SET, PROCESS
*Conan The Librarian (sorry for the slow response - running on an old VAX)
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VMS Help SET, PROCESS *Conan The Librarian (sorry for the slow response - running on an old VAX) |
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Changes the execution characteristics associated with the
specified process or kernel thread for the current terminal
session or job. If no process is specified, changes are made
to the current process.
Requires GROUP privilege to change other processes in the same
group. Requires WORLD privilege to change processes outside your
group.
Format
SET PROCESS [process-name]
| 1 - Parameter |
process-name
Requires that you own the process or that you have GROUP
privilege and that the process is in your group.
Specifies the name of the process for which the characteristics
are to be changed. Process names can be up to 23 alphanumeric
characters long in the following format:
[node-name::]process-name
o The node name can have as many as 6 alphanumeric characters.
o The colons (:) count for 2 characters.
o The process name can have as many as 15 characters.
A local process name can look like a remote process name;
therefore, if you specify ATHENS::SMITH, the system checks for
a process named ATHENS::SMITH on the local node before checking
node ATHENS for a process named SMITH.
The default process is the current process.
Process names are unique only within a particular UIC group.
You cannot specify the process name for a process outside of
your group. To change the characteristics of a process outside
of your group, you must use the qualifier /IDENTIFICATION=pid.
The process name parameter is ignored. If you include neither
the process name nor the /IDENTIFICATION qualifier, the current
process is assumed.
| 2 - Qualifiers |
2.1 - /AFFINITY
/AFFINITY (Alpha only)
/NOAFFINITY
Allows bits in the kernel thread affinity mask to be set or
cleared individually, in groups, or all at once. This qualifier
is mutually exclusive with the /CAPABILITY qualifier.
NOTE
The SET PROCESS/[NO]AFFINITY command fails if none of the
specified CPUs has the capabilities required by the process.
The /NOAFFINITY qualifier clears all affinity bits currently set
in the current or permanent affinity masks, based on the setting
of the /PERMANENT qualifier. Specifying the /AFFINITY qualifier
has no direct effect, but merely indicates the target of the
operations specified by the following secondary parameters:
/SET=(n[,..Sets affinity for currently active CPUs defined by the
CPU IDs n, where n has the range of 0 to 31.
/CLEAR=(n[,Clears affinity for currently active CPUs defined by
the position values n, where n has the range of 0 to
31.
/PERMANENT Performs the operation on the permanent affinity
mask as well as the current affinity mask, making the
changes valid for the life of the kernel thread. (The
default behavior is to affect only the affinity mask
for the running image.)
The secondary qualifiers can all be used at once as long as the
affinity bits defined in the /SET and /CLEAR parameters do not
overlap.
The privileges required to execute the SET PROCESS/AFFINITY
command match those required by the $PROCESS_AFFINITY system
service. ALTPRI is the base privilege required to make any
modifications, and the only privilege required to modify the
current owner's kernel thread. Modifications within the same UIC
group require GROUP privilege. Modifications to any unrelated
kernel thread require WORLD privilege.
As with the other SET PROCESS qualifiers, the bit operations
occur on the current process if no /IDENTIFICATION qualifier
or explicit process name parameter is specified. Specifying a
process name does not imply that all kernel threads associated
with the process are affected; the SET PROCESS command affects
only the initial kernel thread of a multithreaded process.
2.2 - /AUTO_UNSHELVE
/AUTO_UNSHELVE
/NOAUTO_UNSHELVE
Controls whether the process automatically unshelves files.
2.3 - /CAPABILITY
/CAPABILITY
/NOCAPABILITY
Allows bits in the process user capability mask to be set or
cleared individually, in groups, or all at once. This qualifier
is mutually exclusive with the /AFFINITY qualifier.
NOTE
The SET PROCESS/[NO]CAPABILITY command fails if there is no
CPU with the required set of capabilities.
The /NOCAPABILITY qualifier clears all user capability bits
currently set in the current or permanent capability masks,
based on the setting of the /PERMANENT qualifier. Specifying the
/CAPABILITY qualifier has no direct effect, but merely indicates
the target of the operations specified by the following secondary
qualifiers:
/SET=(n[,..Sets all user capabilities defined by the position
values n, where n has the range of 1 to 16.
/CLEAR=(n[,Clears all user capabilities defined by the position
values n, where n has the range of 1 to 16.
/PERMANENT Performs the operation on the permanent user capability
mask as well as the current user capability mask,
making the changes valid for the life of the kernel
thread. (The default behavior is to affect only the
capabilities mask for the running image.)
The secondary qualifiers can all be used at once as long as the
user capability bits defined in the /SET and /CLEAR parameters do
not overlap.
The privileges required to execute the SET PROCESS/CAPABILITY
command match those required by the $PROCESS_CAPABILITIES system
service. ALTPRI is the base privilege required to make any
modifications, and the only privilege required to modify the
current owner's kernel thread. Modifications within the same UIC
group require GROUP privilege. Modifications to any unrelated
kernel thread require WORLD privilege.
As with the other SET PROCESS qualifiers, the bit operations
occur on the current process if no /IDENTIFICATION qualifier
or explicit process name parameter is specified. Specifying a
process name does not imply that all kernel threads associated
with the process are affected; the SET PROCESS command affects
only the initial kernel thread of a multithreaded process.
2.4 - /CLEAR
/CLEAR=(n[,...])
Clears all user capabilities or CPU affinities defined by the
position values n specified by the /CAPABILITY or the /AFFINITY
qualifier.
2.5 - /DUMP
/DUMP[=NOW] [/ID=pid] [process-name]
/NODUMP (default)
Causes the contents of the address space to be written to the
file named SYS$LOGIN:(image-name).DMP (where the image name is
the same as the file name) when an image terminates due to an
unhandled error. To specify a target process, indicate either the
process ID or the process name.
Using the NOW option causes the targeted process to dump as soon
as possible. This is especially useful for hung processes.
You can then analyze the dump with the ANALYZE/PROCESS_DUMP
utility, the Debugger, or the System Dump Analyzer (SDA).
2.6 - /GLOBAL
Modifies the global cell SCH$GL_DEFAULT_PROCESS_CAP. This global
cell is used to initialize the user capability mask of processes
when they are started.
2.7 - /IDENTIFICATION
/IDENTIFICATION=pid
Requires GROUP or WORLD privilege for processes other than your
own.
Specifies the process identification (PID) value of the
kernel thread for which characteristics are to be changed. The
/IDENTIFICATION qualifier overrides the process-name parameter.
The PID is assigned by the system when the process is created.
When you specify a PID, you can omit the leading zeros.
If you use the /IDENTIFICATION qualifier, the process-name
parameter is ignored.
NOTE
The /IDENTIFICATION qualifier allows the SET PROCESS command
to affect individual kernel thread PIDs; because each thread
is a separate runnable entity, this command treats them as
discrete entities in terms of affinities and capabilities.
2.8 - /NAME
/NAME=string
Changes the name of the current process to a string of 1 to 15
characters.
2.9 - /PARSE_STYLE
/PARSE_STYLE=(keyword)
Allows a user to indicate how commands are to be parsed.
Setting a particular parse style tells DCL how it should handle
command syntax. User programs can also examine the state of this
setting if they need to use different parse rules.
The valid keywords for this qualifier are TRADITIONAL and
EXTENDED. These keywords are mutually exclusive and cannot be
negated.
If the /PARSE_STYLE qualifier is not specified, the default is
the TRADITIONAL format.
Keyword Explanation
TRADITIONAL Indicates that commands should be examined using the
(default) former (prior to Version 7.2) rules for DCL syntax.
EXTENDED Indicates that commands should be examined using a
(Alpha syntax that allows ODS-5 file specifications.
only)
The main differences for DCL when EXTENDED parse rules are in
effect are:
o Arguments to foreign commands are case preserved. You can get
the command string by calling LIB$GET_FOREIGN. Note that at
this time, C/C++ programs which use the argc/argv mechanism
still have unquoted arguments in lowercase.
o Some characters that were previously treated as token
delimiters are no longer delimiters. The pound sign (#),
circumflex (^), and question mark (?) fall into this category.
o A circumflex (^) is an escape character, which can be used to
indicate that the next character in the command string is to
be treated as if it were quoted, thereby losing its syntactic
significance.
EXTENDED parsing also modifies DCL's rules for file
specifications, that is, any item with a $FILE type in a Command
Definition Language (.CLD) file:
o File specifications will not be in uppercase.
o Any number of commas (,) may be placed between directory
delimiters ([] and <>).
o Directory file ID's (DIDs) can be included in the file
specification.
o Any number of periods (.) or semi-colons (;) may be included
in the file specification.
Refer to the OpenVMS Guide to Extended File Specifications for
more information.
2.10 - /PERMANENT
Performs the operation on the permanent affinity or capability
mask as well as the current mask, making the changes valid for
the life of the kernel thread. (The default behavior is to affect
the current mask only for the running image.) The /PERMANENT
qualifier is only valid in conjunction with the /CAPABILITY or
the /AFFINITY qualifier.
2.11 - /PRIORITY
/PRIORITY=n
Requires ALTPRI (alter priority) privilege to set the priority
higher than the base priority of the specified process.
Changes the priority for the specified kernel thread. If you do
not have the ALTPRI privilege, the value you specify is compared
to your current base priority, and the lower value is always
used.
2.12 - /PRIVILEGES
/PRIVILEGES=(privilege[,...])
Requires SETPRV (set privilege) privilege as an authorized
privilege to enable any privilege you do not have in your
authorized privilege mask.
Enables the following process privileges:
ACNT ALLSPOOL ALTPRI AUDIT
BUGCHK BYPASS CMEXEC CMKRNL
DETACH DIAGNOSE DOWNGRADE EXQUOTA
GROUP GRPNAM GRPPRV IMPORT
LOG_IO MOUNT NETMBX OPER
PFNMAP PHY_IO PRMCEB PRMGBL
PRMMBX PSWAPM READALL SECURITY
SETPRV SHARE SHMEM SYSGBL
SYSLCK SYSNAM SYSPRV TMPMBX
UPGRADE VOLPRO WORLD
Use the SHOW PROCESS/PRIVILEGES command to determine what
authorized privileges are enabled currently.
2.13 - /RAD
/RAD=HOME=n
Changes the home resource affinity domain (RAD) of a process.
This command only works on the current process.
Note that OpenVMS application support for resource affinity
domains (RADs) is supported only on AlphaServer GS160 systems.
2.14 - /RESOURCE_WAIT
/RESOURCE_WAIT
/NORESOURCE_WAIT
Enables resource wait mode so that the process waits for
resources to become available. If you specify the /NORESOURCE_
WAIT qualifier, the process receives an error status code when
system dynamic memory is not available or when the process
exceeds one of the following resource quotas: direct I/O limit,
buffered I/O limit, or buffered I/O byte count (buffer space)
quota.
CAUTION
Disabling resource waiting should be performed with caution,
as doing so can have unexpected effects on constituent
sharable images and runtime libraries. Refer to the $SETRWM
service in the OpenVMS System Services Reference Manual for
additional information.
2.15 - /RESUME
Allows a process suspended by a previous SET PROCESS/SUSPEND
command to resume operation. The /RESUME qualifier is equivalent
to the /NOSUSPEND qualifier.
2.16 - /SCHEDULING_CLASS
/SCHEDULING_CLASS="class_name"
/NOSCHEDULING_CLASS
Adds a process to, or removes a process from, a scheduling class.
This command does not modify the permanent class scheduling
database file. Therefore, the effect of this command can be
viewed as temporary placement into, or removal from, a scheduling
class.
2.17 - /SET
/SET=(n[,...])
Sets all user capabilities or CPU affinities defined by the
position values n specified by the /CAPABILITY or the /AFFINITY
qualifier.
2.18 - /SUSPEND
/SUSPEND[=SUPERVISOR]
/SUSPEND=KERNEL
/NOSUSPEND
Requires privileges as described in text.
Temporarily stops the process's activities. The process remains
suspended until another process resumes or deletes it. Use the
qualifiers /NOSUSPEND and /RESUME to resume a suspended process.
Specify either of the following keywords with the /SUSPEND
qualifier to produce different results:
Keyword Result
SUPERVISOR Specifies that the named process is to be suspended
(default) to allow the delivery of asynchronous system traps
(ASTs) at EXEC or KERNEL mode. Specifying this
keyword is optional.
KERNEL Specifies that the named process is to be suspended
such that no ASTs can be delivered. To specify the
KERNEL keyword, you must be in either KERNEL mode or
EXEC mode, or have CMKRNL (change mode to kernel) and
CMEXEC (change mode to executive) privilege enabled.
Note that this was the default behavior of the SET
PROCESS/SUSPEND command for versions of OpenVMS prior
to VMS Version 5.0.
Depending on the operation, the process from which you specify
the /SUSPEND qualifier requires privileges. You must have GROUP
privilege to suspend another process in the same group, unless
that process has the same user identification code (UIC). You
must have WORLD privilege to suspend any other process in the
system.
When you enter the SET PROCESS/SUSPEND=KERNEL/ID= command in a
cluster environment, the KERNEL keyword is ignored if the target
process and the current process reside on different cluster
nodes. As a result, process suspension is handled as if you had
specified the SUPERVISOR keyword (the default).
Note that you can specify SET PROCESS/SUSPEND=KERNEL
to override a previous SET PROCESS/SUSPEND=SUPERVISOR.
SET PROCESS/SUSPEND=SUPERVISOR does not, however, override SET
PROCESS/SUSPEND=KERNEL.
2.19 - /SWAPPING
/SWAPPING (default)
/NOSWAPPING
Requires the PSWAPM (process swap) privilege to disable swapping
for your process.
Permits the process to be swapped. By default, a process that is
not currently executing can be removed from physical memory so
that other processes can execute. If you specify the /NOSWAPPING
qualifier, the process is not swapped out of the balance set when
it is in a wait state.
| 3 - Examples |
1.$ SET PROCESS/PRIVILEGE=EXQUOTA
The SET PROCESS command in this example assigns the current
process the privilege of exceeding quotas.
2.$ SET PROCESS/NORESOURCE_WAIT
The SET PROCESS command in this example disables resource wait
mode for the current process.
3.$ RUN/PROCESS_NAME=TESTER CALC
%RUN-S-PROC_ID, identification of created process is 0005002F
$ SET PROCESS/PRIORITY=10 TESTER
The RUN command in this example creates a subprocess and gives
it the name TESTER. Subsequently, the SET PROCESS/PRIORITY
command assigns the subprocess a priority of 10.
4.$ SHOW PROCESS/SUBPROCESS
19-APR-2001 15:17:28.41 User: DAVIS Process ID: 31900218
Node: OCALA Process name: "DAVIS"
Processes in this tree:
DAVIS *
DAVIS_1
DAVIS_2
$ SET PROCESS/SUSPEND DAVIS_1
$
The SET PROCESS/SUSPEND command in this example suspends the
process DAVIS_1 such that ASTs can be delivered to it. Because
no keyword was specified, the /SUSPEND=SUPERVISOR version is
assumed.
5.$ SHOW PROCESS/SUBPROCESS OCALA::TESTA
19-APR-2001 12:17:24.45 User: TESTA Process ID: 31400208
Node: OCALA Process name: "TESTA"
Processes in this tree:
TESTA *
TESTA_1
TESTA_2
$ SET PROCESS OCALA::TESTA_2 /SUSPEND=KERNEL
$
The SET PROCESS/SUSPEND=KERNEL command in this example suspends
the process TESTA_2 on node OCALA such that no ASTs can be
delivered to it.
6.$ SET PROCESS CPUSCHED/AFFINITY/SET=1/PERMANENT
$ SET PROCESS CPUSCHED/CAPABILITY/SET=8/PERMANENT
$ SHOW CPU/FULL
COBRA7, a DEC 4000 Model 620
Multiprocessing is ENABLED. Streamlined synchronization image loaded.
Minimum multiprocessing revision levels: CPU = 1
System Page Size = 8192
System Revision Code =
System Serial Number =
Default CPU Capabilities:
System: QUORUM RUN
Default Process Capabilities:
System: QUORUM RUN
PRIMARY CPU = 00
CPU 00 is in RUN state
Current Process: *** None ***
Serial Number: AY24870417
Revision: A200
VAX floating point operations supported.
IEEE floating point operations and data types supported.
Processor is Primary Eligible.
PALCODE: Revision Code = 5.48
PALcode Compatibility = 0
Maximum Shared Processors = 2
Memory Space: Physical address = 00000000 00000000
Length = 0
Scratch Space: Physical address = 00000000 00000000
Length = 0
Capabilities of this CPU:
System: PRIMARY QUORUM RUN
User bitmask: 00000040
Processes which can only execute on this CPU:
NETACP PID = 0000008E Reason: PRIMARY Capability
CPU 01 is in RUN state
Current Process: CPUSCHED PID = 00000095
Serial Number: AY24870406
Revision: A200
VAX floating point operations supported.
IEEE floating point operations and data types supported.
PALCODE: Revision Code = 5.48
PALcode Compatibility = 0
Maximum Shared Processors = 2
Memory Space: Physical address = 00000000 00000000
Length = 0
Scratch Space: Physical address = 00000000 00000000
Length = 0
Capabilities of this CPU:
System: QUORUM RUN
User bitmask: 00000080
Processes which can only execute on this CPU:
CPUSCHED PID = 00000095 Reason: Affinitized to this CPU
Reason: User capabilities - 00000080)
$ SET PROCESS/NOAFFINITY/PERMANENT
$ SET PROCESS/NOCAPABILITY/PERMANENT
$ SHOW CPU/FULL
COBRA7, a DEC 4000 Model 620
Multiprocessing is ENABLED. Streamlined synchronization image loaded.
Minimum multiprocessing revision levels: CPU = 1
System Page Size = 8192
System Revision Code =
System Serial Number =
Default CPU Capabilities:
System: QUORUM RUN
Default Process Capabilities:
System: QUORUM RUN
CPU 00 is in RUN state
Current Process: *** None ***
Serial Number: AY24870417
Revision: A200
VAX floating point operations supported.
IEEE floating point operations and data types supported.
Processor is Primary Eligible.
PALCODE: Revision Code = 5.48
PALcode Compatibility = 0
Maximum Shared Processors = 2
Memory Space: Physical address = 00000000 00000000
Length = 0
Scratch Space: Physical address = 00000000 00000000
Length = 0
Capabilities of this CPU:
System: PRIMARY QUORUM RUN
User bitmask: 00000040
Processes which can only execute on this CPU:
NETACP PID = 0000008E Reason: PRIMARY Capability
CPU 01 is in RUN state
Current Process: CPUSCHED PID = 00000095
Serial Number: AY24870406
Revision: A200
VAX floating point operations supported.
IEEE floating point operations and data types supported.
PALCODE: Revision Code = 5.48
PALcode Compatibility = 0
Maximum Shared Processors = 2
Memory Space: Physical address = 00000000 00000000
Length = 0
Scratch Space: Physical address = 00000000 00000000
Length = 0
Capabilities of this CPU:
System: QUORUM RUN
User bitmask: 00000080
Processes which can only execute on this CPU:
*** None ***
In this example, CPU 1 has user capability 8 enabled (user mask
of process CPUSCHED, and CPU affinity is set to 1. Either of
these settings forces the initial kernel thread to run only on
CPU 1, as shown by the SHOW PROCESS command.
Then, the SET PROCESS/NOAFFINITY/NOCAPABILITY command clears
all CPU affinities and user capability requirements for the
initial kernel thread of process (CPUSCHED), and the binding to
CPU 1 disappears.
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