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time(1)								       time(1)

NAME
       time - Times the execution of a command

SYNOPSIS
       time [-p] command [argument...]

       The time command prints the elapsed time during the execution of a com‐
       mand, the time spent in the system, and the time spent in execution  of
       the command on the diagnostic output system.

					Note

       The  C shell  has  a  built-in version of the time command.  If you are
       using the C shell, and want to guarantee that you are using the command
       described  here, you must specify the full path /usr/bin/time.  See the
       csh(1) reference page for a description of the built-in command.

STANDARDS
       Interfaces documented on this reference page conform to industry	 stan‐
       dards as follows:

       time:  XCU5.0

       Refer  to  the  standards(5)  reference page for more information about
       industry standards and associated tags.

OPTIONS
       Writes the timing output to standard error.  This is the default.

OPERANDS
       The name of a command to be executed.  If command identifies  any  name
       specified  as  a special built in your applicable shell reference page,
       the results are undefined and unpredictable.  The argument to be passed
       to  command.   See  the	appropriate  reference pages for these values.
       This parameter may include flags and arguments expected by command.

DESCRIPTION
       The time command prints the elapsed time during the execution of a com‐
       mand,  the time spent in the system, and the time spent in execution of
       the command on the diagnostic output system. Time is reported  in  sec‐
       onds.

       The time command (with a different format) is also built into csh.

NOTES
       When time is used as part of a pipeline, the times reported are unspec‐
       ified, except when it is the sole command within a grouping command  in
       that  pipeline.	For example, the commands on the left are unspecified;
       those on the right report on utilities a and c, respectively.

       time a | b | c	   { time a } | b | c a | b | time  c	    a  |  b  |
       (time c)

EXIT STATUS
       The time command returns the following exit values if the command could
       not be invoked: An error occurred in the	 time  command.	  The  command
       specified  by  command was found but could not be invoked.  The command
       specified by command could not be found.

       If the command was successfully invoked, the exit status of time is the
       exit status of command.

EXAMPLES
       To measure the time required to run a program, enter: time a.out

	      This  runs  the  program	a.out and writes to the standard error
	      output the amount of real, system, and user time that  it	 uses:
	      real    10.5  user   0.3 sys    3.6 To measure the time required
	      by a complex command, enter: time sh -c 'complex-cmmand-line'

	      This runs all of the commands, which may include pipelines,  and
	      returns the time information for the entire series of commands.

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
       The  following environment variables affect the execution of time: Pro‐
       vides a default value for the internationalization variables  that  are
       unset  or  null. If LANG is unset or null, the corresponding value from
       the default locale is used.  If any of the  internationalization	 vari‐
       ables contain an invalid setting, the utility behaves as if none of the
       variables had been defined.  If set to a non-empty string value,	 over‐
       rides  the  values  of  all  the	 other internationalization variables.
       Determines the locale for the interpretation of sequences of  bytes  of
       text  data as characters (for example, single-byte as opposed to multi‐
       byte characters in arguments).  Determines the locale  for  the	format
       and  contents of diagnostic messages written to standard error.	Deter‐
       mines the location of message catalogues for the processing of  LC_MES‐
       SAGES.  Determines the path used to locate command.

SEE ALSO
       Commands:  csh(1), ksh(1), Bourne shell sh(1b), POSIX shell sh(1p)

       Functions:  times(3)

       Standards:  standards(5)

								       time(1)
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