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TZSET(3)		   Linux Programmer's Manual		      TZSET(3)

NAME
       tzset, tzname, timezone, daylight - initialize time conversion informa‐
       tion

SYNOPSIS
       #include <time.h>

       void tzset (void);

       extern char *tzname[2];
       extern long timezone;
       extern int daylight;

   Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):

       tzset(): _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 1 || _XOPEN_SOURCE || _POSIX_SOURCE
       tzname: _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 1 || _XOPEN_SOURCE || _POSIX_SOURCE
       timezone: _SVID_SOURCE || _XOPEN_SOURCE
       daylight: _SVID_SOURCE || _XOPEN_SOURCE

DESCRIPTION
       The tzset() function initializes the tzname variable from the TZ	 envi‐
       ronment	variable.   This function is automatically called by the other
       time conversion functions that depend on the timezone.  In a  System-V-
       like  environment it will also set the variables timezone (seconds West
       of GMT) and daylight (0 if this timezone does  not  have	 any  daylight
       saving  time  rules,  non-zero  if there is a time during the year when
       daylight saving time applies).

       If the TZ variable does not appear in the environment, the tzname vari‐
       able  is	 initialized  with  the best approximation of local wall clock
       time, as specified by the tzfile(5)-format file localtime found in  the
       system	timezone   directory   (see  below).   (One  also  often  sees
       /etc/localtime used here, a symlink to the right	 file  in  the	system
       timezone directory.)

       If  the	TZ  variable  does  appear in the environment but its value is
       empty or its value cannot be interpreted using any of the formats spec‐
       ified below, Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is used.

       The  value of TZ can be one of three formats.  The first format is used
       when there is no daylight saving time in the local timezone:

	      std offset

       The std string specifies the name of the timezone and must be three  or
       more  alphabetic characters.  The offset string immediately follows std
       and specifies the time value to be added to the local time to get Coor‐
       dinated	Universal  Time	 (UTC).	  The  offset is positive if the local
       timezone is west of the Prime Meridian and negative if it is east.  The
       hour must be between 0 and 24, and the minutes and seconds 0 and 59.

       The second format is used when there is daylight saving time:

	      std offset dst [offset],start[/time],end[/time]

       There  are  no spaces in the specification.  The initial std and offset
       specify the standard timezone, as described above.  The dst string  and
       offset  specify the name and offset for the corresponding daylight sav‐
       ing timezone.  If the offset is omitted, it default to one  hour	 ahead
       of standard time.

       The  start  field  specifies when daylight saving time goes into effect
       and the end field specifies when the change is made  back  to  standard
       time.  These fields may have the following formats:

       Jn     This  specifies the Julian day with n between 1 and 365.	Febru‐
	      ary 29 is never counted even in leap years.

       n      This specifies the Julian day with n between 0 and 365.	Febru‐
	      ary 29 is counted in leap years.

       Mm.w.d This  specifies  day  d (0 <= d <= 6) of week w (1 <= w <= 5) of
	      month m (1 <= m <= 12).  Week 1 is the first week in which day d
	      occurs and week 5 is the last week in which day d occurs.	 Day 0
	      is a Sunday.

       The time fields specify when, in the local time	currently  in  effect,
       the  change  to	the  other  time  occurs.   If omitted, the default is
       02:00:00.

       Here is an example for New Zealand, where the standard time  (NZST)  is
       12  hours ahead of UTC, and daylight saving time (NZDT), 13 hours ahead
       of UTC, runs from the first Sunday in October to the  third  Sunday  in
       March, and the changeovers happen at the default time of 02:00:00:

	   TZ="NZST-12.00:00NZDT-13:00:00,M10.1.0,M3.3.0"

       The third format specifies that the timezone information should be read
       from a file:

	      :[filespec]

       If the file specification filespec is omitted, the timezone information
       is read from the file localtime in the system timezone directory, which
       nowadays usually is /usr/share/zoneinfo.	 This  file  is	 in  tzfile(5)
       format.	 If  filespec  is given, it specifies another tzfile(5)-format
       file to read the timezone information from.  If filespec does not begin
       with  a	'/', the file specification is relative to the system timezone
       directory.

       Here's an example, once more for New Zealand:

	   TZ=":Pacific/Auckland"

FILES
       The system timezone directory used  depends  on	the  (g)libc  version.
       Libc4 and libc5 use /usr/lib/zoneinfo, and, since libc-5.4.6, when this
       doesn't work, will try /usr/share/zoneinfo.  Glibc2 will use the	 envi‐
       ronment	variable  TZDIR, when that exists.  Its default depends on how
       it was installed, but normally is /usr/share/zoneinfo.

       This timezone directory contains the files
       localtime      local timezone file
       posixrules     rules for POSIX-style TZ's

       Often /etc/localtime is a symlink to the file localtime or to the  cor‐
       rect timezone file in the system timezone directory.

CONFORMING TO
       SVr4, POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD.

NOTES
       Note  that the variable daylight does not indicate that daylight saving
       time applies right now.	It used to give the number of  some  algorithm
       (see the variable tz_dsttime in gettimeofday(2)).  It has been obsolete
       for many years but is required by SUSv2.

       4.3BSD had a function char *timezone(zone, dst) that returned the  name
       of  the	timezone  corresponding to its first argument (minutes West of
       GMT).  If the second argument was 0, the standard name was used, other‐
       wise the daylight saving time version.

SEE ALSO
       date(1), gettimeofday(2), time(2), ctime(3), getenv(3), tzfile(5)

COLOPHON
       This  page  is  part of release 3.22 of the Linux man-pages project.  A
       description of the project, and information about reporting  bugs,  can
       be found at http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.

				  2008-08-29			      TZSET(3)
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