VMS Help POSIX Threads, PTHREAD routines, pthread_join, Return Values  *Conan The Librarian (sorry for the slow response - running on an old VAX)

    If an error condition occurs, this routine returns an integer
    indicating the type of error. Possible return values are as
    follows:

    Return      Description

    0           Successful completion.
    [EINVAL]    The value specified by thread does not refer to a
                joinable thread.
    [ESRCH]     The value specified by thread does not refer to an
                existing thread ID.
    [EDEADLK]   A deadlock was detected, or thread specifies the
                calling thread.