TIP(1) BSD Reference Manual TIP(1)NAME
tip, cu - connect to a remote system
SYNOPSIStip [-v] -speed system-name
tip [-v] -speed phone-number
cu phone-number [-t] [-s speed] [-a acu] [-l line] [-#]
DESCRIPTION
Tip and cu establish a full-duplex connection to another machine, giving
the appearance of being logged in directly on the remote cpu. It goes
without saying that you must have a login on the machine (or equivalent)
to which you wish to connect. The preferred interface is tip. The cu in-
terface is included for those people attached to the ``call UNIX'' com-
mand of version 7. This manual page describes only tip.
Available Option:
-v Set verbose mode.
Typed characters are normally transmitted directly to the remote machine
(which does the echoing as well). A tilde (`~') appearing as the first
character of a line is an escape signal; the following are recognized:
~^D or ~.
Drop the connection and exit (you may still be logged in on the re-
mote machine).
~c [name]
Change directory to name (no argument implies change to your home
directory).
~! Escape to a shell (exiting the shell will return you to tip).
~> Copy file from local to remote. Tip prompts for the name of a lo-
cal file to transmit.
~< Copy file from remote to local. Tip prompts first for the name of
the file to be sent, then for a command to be executed on the re-
mote machine.
~p from [to]
Send a file to a remote BSD host. The put command causes the re-
mote BSD system to run the command string ``cat > 'to''', while tip
sends it the ``from'' file. If the ``to'' file isn't specified the
``from'' file name is used. This command is actually a BSD specif-
ic version of the ``~>'' command.
~t from [to]
Take a file from a remote BSD host. As in the put command the
``to'' file defaults to the ``from'' file name if it isn't speci-
fied. The remote host executes the command string ``cat
'from';echo ^A'' to send the file to tip.
~| Pipe the output from a remote command to a local BSD process. The
command string sent to the local BSD system is processed by the
shell.
~C Fork a child process on the local system to perform special proto-
cols such as ZMODEM. The child program will be run with the fol-
lowing arrangement of file descriptors:
0 <-> remote tty in
1 <-> remote tty out
2 <-> local tty out
~$ Pipe the output from a local BSD process to the remote host. The
command string sent to the local BSD system is processed by the
shell.
~# Send a BREAK to the remote system. For systems which don't support
the necessary ioctl call the break is simulated by a sequence of
line speed changes and DEL characters.
~s Set a variable (see the discussion below).
~^Z Stop tip (only available with job control).
~^Y Stop only the ``local side'' of tip (only available with job con-
trol); the ``remote side'' of tip, the side that displays output
from the remote host, is left running.
~? Get a summary of the tilde escapes
Tip uses the file /etc/remote to find how to reach a particular system
and to find out how it should operate while talking to the system; refer
to remote(5) for a full description. Each system has a default baud rate
with which to establish a connection. If this value is not suitable, the
baud rate to be used may be specified on the command line, e.g. `tip
-300 mds'.
When tip establishes a connection it sends out a connection message to
the remote system; the default value, if any, is defined in /etc/remote
(see remote(5)).
When tip prompts for an argument (e.g. during setup of a file transfer)
the line typed may be edited with the standard erase and kill characters.
A null line in response to a prompt, or an interrupt, will abort the dia-
logue and return you to the remote machine.
Tip guards against multiple users connecting to a remote system by open-
ing modems and terminal lines with exclusive access, and by honoring the
locking protocol used by uucico(8).
During file transfers tip provides a running count of the number of lines
transferred. When using the ~> and ~< commands, the ``eofread'' and
``eofwrite'' variables are used to recognize end-of-file when reading,
and specify end-of-file when writing (see below). File transfers normal-
ly depend on tandem mode for flow control. If the remote system does not
support tandem mode, ``echocheck'' may be set to indicate tip should syn-
chronize with the remote system on the echo of each transmitted charac-
ter.
When tip must dial a phone number to connect to a system it will print
various messages indicating its actions. Tip supports the US Robotics
COURIER and Hayes modems.
VARIABLES
Tip maintains a set of variables which control its operation. Some of
these variables are read-only to normal users (root is allowed to change
anything of interest). Variables may be displayed and set through the
``s'' escape. The syntax for variables is patterned after vi(1) and
Mail(1). Supplying ``all'' as an argument to the set command displays
all variables readable by the user. Alternatively, the user may request
display of a particular variable by attaching a `?' to the end. For ex-
ample ``escape?'' displays the current escape character.
Variables are numeric, string, character, or boolean values. Boolean
variables are set merely by specifying their name; they may be reset by
prepending a `!' to the name. Other variable types are set by concate-
nating an `=' and the value. The entire assignment must not have any
blanks in it. A single set command may be used to interrogate as well as
set a number of variables. Variables may be initialized at run time by
placing set commands (without the ``~s'' prefix in a file .tiprc in one's
home directory). The -v option causes tip to display the sets as they
are made. Certain common variables have abbreviations. The following is
a list of common variables, their abbreviations, and their default val-
ues.
beautify (bool) Discard unprintable characters when a session is be-
ing scripted; abbreviated be.
baudrate (num) The baud rate of the the remote connection; abbrevi-
ated ba.
debug (bool) Request verbose debugging information from
gettyd(8); abbreviated de.
dialtimeout (num) When dialing a phone number, the time (in seconds) to
wait for a connection to be established; abbreviated dial.
echocheck (bool) Synchronize with the remote host during file trans-
fer by waiting for the echo of the last character transmit-
ted; default is off.
eofread (str) The set of characters which signify an end-of-trans-
mission during a ~< file transfer command; abbreviated
eofr.
eofwrite (str) The string sent to indicate end-of-transmission dur-
ing a ~> file transfer command; abbreviated eofw.
eol (str) The set of characters which indicate an end-of-line.
Tip will recognize escape characters only after an end-of-
line.
escape (char) The command prefix (escape) character; abbreviated
es; default value is `~'.
exceptions (str) The set of characters which should not be discarded
due to the beautification switch; abbreviated ex; default
value is ``\t\n\f\b''.
force (char) The character used to force literal data transmis-
sion; abbreviated fo; default value is `^P'. To disable
this functionality use a value of `^@'.
framesize (num) The amount of data (in bytes) to buffer between file
system writes when receiving files; abbreviated fr.
host (str) The name of the host to which you are connected; ab-
breviated ho.
parity (str) One of "odd", "even", "zero", "one", or "none".
"none" is the default.
prompt (char) The character which indicates an end-of-line on the
remote host; abbreviated pr; default value is `\n'. This
value is used to synchronize during data transfers. The
count of lines transferred during a file transfer command
is based on receipt of this character.
raise (bool) Upper case mapping mode; abbreviated ra; default
value is off. When this mode is enabled, all lower case
letters will be mapped to upper case by tip for transmis-
sion to the remote machine.
raisechar (char) The input character used to toggle upper case map-
ping mode; abbreviated rc; default value is `^A'. To dis-
able this functionality use a value of `^@'.
record (str) The name of the file in which a session script is
recorded; abbreviated rec; default value is ``tip.record''.
script (bool) Session scripting mode; abbreviated sc; default is
off. When script is true, tip will record everything trans-
mitted by the remote machine in the script record file
specified in record. If the beautify switch is on, only
printable ASCII characters will be included in the script
file (those characters betwee 040 and 0177). The variable
exceptions is used to indicate characters which are an ex-
ception to the normal beautification rules.
tabexpand (bool) Expand tabs to spaces during file transfers; abbre-
viated tab; default value is false. Each tab is expanded to
8 spaces.
verbose (bool) Verbose mode; abbreviated verb; default is true.
When verbose mode is enabled, tip prints messages while di-
aling, shows the current number of lines transferred during
a file transfer operations, and more.
ENVIRONMENT
Tip uses the following environment variables:
SHELL (str) The name of the shell to use for the ~! command; de-
fault value is ``/bin/sh'', or taken from the environment.
HOME (str) The home directory to use for the ~c command; default
value is taken from the environment.
HOST Check for a default host if none specified.
The variables ${REMOTE} and ${PHONES} are also exported.
EXAMPLEStip-57600 @system
Looks up the phone number for system in /etc/phones and dials
the system at 57600 baud using the entry tip57600 from
/etc/remote, which you must define.
tip system Connects using the entry system found in /etc/remote.
FILES
/etc/remote Global system descriptions.
/etc/phones Global phone number data base.
${REMOTE} Private system descriptions.
${PHONES} Private phone numbers.
~/.tiprc Initialization file.
tip.record Record file.
/var/spool/uucp/LCK..* Lock file to avoid conflicts with uucp.
DIAGNOSTICS
Diagnostics are, hopefully, self explanatory.
SEE ALSOremote(5), phones(5), gettyd(8)HISTORY
The tip appeared command in 4.2BSD.
BUGS
The full set of variables is undocumented and should, probably, be pared
down.
4th Berkeley Distribution April 18, 1994 5
