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transcode(1)							  transcode(1)

NAME
       transcode - LINUX video stream processing tool

SYNOPSIS
       transcode    -i	  name	  [-o	 name]	 [-y   vmod,amod]   [-w	  vbi‐
       trate[,vkeyframes[,vcrispness]]]	  [-a	atrack[,vtrack]]   [-b	  abi‐
       trate[,is_vbr[,quality[,mode]]]]	 [-M demuxer_mode] [-F codec_string] [
       other options ]

COPYRIGHT
       transcode is Copyright (C) 2001-2003  by	 Thomas	 Oestreich,  2003-2004
       Tilmann Bitterberg, 2004-2007 Transcode Team

QUICK SUMMARY
       transcode  supports  a huge range of options, as described in detail in
       further section. Only one option is mandatory: -i name,	for  supplying
       the  input main (video) source. All other options are discretionary and
       they can be skipped.  Most commonly needed options are -o, -y, -w,  -a,
       -b,  -M,	 -F and a fair number of transcode session needs a little more
       than those. See section below for full  description  of	all  transcode
       options.

DESCRIPTION
       transcode  is a linux text-console utility for video stream processing,
       running on a platform that supports shared libraries and threads.

       Decoding and encoding is done by loading modules that  are  responsible
       for feeding transcode with raw video/audio streams (import modules) and
       encoding the frames (export modules).

       It supports elementary video and audio frame transformations, including
       de-interlacing or fast resizing of video frames and loading of external
       filters.

       A number of modules are included to enable import of  DVDs  on-the-fly,
       MPEG  elementary	 (ES)  or  program  streams (VOB), MPEG video, Digital
       Video (DV), YUV4MPEG streams, NuppelVideo file format, AVI based codecs
       and  raw	 or  compressed (pass-through) video frames and export modules
       for writing DivX;-), XviD, DivX 4.xx/5.xx or uncompressed AVI  and  raw
       files with MPEG, AC3 (pass-through) or PCM audio.

       Additional  export  modules  to	write  single frames (PPM) or YUV4MPEG
       streams are available, as well as an interface  import  module  to  the
       avifile library.

       It's  modular  concept is intended to provide flexibility and easy user
       extensibility to include other video/audio codecs or filetypes.	A  set
       of tools is included to demux (tcdemux), extract (tcextract) and decode
       (tcdecode) the sources into raw video/audio streams for import, probing
       (tcprobe)  and  scanning	 (tcscan) your sources and to enable post-pro‐
       cessing of AVI files, fixing  AVI  file	header	information  (avifix),
       merging multiple files (avimerge), splitting large AVI files (avisplit)
       to fit on a CD and avisync to correct AV-offsyncs.

OPTIONS
       -A     use AC3 as internal audio codec [off].
	      Only pass-through supported.

       -B n[,m[,M]]
	      resize to height-n*M rows [,width-m*M] columns [off,32]. M  must
	      be  one  of 8, 16 or 32. It makes no difference which M you use.
	      You might look at the fast flag of the -Z option if you don  not
	      want to calculate n and m yourself.

       -C mode
	      enable anti-aliasing mode (1-3) [off].

	      1	  de-interlace effects only

	      2	  resize effects only

	      3	  process full frame (slow)

       -D num sync video start with audio frame num [0].

       -E r[,b[,c]]
	      audio  output  samplerate [Hz], bits per sample and channels [as
	      input]. The option "-J resample" must  be	 provided  for	export
	      modules not capable of re-sampling. Samplerate and bits per sam‐
	      ple can be specified as 0 to mean "same as input";  this	allows
	      converting  from	stereo to mono while leaving the other parame‐
	      ters alone (-E 0,0,1).

       -F codec_string
	      encoder parameter strings [module dependent].
	      The -F parameter has different  meanings	for  different	export
	      modules.

	      -y ffmpeg:
		The  codec  String  for	 the codec you want to encode. Example
	      values are -F mpeg4 or -F mpeg1video or -F  huffyuv.  To	get  a
	      list of valid codecs, use -F list

	      -y im:
		The  name of the image format you want to export. Example val‐
	      ues are '-F jpg' (default) or '-F png' or -F 'gif'. With -F jpg,
	      -w  gives quality in percent. With -F png, the first digit of -w
	      gives compression level, the second one gives quality, so -w  95
	      selects best compression level (9) and 5 means PNG adaptive fil‐
	      tering.

	      -y jpg:
		The quality of the JPEG encode in percent. Example values  are
	      '-F 75' (default) or '-F 100'

	      -y mov:
		Syntax: -F "<vcodec>,<acodec>[,<parameters>]"
		  <vcodec> = Videocodec to encode with. Default: "mjpa"
		  <acodec> = Audiocodec to encode with. Default: "ima4"
		  <parameters> = A comma seperated list of parameters
				 to be passed to the codec.

	      Note: You can use "list" instead of a video/audiocodec or param‐
	      eter to get a list of supported options.

	      -y mpeg:
		Syntax: -F "<base-profile>[,<resizer-mode>[,user-profile]]"
		  <base-profile> can be one of
		    '1' = MPEG 1 (default)
		    'b' = big MPEG 1 (experimental)
		    'v' = VCD
		    's' = SVCD
		    '2' = MPEG2
		    'd' = DVD compliant
		  <resizer-mode> can be one of
		     0 = disable resizer (default)
		     1 = 352x288
		     2 = 480x480
		     3 = 480x576
		     4 = 352x240
		  <user-profile> is a filename of the profile  file.  You  can
	      either specify the absolute path to the file or if you transcode
	      will look for it in the directory where you started transcode.

	      -y mpeg2enc:
		Syntax: -F "<base-profile>[,<options_string>]"
		  <base-profile> can be one of
		    '0' = Generic MPEG1 (default)
		    '1' = Standard VCD
		    '2' = User VCD
		    '3' = Generic MPEG2
		    '4' = Standard SVCD
		    '5' = User SVCD
		    '6' = Manual parameter mode
		    '8' = DVD
		  <options_string> will be passed down to  mpeg2enc  untouched
	      by transcode. Have a look at the manpage for mpeg2enc.

	      -y raw:
		The  name  of  the image format to use for uncompressed video.
	      Examples are I420 (YUV 4:2:0 planar), YV12 (the same thing  with
	      U	 and V reversed), or UYVY (YUV 4:2:2 packed). Use "-F help" to
	      get a list of formats.

       -G val Gamma correction (0.0-10.0) [off].
	      A value of 1.0 does not change anything. A value lower than  1.0
	      will make the picture "brighter", a value above 1.0 will make it
	      "darker".

       -H n   auto-probe n MB of source (0=disable) default [1]
	      Use a higher value than the default to detect all	 subtitles  in
	      the VOB.

       -I mode
	      enable de-interlacing mode (1-5) [off].

	      1	  "interpolate scanlines"
		  linear  interpolation	 (takes	 the average of the surronding
		  even rows to determine the odd rows), and  copies  the  even
		  rows as is.

	      2	  "handled by encoder"
		  tells	 the  encoding code to handle the fact that the frames
		  are interlaced. Most codecs do not handle this.

	      3	  "zoom to full frame"
		  drops to to half size, then zooms out. This can cause exces‐
		  sive	blurring  which	 is  not always unwanted. On the other
		  hand results are quite good.

	      4	  "drop field / half height"
		  drop every other field and keep half height.

	      5	  "interpolate scanlines / blend frames"
		  linear blend (similar to -vop pp=lb in mplayer)  this,  like
		  linear  blend	 calculates the odd rows as the average of the
		  surrounding even rows, and also calculates the even rows  as
		  an average of the original even rows and also calculates the
		  even rows as an average of the original odd rows  and	 aver‐
		  ages	the  calculated	 and original rows. Something like avg
		  (avg(row1,row3), avg(row2, row4))

       -J filter1[,filter2[,...]]
	      apply external filter plugins  [off].   A	 full-blown  transcode
	      installation has the following filter modules:

	      See the section FILTERS for details.

	      To  see  what  filters  are  available  at  your installation of
	      transcode, execute
		   ls -1 `tcmodinfo -p`/filter*.so
	      Example:

	      transcode [...]
		-J 32detect=force_mode=3,normalize,cut="0-100 300-400"

	      Will  load   the	 32detect   filter   plugin   with   parameter
	      force_mode=3, the volume normalizer and the cut filter.

	      Note:
	      You  can	specify more than one -J argument. The order of filter
	      arguments specify in which order the filters are	applied.  Note
	      also,  for  transcode  internally it makes no difference whether
	      you do "-J filter1 -J filter2" or "-J filter1,filter2"

	      Use 'tcmodinfo -i NAME' to get more information about  the  fil‐
	      ter_NAME. Not all filters support this but most of them do. Some
	      of the filter plugins have additional documentation in the docs/
	      directory.   The	FILTERS	 section documents nearly every filter
	      which might be of use.

       -L n   seek to VOB stream offset nx2kB default [0]
	      This option is  usually  calculated  automatically  when	giving
	      --nav_seek and -c.

       -K     enable black/white by removing colors mode (grayscale) [off].
	      Please  note this does not necessarily lead to a smaller image /
	      better compression.
	      For YUV mode, this is done by emptying the  chroma  planes,  for
	      RGB mode a weightend grayscale value is computed.

       -M mode
	      demuxer PES AV sync modes (0-4) [1].

	      Overview
	      The  demuxer  takes care that the right video frames go together
	      with the right audio frame. This can sometimes be a complex task
	      and transcode tries to aid you as much as possible.
	      WARNING: It does make a difference if you (the user) specifies a
	      demuxer to use or if transcode resp. tcprobe(1) chooses the  one
	      which it thinks is right for your material.
	      This  is	done on purpose to avoid mystic side-effects. So think
	      twice, wether you specify a demuxer or let transcode choose  one
	      or you might end up with an off-sync result.

	      0	  Pass-through.	  Do  not mess with the stream, switch off any
		  synchronization/demuxing process.

	      1	  PTS only (default) Synchronize video and audio by inspecting
		  PTS/DTS  time	 stamps of audio and video. Preferred mode for
		  PAL VOB streams and DVDs.

	      2	  NTSC VOB stream synchronization feature.  This  mode	gener‐
		  ates	synchronization information for transcode by analyzing
		  the frame display time.

	      3	  (like	 -M  1):  sync	AV  at	initial	  PTS,	 but   invokes
		  "-D/--av_fine_ms"  options internally based on "tcprobe" PTS
		  analysis. PTS stands for Presentation Time Stamp.

	      4	  (like -M 2): initial PTS / enforce frame  rate,  with	 addi‐
		  tional frame rate enforcement (for NTSC).

       -N format
	      select  export  format.  Default	is  mp3 for audio, and module-
	      dependant format for video.  This option has two	different  be‐
	      haviours	and  accepts  two  different  set of options, as side-
	      effect of ongoing export module transition.  For old-style  mod‐
	      ules  (current  default,	as found in 1.0.x series), argument is
	      audio format ID has hexadecimal value: see below for a  list  of
	      recognized IDs. Default id, so default format for audio exported
	      track, is MP3 (0x55).
	      If you are using, the transcode's the new-style encode/multiplex
	      modules  (still  under development, see the encode and multiplex
	      directories), argument is a comma-separated pair of export  for‐
	      mat  names.   Use	 tcmodinfo  tool  to  check out what new-style
	      export module support what formats.

	      Available format for old-style behaviour are:

	      0x1     PCM uncompressed audio

	      0x50    MPEG layer-2 aka MP2

	      0x55    MPEG layer-3 aka MP3.  Also have a look at --lame_preset
		      if you intend to do VBR audio.

	      0x2000  AC3 audio

	      0xfffe  OGG/Vorbis audio

       -O     skip  flushing  of  buffers at encoder stop [off, do flushing at
	      each stop].

       -P flag
	      pass-through flag (0=off|1=V|2=A|3=A+V) [0].
	      Pass-through for flag != 1 is broken and not a trivial thing  to
	      fix.

	      You  can	pass-through DV video, AVI files and MPEG2 video. When
	      doing MPEG2 pass-through (together with the -y raw module),  you
	      can  give	 a requantization factor by using -w -- for example -w
	      1.5 -- this will make the MPEG2 stream smaller.

	      The pass-through mode is useful for reconstruction of  a	broken
	      index  of	 an AVI file. The -x ffmpeg import-module analyzes the
	      compressed bitstream and can detect a keyframe for  DIV3,	 MPEG4
	      (DivX,  XviD,  ..)  and  other formats. It then sets an internal
	      flag which the export module will respect when writing the frame
	      out.

       -Q n[,m]
	      encoding[,decoding] quality (0=fastest-5=best) [5,5].

       -R n[,f1[,f2]]
	      enable multi-pass encoding (0-3) [0,divx4.log,pcm.log].

	      0 Constant bitrate (CBR) encoding. [default]
		  The  codec  tries  to	 achieve constant bitrate output. This
		  means, each encoded frame is mostly the same size. This type
		  of  encoding	can  help  in  maintaining constant filling of
		  hardware buffer on set top players or smooth streaming  over
		  networks.  By	 the  way,  Constant bitrate is often obtained
		  sacrifying quality during high motion scenes.

	      1 Variable bitrate encoding: First pass.
		  In this mode, the codec analyses the	complete  sequence  in
		  order	 to  collect data that can improve the distribution of
		  bits in a second VBR pass. The collected data is written  to
		  second sub argument (default: divx4.log). This data is codec
		  dependant and cannot be used across codecs. It  is  strongly
		  advised  to use the same codec settings for the VBR analysis
		  pass and the VBR  encoding  pass  if	you  want  predictable
		  results.

		  The  video  output  of the first pass is not of much use and
		  can grow very large.	It's a good idea to not save the video
		  output  to  a	 file  but directly to /dev/null.  Usually the
		  bitrate is ignored during first pass.

		  Disabling  audio  export  makes  sense  too,	 so   use   -y
		  codec,null.  It  is  not  recommended	 to  disable the audio
		  import because transcode might drop  video  frames  to  keep
		  audio and video in sync. This is not possible when the audio
		  import is disabled. It may lead to the fact that  the	 codec
		  will	see  a	different sequence of frames which effectively
		  renders the log file invalid.

	      2 Variable bitrate encoding: Second pass.
		  The first pass allowed the codec collecting data  about  the
		  complete  sequence.	During the second pass, the codec will
		  use that data in order to find an efficient bit distribution
		  that	respects  both	the  desired  bitrate  and the natural
		  bitrate curve shape. This ensures a good compromise  between
		  quality and desired bitrate.

		  Make	sure you activate both sound and video encoding during
		  this pass.

	      3 Constant quantizer encoding.
		  The quantizer is the "compression level" of the picture. The
		  lower	 the  quantizer	 is,  the higher is the quality of the
		  picture. This mode can help in making sure the  sequence  is
		  encoded  at  constant quality, but no prediction can be made
		  on the final bitrate. When using this mode,  the  -w	option
		  changes its meaning, it now takes the quantizer ranging from
		  1 to 31. Note that constant quantizer encoding is  not  sup‐
		  ported with some codecs (notably mpeg1/2/4 with -y ffmpeg).

       -S unit[,s1-s2]
	      process program stream unit[,s1-s2] sequences [0,all].
	      This  option  is a bit redundant to --psu*. This option lets you
	      specify which units you want to have decoded or  skipped.	 At  a
	      program  stream  unit  boundary,	all (internal) mpeg timers are
	      reset to 0. tcprobe will tell you how  many  units  are  in  one
	      file.

       -T t[,c[,a]]
	      select  DVD title[,chapter[,angle]] [1,1,1]. Only a single chap‐
	      ter is transcoded. Use -T 1,-1 to trancode  all  chapters	 in  a
	      row. You can even specify chapter ranges.

       -U base
	      process DVD in chapter mode to base-ch%02d.avi [off].

       -V format
	      select  video  layout  /	colour	space for internal processing.
	      Possible	values	for  this  options  are:  yuv420p   (default),
	      yuv422p, rgb24

	      yuv420p is default because it is most codecs' internal format so
	      there is no need for conversions. Some modules may  not  support
	      it though: use rgb in that case.

	      rgb24  is	 the old (pre-0.6.13) transcode internal format.  Most
	      codecs do not support this format natively and have  to  convert
	      it  to/from  YUV first, so only use this option if you're really
	      sure or you want to use a module that doesn't support YUV.

	      yuv422p is an experimental feature and a developers  playground.
	      Not  many	 import,  export  and filter modules support this col‐
	      orspace. A 4:2:2 colorspace offers much more  quality  than  the
	      consumer oriented 4:2:0 colorspaces like I420/YV12.  Most equip‐
	      ment in film and video post-production uses YUV422. YUV422  dou‐
	      bles  the precision for chroma (color difference) information in
	      the image.

	      All internal transformations are supported in YUV422 mode (clip‐
	      ping, flipping, zooming, etc).

       -W n,m[,nav_file]
	      autosplit and process part n of m (VOB only) [off]

       -X n[,m,[M]]
	      resize  to height+n*M rows [,width+m*M] columns [off,32]. M must
	      be one of 8, 16 or 32. It makes no difference which M  you  use.
	      You  might  look at the fast flag of the -Z option if you do not
	      want to calculate n and m yourself.

       -Y top[,left[,bottom[,right]]]
	      select (encoder) frame region by clipping border. Negative  val‐
	      ues add a border [off].

       -Z widthxheight[,fast|interlaced]
	      resize  to  width	 columns, height rows with filtering [off,not‐
	      fast,notinterlaced].
	      If fast is given, transcode will calculate the parameters for -X
	      and/or  -B. The option fast can only be used when the import and
	      export geometry of an image is a multiple of 8.

	      In fast mode, a faster but less precise resizing algorithm  will
	      be  used	resulting in a slightly less good quality. Beside this
	      (small) drawback, it is worth a try.

	      If interlaced is given,  transcode  will	assume	the  frame  is
	      interlaced  when	resizing, and resize each field independently.
	      This will give better results on interlaced video, but is incom‐
	      patible with fast mode. Also, the height (both old and new) must
	      be a multiple of 4.

	      It is also possible to omit  width  OR  height.  In  this	 case,
	      transcode	 will  calculate  the  missing	value using the import
	      aspect ratio. The new value will be aligned to be a multiple  of
	      8. Using an additional fast or interlaced is also possible.

	      Examples (assume input is a 16:9 coded file at 720x576):
		 -Z 576x328	      uses filtered zoom.
		 -Z 576x328,fast      uses fast zoom.
		 -Z 576x,fast	      guess 328 and do fast zoom.
		 -Z x328,interlaced   guess 576 and do interlaced zoom.

	      If  you also set --export_prof, you can use just "fast" to indi‐
	      cate that fast resizing is wanted (likewise with "interlaced").

       -a ach[,vch]
	      extract audio[,video] track for encoding.

       -b b[,v,[q,[m]]]
	      audio encoder bitrate kBits/s[,vbr[,quality[,mode]]] [128,0,5,0]

	      The mode parameter specifies which modus	lame  should  use  for
	      encoding.	 Available modes are:

	       0   Joint Stereo (default)

	       1   Full stereo

	       2   Mono

       -c f1-f2[,f3-f4[, ... ] ]
	      encode  only  frames f1-f2 [and f3-f4]. Default is to encode all
	      available frames.	 Use this  and	you'll	get  statistics	 about
	      remaining	 encoding  time. The f[N] parameters may also be time‐
	      codes in the HH:MM:SS.FRAME format. Example:
	      -c 500-0:5:01,:10:20-1:18:02.1

		     Will encode only from frame 500 to 5 minutes and 1 second
		     and  from 10 min, 20 sec to 1 hour, 18 min, 2 sec and one
		     frame.

	      Note that transcode starts counting frames at 0 and excludes the
	      last  frame  specified.  That means that "-c 0-100" will encoded
	      100 frames starting at frame 0 up to frame 99

       -d     swap bytes in audio stream [off].
	      In most cases, DVD PCM audio tracks require  swapping  of	 audio
	      bytes

       -e r[,b[,c]]
	      PCM  audio  stream  parameter. Sample rate [Hz], bits per sample
	      and number of channels [48000,16,2]. Normally  this  is  autode‐
	      tected.

       -f rate[,frc]
	      import  video  frame  rate[,frc]	[25.000,0]. If frc (frame rate
	      code) is specified, transcode will calculate the precise	frames
	      per second internally. Valid values for frc are:

	       1   23.976 (24000/1001.0)

	       2   24

	       3   25

	       4   29.970 (30000/1001.0)

	       5   30

	       6   50

	       7   59.940 (2 * 29.970)

	       8   60

	       9   1

	       10  5

	       11  10

	       12  12

	       13  15

       -g WidthxHeight
	      video stream frame size [720x576].

       -h     print out usage information.

       -i name
	      input  file/directory/device/mountpoint/host  name,  default  is
	      [/dev/zero].

       -j top[,left[,bottom[,right]]]
	      select frame region by clipping border. Negative	values	add  a
	      border [off].

       -k     swap  red/blue  (Cb/Cr) in video frame [off]. Use if people have
	      blue faces.

       -l     mirror video frame [off].

       -m file
	      write audio stream to separate file [off].

       -n 0xnn
	      import audio format id [0x2000]. Normally, this is autodetected.

       -o file
	      output file name, default is [/dev/null].

       -p file
	      read audio stream from separate file [off].

       -q debuglevel
	      possible values for debuglevel:

	      0	  QUIET

	      1	  INFO

	      2	  DEBUG

	      4	  STATS

	      8	  WATCH

	      16  FLIST

	      32  VIDCORE

	      64  SYNC

	      128 COUNTER

	      256 PRIVATE

       -r n[,m]
	      reduce video height/width by n[,m] [off].	 Example:  -r  2  will
	      rescale the framesize of a 720x576 file to 360x288.

       -s gain,[center,[front,[rear]]]
	      increase	volume	of  audio  stream  by gain,[center,front,rear]
	      default [off,1,1,1].

       -t n,base
	      split output to base%03d.avi with n frames [off].

       -u m[,n]
	      use m framebuffer[,n threads] for AV processing [10,1].

       -v     print version.

       -w b[,k[,c]]
	      encoder bitrate[,keyframes[,crispness]]  [(6000  for  MPEG  1/2,
	      1800 for others),250,100].

       --video_max_bitrate b
	      Use  b  as maximal bitrate (kbps) when encoding variable bitrate
	      streams.

       -x vmod[,amod]
	      video[,audio] import modules [auto,auto]. If omitted,  transcode
	      will   probe   for  appropriate  import  modules.	 A  full-blown
	      transcode installation has the following import modules:

	      ac3 - (audio) AC3
		  This module has no compile-time dependencies.	  This	module
		  has  no  run-time  dependencies.  Support for this module is
		  good.
		      decodes AC3 audio	 from  MPEG  program  streams  or  raw
		      streams.
		      Supported	 processing  formats: audio - PCM AC3, video -
		      none

	      avi - (video) * | (audio) *
		  This module has no compile-time dependencies.	  This	module
		  has  no  run-time  dependencies.  Support for this module is
		  good.
		      RGB/PCM from RIFF AVI files.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - RAW (pass-through)
		      PCM, video - RAW (pass-through) RGB YUV YUV420

	      bktr - (video) bktr
		  This	module	has no compile-time dependencies.  This module
		  has no run-time dependencies.	 Support for  this  module  is
		  good.
		      grabs video frames from bktr(4) devices on BSD systems
		      Supported	 processing formats: audio - none, video - RGB
		      YUV YUV420

	      dv - (video) DV | (audio) PCM
		  This module has no compile-time dependencies.	  This	module
		  has  no  run-time  dependencies.  Support for this module is
		  good.
		      Digital Video and PCM audio from RIFF AVI-files  or  raw
		      streams.
		      Supported	 processing  formats: audio - PCM, video - RAW
		      (pass-through) RGB YUV DV YUV420

	      dvd - (video) DVD | (audio) MPEG/AC3/PCM
		  At compile-time libdvdread must be available.	  This	module
		  has  no  run-time  dependencies.  Support for this module is
		  good.
		      on-the-fly DVD transcoding.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - PCM AC3,  video  -
		      RGB YUV

	      ffmpeg - (video) FFmpeg: MSMPEG/MPEG/MJPEG
		  This	module	has no compile-time dependencies.  This module
		  has no run-time dependencies.	 Support for  this  module  is
		  good.
		      interface	 to  ffmpeg library supported video codecs and
		      file formats
		      Supported processing formats: audio - none, video -  RAW
		      (pass-through) RGB YUV

	      im - (video) RGB
		  At  compile-time ImageMagick must be available.  At run-time
		  ImageMagick must be present.	Support	 for  this  module  is
		  fair.
		      interface	  to  ImageMagick  library  supported  picture
		      codecs and file formats  for  making  animations.	 Reads
		      images with a counter pattern.
		      Supported	 processing formats: audio - none, video - RAW
		      (pass-through) RGB

	      imlist - (video) RGB
		  At compile-time ImageMagick must be available.  At  run-time
		  ImageMagick  must  be	 present.   Support for this module is
		  fair.
		      interface	 to  ImageMagick  library  supported   picture
		      codecs  and  file	 formats  for making animations. Reads
		      images from a list.
		      Supported	 processing  formats:  audio  -	  RAW	(pass-
		      through), video - RAW (pass-through) RGB

	      lve - (video/audio) MPEG/VOB/LVE
		  At  compile-time  liblve must be available.  This module has
		  no run-time dependencies.  Support for this module is fair.
		      imports video from an LVE edit list
		      Supported processing formats: audio - PCM, video - YUV

	      lzo - (video) LZO
		  At compile-time lzo must be available.  This module  has  no
		  run-time dependencies.  Support for this module is good.
		      imports  AVI-files  with	LZO  loss-less compression for
		      video.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - RAW (pass-through)
		      PCM, video - RAW (pass-through) RGB YUV

	      mov - (video) * | (audio) *
		  At compile-time libquicktime must be available.  This module
		  has no run-time dependencies.	 Support for  this  module  is
		  good.
		      Quicktime	 file  format, audio/video codecs supported by
		      quicktime4linux.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - PCM, video	-  RAW
		      (pass-through) RGB YUV

	      mp3 - (audio) MPEG
		  This	module	has no compile-time dependencies.  This module
		  has no run-time dependencies.	 Support for  this  module  is
		  good.
		      MPEG audio from program streams or raw streams.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - PCM, video - none

	      mpeg2 - (video) MPEG2
		  This	module	has no compile-time dependencies.  This module
		  has no run-time dependencies.	 Support for  this  module  is
		  good.
		      video  track  from  MPEG program streams or raw streams,
		      extracted and decoded by mpeg2dec.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - none, video -  RAW
		      (pass-through) RGB YUV

	      mplayer  -  (video)  rendered  by	 mplayer | (audio) rendered by
	      mplayer
		  This module has no compile-time dependencies.	  At  run-time
		  mplayer must be present.  Support for this module is fair.
		      interface	 to  Mplayer  for decoding unsupported codecs,
		      exotic file formats or more ore less broken sources.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - PCM, video	-  RAW
		      (pass-through) RGB YUV

	      null - (video) null | (audio) null
		  This	module	has no compile-time dependencies.  This module
		  has no run-time dependencies.	 Support for  this  module  is
		  fair.
		      dummy module, reads from /dev/zero.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - none, video - none

	      nuv - (video) YUV | (audio) PCM
		  At  compile-time  liblzo must be available.  This module has
		  no run-time dependencies.  Support for this module is fair.
		      interface to NuppelVideo file format.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - PCM, video - YUV

	      ogg - (video) all | (audio) Ogg Vorbis
		  This module has no compile-time dependencies.	  This	module
		  has  no  run-time  dependencies.  Support for this module is
		  good.
		      decodes Ogg Vorbis audio streams.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - RAW (pass-through)
		      PCM, video - RAW (pass-through) RGB YUV

	      raw - (video) RGB/YUV | (audio) PCM
		  This	module	has no compile-time dependencies.  This module
		  has no run-time dependencies.	 Support for  this  module  is
		  fair.
		      RGB/PCM from RIFF AVI/WAVE files or raw streams.
		      Supported	 processing  formats: audio - PCM, video - RGB
		      YUV YUV420

	      sunau - (audio) pcm
		  This module has no compile-time dependencies.	  This	module
		  has  no  run-time  dependencies.  Support for this module is
		  good.
		      grabs raw PCM audio from audio(4) devices	 on  some  BSD
		      systems
		      Supported processing formats: audio - PCM, video - none

	      v4l - (video) v4l | (audio) PCM
		  This	module	has no compile-time dependencies.  This module
		  has no run-time dependencies.	 Support for  this  module  is
		  fair.
		      interface	 for  grabbing sound/video from v4l devices on
		      linux systems.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - PCM, video	-  RGB
		      YUV

	      v4l2 - (video) v4l2 | (audio) pcm
		  This	module	has no compile-time dependencies.  This module
		  has no run-time dependencies.	 Support for  this  module  is
		  good.
		      interface	 for grabbing sound/video from v4l2 devices on
		      linux systems. prefered over import_v4l.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - PCM, video	-  RGB
		      YUV YUV420

	      vnc - (video) VNC
		  This	module	has no compile-time dependencies.  At run-time
		  vncrec must be present.  Support for this module is fair.
		      imports video from the vncrec program.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - none, video -  RAW
		      (pass-through) RGB YUV

	      vob - (video) MPEG-2 | (audio) MPEG/AC3/PCM | (subtitle)
		  This	module	has no compile-time dependencies.  This module
		  has no run-time dependencies.	 Support for  this  module  is
		  good.
		      MPEG/AC3	program	 streams  in VOB files (found on unen‐
		      crypted/ripped DVDs).
		      Supported processing formats: audio - PCM AC3,  video  -
		      RAW (pass-through) RGB YUV

	      xml - (video) * | (audio) *
		  At  compile-time  libxml2  must  be  available.  At run-time
		  libxml2 must be present.  Support for this module is fair.
		      interface to XML files with file listing and frame range
		      produced by kino.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - RAW (pass-through)
		      PCM, video - RAW (pass-through) RGB YUV DV

	      yuv4mpeg - (video) YUV4MPEGx | (audio) WAVE
		  This module has no compile-time dependencies.	  This	module
		  has  no  run-time  dependencies.  Support for this module is
		  good.
		      YUV from video streams produced by mjpegtools (YUV4MPEG)
		      and RIFF WAVE pcm audio.
		      Supported	 processing  formats: audio - PCM, video - RGB
		      YUV

	      To see what your transcode has, do a
	      ls -1 `tcmodinfo -p`/import*.so

	      It is possible to pass option strings to import modules like  to
	      filter  modules.	The average user does not this feature and not
	      many    modules	 support    it.	   The	  syntax     is	    -x
	      vmod=options,amod=options
	      Example
		-x rawlist=uyvy,null
	      To  tell	the  rawlist  import module (which reads images from a
	      list of files) the colour space of the images.

       -y vmod[,amod[,mmod]]
	      video[,audio[,multiplex]] export modules	[null].	  If  omitted,
	      transcode will encode to the null module.	 If a multiplex module
	      is given, transcode will use the new-style encode/multiplex mod‐
	      ules  (still  under  development,	 see  the encode and multiplex
	      directories); if no multiplex module is given,  the  traditional
	      export modules will be used.
	      A	 full-blown  transcode	installation  has the following export
	      modules:

	      ac3 - (video) null | (audio) ac3
		  This module has no compile-time dependencies.	  At  run-time
		  ffmpeg must be present.  Support for this module is good.
		      Encodes audio (raw PCM) to AC3 via the ffmpeg binary.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - PCM, video - none

	      af6 - (video) Win32 dll | (audio) MPEG/AC3/PCM
		  At  compile-time  libavifile must be available.  At run-time
		  libavifile and win32codecs must  be  present.	  Support  for
		  this module is good.
		      Interface to the avifile library which allows the use of
		      win32codec on the linux-x86 platform.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - RAW (pass-through)
		      PCM AC3, video - RGB YUV

	      divx5 - (video) DivX 5.xx | (audio) MPEG/AC3/PCM
		  At  compile-time  libmp3lame (only for MPEG audio layer III)
		  must be available.  At run-time divx4linux (new) and	libdi‐
		  vxencore.so  must  be	 present.   Support for this module is
		  good.
		      Encodes MPEG4 video  using  the  closed-source  binaries
		      from divx.com to an AVI container.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - RAW (pass-through)
		      PCM AC3, video - RGB YUV

	      dv - (video) Digital Video | (audio) MPEG/AC3/PCM
		  At compile-time libdv and libmp3lame (only  for  MPEG	 audio
		  layer	 III)  must  be	 available.  At run-time libdv must be
		  present.  Support for this module is good.
		      Encodes DV into an AVI container. DV is a	 codec	devel‐
		      oped by Sony and is often used in digital camcorders.
		      Supported	 processing  formats: audio - PCM AC3, video -
		      RGB YUV

	      dvraw - (video) Digital Video | (audio) PCM
		  At compile-time libdv must be available.  At run-time	 libdv
		  must be present.  Support for this module is good.
		      Encodes  DV  into	 a DV file. DV is a codec developed by
		      Sony and is often used in digital camcorders. A  raw  DV
		      file can be played back into the camcorder.
		      Supported	 processing  formats: audio - PCM, video - RAW
		      (pass-through) RGB YUV YUV422

	      ffmpeg - (video) * | (audio) MPEG/AC3/PCM
		  At compile-time libmp3lame (only for MPEG audio  layer  III)
		  must	be  available.	 This module has no run-time dependen‐
		  cies.	 Support for this module is good.
		      Encodes many different formats to both AVI and raw. Sup‐
		      ported  are  mpeg1video, mpeg2video, mpeg4, mjpeg, h263,
		      h263p, wmv1, wmv2, rv10, msmpeg4, msmpeg4v2, huffyuv and
		      dvvideo.
		      Supported	 processing  formats: audio RAW (pass-through)
		      PCM AC3, video - RGB YUV YUV422

	      im - (video) * | (audio) MPEG/AC3/PCM
		  At compile-time libImageMagick must be available.  This mod‐
		  ule  has  no run-time dependencies.  Support for this module
		  is good.
		      Encodes  image  sequences	 by  using   the   ImageMagick
		      library.	ImageMagick is able to handle a lot of differ‐
		      ent image formats such as png, jpg, miff, tiff, etc. Use
		      -F to select the desired format.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - RAW (pass-through)
		      PCM, video - RGB YUV

	      jpg - (video) * | (audio) MPEG/AC3/PCM
		  At compile-time libjpeg must be available.  This module  has
		  no run-time dependencies.  Support for this module is good.
		      Encodes  jpg  image sequences using libjpeg. Faster than
		      ImageMagick. Use -F to select the compression quality.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - RAW (pass-through)
		      PCM, video - RGB YUV

	      lame - (audio) MPEG 1/2
		  At  compile-time  libmp3lame (only for MPEG audio layer III)
		  must be  available.	At  run-time  lame  and	 sox  must  be
		  present.  Support for this module is good.
		      An  audio-only encoder which drives the lame binary. The
		      tool sox is used to do resampling if  required.  Encodes
		      to a MP3 file.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - PCM, video - none

	      lzo - (video) LZO real-time compression | (audio) MPEG/AC3/PCM
		  At  compile-time  liblzo and libmp3lame (only for MPEG audio
		  layer III) must be available.	 This module has  no  run-time
		  dependencies.	 Support for this module is good.
		      Encodes  video  using  a	loss-less real-time LZO codec.
		      This codec is a homegrown invention of transcode and  is
		      intended	as an intermediate storage format. MPlayer can
		      playback LZO-based AVI files as well.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - RAW (pass-through)
		      PCM AC3, video - RAW (pass-through) RGB YUV DV

	      mov - (video) * | (audio) *
		  At compile-time libquicktime must be available.  At run-time
		  libquicktime must be present.	 Support for  this  module  is
		  fair.
		      Interface to the quicktime library.
		      Supported	 processing  formats: audio - PCM, video - RAW
		      (pass-through) RGB YUV YUV422 YUY2

	      mp2 - (video) null | (audio) MPEG 1/2
		  This module has no compile-time dependencies.	  At  run-time
		  ffmpeg  and sox must be present.  Support for this module is
		  good.
		      Encodes audio (raw PCM) to MPEG 1 Layer 2 audio aka mp2.
		      Additionaly  it can change the speed of the audio stream
		      by a factor you can specify. See docs/export_mp2.txt.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - PCM, video - none

	      mp2enc - (audio) MPEG 1/2
		  At compile-time mjpegtools must be available.	  At  run-time
		  mp2enc must be present.  Support for this module is good.
		      Drives   the   mp2enc   binary   and   writes   an   MP2
		      (MPEG1-Layer2) file. Useful for when encoding to SVCD to
		      be multiplexed with mplex after encoding.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - PCM, video - none

	      mpeg2enc - (video) MPEG 1/2
		  At  compile-time  mjpegtools must be available.  At run-time
		  mpeg2enc must be present.  Support for this module is good.
		      Drives the mpeg2enc binary. mpeg2enc is a	 very  feature
		      rich  MPEG  encoder, have a look at its manpage. Encodes
		      generic mpeg1, VCD, SVCD, MPEG2 and DVD type video.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - none, video -  RGB
		      YUV

	      null - (video) null | (audio) null
		  This	module	has no compile-time dependencies.  This module
		  has no run-time dependencies.	 Support for  this  module  is
		  good.
		      Data sink. Does nothing else than discarding data.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - none, video - none

	      ogg - (video) null | (audio) ogg
		  This	module	has no compile-time dependencies.  At run-time
		  oggenc must be present.  Support for this module is good.
		      Drives the oggenc binary. Encodes	 an  Ogg/Vorbis	 file.
		      Resamples.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - PCM, video - none

	      ppm - (video) PPM/PGM | (audio) MPEG/AC3/PCM
		  This	module	has no compile-time dependencies.  This module
		  has no run-time dependencies.	 Support for  this  module  is
		  good.
		      Writes  an image sequence of PGM or PPM files. PPM is an
		      old format and there are several tools around to manipu‐
		      late such files.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - RAW (pass-through)
		      PCM AC3, video - RGB YUV

	      pvm - (video) * | (audio) *
		  At compile-time libpvm3 must be available.  At run-time  pvm
		  must be present.  Support for this module is good.
		      Meta  module.  It	 allows	 transcode to be used in a PVM
		      cluster. See docs/export_pvm.txt
		      Supported processing formats: audio - RAW (pass-through)
		      PCM  AC3,	 video	- RAW (pass-through) RGB YUV DV YUV422
		      YUY2

	      raw - (video) * | (audio) MPEG/AC3/PCM
		  This module has no compile-time dependencies.	  This	module
		  has  no  run-time  dependencies.  Support for this module is
		  good.
		      Can write uncompressed streams to an AVI file as well as
		      raw  mpeg2  files in pass-through mode. The image format
		      for uncompressed streams can be selected with -F (use -F
		      help to see available formats).
		      Supported processing formats: audio - RAW (pass-through)
		      PCM AC3, video - RAW (pass-through) RGB YUV DV YUV422

	      toolame - (audio) MPEG 1/2
		  This module has no compile-time dependencies.	  At  run-time
		  toolame and sox must be present.  Support for this module is
		  good.
		      Drives the toolame binary to create  MP2	audio  tracks.
		      Sox is used for resampling if requested.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - PCM, video - none

	      wav - (audio) WAVE PCM
		  This	module	has no compile-time dependencies.  This module
		  has no run-time dependencies.	 Support for  this  module  is
		  good.
		      Creates  WAVE  PCM  files	 with  interleaved  audio  for
		      stereo.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - PCM, video	-  RAW
		      (pass-through) RGB YUV

	      xvid4  -	(video)	 XviD  1.0.x  series  (aka  API 4.0) | (audio)
	      MPEG/AC3/PCM
		  At compile-time libmp3lame (only for MPEG audio  layer  III)
		  must	be  available.	 At  run-time libxvidcore.so.4 must be
		  present.  Support for this module is good.
		      Encodes MPEG4 video using	 the  library  available  from
		      xvid.org.	 Check	out the library from xvidcvs using cvs
		      -d :pserver:anonymous@cvs.xvid.org:/xvid co  -rdev-api-4
		      xvidcore.	 There is also a tool available to create con‐
		      figuration   files   for	 this	 xvid	 version    at
		      http://zebra.fh-weingarten.de/transcode/xvid4conf.   The
		      output can either be an AVI file or a  MPEG4  elementary
		      stream (with -F raw).
		      Supported processing formats: audio - RAW (pass-through)
		      PCM AC3, video - RGB YUV YUV422

	      yuv4mpeg - (video) YUV4MPEG2 | (audio) MPEG/AC3/PCM
		  At compile-time mjpegtools must be available.	  This	module
		  has  no  run-time  dependencies.  Support for this module is
		  good.
		      Writes the uncompressed raw YUV data in a YUV4MPEG  for‐
		      mat as used by the lav* and mjpeg* tools.
		      Supported processing formats: audio - RAW (pass-through)
		      PCM AC3, video - RGB YUV

	      To see what your transcode has, do a
	      ls -1 `tcmodinfo -p`/export*.so

	      It is possible to pass option strings to export modules like  to
	      filter modules.  The syntax is
	      -y vmod=options,amod=options

       -z     flip video frame upside down [off].

       --accel type
	      enforce  experimental  IA32  acceleration for type [autodetect].
	      type may be one of

	      C	      No acceleration

	      ia32asm plain x86 assembly

	      mmx

	      3dnow

	      sse

	      sse2

       --avi_limit N
	      split/rotate output AVI file after N MB [2048].

       --avi_comments F
	      Read AVI header comments from file F [off].
	      The AVI file format supports so-called tomb-stone data.  It  can
	      be used to write annotations into the AVI file.

	      See  the file docs/avi_comments.txt for a sample input file with
	      all tags.	 When the file is read, empty lines and lines starting
	      with  '#'	 are  ignored.	The syntax is: "TAG<space>STRING". The
	      order of the tags does not matter. If a tag has no  string  fol‐
	      lowing  it,  it  is  ignored.  That  means, you can use the file
	      docs/avi_comments.txt as input and only fill out the fields  you
	      want.

	      A very simple example is:
	       ----------------snip----------------
	       INAM My 1st Birthday
	       ISBJ My first steps!
	       IART My proud family
	       ----------------snip----------------
	      Keep  in	mind that there is no endless space in the AVI header,
	      most likely its around 1000 bytes.

       --zoom_filter string
	      use filter string for video resampling -Z [Lanczos3]
	      The following filters are available:

	       Bell

	       Box

	       Lanczos3 (default)

	       Mitchell

	       Hermite

	       B_spline

	       Triangle

       --cluster_percentage
	      use percentage mode for cluster encoding -W [off]

       --cluster_chunks a-b
	      process chunk range instead of selected chunk [off]

       --export_asr C
	      set export aspect ratio code C [as input] Valid codes for C are:

	       1      1:1

	       2      4:3

	       3      16:9

	       4      2.21:1

       --export_prof S

	      WARNING: this option will be renamed  as	'--export_profile'  in
	      future releases.

	      Select	an    export	profile	  {vcd,	  svcd,	  xvcd,	  dvd}
	      [-pal|-ntsc|-secam]
	      Default is no profile.

	      If you set  this	meta  option  to  one  of  the	values	below,
	      transcode will adjust some internal paramaters as well as geome‐
	      try and clipping. If no export modules are  specified,  mpeg2enc
	      for  video  and  mp2enc  for  audio  are used when compiled with
	      mjpegtools support.

	      Valid values for S are e.g. vcd, vcd-pal, vcd-ntsc, svcd,	 svcd-
	      pal, ...

	      xvcd  profile  is	 equal to svcd except that it allows for up to
	      9000 Kbps video bitrate (default is 5000)	 and  arbitrary	 audio
	      samplerate.

	      When  one	 of  the  above	 is used, transcode will calculate the
	      needed clipping and resizing values for you based on the	import
	      and export aspect ratio. This is especially handy if you want to
	      encode a 16:9 DVD into a 4:3 SVCD for example.  Transcode inter‐
	      nally  then  sets	 --pre_clip to add the black bars ("letterbox‐
	      ing").

	      If you use "vcd" instead of "vcd-pal" or	"vcd-ntsc",  transcode
	      will  make  an  educated guess if PAL or NTSC vcd is wanted. The
	      same is true for the other profiles. When the input file has  no
	      aspect  ratio  information at all, transcode guesses it based on
	      the import frame sizes. You can set the import aspect  ratio  by
	      giving --import_asr CODE.

	      Examples (assume input is a 16:9 coded file at 720x576 (PAL)):

		 --export_prof svcd	 clip top/bot -96; resizes to 480x576
		 --export_prof vcd-ntsc	 clip top/bot -96; resizes to 352x240

	      This  enables  simpilified commandlines where transcode tries to
	      set sensible values for mpeg export. When you don't  specify  an
	      export module with -y, mpeg2enc will be used.

		 transcode -i vob/ --export_prof svcd -Z fast -o test

	      The  ffmpeg  export  module `-y ffmpeg' does support profiles as
	      well. The module tries to be  smart  and	sets  internal	ffmpeg
	      parameters  which	 are otherwise quite tricky to find out. Usage
	      is similar to the above

		 transcode -i vob/ --export_prof dvd -y ffmpeg -o test -m test.ac3
		 tcmplex -m d -i test.m2v -p test.ac3 -o test.mpg

       --export_par C[,N]
	      set export pixel aspect ratio to C[,N]
	      To encode anamorphic material, transcode can encode  the	target
	      pixel  aspect ratio into the file. This is NOT the actual aspect
	      ratio of the image, but only the amount by  which	 every	single
	      pixel is stretched when played with an aspect ratio aware appli‐
	      cation, like mplayer.

	      To encode at non standard aspect ratios, set both C and  N  E.g.
	      to  make	every  pixel twice as high as it's wide (e.g. to scale
	      back to normal size after deinterlacing by dropping every second
	      line).

	      If  C  and  N  are  specified, the value set for C does give the
	      pixel aspect ratio of the width and N the one for the height  If
	      only C is specified, the table below applies.

	      Valid codes for C are

	      1	  1:1  No stretching

	      2	  12:11	    5:4 image to 4:3  (ex: 720x576 ->  768x576)

	      3	  10:11	    3:2 image to 4:3  (ex: 720x480 ->  640x480)

	      4	  16:11	    5:4 image to 16:9 (ex: 720x576 -> 1024x576)

	      5	  40:33	    3:2 image to 16:9 (ex: 720x480 ->  872x480)

       --import_asr C
	      set import aspect ratio code C [autoprobed]

	      Valid codes for C are

	      1	  1:1

	      2	  4:3

	      3	  16:9

	      4	  2.21:1

       --keep_asr
	      try to keep aspect ratio (only with -Z) [off]
	      The  --keep_asr  options	changes the meaning of -Z. It tries to
	      fit the video into a framesize specified by -Z  by  keeping  the
	      original aspect ratio.
	      +----------------+			    +---480-----+
	      |		       |			    | black	|
	      |720x306 = 2.35:1| -> -Z 480x480 --keep_asr ->|-----------4
	      |		       |			    | 480x204	8
	      +----------------+			    |-----------0
							    | black	|
							    +-----------+
	      Consider	--keep_asr a wrapper for calculating -Y options and -Z
	      options

       --mplayer_probe
	      use external mplayer  binary  to	probe  stream,	reset  default
	      import modules as mplayer ones [off]
	      Default  is  to  use  internal  probing code.  Using this option
	      without mplayer import modules (-x mplayer) can lead  to	unpre‐
	      dictable and possibly wrong results.

       --quantizers min,max
	      set  encoder  min/max  quantizer.	 This  is meaningfull only for
	      video codecs of MPEG family. For	other  kind  of	 codecs,  this
	      options is harmless. [2,31]

       --divx_rc p,rp,rr
	      divx encoder rate control parameter [2000,10,20]

       --divx_vbv_prof N
	      divx5 encoder VBV profile (0=free-5=hiqhq) [3]
	      Sets  a  predefined profile for the Video Bitrate Verifier. If N
	      is set to zero, no profile is applied  and  the  user  specified
	      values from --divx_vbv are used.

	      Valid profiles

	      0	  Free/No profile     ( Use supplied values )

	      1	  Handheld  ( 320, 16, 3072 )

	      2	  Portable  ( 1920, 64, 12288 )

	      3	  Home Theatre	 ( 10000, 192, 36864 )

	      4	  High Definition     ( 20000, 384, 73728 )

       --divx_vbv br,sz,oc
	      divx5 encoder VBV params (bitrate,size,occup.) [10000,192,36864]
	      These  parameters are normally set through the profile parameter
	      --divx_vbv_prof. Do not mess with theses value  unless  you  are
	      absolutely sure of what you are doing. Transcode internally mul‐
	      tiplicates  vbv_bitrate  with  400,  vbv_size  with  16384   and
	      vbv_occupancy  with  64 to ensure the supplied values are multi‐
	      ples of what the encoder library wants.

       --export_fps rate[,frc]
	      set export frame rate (and code) [as input].Valid values for frc
	      are

	      frc  rate

	      1	  23.976    (24000/1001.0)

	      2	  24

	      3	  25

	      4	  29.970    (30000/1001.0)

	      5	  30

	      6	  50

	      7	  59.940    (2 * 29.970)

	      8	  60

	      9	  1

	      10  5

	      11  10

	      12  12

	      13  15

       --export_frc F
	      set export frame rate code F [as input]
	      obsolete, use --export_fps 0,F

       --hard_fps
	      disable smooth dropping (for variable fps clips) [off]
	      see /docs/framerate.txt for more information.

       --pulldown
	      set MPEG 3:2 pulldown flags on export [off]

       --antialias_para w,b
	      center pixel weight, xy-bias [0.333,0.500]

       --no_audio_adjust
	      disable internal audio frame sample adjustment [off]

       --no_bitreservoir
	      disable lame bitreservoir for MP3 encoding [off]

       --config_dir dir
	      Assume config files are in this dir
	      This  only  affects the -y ffmpeg and -y xvid4 modules. It gives
	      the path where the modules search for their configuration.

       --lame_preset name[,fast]
	      use lame preset with name. [off]
	      Lame features some built-in presets. Those presets are  designed
	      to provide the highest possible quality.	They have for the most
	      part been subject to and tuned via rigorous listening  tests  to
	      verify and achieve this objective. These are continually updated
	      to coincide with the latest developments that  occur  and	 as  a
	      result should provide you with nearly the best quality currently
	      possible from LAME.
	      Any of those VBR presets can also be used in  fast  mode,	 using
	      the  new	vbr  algorithm.	 This  mode is faster, but its quality
	      could be a little lower. To enable the fast mode, append ",fast"

	      <N kbps>	   Using this preset will usually give you good	 qual‐
			   ity	at  a  specified  bitrate.   Depending	on the
			   bitrate entered, this  preset  will	determine  the
			   optimal  settings  for  that	 particular situation.
			   While this approach works,  it  is  not  nearly  as
			   flexible  as	 VBR,  and  usually will not reach the
			   same quality level as VBR at higher bitrates. ABR.

	      medium	   This preset should  provide	near  transparency  to
			   most	 people	 on  most music. The resulting bitrate
			   should be in the 150-180kbps	 range,	 according  to
			   music complexity. VBR.

	      standard	   This preset should generally be transparent to most
			   people on most music and is already quite  high  in
			   quality.   The  resulting  bitrate should be in the
			   170-210kbps range, according to  music  complexity.
			   VBR.

	      extreme	   If  you  have  extremely  good  hearing and similar
			   equipment, this preset will provide slightly higher
			   quality  than  the  "standard" mode.	 The resulting
			   bitrate should be in the 200-240kbps range, accord‐
			   ing to music complexity. VBR.

	      insane	   This	 preset will usually be overkill for most peo‐
			   ple and most situations, but if you must  have  the
			   absolute  highest  quality  with no regard to file‐
			   size, this is the way to go.	 This  preset  is  the
			   highest preset quality available.  320kbps CBR.

	      (taken from http://www.mp3dev.org/mp3/doc/html/presets.html)

       --av_fine_ms t
	      AV fine-tuning shift t in millisecs [autodetect]
	      also see -D.

       --nav_seek file
	      use VOB or AVI navigation file [off].
	      Generate	a  nav	file with tcdemux -W >nav_log for VOB files or
	      with aviindex(1) for AVI files.

       --psu_mode
	      process VOB in PSU, -o is a filemask incl. %d [off].  PSU	 means
	      Program  Stream  Unit  and this mode is useful for (mostly) NTSC
	      DVDs which have several program stream units.

       --psu_chunks a-b
	      process only selected units a-b for PSU mode [all]

       --no_split
	      encode to single file in chapter/psu/directory mode [off]
	      If you don't give this option, you'll end up with several	 files
	      in  one  of  the	above mentioned modes. It is still possible to
	      merge them with avimerge(1).

       --pre_clip t[,l[,b[,r]]]
	      select initial frame region by clipping border [off]

       --post_clip t[,l[,b[,r]]]
	      select final frame region by clipping border [off]

       --a52_drc_off
	      disable liba52 dynamic range compression [enabled]
	      If you dont specify this option, liba52 will provide the default
	      behaviour,  which is to apply the full dynamic range compression
	      as specified in the A/52 stream. This basically makes  the  loud
	      sounds  softer, and the soft sounds louder, so you can more eas‐
	      ily listen to the stream in a noisy environment without disturb‐
	      ing anyone.

	      If you let it enabled this this will totally disable the dynamic
	      range compression and provide a playback more adapted to a movie
	      theater or a listening room.

       --a52_demux
	      demux AC3/A52 to separate channels [off]

       --a52_dolby_off
	      disable liba52 dolby surround [enabled]
	      selects  whether	the  output  is plain stereo (if the option is
	      set) or if it is Dolby Pro Logic - also called Dolby surround or
	      3:1 - downmix (if the option is not used).

       --no_log_color
	      disable colored log messages.
	      By default transcode use colors in log messages in order to eas‐
	      ily distinguish message classes. That behaviour can be  problem‐
	      atic  if output of transcode is a file or a pipe, so this option
	      came handful.

       --dir_mode base
	      process directory contents to base-%03d.avi [off]

       --frame_interval N
	      select only every Nth frame to be exported [1]

       --encode_fields C
	      enable field based encoding (if supported) [off]
	      This option takes an argument if given to denote	the  order  of
	      fields.  If  the option is not given, it defaults to progressive
	      (do not assume the picture is interlaced)

		     Valid codes for C are:

	      p	  progressive

	      t	  top-field first

	      b	  bottom-field first

       --dv_yuy2_mode, --dv_yv12_mode
	      Indicates that  libdv  decodes  Digital  Video  frames  in  YUY2
	      (packed) or YV12 (planar) mode, respectively. Normally transcode
	      figures out the correct mode automatically, but if  you  try  to
	      transcode	 PAL DV files and the results look strange, try one of
	      these options.

       --write_pid file
	      write pid of signal thread to file [off] Enables you  to	termi‐
	      nate  transcode  cleanly	by  sending a SIGINT (2) to the pid in
	      file. Please note file will be overwritten. Usage example

	       $ transcode ... --write_pid /tmp/transcode.pid &
	       $ kill -2 `cat /tmp/transcode.pid`

       --nice N
	      set niceness to N [off]
	      The option --nice which renices transcode to the given  positive
	      or negative value. -10 sets a high priority; +10 a low priority.
	      This might be useful for cluster mode.

       --progress_meter N
	      select type of progress meter [1]
	      Selects the type of progress message printed by transcode:
		  0: no progress meter
		  1: standard progress meter
		  2: raw progress data (written to standard output)
	      Scripts that need progress data should use  type	2,  since  the
	      format of type 1 is subject to change without notice.

       --progress_rate N
	      print progress every N frames [1]
	      Controls	how  frequently the status message is printed (every N
	      frames).

       --socket FILE
	      Open a socket to accept commands while running. See tcmodinfo(1)
	      and  /docs/filter-socket.txt for more information about the pro‐
	      tocol.

FILTERS
       The syntax for filter options is simple. A filter is specified with
	       -J filter=optionstring
       The optionstring can contain multiple options which  are	 separated  by
       colons `:´
	       -J filter=option1:option2:option3
       An option can have an argument or non (bool). For options with an argu‐
       ment, the format in which the argument has to be given to the option is
       specified  in  a	 printf(1)  like  string. The most common case is `%d'
       which simply means a number. The argument has to be seperated from  the
       option by a `=´.
	       -J filter=bool1:option1=15:option2=20x30
       Most  filters  try  to do the right thing with the default options. You
       should play with various parameters if you are not satisfied  with  the
       default	behaviour.  If	you  have no idea what a filter does, its very
       likely that you don't need it.

       If a filter takes (for eg.) a filename as an argument, make  sure  that
       the  filename  does not contain a `:' or a `='. Its a limitation of the
       parser. A comma `,' is possible but must be extra quoted. For the  text
       filter that is
	       -J text=string="Hello\, World"

       29to23 - frame rate conversion filter (interpolating 29 to 23)
	   29to23  was	written by Max Alekseyev, Tilmann Bitterberg. The ver‐
	   sion documented here is v0.3 (2003-07-18). This is a video  filter.
	   It can handle RGB and YUV mode. It is a pre-processing only filter.

       32detect - 3:2 pulldown / interlace detection plugin
	   32detect  was  written  by  Thomas.	The version documented here is
	   v0.2.4 (2003-07-22). This is a video filter. It can handle RGB  and
	   YUV	mode. It supports multiple instances and can run as a pre-pro‐
	   cessing and/or as a post-processing filter.

	   · threshold = %d  [default 9]
	      Interlace detection threshold
	   · chromathres = %d  [default 4]
	      Interlace detection chroma threshold
	   · equal = %d	 [default 10]
	      threshold for equal colors
	   · chromaeq = %d  [default 5]
	      threshold for equal chroma
	   · diff = %d	[default 30]
	      threshold for different colors
	   · chromadi = %d  [default 15]
	      threshold for different chroma
	   · force_mode = %d  [default 0]
	      set internal force de-interlace flag with mode -I N
	   · pre = %d  [default 1]
	      run as pre filter
	   · verbose (bool)
	      show results

		  This filter checks for interlaced video frames.   Subsequent
		  de-interlacing   with	  transcode   can   be	enforced  with
		  'force_mode' option

       32drop - 3:2 inverse telecine removal plugin
	   32drop was written by Thomas Oestreich. The version documented here
	   is v0.4 (2003-02-01). This is a video filter. It can handle RGB and
	   YUV mode. It is a pre-processing only filter.

       aclip - generate audio clips from source
	   aclip was written by Thomas Oestreich. The version documented  here
	   is  v0.1.1  (2003-09-04).  This is a audio filter. It is a pre-pro‐
	   cessing only filter.

	   · level = %d	 [default 10]
	      The audio must be under this level to be skipped
	   · range = %d	 [default 25]
	      Number of samples over level will be keyframes

       astat - audio statistics filter plugin
	   astat was written by Thomas Oestreich. The version documented  here
	   is  v0.1.3  (2003-09-04).  This is a audio filter. It is a pre-pro‐
	   cessing only filter.

	   · file = %s
	      File to save the calculated volume rescale number to

       compare - compare with other image to find a pattern
	   compare was written by Antonio Beamud. The version documented  here
	   is  v0.1.2  (2003-08-29). This is a video filter. It can handle RGB
	   and YUV mode. It supports multiple instances. It is a post-process‐
	   ing only filter.

	   · pattern = %s
	      Pattern image file path
	   · results = %s
	      Results file path
	   · delta = %f	 [default 45.000000]
	      Delta error

		  Generate  a file in with information about the times, frame,
		  etc the pattern defined in the image parameter is observed.

	   The format of the command file is framenumber followed by at	 least
	   one	whitespace  followed  by  the command followed by at least one
	   whitespace followed by arguments for the command.  Empty lines  and
	   lines  starting  with  a `#' are ignored. The frame numbers must be
	   sorted ascending.

		 # Example file
		 # At frame 10 load the smooth filter
		 10 load smooth
		 # reconfigure at 20
		 20 configure smooth=strength=0.9
		 99 disable smooth

       cpaudio - copy one audio channel to the other channel filter plugin
	   cpaudio was written by William H  Wittig.  The  version  documented
	   here	 is  v0.1  (2003-04-30). This is a audio filter. It is a post-
	   processing only filter.

	   · source = %c  [default l]
	      Source channel (l=left, r=right)

		  Copies audio from one channel to another

       decimate - NTSC decimation plugin
	   decimate was written by Thanassis Tsiodras. The version  documented
	   here	 is  v0.4  (2003-04-22). This is a video filter. It can handle
	   YUV mode only. It is a post-processing only filter.

	   · verbose (bool)
	      print verbose information

		  see /docs/README.Inverse.Telecine.txt

       denoise3d - High speed 3D Denoiser
	   denoise3d was written by Daniel Moreno & A'rpi. The	version	 docu‐
	   mented  here is v1.0.6 (2003-12-20). This is a video filter. It can
	   handle YUV mode only. It supports multiple  instances.  It  can  be
	   used as a pre-processing or as a post-processing filter.

	   · luma = %f	[default 4.000000]
	      spatial luma strength
	   · chroma = %f  [default 3.000000]
	      spatial chroma strength
	   · luma_strength = %f	 [default 6.000000]
	      temporal luma strength
	   · chroma_strength = %f  [default 4.000000]
	      temporal chroma strength
	   · pre = %d  [default 0]
	      run as a pre filter

		  What: The denoise3d filter from mplayer (sibling of hqdn3d).
		  Works very crude and simple but also very fast. In  fact  it
		  is  even  faster than the original from mplayer as I managed
		  to tweak some things (a.o. zero frame copying).

		  Who: Everyone who wants to have their captured frames	 thor‐
		  oughly  denoised  (i.e. who want to encode to mpeg or mjpeg)
		  but do not have enough processing power to real-time	encode
		  AND use hqdn3d (better quality but a lot slower) or dnr (yet
		  slower), not to mention the other denoisers  that  are  even
		  slower.  Quality  is	really	good for static scenes (if fed
		  with the right parameters), moving objects may show a little
		  ghost-image (also depends on parameters) though. Your milage
		  may vary.

		  How: Parameters are the same as the hqdn3d module,  although
		  in  practice you'll not end up with exactly the same values.
		  Just experiment.  Particular for this version of the	filter
		  is  that  if	you supply -1 to either component's parameters
		  (luma/chroma), that  component  will	not  have  the	filter
		  applied  to.	If  you're still short on CPU cycles, try dis‐
		  abling the luma filter, this will not make  much  difference
		  in the effectiveness of the filter!

       detectclipping - detect clipping parameters (-j or -Y)
	   detectclipping  was	written by Tilmann Bitterberg, A'rpi. The ver‐
	   sion documented here is v0.1.0 (2003-11-01). This is a  video  fil‐
	   ter. It can handle RGB and YUV mode. It supports multiple instances
	   and can run as a pre-processing and/or as a post-processing filter.

	   · range = %u-%u/%d  [default 0-4294967295/1]
	      apply filter to [start-end]/step frames
	   · limit = %d	 [default 24]
	      the sum of a line must be below this limit to be	considered  as
	      black
	   · post (bool)
	      run as a POST filter (calc -Y instead of the default -j)

		  Detect  black	 regions  on top, bottom, left and right of an
		  image.  It is suggested that the filter is  run  for	around
		  100  frames.	 It  will  print its detected parameters every
		  frame. If you don't notice any change in the printout for  a
		  while, the filter probably won't find any other values.  The
		  filter converges, meaning it will learn.

       detectsilence - audio silence detection with tcmp3cut commandline  gen‐
       eration
	   detectsilence  was written by Tilmann Bitterberg. The version docu‐
	   mented here is v0.0.1 (2003-07-26). This is a audio filter. It is a
	   pre-processing only filter.

       divxkey - check for DivX 4.xx / OpenDivX / DivX;-) keyframe
	   divxkey  was	 written  by  Thomas Oestreich. The version documented
	   here is v0.1 (2002-01-15). This is a video filter. It is a pre-pro‐
	   cessing only filter.

       dnr - dynamic noise reduction
	   dnr	was  written by Gerhard Monzel. The version documented here is
	   v0.2 (2003-01-21). This is a video filter. It can  handle  RGB  and
	   YUV mode. It is a post-processing only filter.

	   · lt = %d  [default 10]
	      Threshold to blend luma/red
	   · ll = %d  [default 4]
	      Threshold to lock luma/red
	   · ct = %d  [default 16]
	      Threshold to blend croma/green+blue
	   · cl = %d  [default 8]
	      Threshold to lock croma/green+blue
	   · sc = %d  [default 30]
	      Percentage of picture difference (scene change)

		  see /docs/filter_dnr.txt (german only)

       doublefps - double frame rate by deinterlacing fields into frames
	   doublefps was written by Andrew Church. The version documented here
	   is v1.1 (2006-05-14). This is a video and audio filter. It can han‐
	   dle YUV and YUV422 modes. It is a pre-processing only filter.

	   · topfirst = %d  [default 0 when height=480, else 1]
	      Assume top field is displayed first
	   · fullheight = %d  [default 0]
	      Output full-height frames

	   Doubles the frame rate of interlaced video by separating each field
	   into a separate frame.  The fields can either be left as is (giving
	   a  progessive  video	 with  half the height of the original) or re-
	   interlaced into their original height (at the doubled  frame	 rate)
	   for the application of a separate deinterlacing filter.

	   Note	 that  due to transcode limitations, it is currently necessary
	   to use the -Z option to specify the output frame  size  when	 using
	   half-height	mode (this does not slow the program down if no actual
	   zooming is done).

       extsub - DVD subtitle overlay plugin
	   extsub was written by Thomas Oestreich. The version documented here
	   is  0.3.5  (2003-10-15).  This is a video filter. It can handle RGB
	   and YUV mode. It can be used as a pre-processing or as a  post-pro‐
	   cessing filter.

	   · track = %d	 [default 0]
	      Subtitle track to render
	   · vertshift = %d  [default 0]
	      offset of subtitle with respect to bottom of frame in rows
	   · timeshift = %d  [default 0]
	      global display start time correction in msec
	   · antialias = %d  [default 1]
	      anti-aliasing the rendered text (0=off,1=on)
	   · pre = %d  [default 1]
	      Run as a pre filter
	   · color1 = %d  [default 0]
	      Make a subtitle color visible with given intensity
	   · color2 = %d  [default 0]
	      Make a subtitle color visible with given intensity
	   · ca = %d  [default 0]
	      Shuffle the color assignment by choosing another subtitle color
	   · cb = %d  [default 0]
	      Shuffle the color assignment by choosing another subtitle color

       fieldanalysis - Field analysis for detecting interlace and telecine
	   fieldanalysis  was written by Matthias Hopf. The version documented
	   here is v1.0 pl1 (2004-08-13). This is a video filter. It can  han‐
	   dle RGB,YUV and YUV422 mode. It is a pre-processing only filter.

	   · interlacediff = %f	 [default 1.1]
	      Minimum temporal inter-field difference for detecting interlaced
	      video
	   · unknowndiff = %f  [default 1.5]
	      Maximum inter-frame change vs. detail differences for neglecting
	      interlaced video
	   · progressivediff = %f  [default 8]
	      Minimum  inter-frame change vs. detail differences for detecting
	      progressive video
	   · progressivechange = %f  [default 0.2]
	      Minimum temporal change needed for detecting progressive video
	   · changedifmore = %f	 [default 10]
	      Minimum temporal change for detecting truly changed frames
	   · forcetelecinedetect = %d  [default 0]
	      Detect telecine even on non-NTSC (29.97fps) video
	   · verbose = %d  [default 0]
	      Output analysis for every frame
	   · outdiff = %d  [default 0]
	      Output internal debug frames as  luminance  of  YUV  video  (see
	      source)

       fields - Field adjustment plugin
	   fields  was written by Alex Stewart. The version documented here is
	   v0.1.1 (2003-01-21). This is a video filter. It can handle RGB  and
	   YUV mode. It is a pre-processing only filter.

	   · flip (bool)
	      Exchange the top field and bottom field of each frame
	   · shift (bool)
	      Shift the video by one field
	   · flip_first (bool)
	      Normally	shifting  is  performed	 before	 flipping, this option
	      reverses that

		  The 'fields' filter is designed to shift, reorder, and  gen‐
		  erally  rearrange  independent fields of an interlaced video
		  input.  Input retrieved  from	 broadcast  (PAL,  NTSC,  etc)
		  video	 sources  generally  comes in an interlaced form where
		  each pass from top to bottom of the  screen  displays	 every
		  other	 scanline,  and	 then the next pass displays the lines
		  between the lines from the first pass.  Each pass  is	 known
		  as  a	 "field"  (there  are generally two fields per frame).
		  When this form of video is captured  and  manipulated	 digi‐
		  tally,  the  two  fields  of	each  frame are usually merged
		  together into one flat (planar) image per frame.  This  usu‐
		  ally	produces  reasonable results, however there are condi‐
		  tions which can cause this merging to	 be  performed	incor‐
		  rectly  or  less-than-optimally,  which is where this filter
		  can help.

		  The following options are supported for  this	 filter	 (they
		  can be separated by colons):

		    shift - Shift the video by one field (half a frame),
			    changing frame boundaries appropriately.  This is
			    useful if a video capture started grabbing video
			    half a frame (one field) off from where frame
			    boundaries were actually intended to be.

		    flip  - Exchange the top field and bottom field of each
			    frame.  This can be useful if the video signal was
			    sent "bottom field first" (which can happen
			    sometimes with PAL video sources) or other
			    oddities occurred which caused the frame
			    boundaries to be at the right place, but the
			    scanlines to be swapped.

		    flip_first
			  - Normally shifting is performed before flipping if
			    both are specified.	 This option reverses that
			    behavior.  You should not normally need to use
			    this unless you have some extremely odd input
			    material, it is here mainly for completeness.

		    help  - Print this text.

		  Note: the 'shift' function may produce slight color discrep‐
		  ancies if YV12 is used as the internal transcode video  for‐
		  mat (default).  This is because YV12 does not contain enough
		  information to do field  shifting  cleanly.  For  best  (but
		  slower) results, use RGB mode for field shifting.

       fps - convert video frame rate, gets defaults from -f and --export_fps
	   fps	was written by Christopher Cramer. The version documented here
	   is v1.1 (2004-05-01). This is a video filter. It can handle RGB and
	   YUV	mode. It can be used as a pre-processing or as a post-process‐
	   ing filter.

		  options: <input fps>:<output fps> example:  -J  fps=25:29.97
		  will	convert	 from  PAL  to	NTSC  If no options are given,
		  defaults or -f/--export_fps/--export_frc will be used.  Some
		  examples:

		       -J  fps=10:5:pre		 convert from 10 fps to 5 fps,
		  preprocess	  -J fps=10:post:12   convert from 10  to  12,
		  postprocess	    -J	fps=pre=1:7:5	 convert  from 7 to 5,
		  postprocess	   -J fps=9:3.1:post=-0x7   convert from 9  to
		  3.1, postprocess

		  If  that last one is confusing you, remember that 0 is false
		  and everything else is true. Of course, octal and  hexadeci‐
		  mal numbers are supported too.  This is intended to be back‐
		  ward compatible with the old format.

       hqdn3d - High Quality 3D Denoiser
	   hqdn3d was written by Daniel Moreno & A'rpi. The version documented
	   here	 is v1.0.2 (2003-08-15). This is a video filter. It can handle
	   YUV mode only. It supports multiple instances. It can be used as  a
	   pre-processing or as a post-processing filter.

	   · luma = %f	[default 4.000000]
	      spatial luma strength
	   · chroma = %f  [default 3.000000]
	      spatial chroma strength
	   · luma_strength = %f	 [default 6.000000]
	      temporal luma strength
	   · chroma_strength = %f  [default 4.500000]
	      temporal chroma strength
	   · pre = %d  [default 0]
	      run as a pre filter

		  This	filter	aims  to  reduce  image noise producing smooth
		  images and making still images  really  still	 (This	should
		  enhance compressibility).

       invert - invert the image
	   invert  was	written	 by Tilmann Bitterberg. The version documented
	   here is v0.1.4 (2003-10-12). This is a video filter. It can	handle
	   RGB,YUV and YUV422 mode. It is a post-processing only filter.

	   · range = %u-%u/%d  [default 0-4294967295/1]
	      apply filter to [start-end]/step frames

       ivtc - NTSC inverse telecine plugin
	   ivtc was written by Thanassis Tsiodras. The version documented here
	   is v0.4.1 (2004-06-01). This is a video filter. It can  handle  YUV
	   mode only. It is a pre-processing only filter.

	   · verbose (bool)
	      print verbose information
	   · field = %d	 [default 0]
	      which field to replace (0=top 1=bottom)
	   · magic = %d	 [default 0]
	      perform magic? (0=no 1=yes)

		  see /docs/README.Inverse.Telecine.txt

       levels - Luminosity level scaler
	   levels was written by Bryan Mayland. The version documented here is
	   v1.0.0 (2004-06-09). This is a video filter. It can handle YUV mode
	   only.  It supports multiple instances. It is a post-processing only
	   filter.

	   · input = %d-%d  [default 0-255]
	      input luma range (black-white)
	   · gamma = %f	 [default 1.000000]
	      input luma gamma
	   · output = %d-%d  [default 0-255]
	      output luma range (black-white)

       logo - render image in videostream
	   logo was written by Tilmann Bitterberg. The version documented here
	   is  v0.10  (2003-10-16).  This is a video filter. It can handle RGB
	   and YUV mode. It is a post-processing only filter.

	   · file = %s
	      Image filename
	   · posdef = %d  [default 0]
	      Position (0=None, 1=TopL, 2=TopR, 3=BotL, 4=BotR, 5=Center)
	   · pos = %dx%d  [default 0x0]
	      Position (0-width x 0-height)
	   · range = %u-%u  [default 0-0]
	      Restrict rendering to framerange
	   · ignoredelay (bool)
	      Ignore delay specified in animations
	   · rgbswap (bool)
	      Swap red/blue colors
	   · grayout (bool)
	      YUV only: don't write Cb and Cr, makes a nice effect
	   · flip (bool)
	      Mirror image

		  This filter renders an user specified image into the	video.
		  Any  image  format ImageMagick can read is accepted.	Trans‐
		  parent images are also supported.  Image origin  is  at  the
		  very top left.

		  see /docs/filter_logo.txt

       logoaway - remove an image from the video
	   logoaway was written by Thomas Wehrspann <thomas@wehrspann.de>. The
	   version documented here is v0.5 (2004-03-07). This is a video  fil‐
	   ter.	 It  can handle RGB and YUV mode. It is a post-processing only
	   filter. It supports multiple instances.

	   · range = %d-%d  [default 0-4294967295]
	      Frame Range
	   · pos = %dx%d  [default -1x-1]
	      Position of logo
	   · size = %dx%d  [default -2x-2]
	      Size of logo
	   · mode = %d	[default 0]
	      Filter Mode (0=none,1=solid,2=xy,3=shape)
	   · border (bool)
	      Visible Border
	   · dump (bool)
	      Dump filterarea to file
	   · xweight = %d  [default 50]
	      X-Y Weight(0%-100%)
	   · fill = %2x%2x%2x  [default 000]
	      Solid Fill Color(RGB)
	   · file = %s
	      Image with alpha/shape information

		  This filter removes an image in a user specified  area  from
		  the video.  You can choose from different methods.

		  see /docs/filter_logoaway.txt

       lowpass - High and low pass filter
	   lowpass  was	 written by Tilmann Bitterberg. The version documented
	   here is v0.1.0 (2002-02-26). This is a audio filter. It is  a  pre-
	   processing only filter.

	   · taps = %d	[default 30]
	      strength (may be negative)

       mask - Filter through a rectangular Mask
	   mask	 was written by Thomas Oestreich, Chad Page. The version docu‐
	   mented here is v0.2.3 (2003-10-12). This is a video filter. It  can
	   handle RGB,YUV and YUV422 mode. It is a pre-processing only filter.

	   · lefttop = %dx%d  [default 0x0]
	      Upper left corner of the box
	   · rightbot = %dx%d  [default 32x32]
	      Lower right corner of the box

		  This	filter	applies	 an  rectangular  mask	to  the video.
		  Everything outside the mask is set to black.

       modfps - plugin to modify framerate
	   modfps was written by Marrq. The version documented here  is	 v0.10
	   (2003-08-18).  This	is  a  video filter. It can handle RGB and YUV
	   mode. It is a pre-processing only filter.

	   · mode = %d	[default 1]
	      mode of operation
	   · infps = %f	 [default 25.000000]
	      Original fps
	   · infrc = %d	 [default 0]
	      Original frc
	   · examine = %d  [default 5]
	      How many frames to buffer
	   · subsample = %d  [default 32]
	      How many pixels to subsample
	   · clonetype = %d  [default 0]
	      How to clone frames
	   · verbose = %d  [default 1]
	      run in verbose mode

		  This filter aims to allow transcode  to  alter  the  fps  of
		  video.   While one can reduce the fps to any amount, one can
		  only increase the fps to at most twice the original fps.

		  There are two modes of operation, buffered  and  unbuffered,
		  unbuffered  is quick, but buffered, especially when dropping
		  frames should look better.

		  For most users, modfps will need either no options, or  just
		  mode=1

		  see /docs/README.filter.modfps

       msharpen - VirtualDub's MSharpen Filter
	   msharpen  was written by Donald Graft, William Hawkins. The version
	   documented here is (1.0) (2003-07-17). This is a video  filter.  It
	   can handle RGB and YUV mode. It is a post-processing only filter.

	   · strength = %d  [default 100]
	      How much	of the effect
	   · threshold = %d  [default 10]
	      How  close  a pixel must be to the brightest or dimmest pixel to
	      be mapped
	   · highq = %d	 [default 1]
	      Tradeoff speed for quality of detail detection
	   · mask = %d	[default 0]
	      Areas to be sharpened are shown in white

		  This plugin implements an unusual concept in spatial	sharp‐
		  ening.   Although  designed  specifically for anime, it also
		  works well with normal video. The filter is  very  effective
		  at sharpening important edges without amplifying noise.

		    * Strength 'strength' (0-255) [100]
		      This  is the strength of the sharpening to be applied to
		  the edge detail areas. It is applied only to the edge detail
		  areas	 as  determined by the 'threshold' parameter. Strength
		  255 is the strongest sharpening.
		    * Threshold 'threshold' (0-255) [10]
		      This parameter  determines  what	is  detected  as  edge
		  detail  and  thus  sharpened.	 To see what edge detail areas
		  will be sharpened, use the 'mask' parameter.
		    * Mask 'mask' (0-1) [0]
		      When set to true, the areas to be sharpened are shown in
		  white	 against a black background. Use this to set the level
		  of detail to be sharpened. This function also makes a	 basic
		  edge detection filter.
		    * HighQ 'highq' (0-1) [1]
		      This  parameter  lets  you tradeoff speed for quality of
		  detail detection. Set it to true for the best detail	detec‐
		  tion. Set it to false for maximum speed.

       normalize - Volume normalizer
	   normalize  was written by pl, Tilmann Bitterberg. The version docu‐
	   mented here is v0.1.1 (2002-06-18). This is a audio filter. It is a
	   pre-processing only filter.

	   · smooth = %f  [default 0.06]
	      Value for smoothing ]0.0 1.0[
	   · smoothlast = %f  [default 0.06]
	      Value for smoothing last sample ]0.0, 1.0[
	   · algo = %d	[default 1]
	      Algorithm	 to  use (1 or 2). 1=uses a 1 value memory and coeffi‐
	      cients new=a*old+b*cur (with a+b=1).   2=uses several samples to
	      smooth the variations (standard weighted mean on past samples)

       null - demo filter plugin; does nothing
	   null	 was  written by Thomas Oestreich. The version documented here
	   is v0.2 (2003-09-04). This is a video and audio filter. It  can  be
	   used as a pre-processing or as a post-processing filter.

       pp - Mplayers postprocess filters
	   pp  was  written  by Michael Niedermayer et al, Gerhard Monzel. The
	   version documented here is v1.2.4 (2003-01-24).  This  is  a	 video
	   filter.   It	 can  handle  YUV  mode	 only.	It  supports  multiple
	   instances. It can be used as a pre-processing or as a post-process‐
	   ing filter.

	   · hb = %d:%d	 [default 64:40]
	      Horizontal deblocking filter
	   · vb = %d:%d	 [default 64:40]
	      Vertical deblocking filter
	   · h1 (bool)
	      Experimental h deblock filter 1
	   · v1 (bool)
	      Experimental v deblock filter 1
	   · dr (bool)
	      Deringing filter
	   · al (bool)
	      Automatic brightness / contrast
	   · f (bool)
	      Stretch luminance to (0..255)
	   · lb (bool)
	      Linear blend deinterlacer
	   · li (bool)
	      Linear interpolating deinterlace
	   · ci (bool)
	      Cubic interpolating deinterlacer
	   · md (bool)
	      Median deinterlacer
	   · de (bool)
	      Default preset (hb:a/vb:a/dr:a/al)
	   · fa (bool)
	      Fast preset (h1:a/v1:a/dr:a/al)
	   · tn = %d:%d:%d  [default 64:128:256]
	      Temporal Noise Reducer (1<=2<=3)
	   · fq = %d  [default 15]
	      Force quantizer
	   · pre (bool)
	      Run as a PRE filter

       preview - xv/sdl/gtk preview plugin
	   preview  was	 written  by  Thomas Oestreich. The version documented
	   here is v0.1.4 (2002-10-08). This is a video filter. It can	handle
	   RGB and YUV mode. It is a post-processing only filter.

		  XXX: Write me

       pv - xv only preview plugin
	   pv was written by Thomas Oestreich, Tilmann Bitterberg. The version
	   documented here is v0.2.3 (2004-06-01). This is a video filter.  It
	   can	handle	YUV and YUV422 mode. It is a post-processing only fil‐
	   ter.

	   · cache = %d	 [default 15]
	      Number of raw frames to cache for seeking
	   · skip = %d	[default 0]
	      display only every Nth frame
	   · fullscreen (bool)
	      Display in fullscreen mode

		  The filter listens to mouse and key strokes.	If  you	 click
		  into	the  preview window, the first time say near the upper
		  left corner and the second time near the lower right corner,
		  transcode will draw a rectangle and will print out the coor‐
		  dinates of this rectangle on stdout and the socket. See  the
		  table below for available keys.

		  When you start transcode with the --socket option and the pv
		  filter with (for example) cache=20 you can talk to transcode
		  and the pv filter at runtime using the socket.

		  transcode -i file.avi -J pv=cache=30 --socket /tmp/sock

		  Available Commands

		  Key  Socket*	 Effect

		  RET	  draw redraws the image, applying filters.

		  u	  undo goes to image before draw

		  SPACE	  pause	    pause the preview (and transcode)

		  UP	  fastfw    in pause mode, step forward 5 frames

		  RIGHT	  slowfw    in pause mode, step forward 1 frame

		  DOWN	  fastbw    in pause mode, step back 5 frames

		  LEFT	  slowbw    in pause mode, step back 1 frame

		  q	  display   toggle display of frames

		  s	  slower    slow down

		  f	  faster    speed up

		  y	  toggle    toggle displaying only every 5 frames

		  j	  grab save a JPEG

		  r	  rotate    rotate AVI file after next keyframe

		      (*)  all	commands must be prefixed with "preview
		      ".

       resample - audio resampling filter plugin
	   resample was written by Thomas Oestreich.  The  version  documented
	   here	 is  v0.1.4 (2003-08-22). This is a audio filter. It is a pre-
	   processing only filter.

       skip - skip all listed frames
	   skip was written by Thomas Oestreich. The version  documented  here
	   is  v0.0.1  (2001-11-27). This is a video and audio filter. It is a
	   pre-processing only filter.

	   · fstart1-fend1 [ fstart2-fend2 [ .. ] ] = %s
	      apply filter [start-end] frames

       slowmo - very cheap slow-motion effect
	   slowmo was written by Tilmann Bitterberg.  The  version  documented
	   here	 is  v0.3  (2003-29-11). This is a video filter. It can handle
	   RGB and YUV mode. It is a pre-processing only filter.

		  This filter produces a simple slow-motion effect  by	dupli‐
		  cating  certain  frames.  I  have seen this effect on TV and
		  despite its the simple algorithm it works  quite  well.  The
		  filter has no options.

       smartbob - Motion-adaptive deinterlacing for double-frame-rate output.
	   smartbob  was written by Donald Graft, Tilmann Bitterberg. The ver‐
	   sion documented here is v1.1beta2 (2003-06-23).  This  is  a	 video
	   filter.  It	can  handle  RGB and YUV mode. It is a post-processing
	   only filter.

	   · motionOnly = %d  [default 0]
	      Show motion areas only
	   · shiftEven = %d  [default 0]
	      Blend instead of interpolate in motion areas
	   · threshold = %d  [default 12]
	      Motion Threshold
	   · denoise = %d  [default 1]
	      Phase shift

		  This filter only makes sense when fed by -J  doublefps.   It
		  will	take  the field-frames which filter_doublefps produces
		  and generates full-sized motion adaptive deinterlaced output
		  at the double import framerate.

       smartdeinter - VirtualDub's smart deinterlacer
	   smartdeinter	 was  written  by Donald Graft. The version documented
	   here is v2.7b (2003-02-01). This is a video filter. It  can	handle
	   RGB and YUV mode. It is a pre-processing only filter.

	   · motionOnly = %d  [default 0]
	      Show motion areas only
	   · Blend = %d	 [default 0]
	      Blend instead of interpolate in motion areas
	   · threshold = %d  [default 15]
	      Motion Threshold
	   · scenethreshold = %d  [default 100]
	      Scene Change Threshold
	   · fieldShift = %d  [default 0]
	      Phase shift
	   · inswap = %d  [default 0]
	      Field swap before phase shift
	   · outswap = %d  [default 0]
	      Field swap after phase shift
	   · noMotion = %d  [default 0]
	      Disable motion processing
	   · highq = %d	 [default 0]
	      Motion map denoising for field-only
	   · diffmode = %d  [default 0]
	      Motion Detection (0=frame, 1=field, 2=both)
	   · colordiff = %d  [default 1]
	      Compare color channels instead of luma
	   · cubic = %d	 [default 0]
	      Use cubic for interpolation

		  This	filter	provides  a  smart, motion-based deinterlacing
		  capability. In static picture areas,	interlacing  artifacts
		  do  not  appear, so data from both fields is used to provide
		  full detail. In moving areas, deinterlacing is performed

       smartyuv - Motion-adaptive deinterlacing
	   smartyuv was written by Tilmann Bitterberg. The version  documented
	   here	 is  0.1.4 (2003-10-13). This is a video filter. It can handle
	   YUV mode only. It is a pre-processing only filter.

	   · motionOnly = %d  [default 0]
	      Show motion areas only, blacking out static areas
	   · diffmode = %d  [default 0]
	      Motion Detection (0=frame, 1=field, 2=both)
	   · threshold = %d  [default 14]
	      Motion Threshold (luma)
	   · chromathres = %d  [default 7]
	      Motion Threshold (chroma)
	   · scenethres = %d  [default 31]
	      Threshold for detecting scenechanges
	   · highq = %d	 [default 1]
	      High-Quality processing (motion Map denoising)
	   · cubic = %d	 [default 1]
	      Do cubic interpolation
	   · Blend = %d	 [default 1]
	      Blend the frames for deinterlacing
	   · doChroma = %d  [default 1]
	      Enable chroma processing (slower but more accurate)
	   · verbose = %d  [default 0]
	      Verbose mode

		  This filter is basically a rewrite of the smartdeinter  fil‐
		  ter  by  Donald  Graft (without advanced processing options)
		  for YUV mode only. Its faster than using the smartdeinter in
		  YUV  mode  and is also tuned with its threshold settings for
		  YUV mode. The filter detects motion and static areas	in  an
		  image	 and only deinterlaces (either by blending or by cubic
		  interpolation) the moving areas. The result is an image with
		  high detail in static areas, no information is lost there.

		  The  threshold  settings should be sufficent for most users.
		  As a rule of thumb, I recommend setting the chroma threshold
		  to  about  the  half of the luma threshold. If you want more
		  deinterlacing, lower the thresholds. The scene threshold can
		  be  easily  found by turning on verbose mode and the preview
		  filter. In verbose mode, the filter will print out, when  it
		  detects  a  scene  change.  If scenechanges go by unnoticed,
		  lower the scene threshold. You can completly disable	chroma
		  processing  with  the	 doChroma=0  option.  Here is a sample
		  commandline

		  -J	 smartyuv=highq=1:diffmode=2:cubic=1:Blend=1:chromath‐
		  res=4:threshold=8:doChroma=1

       smooth - (single-frame) smoothing plugin
	   smooth  was	written	 by  Chad Page. The version documented here is
	   v0.2.3 (2003-03-27). This is a video filter. It can handle YUV mode
	   only.  It  is  a  pre-processing  only filter. It supports multiple
	   instances.

	   · strength = %f  [default 0.25]
	      Blending factor
	   · cdiff = %d	 [default 6]
	      Max difference in chroma values
	   · ldiff = %d	 [default 8]
	      Max difference in luma value
	   · range = %d	 [default 4]
	      Search Range

		  "single-frame" means it only works with the  current	frame,
		  it  does  not need the next or the previous frame for opera‐
		  tion. Usually smoothing is done by talking the data of  pre‐
		  vious	 frames into account to see which parts of the picture
		  can be "safely" smoothed, this filter only needs one frame.

	   Usage -J subtitler="[no_objects] [subtitle_file=s]  [color_depth=n]
	   [font_dir=s]	  [font=n]   [font_factor=f  [frame_offset=n]  [debug]
	   [help]" f is float, h is hex, n is integer, s is string.

	   no_objects		disables subtitles and other objects (off).
	   color_depth=		32 or 24 (overrides X auto) (32).
	   font=		0 or 1, 1 gives strange symbols... (0).
	   font_dir=		place where font.desc is (~/.subtitles/font).
	   font_factor=		.1 to 100 outline characters (10.75).
	   frame_offset=	positive (text later)  or  negative  (earlier)
	   integer (0).
	   subtitle_file=	  pathfilename.ppml   location	of  ppml  file
	   (~/.subtitles/demo.ppml).
	   debug		prints debug messages (off).
	   help			prints this list and exit.

       testframe - generate stream of testframes
	   testframe was written by Thomas Oestreich. The  version  documented
	   here	 is v0.1.3 (2003-09-04). This is a video filter. It can handle
	   RGB and YUV mode. It is a pre-processing only filter.

	   · mode = %d	[default 0]
	      Choose the test pattern (0-4 interlaced, 5 colorfull)

       text - write text in the image
	   text was written by Tilmann Bitterberg. The version documented here
	   is  v0.1.4  (2004-02-14). This is a video filter. It can handle RGB
	   and YUV mode. It is a post-processing only filter.

	   · range = %u-%u/%d  [default 0-4294967295/1]
	      apply filter to [start-end]/step frames
	   · string = %s
	      text to display (no ':') [defaults to `date`]
	   · font = %s
	      full path to font file [defaults to arial.ttf]
	   · points = %d  [default 25]
	      size of font (in points)
	   · dpi = %d  [default 96]
	      resolution of font (in dpi)
	   · fade = %d	[default 0]
	      fade in/out (0=off, 1=slow, 10=fast)
	   · antialias = %d  [default 1]
	      Anti-Alias text (0=off 1=on)
	   · pos = %dx%d  [default 0x0]
	      Position (0-width x 0-height)
	   · posdef = %d  [default 0]
	      Position (0=None 1=TopL 2=TopR 3=BotL 4=BotR 5=Cent 6=BotCent)
	   · notransparent (bool)
	      disable transparency (enables block box)

		  see /docs/filter_text.txt

       tomsmocomp - Tom's MoComp deinterlacing filter
	   tomsmocomp was written by Tom Barry et al.. The version  documented
	   here	 is  v0.1  (2004-07-31). This is a video filter. It can handle
	   YUV and YUV422 mode. It is a pre-processing only filter.

	   · TopFirst = %d  [default 1]
	      Assume the top field should be displayed first
	   · SearchEffort = %d	[default 15]
	      CPU time used to find moved pixels
	   · UseStrangeBob = %d	 [default 0]
	      ?Unknown?
	   · CpuFlags = %x  [default 5f]
	      Manual specification of CPU capabilities

       unsharp - unsharp mask & gaussian blur
	   unsharp was written by Remi Guyomarch. The version documented  here
	   is  v1.0.1  (2003-10-27). This is a video filter. It can handle YUV
	   mode only. It is a post-processing only filter.

	   · amount = %f  [default 0.0]
	      Luma and chroma (un)sharpness amount
	   · matrix = %dx%d  [default 0x0]
	      Luma and chroma search matrix size
	   · luma = %f	[default 0.0]
	      Luma (un)sharpness amount
	   · chroma = %f  [default 0.0]
	      Chroma (un)sharpness amount
	   · luma_matrix = %dx%d  [default 0x0]
	      Luma search matrix size
	   · chroma_matrix = %dx%d  [default 0x0]
	      Chroma search matrix size
	   · pre = %d  [default 0]
	      run as a pre filter

		  This filter blurs or sharpens an image depending on the sign
		  of  "amount".	 You  can  either set amount for both luma and
		  chroma or you can set it individually (recommended). A posi‐
		  tive	value  for  amount  will sharpen the image, a negative
		  value will blur it. A sane range for amount is -1.5 to 1.5.

		  The matrix sizes must be odd and define  the	range/strength
		  of the effect. Sensible ranges are 3x3 to 7x7.

		  It sometimes makes sense to sharpen the sharpen the luma and
		  to blur the chroma. Sample string is:

		  luma=0.8:luma_matrix=7x5:chroma=-0.2:chroma_matrix=3x3

       whitebalance - White Balance Filter -  correct  images  with  a	broken
       white balance
	   whitebalance was written by Guillaume Cottenceau. The version docu‐
	   mented here is v0.1 (2003-10-01). This is a video  filter.  It  can
	   handle RGB and YUV mode. It is a pre-processing only filter.

	   · level = %d	 [default 40]
	      Level of blue-to-yellow white balance shifting (can be negative)
	   · limit = %s
	      Limit to specified ranges (+fnumber toggles on, -fnumber toggles
	      off)

		  This filter allows correcting movies	with  a	 broken	 white
		  balance, e.g. bluish movies.

       xharpen - VirtualDub's XSharpen Filter
	   xharpen  was	 written by Donald Graft, Tilmann Bitterberg. The ver‐
	   sion documented here is (1.0b2) (2003-02-12). This is a video  fil‐
	   ter.	 It  can handle RGB and YUV mode. It is a post-processing only
	   filter.

	   · strength = %d  [default 200]
	      How much	of the effect
	   · threshold = %d  [default 255]
	      How close a pixel must be to the brightest or dimmest  pixel  to
	      be mapped

		  This	filter performs a subtle but useful sharpening effect.
		  The result is a  sharpening  effect  that  not  only	avoids
		  amplifying  noise,  but  also	 tends to reduce it. A welcome
		  side effect is that files processed with this filter tend to
		  compress to smaller files.

		    Strength 'strength' (0-255) [200]
		      When  this  value	 is 255, mapped pixels are not blended
		  with the original pixel values, so a full-strength effect is
		  obtained.  As	 the  value  is	 reduced, each mapped pixel is
		  blended with more of the original pixel. At a	 value	of  0,
		  the  original	 pixels	 are  passed  through  and there is no
		  sharpening effect.

		    Threshold 'threshold' (0-255) [255]
		      This value determines how close a pixel must be  to  the
		  brightest  or dimmest pixel to be mapped. If a pixel is more
		  than threshold away from the brightest or dimmest pixel,  it
		  is not mapped.  Thus, as the threshold is reduced, pixels in
		  the mid range start to be spared.

       yuvdenoise - mjpegs YUV denoiser
	   yuvdenoise was written by Stefan  Fendt,  Tilmann  Bitterberg.  The
	   version  documented	here  is  v0.2.1 (2003-11-26). This is a video
	   filter. It can handle YUV mode only. It can be used as  a  pre-pro‐
	   cessing or as a post-processing filter.

	   · radius = %d  [default 8]
	      Search radius
	   · threshold = %d  [default 5]
	      Denoiser threshold
	   · pp_threshold = %d	[default 4]
	      Pass II threshold
	   · delay = %d	 [default 3]
	      Average 'n' frames for a time-lowpassed pixel
	   · postprocess = %d  [default 1]
	      Filter internal postprocessing
	   · luma_contrast = %d	 [default 100]
	      Luminance contrast in percent
	   · chroma_contrast = %d  [default 100]
	      Chrominance contrast in percent.
	   · sharpen = %d  [default 125]
	      Sharpness in percent
	   · deinterlace = %d  [default 0]
	      Force deinterlacing
	   · mode = %d	[default 0]
	      [0]: Progressive [1]: Interlaced [2]: Fast
	   · scene_thres = %d%%	 [default 50]
	      Blocks where motion estimation should fail before scenechange
	   · block_thres = %d  [default 1024]
	      Every SAD value greater than this will be considered bad
	   · do_reset = %d  [default 2]
	      Reset the filter for `n' frames after a scene
	   · increment_cr = %d	[default 2]
	      Increment Cr with constant
	   · increment_cb = %d	[default 2]
	      Increment Cb with constant
	   · border = %dx%d-%dx%d  [default 0x0-32x32]
	      Active image area
	   · pre = %d  [default 0]
	      run this filter as a pre-processing filter

		  see /docs/filter_yuvdenoise.txt

       yuvmedian - mjpegs YUV median filter
	   yuvmedian was written by Mike Bernson, Tilmann Bitterberg. The ver‐
	   sion documented here is v0.1.0 (2003-01-24). This is a  video  fil‐
	   ter.	 It can handle YUV mode only. It can be used as a pre-process‐
	   ing or as a post-processing filter.

	   · radius_luma = %d  [default 2]
	      Radius for median (luma)
	   · radius_chroma = %d	 [default 2]
	      Radius for median (chroma)
	   · threshold_luma = %d  [default 2]
	      Trigger threshold (luma)
	   · threshold_chroma = %d  [default 2]
	      Trigger threshold (chroma)
	   · interlace = %d  [default 0]
	      Treat input as interlaced
	   · pre = %d  [default 1]
	      Run as a PRE filter

ENVIRONMENT
       TRANSCODE_NO_LOG_COLOR
	      if set, forces the colored logging off  for  all	the  tools  of
	      transcode suite.

NOTES
       *      Most source material parameter are auto-detected.

       *      Clipping region options are expanded symmetrically.  Examples:

	      -j 80 will be expanded to -j 80,0,80,0

	      -j 80,8 will be expanded to -j 80,8,80,8

	      -j 80,8,10 will be expanded to -j 80,8,10,8

       *      maximum image size is 1920x1088.

       *      The video frame operations ordering is fixed: "-j -I -X -B -Z -Y
	      -r -z -l -k -K -G -C" (executed from left to right).

       *      Shrinking the image with '-B'  is	 not  possible	if  the	 image
	      width/height is not a multiple of 8, 16 or 32.

       *      Expanding	 the  image  with  '-X'	 is  not possible if the image
	      width/height is not a multiple of 8, 16 or 32.

       *      The final frame width/height should be  a	 multiple  of  8.  (to
	      avoid encoding problems with some codecs)

	      1.     Reducing  the video height/width by 2,4,8 Option '-r fac‐
		     tor' can be used to shrink the video image by a  constant
		     factor, this factor can be 2,4 or 8.

	      2.     Clipping  and  changing the aspect ratio transcode uses 3
		     steps to produce the input image for the export modules

		     1.	    Clipping of the input image.

		     2.	    Changing the aspect ratio of the 1) output.

		     3.	    Clipping of the 2) output.

       *      Bits per pixel (bits/pixel) is a value transcode calculates  and
	      prints  when  starting  up. It is mainly useful when encoding to
	      MPEG4 (xvid, divx, etc). You'll see line like

	      [transcode] V: bits/pixel	      | 0.237

	      Simplified said, bits/pixel quantifies how good an  encode  will
	      be.  Although this value depends heavily on the used input mate‐
	      rial, as a general rule of thump it  can	be  said  that	values
	      greater  or  close  to  0.2 will result in good encodes, encodes
	      with values less than 0.15 will have noticeable artifacts.

	      Bits per pixel depends on the resolution, bitrate and frames per
	      second.  If  you	have  a low value ( < 0.15), you might want to
	      raise the bitrate or encode at a	lower  resolution.  The	 exact
	      formula is

			 bitrate*1000
		bpp =  ----------------
		       width*height*fps

       *      AC3 / Multiple channels

	      When you do import an audio stream which has more then two audio
	      channels - this is usually the case for AC3  audio  -  transcode
	      will  automagically downmix to two channels (stereo). You'll see
	      line like

	      [transcode] A: downmix	      | 5 channels -> 2 channels

	      This is done, because most encoders and audio  filters  can  not
	      handle  more  than 2 channels correctly. The PCM internal repre‐
	      sentation does not support more than two channels, audio will be
	      downmixed	 to  stereo  No downmix will happen, if you use AC3 as
	      the internal audio codec or use audio pass-through.

EXAMPLES
       The following command will read it's input from the DVD drive (I assume
       /dev/dvd	 is  a	symbolic  link to the actual DVD device) and produce a
       splitted divx4 movie according to the chapter information  on  the  DVD
       medium.	 The  output  files will be named my_movie-ch00.avi, my_movie-
       ch01.avi ...

	      transcode -i /dev/dvd/ -x dvd -j 16,0 -B 5,0 \
	      -Y 40,8 -s 4.47 -U my_movie -y xvid -w 1618

       Option -j 16,0 will be expanded to -j 16,0,16,0 and results in 16  rows
       from  the  top  and the bottom of the image to be cut off.  This may be
       usefull if the source consists of black top and bottom bars.

       Option -B 5,0 tells transcode to shrink the resulting image by 5*32=160
       rows in height.

       Option  -Y 40,8 will be expanded to -Y 40,8,40,8 and tells transcode to
       ...

       Option -s 4.47 tells transcode to increase audio	 volume	 by  a	factor
       4.47.

       Option  -U my_movie tells transcode to operate in chapter mode and pro‐
       duce output to files named my_movie-ch00.avi, my_movie-ch01.avi...
       You can either merge the files afterwards  with	avimerge  or  add  the
       option --no_split to the command line.

       Option  -y xvid tells transcode to use the export module export_xvid.so
       which in turn uses the XviD encoder to encode the video.

       Option -w 1618 tells transcode to set the encoder bitrate to 1618 which
       is lower than the default of 1800 and results in smaller files with the
       loss of visual quality.

       Lets assume that you have an NTSC DVD (720x480) and you want to make an
       NTSC-SVCD

	      The  frame size of the DVD movie is 720x480 @ 16:9. For the pur‐
	      pose of frame resizing, the width 720 is not relavant (that  is,
	      it  will	not  be	 used  in  the following reasoning). It is not
	      needed because the original frame size is really defined by  the
	      frame  height  and  aspect  ratio.  The _final result_ should be
	      640x480, encoded as 480x480 @ 4:3 (the height 480 multiplied  by
	      the aspect ratio 4:3 gives the width 640).  This same frame size
	      (640x480) can also be encoded as 640x360 @ 16:9 (the height  360
	      multiplied by the aspect ratio 16:9 gives the width 640).

	      As  the  _original video_ has aspect ratio 16:9, first we resize
	      to 640x360, keeping that aspect ratio. But the aspect ratio  has
	      to  be  changed to 4:3. To find the frame size in the new aspect
	      ratio the height 360 is multiplied by the new aspect ratio, giv‐
	      ing  the	width  480.  This  is  accomplished with the transcode
	      options "--export_asr 2 -Z 480x360,fast".

	      To avoid stretching the video height in this change (because the
	      new  aspect  ratio  is  less  than  the original), black borders
	      should be added at the top and bottom of the video, bringing the
	      frame  to	 the  desired 480x480 @ 4:3 size. The transcode option
	      for this is "-Y -60,0,-60,0".

	      If for some reason (maybe a subtitle filter) the	black  borders
	      (of  height  60  each) should be added before resizing the frame
	      and changing the aspect ratio to 4:3. One reason for that	 would
	      be  the  need  of	 running a _pre_ filter after adding the black
	      borders. Then the options	 "-j"  or  "--pre_clip"	 can  be  used
	      instead  of "-Y". In this case the black border height has to be
	      recalculated by applying the  aspect  ratio  4:3	to  the	 value
	      already  found:  60  *  (4/3)  =	80.  The transcode options "-j
	      -80,0,-80,0" or "--pre_clip -80,0,-80,0" are then	 used  instead
	      of  "-Y  -60,0,-60,0",  and "-Z 480x360,fast" is replaced by "-Z
	      480x480,fast".

AUTHORS
       transcode was written by Thomas Oestreich <ostreich@theorie.physik.uni-
       goettingen.de> and Tilmann Bitterberg with contributions from many oth‐
       ers.  See the AUTHORS file for details.

SEE ALSO
       avifix(1), avisync(1), avimerge(1), avisplit(1), tcprobe(1), tcscan(1),
       tccat(1),    tcdemux(1),	  tcextract(1),	  tcdecode(1),	 tcmodinfo(1),
       tcxmlcheck(1), transcode(1)

WWW
       Frequently asked questions (FAQ) at
       http://www.transcoding.org/cgi-bin/transcode?Transcode_FAQ ⟨⟩
       Example transcode sessions
       http://www.transcoding.org/cgi-bin/transcode?Command_Examples ⟨⟩

BUGS
       Yes, there are bugs in transcode!  Do your part and report them immedi‐
       ately.  For details, see
       http://www.transcoding.org/cgi-bin/transcode?Reporting_Problems ⟨⟩

transcode(1)			14th July 2007			  transcode(1)
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