramp (gradient)
pamgradient
create a four‐corner gradient image
ppmpat
create a pretty PPM image
ppmrainbow
create a spectrum‐like image with colors fading togeth‐
er.
ppmrough
create PPM image of two colors with a ragged border be‐
tween them
pgmnoise
create a PGM image of white noise
pbmtext
render text into a PBM image
pbmtextps
render text into a PBM image using a Postscript inter‐
preter
pbmupc
create a Universal Product Code PBM image
pamstereogram
create a single image stereogram from a height map
ppmwheel
generate a hue‐value color wheel
ppmcie
generate a CIE color map PPM image
pbmpage
create a printer test pattern page in PBM format
pamseq
create a PAM image of all possible tuple values. E.g. a
color map
containing all possible colors of given maxval
pamgauss
create a PAM image of a Gaussian (bell curve; normal
curve) function.
ppm3d
generate a blue/green 3D glasses image from two images
Image Editors
All of these work on the Netpbm formats
ppmlabel
Add text to an image
ppmdraw
Draw text, lines, shapes, etc. on an image
ppmshadow
add a shadow to an image so it looks like it’s floating
pgmdeshadow
deshadow a PGM image
ppmbrighten
brighten or dim an image ‐‐ change saturation and value
ppmflash
brighten an image
ppmdim
dim an image ‐ different way from ppmbrighten
ppmfade
Produce series of images fading from one to another
pbmreduce
reduce a PBM N times, using Floyd‐Steinberg
pnmnorm
normalize contrast
pbmpscale
enlarge a PBM image with edge smoothing
pamscale
scale/resample an image with high precision
pnmscale
scale an image with high precision ‐ obsolete
pnmscalefixed
scale an image quickly with low precision
pamenlarge
enlarge an image N times
pamperspective
Change perspective distortion in an image
ppmdither
ordered dither for color images
pamditherbw
dither a grayscale image to black and white (convert
PGM to PBM)
pamthreshold
threshold a grayscale image to black and white (convert
PGM to PBM)
pnmcolormap
Choose the N best colors to represent an image; create
a colormap
pnmremap
Replace colors in an image with those from a color map
ppmquant
quantize colors in a color image down to fewer colors ‐
obsolete
pnmquant
quantize colors/shades in a color or grayscale image
down to fewer
ppmquantall
quantize colors on many files
ppmrelief
run a Laplacian Relief filter on a PPM
pamfunc
apply simple arithmetic function to samples in an image
pamarith
apply simple arithmetic binary function to samples in
two images
pamsummcol
summarize (sum, average, etc) an image by column
pnmcat
concatenate images
pnmpad
add borders to an image
pamcomp
create composite (overlay) of images
pnmcomp
obsolete version of pamcomp (kept because it may have
fewer bugs)
ppmmix
mix (overlay) two images.
pnmcrop
crop all like‐colored borders off an image
pamcut
select a rectangular region from an image
pnmcut
obsolete version of pamcut (kept because it may have
fewer bugs)
pamdice
slice an image into many horizontally and/or vertically
pamdeinterlace
remove every other row from an image
pammixinterlace
mix adjacent lines to merge interlaced images
pnmstitch
stitch together panoramic (side‐by‐side) photographs
ppmglobe
Turn a cylindrical projection into strips that can be
glued onto a
sphere
pamlookup
map an image to a new image by using it as indices into
a table
pamdepth
change the maxval in an image
pamendian
Swap bytes in multi‐byte samples of a PAM image
pamflip
perform one or more flip operations on an image
pamstretch
scale up an image by inserting interpolated pixels
pamstretch‐gen
scale by non‐integer values using pamstretch and pam‐
scale
pnminvert
invert an image
pnmgamma
perform gamma correction on an image
pnmhisteq
histogram equalize image to increase contrast
pnmmargin
add a margin to an image
pnmpaste
paste a rectangle into an image
pnmrotate
rotate an image
pnmshear
shear an image
pgmabel
create cross‐section of an image using Abel inte‐
gration for
deconvolution
pnmsmooth
smooth an image
pgmmedian
apply a median filter to an image
pamaddnoise
add noise to an image
pnmtile
replicate an image into a specified size
pbmclean
remove lone pixels (snow) from a PBM image
pnmalias
antialias an image
ppmchange
change all of one color to another in PPM image
pnmnlfilt
filter an image by replacing each pixel with a function
of nearby
pixels
ppmshift
shift lines of PPM image left or right a random amount
ppmspread
move pixels of PPM image a random amount
pnmconvol
general MxN convolution on an image. Can blur an image.
pgmmorphconv
perform morphological convolutions on a PGM image: di‐
lation and
erosion.
pgmminkowski
Compute Minkowski integral over a PGM image
pamedge
edge‐detect (outline) an image
pammasksharpen
sharpen an image via an unsharp mask
rgb3toppm
combine three PGMs into one PPM
ppmtorgb3
separate a PPM into three PGMs
pgmenhance
edge‐enhance a PGM image
pbmlife
apply Conway’s rules of Life to a PBM image
ppmdist
map colors to high contrast grayscales arbitrarily
ppmntsc
adjust colors so they are legal for NTSC or PAL televi‐
sionImage Analyzers
These all work on the Netpbm formats as input.
pamfile
describe an image’s vital characteristics
pnmpsnr
measure difference between two images
pamslice
print a row or column of an image in ASCII decimal
pgmtexture
calculate textural features on a PGM image
pgmhist
print a histogram of the values in a PGM image
ppmhist
print a histogram of a PPM
pnmhistmap
draw a histogram of a PGM or PPM
pnmcolormap
create quantization color map for an image
pamsumm
Summarize (sum, average, etc.) all samples in an image
pamsharpness
measure the sharpness of an image
pamsharpmap
create map of sharpness in an image
pamtilt
Measure the tilt of an image, i.e. document skew
Miscellaneous
pamchannel
extract individual planes (channel, e.g. R, G, or B)
from an image
pamstack
stack the planes of multiple PAM images into a single
output image
pampick
pick images out of a multi‐image Netpbm image stream
pamsplit
split a multi‐image Netpbm file into multiple 1‐image
files
pambayer
interpret Bayer patterns
pamx
display a Netpbm image in an X Window System window
ppmsvgalib
display a PPM image on a Linux virtual console using
Svgalib
pbmmask
create a mask bitmap from a regular bitmap
ppmcolormask
create mask of areas of a certain color in an image
pnmindex
build a visual index of a bunch of Netpbm images
pnmmontage
build multiple Netpbm images into a single montage im‐
age
pgmbentley
Bentleyize a PGM image
pgmcrater
create cratered terrain by fractal forgery
pamoil
turn a PNM or PAM image into an oil painting
ppmforge
fractal forgeries of clouds, planets, and starry skies
pgmkernel
generate a convolution kernel
ppmtv
make an image lined so it looks like an old TV
pampop9
simulate a multi‐lens camera such as the Pop9
ppmdmkfont
create Ppmdfont "standard"
ppmddumpfont
dump a Ppmdfont file
ppmdcfont
Turn a Ppmdfont file into C source for a builtin font
Obsolete Names
There used to be programs by the following names. Each has
been either
renamed to a more illustrative name, or superseded by a more
general
function. In most cases, Netpbm is installed with symbolic
links that allow
old programs and procedures to use these names but run the re‐
placement
programs:
* ppmtotga
* pnmnoraw
* gemtopbm
* pnminterp
* pgmoil
* ppmtojpeg
* bmptoppm
* pgmnorm
* ppmnorm
* pnmfile
* pnmarith
* pgmedge
* ppmtoouil
* pnmtoplainpnm
* pnmtofits
* pnmtotiff
* pnmsplit
* pnmdepth
