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SYSLOG(3)		    BSD Programmer's Manual		     SYSLOG(3)

NAME
     syslog, vsyslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask - control system log

SYNOPSIS
     #include <stdarg.h>
     #include <syslog.h>

     void
     syslog(int priority, const char *message, ...);

     void
     vsyslog(int priority, const char *message, va_list args);

     void
     openlog(const char *ident, int logopt, int facility);

     void
     closelog(void);

     int
     setlogmask(int maskpri);

DESCRIPTION
     The syslog() function writes message to the system message logger.	 The
     message is then written to the system console, log files, logged-in
     users, or forwarded to other machines as appropriate. (See syslogd(8).)

     The message is identical to a printf(3) format string, except that `%m'
     is replaced by the current error message. (As denoted by the global vari-
     able errno; see strerror(3).)  A single trailing newline is allowed, any
     other non-printable characters are encoded into a visible characters with
     strvisx(3).

     The vsyslog() function is an alternate form in which the arguments have
     already been captured using the variable-length argument facilities of
     varargs(3).

     The message is tagged with priority. Priorities are encoded as a facility
     and a level. The facility describes the part of the system generating the
     message.  The level is selected from the following ordered (high to low)
     list:

     LOG_EMERG	   A panic condition.  This is normally broadcast to all
		   users.

     LOG_ALERT	   A condition that should be corrected immediately, such as a
		   corrupted system database.

     LOG_CRIT	   Critical conditions, e.g., hard device errors.

     LOG_ERR	   Errors.

     LOG_WARNING   Warning messages.

     LOG_NOTICE	   Conditions that are not error conditions, but should possi-
		   bly be handled specially.

     LOG_INFO	   Informational messages.

     LOG_DEBUG	   Messages that contain information normally of use only when
		   debugging a program.

     The openlog() function provides for more specialized processing of the
     messages sent by syslog() and vsyslog().  The parameter ident is a string
     that will be prepended to every message.  If openlog() is never called,
     or if ident is NULL, the program name is used.  The logopt argument is a
     bit field specifying logging options, which is formed by OR'ing one or
     more of the following values:

     LOG_CONS	   If syslog() cannot pass the message to syslogd it will at-
		   tempt to write the message to the console
		   (``/dev/console.'')

     LOG_NDELAY	   Open the connection to syslogd immediately.	Normally the
		   open is delayed until the first message is logged.  Useful
		   for programs that need to manage the order in which file
		   descriptors are allocated.

     LOG_PERROR	   Write the message to standard error output as well to the
		   system log.

     LOG_PID	   Log the process id with each message: useful for identify-
		   ing instantiations of daemons.

     The facility parameter encodes a default facility to be assigned to all
     messages that do not have an explicit facility encoded:

     LOG_AUTH	   The authorization system: su(1),  getty(8),	login(8),
		   etc.

     LOG_AUTHPRIV  The same as LOG_AUTH, but logged to a file readable only by
		   selected individuals.

     LOG_CRON	   The clock daemon.

     LOG_DAEMON	   System daemons, such as routed(8),  that are not provided
		   for explicitly by other facilities.

     LOG_FTP	   The Internet File Transfer Protocol daemon.

     LOG_KERN	   Messages generated by the kernel.  These cannot be generat-
		   ed by any user processes.

     LOG_LPR	   The line printer spooling system: lpr(1),  lpc(8),  lpd(8),
		    etc.

     LOG_MAIL	   The mail system.

     LOG_NEWS	   The network news system.

     LOG_SYSLOG	   Messages generated internally by syslogd(8).

     LOG_USER	   Messages generated by random user processes.	 This is the
		   default facility identifier if none is specified.

     LOG_UUCP	   The uucp system.

     LOG_LOCAL0	   Reserved for local use.  Similarly for LOG_LOCAL1 through
		   LOG_LOCAL7.

     The closelog() function can be used to close the log file.

     The setlogmask() function sets the log priority mask to maskpri and re-
     turns the previous mask.  Calls to syslog() with a priority not set in
     maskpri are rejected.  The mask for an individual priority pri is calcu-
     lated by the macro LOG_MASK(pri); the mask for all priorities up to and
     including toppri is given by the macro LOG_UPTO(toppri);. The default al-
     lows all priorities to be logged.

RETURN VALUES
     The routines closelog(), openlog(), syslog() and vsyslog() return no val-
     ue.

     The routine setlogmask() always returns the previous log mask level.

EXAMPLES
	   syslog(LOG_ALERT, "who: internal error 23");

	   openlog("ftpd", LOG_PID | LOG_NDELAY, LOG_FTP);
	   setlogmask(LOG_UPTO(LOG_ERR));
	   syslog(LOG_INFO, "Connection from host %d", CallingHost);

	   syslog(LOG_INFO|LOG_LOCAL2, "foobar error: %m");

SEE ALSO
     logger(1),	 syslogd(8)

HISTORY
     These functions appeared in 4.2BSD.

BUGS
     The syslog(), vsyslog(), openlog(), closelog(), and setlogmask() func-
     tions may not be safely called concurrently from multiple threads, e.g.,
     the interfaces described by pthreads(3).

4.2 Berkeley Distribution	 June 4, 1993				     3
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