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string(3)							     string(3)

NAME
       strcat, strcmp, strcpy, strdup - Perform operations on strings

SYNOPSIS
       #include <string.h>

       char *strcat(
	       char *s1,
	       const char *s2 ); int strcmp(
	       const char *s1,
	       const char *s2 ); char *strcpy(
	       char *s1,
	       const char *s2 ); char *strdup(
	       const char *s1 );

LIBRARY
       Standard C Library (libc)

       System V Library (libsys5.a, libsys5.so)

STANDARDS
       Interfaces  documented on this reference page conform to industry stan‐
       dards as follows:

       strcat(), strcmp(), strcpy():  XSH4.2

       strdup():  XSH4.2

       Refer to the standards(5) reference page	 for  more  information	 about
       industry standards and associated tags.

PARAMETERS
       In  strcat(),  specifies	 the destination string for appending; in str‐
       cmp(), specifies the first of two  strings  to  compare;	 in  strcpy(),
       specifies  the  destination  string  for	 the copying; and in strdup(),
       specifies the string to be  duplicated.	 In  strcat(),	specifies  the
       string  to  be appended to s1; in strcmp(), specifies the second of two
       strings to compare; and in strcpy(), specifies the  source  string  for
       the copying.

					Note

       [Tru64  UNIX]  If you pass a NULL pointer as one of the const char * or
       char * parameters of a string manipulation function, the function  gen‐
       erates  a  segmentation	violation. To avoid the segmentation violation
       and cause the function to return zero, change the NULL  pointer	treat‐
       ment for the process before issuing the call to the string manipulation
       function, as follows: Include the  system  header  file	sys/uswitch.h.
       Call  the  uswitch  function,  as described in the uswitch(2) reference
       page.

       The following program illustrates this procedure:

       #include <stdio.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/uswitch.h>

       main() {
	       size_t  retval;
	       int     uswitch_val;

	       uswitch_val = uswitch(USC_GET,0);
	       uswitch(USC_SET, uswitch_val | USW_NULLP);
	       retval = strdup(NULL);

DESCRIPTION
       The strcat() function appends a copy of the string pointed to by the s2
       parameter  (including  the  terminating	null  byte)  to the end of the
       string pointed to by the s1 parameter. The initial  byte	 of  s2	 over‐
       writes  the  null  byte at the end of the string pointed to by s1. When
       operating on overlapping strings, the  behavior	of  this  function  is
       unreliable.

       The  strcmp() function compares the string pointed to by the s1 parame‐
       ter to the string pointed to by the s2 parameter. The sign of a nonzero
       value  returned by strcmp() is determined by the sign of the difference
       between the values of the first pair  of	 bytes	(both  interpreted  as
       unsigned char) that differ in the two compared objects.

       The  strcmp()  function compares strings based on the machine collating
       order. It does not use the locale-dependent  sorting  order.   Use  the
       strcoll() or wcscoll() functions for locale-dependent sorting.

       The  strcpy() function copies the string pointed to by the s2 parameter
       (including the terminating null byte) to the location pointed to by the
       s1  parameter.	When operating on overlapping strings, the behavior of
       this function is unreliable.

       The strdup() function returns a pointer to a  new  string  that	is  an
       exact  duplicate of the string pointed to by the s1 parameter. The mal‐
       loc() function is used to allocate space for the new string.

RETURN VALUES
       On successful completion, the strcat(), strcpy(),  and  strdup()	 func‐
       tions  return a pointer to the resulting string. Otherwise, these func‐
       tions return a null pointer.  The strdup() function sets errno to indi‐
       cate the error.

       On  successful  completion,  the	 strcmp()  function returns an integer
       whose value is greater than, equal to, or less than 0 (zero), according
       to whether the s1 string is greater than, equal to, or less than the s2
       string.

ERRORS
       If the strdup() function fails, errno  may  be  set  to	the  following
       value: Insufficient storage space is available.

SEE ALSO
       Functions:  malloc(3), memccpy(3), setlocale(3), strchr(3), strcoll(3),
       strlen(3), strncasecmp(3), strncat(3),  strncmp(3),  strncpy(3),	 strp‐
       brk(3),	 strspn(3),   strtok(3),   strstr(3),	strxfrm(3),   swab(3),
       uswitch(2), wcscat(3), wcscmp(3), wcscpy(3)

       Standards: standards(5)

								     string(3)
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