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wm(n)			     Tk Built-In Commands			 wm(n)

______________________________________________________________________________

NAME
       wm - Communicate with window manager

SYNOPSIS
       wm option window ?args?
_________________________________________________________________

DESCRIPTION
       The  wm	command	 is  used to interact with window managers in order to
       control such things as the title for a window,  its  geometry,  or  the
       increments  in  terms  of  which it may be resized.  The wm command can
       take any of a number of different forms, depending on the option	 argu‐
       ment.   All  of the forms expect at least one additional argument, win‐
       dow, which must be the path name of a top-level window.

       The legal forms for the wm command are:

       wm aspect window ?minNumer minDenom maxNumer maxDenom?
	      If minNumer, minDenom, maxNumer, and maxDenom are all specified,
	      then  they  will	be passed to the window manager and the window
	      manager should use them to enforce a range of acceptable	aspect
	      ratios  for  window.   The aspect ratio of window (width/length)
	      will be constrained to lie between minNumer/minDenom and	maxNu‐
	      mer/maxDenom.   If  minNumer  etc.  are  all  specified as empty
	      strings,	then  any  existing  aspect  ratio  restrictions   are
	      removed.	 If  minNumer  etc.  are  specified,  then the command
	      returns an empty string.	Otherwise, it returns a Tcl list  con‐
	      taining four elements, which are the current values of minNumer,
	      minDenom, maxNumer, and maxDenom (if no aspect restrictions  are
	      in effect, then an empty string is returned).		       │

       wm attributes window						       │

       wm attributes window ?option?					       │

       wm attributes window ?option value option value...?		       │
	      This  subcommand	returns	 or  sets platform specific attributes │
	      associated with a window. The first form returns a list  of  the │
	      platform	specific  flags	 and  their  values.  The  second form │
	      returns the value for the specific option. The third  form  sets │
	      one or more of the values. The values are as follows:	       │

       On Windows, the following attributes may be set.			       │

	      -disabled							       │
		     Specifies whether the window is in a disabled state.      │

	      -toolwindow						       │
		     Specifies	a  toolwindow  style window (as defined in the │
		     MSDN).						       │

	      -topmost							       │
		     Specifies whether this  is	 a  topmost  window  (displays │
		     above all other windows).				       │

	      -alpha							       │
		     Specifies	the  alpha transparency level of the toplevel. │
		     It accepts a value from 0.0 (fully	 transparent)  to  1.0 │
		     (opaque).	Values outside that range will be constrained. │
		     This is supported on Windows 2000/XP+.   Where  not  sup‐ │
		     ported, the -alpha value remains at 1.0.		       │

	      -transparentcolor						       │
		     Specifies	the  transparent  color index of the toplevel. │
		     It takes any color value accepted by Tk_GetColor.	If the │
		     empty string is specified (default), no transparent color │
		     is used.  This is supported on Windows  2000/XP+.	 Where │
		     not supported, the -transparentcolor value remains at {}. │

       On Mac OS X, the following attributes may be set.		       │

	      -modified							       │
		     Specifies	the  modification  state of the window (deter‐ │
		     mines whether the window close widget contains the	 modi‐ │
		     fication  indicator  and  whether the proxy icon is drag‐ │
		     gable).						       │

	      -titlepath						       │
		     Specifies the path of the file referenced as  the	window │
		     proxy  icon  (which can be dragged and dropped in lieu of │
		     the file's finder icon).				       │

	      -alpha							       │
		     Specifies the alpha transparency level of the window.  It │
		     accepts  a	 value	from  0.0  (fully  transparent) to 1.0 │
		     (opaque), values outside that range will be constrained.  │

	      -topmost							       │
		     Specifies whether this  is	 a  topmost  window  (displays │
		     above all other windows).				       │

	      -transparent						       │
		     Makes  the	 window content area transparent and turns off │
		     the window shadow. For the transparency to	 be  effecive, │
		     the  toplevel  background needs to be set to a color with │
		     some alpha, e.g. "systemTransparent".		       │

	      -fullscreen						       │
		     Places the window in a mode that takes up the entire main │
		     screen and hides the dock and menu bar.		       │

       On X11, there are currently no special attribute values.

       wm client window ?name?
	      If  name is specified, this command stores name (which should be
	      the name of the host on which the application is	executing)  in
	      window's	WM_CLIENT_MACHINE  property for use by the window man‐
	      ager or session manager.	The command returns an empty string in
	      this  case.   If	name  isn't specified, the command returns the
	      last name set in a wm client command for	window.	  If  name  is
	      specified	  as   an   empty  string,  the	 command  deletes  the
	      WM_CLIENT_MACHINE property from window.

       wm colormapwindows window ?windowList?
	      This command is used to manipulate the WM_COLORMAP_WINDOWS prop‐
	      erty,  which  provides  information to the window managers about
	      windows that have private colormaps.  If windowList isn't speci‐
	      fied, the command returns a list whose elements are the names of
	      the windows in the WM_COLORMAP_WINDOWS property.	If  windowList
	      is  specified,  it consists of a list of window path names;  the
	      command overwrites the  WM_COLORMAP_WINDOWS  property  with  the
	      given windows and returns an empty string.  The WM_COLORMAP_WIN‐
	      DOWS property should normally contain a  list  of	 the  internal
	      windows within window whose colormaps differ from their parents.
	      The order of the windows in the property	indicates  a  priority
	      order:  the  window manager will attempt to install as many col‐
	      ormaps as possible from the head of this list when  window  gets
	      the colormap focus.  If window is not included among the windows
	      in windowList, Tk implicitly adds it at the end of  the  WM_COL‐
	      ORMAP_WINDOWS property, so that its colormap is lowest in prior‐
	      ity.  If wm colormapwindows is not invoked,  Tk  will  automati‐
	      cally  set  the  property	 for  each top-level window to all the
	      internal windows whose colormaps differ from their parents, fol‐
	      lowed  by	 the top-level itself;	the order of the internal win‐
	      dows is undefined.  See the ICCCM documentation for more	infor‐
	      mation on the WM_COLORMAP_WINDOWS property.

       wm command window ?value?
	      If  value	 is  specified,	 this command stores value in window's
	      WM_COMMAND property for use by the  window  manager  or  session
	      manager  and  returns  an	 empty string.	Value must have proper
	      list structure;  the elements should contain the	words  of  the
	      command  used  to invoke the application.	 If value isn't speci‐
	      fied then the command returns the last value set in a wm command
	      command  for  window.  If value is specified as an empty string,
	      the command deletes the WM_COMMAND property from window.

       wm deiconify window
	      Arrange for window to be	displayed  in  normal  (non-iconified)
	      form.   This  is	done by mapping the window.  If the window has
	      never been mapped then this command will not map the window, but
	      it  will	ensure that when the window is first mapped it will be
	      displayed in de-iconified form.  On Windows, a deiconified  win‐
	      dow  will also be raised and be given the focus (made the active
	      window).	Returns an empty string.

       wm focusmodel window ?active|passive?
	      If active or passive is supplied as an optional argument to  the
	      command,	then it specifies the focus model for window.  In this
	      case the command returns an  empty  string.   If	no  additional
	      argument is supplied, then the command returns the current focus
	      model for window.	 An active focus model means that window  will
	      claim  the  input	 focus	for itself or its descendants, even at
	      times when the focus is currently	 in  some  other  application.
	      Passive means that window will never claim the focus for itself:
	      the window manager should give the focus to window at  appropri‐
	      ate  times.  However, once the focus has been given to window or
	      one of its descendants, the application may re-assign the	 focus
	      among  window's  descendants.   The focus model defaults to pas‐
	      sive, and Tk's focus command assumes a passive model  of	focus‐
	      ing.

       wm frame window
	      If window has been reparented by the window manager into a deco‐ │
	      rative frame, the command returns the platform  specific	window │
	      identifier  for  the  outermost  frame that contains window (the │
	      window whose parent is the root or  virtual  root).   If	window │
	      hasn't  been  reparented	by the window manager then the command │
	      returns the platform specific window identifier for window.

       wm geometry window ?newGeometry?
	      If newGeometry is specified, then	 the  geometry	of  window  is
	      changed  and an empty string is returned.	 Otherwise the current
	      geometry for window is returned (this is the most recent	geome‐
	      try specified either by manual resizing or in a wm geometry com‐
	      mand).  NewGeometry has the form =widthxheight±x±y, where any of
	      =,  widthxheight,	 or ±x±y may be omitted.  Width and height are
	      positive integers specifying the desired dimensions  of  window.
	      If  window  is  gridded  (see GRIDDED GEOMETRY MANAGEMENT below)
	      then the dimensions are specified in grid units;	otherwise they
	      are specified in pixel units.  X and y specify the desired loca‐
	      tion of window on the screen, in pixels.	If x is preceded by +,
	      it  specifies  the number of pixels between the left edge of the
	      screen and the left edge of window's border;  if preceded	 by  -
	      then  x specifies the number of pixels between the right edge of
	      the screen and the right edge of window's border.	 If y is  pre‐
	      ceded  by	 +  then it specifies the number of pixels between the
	      top of the screen and the top of window's border;	 if y is  pre‐
	      ceded  by	 -  then it specifies the number of pixels between the
	      bottom of window's border and the bottom of the screen.  If new‐
	      Geometry is specified as an empty string then any existing user-
	      specified geometry for window is cancelled, and the window  will
	      revert to the size requested internally by its widgets.

       wm grid window ?baseWidth baseHeight widthInc heightInc?
	      This command indicates that window is to be managed as a gridded
	      window.  It also specifies the relationship between  grid	 units
	      and pixel units.	BaseWidth and baseHeight specify the number of
	      grid units  corresponding	 to  the  pixel	 dimensions  requested
	      internally  by  window  using  Tk_GeometryRequest.  WidthInc and
	      heightInc specify the number of pixels in	 each  horizontal  and
	      vertical	grid  unit.   These  four  values determine a range of
	      acceptable sizes for window, corresponding to grid-based	widths
	      and  heights  that are non-negative integers.  Tk will pass this
	      information to the window manager;  during manual resizing,  the
	      window  manager  will restrict the window's size to one of these
	      acceptable sizes.	 Furthermore, during manual resizing the  win‐
	      dow  manager  will display the window's current size in terms of
	      grid units rather than pixels.  If baseWidth etc. are all speci‐
	      fied  as empty strings, then window will no longer be managed as
	      a gridded window.	 If baseWidth  etc.  are  specified  then  the
	      return  value is an empty string.	 Otherwise the return value is
	      a Tcl list containing four elements corresponding to the current
	      baseWidth,  baseHeight,  widthInc,  and heightInc;  if window is
	      not currently gridded, then an empty string is returned.	 Note:
	      this  command should not be needed very often, since the Tk_Set‐
	      Grid library procedure and the  setGrid  option  provide	easier
	      access to the same functionality.

       wm group window ?pathName?
	      If  pathName is specified, it gives the path name for the leader
	      of a group of related windows.  The window manager may use  this
	      information, for example, to unmap all of the windows in a group
	      when the group's leader is iconified.  PathName may be specified
	      as  an empty string to remove window from any group association.
	      If pathName is specified	then  the  command  returns  an	 empty
	      string;	otherwise it returns the path name of window's current
	      group leader, or an empty string if window  isn't	 part  of  any
	      group.

       wm iconbitmap window ?bitmap?
	      If  bitmap  is specified, then it names a bitmap in the standard
	      forms accepted by Tk (see	 the  Tk_GetBitmap  manual  entry  for
	      details).	  This	bitmap	is  passed to the window manager to be
	      displayed in window's icon, and the  command  returns  an	 empty
	      string.	If  an	empty string is specified for bitmap, then any
	      current icon bitmap is cancelled for window.  If bitmap is spec‐
	      ified  then  the	command returns an empty string.  Otherwise it
	      returns the name of the current icon bitmap associated with win‐
	      dow,  or	an  empty string if window has no icon bitmap.	On the
	      Windows operating system, an additional flag  is	supported:  wm
	      iconbitmap  window  ?-default? ?image?.  If the -default flag is
	      given, the icon is applied to all toplevel windows (existing and
	      future)  to  which  no other specific icon has yet been applied.
	      In addition to bitmap image types, a full path specification  to
	      any  file	 which	contains a valid Windows icon is also accepted
	      (usually .ico or .icr files), or any file for  which  the	 shell
	      has  assigned an icon.  Tcl will first test if the file contains
	      an icon, then if it has an assigned icon, and finally,  if  that
	      fails, test for a bitmap.

       wm iconify window
	      Arrange  for  window to be iconified.  It window hasn't yet been
	      mapped for the first time, this command will arrange for	it  to
	      appear in the iconified state when it is eventually mapped.

       wm iconmask window ?bitmap?
	      If  bitmap  is specified, then it names a bitmap in the standard
	      forms accepted by Tk (see	 the  Tk_GetBitmap  manual  entry  for
	      details).	  This	bitmap	is  passed to the window manager to be
	      used as a mask in conjunction with the iconbitmap option:	 where
	      the  mask	 has  zeroes  no icon will be displayed;  where it has
	      ones, the bits from the icon bitmap will be  displayed.	If  an
	      empty  string is specified for bitmap then any current icon mask
	      is cancelled for window (this is equivalent to specifying a bit‐
	      map  of  all  ones).   If	 bitmap	 is specified then the command
	      returns an empty string.	Otherwise it returns the name  of  the
	      current  icon mask associated with window, or an empty string if
	      no mask is in effect.

       wm iconname window ?newName?
	      If newName is specified, then it is passed to  the  window  man‐
	      ager;  the window manager should display newName inside the icon
	      associated with  window.	 In  this  case	 an  empty  string  is
	      returned as result.  If newName isn't specified then the command
	      returns the current icon name for window, or an empty string  if
	      no icon name has been specified (in this case the window manager
	      will normally display the window's title, as specified with  the
	      wm title command).

       wm iconposition window ?x y?
	      If  x and y are specified, they are passed to the window manager
	      as a hint about where to position the icon for window.  In  this
	      case  an	empty string is returned.  If x and y are specified as
	      empty strings then any existing icon position hint is cancelled.
	      If  neither x nor y is specified, then the command returns a Tcl
	      list containing two values, which are the current icon  position
	      hints  (if  no  hints  are  in  effect  then  an empty string is
	      returned).

       wm iconwindow window ?pathName?
	      If pathName is specified, it is the path name for	 a  window  to
	      use  as  icon for window: when window is iconified then pathName
	      will be mapped to serve as icon, and when window is de-iconified
	      then  pathName will be unmapped again.  If pathName is specified
	      as an empty string then any existing icon window association for
	      window will be cancelled.	 If the pathName argument is specified
	      then an empty string is returned.	 Otherwise the command returns
	      the path name of the current icon window for window, or an empty
	      string if there is no icon window currently specified  for  win‐
	      dow.   Button press events are disabled for window as long as it
	      is an icon window;  this is needed in order to allow window man‐
	      agers  to	 ``own''  those events.	 Note: not all window managers
	      support the notion of an icon window.

       wm maxsize window ?width height?
	      If width and height are specified, they give the maximum permis‐
	      sible dimensions for window.  For gridded windows the dimensions
	      are specified in grid units;  otherwise they  are	 specified  in
	      pixel  units.   The  window  manager  will restrict the window's
	      dimensions to be less than or equal to  width  and  height.   If
	      width  and  height  are  specified,  then the command returns an
	      empty string.  Otherwise it returns a Tcl	 list  with  two  ele‐
	      ments,  which  are  the  maximum	width  and height currently in
	      effect.  The maximum size defaults to the size  of  the  screen.
	      See  the sections on geometry management below for more informa‐
	      tion.

       wm minsize window ?width height?
	      If width and height are specified, they give the minimum permis‐
	      sible dimensions for window.  For gridded windows the dimensions
	      are specified in grid units;  otherwise they  are	 specified  in
	      pixel  units.   The  window  manager  will restrict the window's
	      dimensions to be greater than or equal to width and height.   If
	      width  and  height  are  specified,  then the command returns an
	      empty string.  Otherwise it returns a Tcl	 list  with  two  ele‐
	      ments,  which  are  the  minimum	width  and height currently in
	      effect.  The minimum size defaults to one pixel in  each	dimen‐
	      sion.   See  the	sections on geometry management below for more
	      information.

       wm overrideredirect window ?boolean?
	      If boolean is specified, it must have a proper boolean form  and
	      the  override-redirect flag for window is set to that value.  If
	      boolean is not specified then 1 or 0  is	returned  to  indicate
	      whether  or  not the override-redirect flag is currently set for
	      window.  Setting the override-redirect flag for a window	causes
	      it  to  be  ignored  by the window manager;  among other things,
	      this means that the window will not be reparented from the  root
	      window  into a decorative frame and the user will not be able to
	      manipulate the window using the  normal  window  manager	mecha‐
	      nisms.

       wm positionfrom window ?who?
	      If  who  is  specified, it must be either program or user, or an
	      abbreviation of one of these two.	 It indicates whether window's
	      current  position	 was  requested by the program or by the user.
	      Many window managers ignore program-requested initial  positions
	      and  ask	the  user to manually position the window;  if user is
	      specified then the window manager should position the window  at
	      the  given place without asking the user for assistance.	If who
	      is specified as an  empty	 string,  then	the  current  position
	      source  is  cancelled.   If  who	is specified, then the command
	      returns an empty string.	Otherwise it returns user  or  program
	      to  indicate  the source of the window's current position, or an
	      empty string if no source has been specified yet.	  Most	window
	      managers	interpret  ``no source'' as equivalent to program.  Tk
	      will automatically set the position source to  user  when	 a  wm
	      geometry	command	 is  invoked,  unless  the source has been set
	      explicitly to program.

       wm protocol window ?name? ?command?
	      This command is used to manage window manager protocols such  as
	      WM_DELETE_WINDOW.	  Name is the name of an atom corresponding to
	      a	 window	 manager  protocol,  such   as	 WM_DELETE_WINDOW   or
	      WM_SAVE_YOURSELF or WM_TAKE_FOCUS.  If both name and command are
	      specified, then command is associated with the  protocol	speci‐
	      fied by name.  Name will be added to window's WM_PROTOCOLS prop‐
	      erty to tell the window manager that the application has a  pro‐
	      tocol  handler  for  name,  and  command	will be invoked in the
	      future whenever the window manager sends a message to the client
	      for  that	 protocol.   In this case the command returns an empty
	      string.  If name is specified but command isn't, then  the  cur‐
	      rent  command  for name is returned, or an empty string if there
	      is no handler defined for name.  If command is specified	as  an
	      empty string then the current handler for name is deleted and it
	      is removed from the WM_PROTOCOLS property on window;   an	 empty
	      string  is  returned.   Lastly,  if  neither name nor command is
	      specified, the command returns a list of all the	protocols  for
	      which handlers are currently defined for window.

	      Tk  always defines a protocol handler for WM_DELETE_WINDOW, even
	      if  you  haven't	asked  for  one	 with  wm  protocol.	If   a
	      WM_DELETE_WINDOW message arrives when you haven't defined a han‐
	      dler, then Tk handles the message by destroying the  window  for
	      which it was received.

       wm resizable window ?width height?
	      This  command controls whether or not the user may interactively
	      resize a top-level window.  If width and height  are  specified,
	      they  are	 boolean  values  that determine whether the width and
	      height of window may be modified by the user.  In this case  the
	      command  returns an empty string.	 If width and height are omit‐
	      ted then the command returns a list with two 0/1	elements  that
	      indicate	whether	 the  width and height of window are currently
	      resizable.  By default, windows are  resizable  in  both	dimen‐
	      sions.   If resizing is disabled, then the window's size will be
	      the size from the most recent interactive resize or wm  geometry
	      command.	 If there has been no such operation then the window's
	      natural size will be used.

       wm sizefrom window ?who?
	      If who is specified, it must be either program or	 user,	or  an
	      abbreviation of one of these two.	 It indicates whether window's
	      current size was requested by the program or by the user.	  Some
	      window  managers ignore program-requested sizes and ask the user
	      to manually size the window;  if user is specified then the win‐
	      dow  manager  should  give the window its specified size without
	      asking the user for assistance.  If who is specified as an empty
	      string,  then  the  current size source is cancelled.  If who is
	      specified, then the command returns an empty string.   Otherwise
	      it returns user or window to indicate the source of the window's
	      current size, or an empty string if no source has been specified
	      yet.  Most window managers interpret ``no source'' as equivalent
	      to program.

       wm stackorder window ?isabove|isbelow window?
	      The stackorder command returns a list  of	 toplevel  windows  in
	      stacking	order,	from lowest to highest. When a single toplevel
	      window is passed, the returned list recursively includes all  of
	      the  window's  children that are toplevels. Only those toplevels
	      that are currently mapped	 to  the  screen  are  returned.   The
	      stackorder command can also be used to determine if one toplevel
	      is positioned above or below a second toplevel.  When two window
	      arguments	 separated  by either isabove or isbelow are passed, a
	      boolean result indicates whether or not the first window is cur‐
	      rently above or below the second window in the stacking order.

       wm state window ?newstate?
	      If  newstate  is	specified,  the	 window will be set to the new
	      state, otherwise it returns the current state of window:	either
	      normal,  iconic, withdrawn, icon, or (Windows and Mac OS X only)
	      zoomed.  The difference between iconic and icon is  that	iconic
	      refers  to  a  window that has been iconified (e.g., with the wm
	      iconify command) while icon refers to a window whose  only  pur‐
	      pose  is	to serve as the icon for some other window (via the wm
	      iconwindow command).  The icon state cannot be set.

       wm title window ?string?
	      If string is specified, then it will be  passed  to  the	window
	      manager  for  use	 as  the  title for window (the window manager
	      should display this string in window's title bar).  In this case
	      the  command returns an empty string.  If string isn't specified
	      then the command returns the current title for the window.   The
	      title for a window defaults to its name.

       wm transient window ?master?
	      If master is specified, then the window manager is informed that
	      window is a transient window (e.g. pull-down  menu)  working  on
	      behalf  of master (where master is the path name for a top-level
	      window).	If master is specified as an empty string then	window
	      is  marked  as not being a transient window any more.  Otherwise
	      the command returns the path name of window's current master, or
	      an empty string if window isn't currently a transient window.  A
	      transient window will mirror state changes  in  the  master  and
	      inherit  the state of the master when initially mapped. It is an
	      error to attempt to make a window a transient of itself.

       wm withdraw window
	      Arranges for window to  be  withdrawn  from  the	screen.	  This
	      causes the window to be unmapped and forgotten about by the win‐
	      dow manager.  If the window has never  been  mapped,  then  this
	      command  causes  the window to be mapped in the withdrawn state.
	      Not all window managers appear to know  how  to  handle  windows
	      that  are	 mapped	 in  the  withdrawn state.  Note: it sometimes
	      seems to be necessary to withdraw a window and  then  re-map  it
	      (e.g.  with  wm  deiconify)  to  get some window managers to pay
	      attention to changes in window attributes such as group.

GEOMETRY MANAGEMENT
       By default a top-level window appears on	 the  screen  in  its  natural
       size,  which is the one determined internally by its widgets and geome‐
       try managers.  If the natural size of a top-level window changes,  then
       the  window's size changes to match.  A top-level window can be given a
       size other than its natural size in two	ways.	First,	the  user  can
       resize  the window manually using the facilities of the window manager,
       such as resize handles.	Second, the application can request a particu‐
       lar  size  for a top-level window using the wm geometry command.	 These
       two cases are handled identically by Tk;	 in either case, the requested
       size overrides the natural size.	 You can return the window to its nat‐
       ural by invoking wm geometry with an empty geometry string.

       Normally a top-level window can have any size from one  pixel  in  each
       dimension  up  to  the size of its screen.  However, you can use the wm
       minsize and wm maxsize commands to limit the range of allowable	sizes.
       The  range  set	by  wm	minsize and wm maxsize applies to all forms of
       resizing, including the window's natural size as well as manual resizes
       and the wm geometry command.  You can also use the command wm resizable
       to completely disable interactive resizing in one or both dimensions.

GRIDDED GEOMETRY MANAGEMENT
       Gridded geometry management occurs when one of the widgets of an appli‐
       cation  supports a range of useful sizes.  This occurs, for example, in
       a text editor where the scrollbars, menus,  and	other  adornments  are
       fixed  in  size	but the edit widget can support any number of lines of
       text or characters per line.  In this case, it is usually desirable  to
       let the user specify the number of lines or characters-per-line, either
       with the wm geometry command or by interactively resizing  the  window.
       In the case of text, and in other interesting cases also, only discrete
       sizes of the window make sense, such as integral numbers of  lines  and
       characters-per-line;  arbitrary pixel sizes are not useful.

       Gridded	geometry management provides support for this kind of applica‐
       tion.  Tk (and the window manager) assume that there is a grid of  some
       sort  within the application and that the application should be resized
       in terms of grid units rather than pixels.  Gridded geometry management
       is typically invoked by turning on the setGrid option for a widget;  it
       can also be invoked with the wm grid command or by calling  Tk_SetGrid.
       In each of these approaches the particular widget (or sometimes code in
       the application as a whole) specifies the relationship between integral
       grid  sizes  for	 the window and pixel sizes.  To return to non-gridded
       geometry management, invoke wm grid with empty argument strings.

       When gridded geometry management is enabled  then  all  the  dimensions
       specified  in  wm  minsize,  wm	maxsize,  and wm geometry commands are
       treated as grid units rather than pixel units.  Interactive resizing is
       also carried out in even numbers of grid units rather than pixels.

BUGS
       Most existing window managers appear to have bugs that affect the oper‐
       ation of the wm command.	 For example, some changes won't  take	effect
       if  the window is already active:  the window will have to be withdrawn
       and de-iconified in order to make the change happen.

EXAMPLES
       A fixed-size window that says that it is fixed-size too:
	      toplevel .fixed
	      wm title	   .fixed "Fixed-size Window"
	      wm resizable .fixed 0 0

       A simple dialog-like window, centred on the screen:
	      # Create and arrange the dialog contents.
	      toplevel .msg
	      label  .msg.l  -text "This is a very simple dialog demo."
	      button .msg.ok -text OK -default active -command {destroy .msg}
	      pack .msg.ok -side bottom -fill x
	      pack .msg.l  -expand 1	-fill both

	      # Now set the widget up as a centred dialog.

	      # But first, we need the geometry managers to finish setting
	      # up the interior of the dialog, for which we need to run the
	      # event loop with the widget hidden completely...
	      wm withdraw .msg
	      update
	      set x [expr {([winfo screenwidth .]-[winfo width .msg])/2}]
	      set y [expr {([winfo screenheight .]-[winfo height .msg])/2}]
	      wm geometry  .msg +$x+$y
	      wm transient .msg .
	      wm title	   .msg "Dialog demo"
	      wm deiconify .msg

SEE ALSO
       toplevel(n), winfo(n)

KEYWORDS
       aspect ratio, deiconify, focus  model,  geometry,  grid,	 group,	 icon,
       iconify,	 increments,  position,	 size, title, top-level window, units,
       window manager

Tk				      8.4				 wm(n)
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