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TAR(1)				 User Commands				TAR(1)

NAME
       A tar (tape archiver) program.

SYNOPSIS
       tar [OPTION...] [FILE]...

DESCRIPTION
       GNU 'tar' saves many files together into a single tape or disk archive,
       and can restore individual files from the archive.

EXAMPLES
       tar -cf archive.tar foo bar
	      # Create archive.tar from files foo and bar.

       tar -tvf archive.tar
	      # List all files in archive.tar verbosely.

       tar -xf archive.tar
	      # Extract all files from archive.tar.

	      Main operation mode:

       -A, --catenate, --concatenate
	      append tar files to an archive

       -c, --create
	      create a new archive

       -d, --diff, --compare
	      find differences between archive and file system

       --delete
	      delete from the archive (not on mag tapes!)

       -r, --append
	      append files to the end of an archive

       -t, --list
	      list the contents of an archive

       --test-label
	      test the archive volume label and exit

       -u, --update
	      only append files newer than copy in archive

       -x, --extract, --get
	      extract files from an archive

	      Operation modifiers:

       --check-device
	      check  device  numbers  when   creating	incremental   archives
	      (default)

       -g, --listed-incremental=FILE
	      handle new GNU-format incremental backup

       -G, --incremental
	      handle old GNU-format incremental backup

       --ignore-failed-read
	      do not exit with nonzero on unreadable files

       --level=NUMBER
	      dump level for created listed-incremental archive

       -n, --seek
	      archive is seekable

       --no-check-device
	      do not check device numbers when creating incremental archives

       --no-seek
	      archive is not seekable

       --occurrence[=NUMBER]
	      process  only  the  NUMBERth  occurrence of each file in the ar‐
	      chive; this option is valid only in conjunction with one of  the
	      subcommands  --delete,  --diff,  --extract  or --list and when a
	      list of files is given either on the command line or via the  -T
	      option; NUMBER defaults to 1

       --sparse-version=MAJOR[.MINOR]
	      set version of the sparse format to use (implies --sparse)

       -S, --sparse
	      handle sparse files efficiently

	      Overwrite control:

       -k, --keep-old-files
	      don't  replace  existing	files  when  extracting, treat them as
	      errors

       --keep-directory-symlink
	      preserve existing symlinks to directories when extracting

       --keep-newer-files
	      don't replace existing files that are newer than	their  archive
	      copies

       --no-overwrite-dir
	      preserve metadata of existing directories

       --overwrite
	      overwrite existing files when extracting

       --overwrite-dir
	      overwrite	 metadata  of  existing	 directories  when  extracting
	      (default)

       --recursive-unlink
	      empty hierarchies prior to extracting directory

       --remove-files
	      remove files after adding them to the archive

       --skip-old-files
	      don't replace existing files when extracting, silently skip over
	      them

       -U, --unlink-first
	      remove each file prior to extracting over it

       -W, --verify
	      attempt to verify the archive after writing it

	      Select output stream:

       --ignore-command-error ignore exit codes of children

       --no-ignore-command-error
	      treat non-zero exit codes of children as error

       -O, --to-stdout
	      extract files to standard output

       --to-command=COMMAND
	      pipe extracted files to another program

	      Handling of file attributes:

       --atime-preserve[=METHOD]
	      preserve	access	times on dumped files, either by restoring the
	      times after reading (METHOD='replace'; default) or by  not  set‐
	      ting the times in the first place (METHOD='system')

       --delay-directory-restore
	      delay  setting  modification  times and permissions of extracted
	      directories until the end of extraction

       --group=NAME
	      force NAME as group for added files

       --mode=CHANGES
	      force (symbolic) mode CHANGES for added files

       --mtime=DATE-OR-FILE
	      set mtime for added files from DATE-OR-FILE

       -m, --touch
	      don't extract file modified time

       --no-delay-directory-restore
	      cancel the effect of --delay-directory-restore option

       --no-same-owner
	      extract files as yourself (default for ordinary users)

       --no-same-permissions
	      apply the user's umask when extracting permissions from the  ar‐
	      chive (default for ordinary users)

       --numeric-owner
	      always use numbers for user/group names

       --owner=NAME
	      force NAME as owner for added files

       -p, --preserve-permissions, --same-permissions
	      extract  information  about  file permissions (default for supe‐
	      ruser)

       --preserve
	      same as both -p and -s

       --same-owner
	      try extracting files with the same ownership as  exists  in  the
	      archive (default for superuser)

       -s, --preserve-order, --same-order
	      member  arguments	 are  listed in the same order as the files in
	      the archive

	      Handling of extended file attributes:

       --acls Enable the POSIX ACLs support

       --no-acls
	      Disable the POSIX ACLs support

       --no-selinux
	      Disable the SELinux context support

       --no-xattrs
	      Disable extended attributes support

       --selinux
	      Enable the SELinux context support

       --xattrs
	      Enable extended attributes support

       --xattrs-exclude=MASK
	      specify the exclude pattern for xattr keys

       --xattrs-include=MASK
	      specify the include pattern for xattr keys

	      Device selection and switching:

       -f, --file=ARCHIVE
	      use archive file or device ARCHIVE

       --force-local
	      archive file is local even if it has a colon

       -F, --info-script=NAME, --new-volume-script=NAME
	      run script at end of each tape (implies -M)

       -L, --tape-length=NUMBER
	      change tape after writing NUMBER x 1024 bytes

       -M, --multi-volume
	      create/list/extract multi-volume archive

       --rmt-command=COMMAND
	      use given rmt COMMAND instead of rmt

       --rsh-command=COMMAND
	      use remote COMMAND instead of rsh

       --volno-file=FILE
	      use/update the volume number in FILE

	      Device blocking:

       -b, --blocking-factor=BLOCKS
	      BLOCKS x 512 bytes per record

       -B, --read-full-records
	      reblock as we read (for 4.2BSD pipes)

       -i, --ignore-zeros
	      ignore zeroed blocks in archive (means EOF)

       --record-size=NUMBER
	      NUMBER of bytes per record, multiple of 512

	      Archive format selection:

       -H, --format=FORMAT
	      create archive of the given format

       -Y, --lzma
	      filter the archive through lzma (depreceated flag)

	      FORMAT is one of the following:

       gnu    GNU tar 1.13.x format

       oldgnu GNU format as per tar <= 1.12

       pax    POSIX 1003.1-2001 (pax) format

       posix  same as pax

       ustar  POSIX 1003.1-1988 (ustar) format

       v7     old V7 tar format

       --old-archive, --portability
	      same as --format=v7

       --pax-option=keyword[[:]=value][,keyword[[:]=value]]...
	      control pax keywords

       --posix
	      same as --format=posix

       -V, --label=TEXT
	      create archive with volume name TEXT; at list/extract time,  use
	      TEXT as a globbing pattern for volume name

	      Compression options:

       -a, --auto-compress
	      use archive suffix to determine the compression program

       -I, --use-compress-program=PROG
	      filter through PROG (must accept -d)

       -j, --bzip2
	      filter the archive through bzip2

       -J, --xz
	      filter the archive through xz

       --lzip filter the archive through lzip

       --lzma filter the archive through lzma

       --lzop

       --no-auto-compress
	      do not use archive suffix to determine the compression program

       -z, --gzip, --gunzip, --ungzip
	      filter the archive through gzip

       -Z, --compress, --uncompress
	      filter the archive through compress

	      Local file selection:

       --add-file=FILE
	      add  given FILE to the archive (useful if its name starts with a
	      dash)

       --backup[=CONTROL]
	      backup before removal, choose version CONTROL

       -C, --directory=DIR
	      change to directory DIR

       --exclude=PATTERN
	      exclude files, given as a PATTERN

       --exclude-backups
	      exclude backup and lock files

       --exclude-caches
	      exclude contents of directories containing CACHEDIR.TAG,	except
	      for the tag file itself

       --exclude-caches-all
	      exclude directories containing CACHEDIR.TAG

       --exclude-caches-under exclude everything under directories containing
	      CACHEDIR.TAG

       --exclude-tag=FILE
	      exclude contents of directories containing FILE, except for FILE
	      itself

       --exclude-tag-all=FILE exclude directories containing FILE

       --exclude-tag-under=FILE
	      exclude everything under directories containing FILE

       --exclude-vcs
	      exclude version control system directories

       -h, --dereference
	      follow symlinks; archive and dump the files they point to

       --hard-dereference
	      follow hard links; archive and dump the files they refer to

       -K, --starting-file=MEMBER-NAME
	      begin at member MEMBER-NAME when reading the archive

       --newer-mtime=DATE
	      compare date and time when data changed only

       --no-null
	      disable the effect of the previous --null option

       --no-recursion
	      avoid descending automatically in directories

       --no-unquote
	      do not unquote filenames read with -T

       --null		      -T reads null-terminated names, disable -C

       -N, --newer=DATE-OR-FILE, --after-date=DATE-OR-FILE
	      only store files newer than DATE-OR-FILE

       --one-file-system
	      stay in local file system when creating archive

       -P, --absolute-names
	      don't strip leading '/'s from file names

       --recursion
	      recurse into directories (default)

       --suffix=STRING
	      backup before removal, override usual suffix ('~'	 unless	 over‐
	      ridden by environment variable SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX)

       -T, --files-from=FILE
	      get names to extract or create from FILE

       --unquote
	      unquote filenames read with -T (default)

       -X, --exclude-from=FILE
	      exclude patterns listed in FILE

	      File name transformations:

       --strip-components=NUMBER
	      strip NUMBER leading components from file names on extraction

       --transform=EXPRESSION, --xform=EXPRESSION
	      use sed replace EXPRESSION to transform file names

	      File name matching options (affect both exclude and include pat‐
	      terns):

       --anchored
	      patterns match file name start

       --ignore-case
	      ignore case

       --no-anchored
	      patterns match after any '/' (default for exclusion)

       --no-ignore-case
	      case sensitive matching (default)

       --no-wildcards
	      verbatim string matching

       --no-wildcards-match-slash
	      wildcards do not match '/'

       --wildcards
	      use wildcards (default for exclusion)

       --wildcards-match-slash
	      wildcards match '/' (default for exclusion)

	      Informative output:

       --checkpoint[=NUMBER]
	      display progress messages every NUMBERth record (default 10)

       --checkpoint-action=ACTION
	      execute ACTION on each checkpoint

       --full-time
	      print file time to its full resolution

       --index-file=FILE
	      send verbose output to FILE

       -l, --check-links
	      print a message if not all links are dumped

       --no-quote-chars=STRING
	      disable quoting for characters from STRING

       --quote-chars=STRING
	      additionally quote characters from STRING

       --quoting-style=STYLE
	      set name quoting style; see below for valid STYLE values

       -R, --block-number
	      show block number within archive with each message

       --show-defaults
	      show tar defaults

       --show-omitted-dirs
	      when listing or extracting, list each directory  that  does  not
	      match search criteria

       --show-snapshot-field-ranges
	      show valid ranges for snapshot-file fields

       --show-transformed-names, --show-stored-names
	      show file or archive names after transformation

       --totals[=SIGNAL]
	      print total bytes after processing the archive; with an argument
	      - print total bytes when this SIGNAL is delivered; Allowed  sig‐
	      nals  are:  SIGHUP,  SIGQUIT,  SIGINT,  SIGUSR1 and SIGUSR2; the
	      names without SIG prefix are also accepted

       --utc  print file modification times in UTC

       -v, --verbose
	      verbosely list files processed

       --warning=KEYWORD
	      warning control

       -w, --interactive, --confirmation
	      ask for confirmation for every action

	      Compatibility options:

       -o     when creating, same as --old-archive; when extracting,  same  as
	      --no-same-owner

	      Other options:

       -?, --help
	      give this help list

       --restrict
	      disable use of some potentially harmful options

       --usage
	      give a short usage message

       --version
	      print program version

       Mandatory  or  optional arguments to long options are also mandatory or
       optional for any corresponding short options.

       The  backup  suffix  is	'~',  unless  set  with	  --suffix   or	  SIM‐
       PLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX.   The	 version  control  may be set with --backup or
       VERSION_CONTROL, values are:

       none, off
	      never make backups

       t, numbered
	      make numbered backups

       nil, existing
	      numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise

       never, simple
	      always make simple backups

       Valid arguments for the --quoting-style option are:

	      literal shell shell-always c c-maybe escape locale clocale

       *This* tar defaults to: --format=gnu  -f-  -b20	--quoting-style=escape
       --rmt-command=/usr/libexec/rmt

AUTHOR
       Written by John Gilmore and Jay Fenlason.

REPORTING BUGS
       Report bugs to <bug-tar@gnu.org>.

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright  ©  2013  Free Software Foundation, Inc.  License GPLv3+: GNU
       GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
       This is free software: you are free  to	change	and  redistribute  it.
       There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

SEE ALSO
       The  full  documentation for tar is maintained as a Texinfo manual.  If
       the info and tar programs are properly installed at your site, the com‐
       mand

	      info tar

       should give you access to the complete manual.

tar 1.27			 February 2014				TAR(1)
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