VMS Help PASCAL, Predeclared Routines, Ordinal, UPPER  *Conan The Librarian (sorry for the slow response - running on an old VAX)

  The UPPER function returns the upper bound  for  ordinal  types,
  SET base types, and array indexes.

  Syntax:

     UPPER( x [[, n]] )

  The parameter 'x'  is  a  type  identifier  or  variable  of  an
  ordinal,  SET,  or  ARRAY type.  The parameter 'n' is an integer
  constant that denotes a dimension of 'x', if 'x'  is  an  array.
  If  'x'  is an array and if you omit the 'n', Compaq Pascal uses
  the default value 1.  If 'x' is  an  array,  UPPER  returns  the
  upper  bound  of the nth dimension of 'x'.  If 'x' is an ordinal
  type, UPPER returns the upper bound or largest value.  If 'x' is
  a SET, UPPER returns the upper bound of the SET base type.