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<stdlib.h>(P)		   POSIX Programmer's Manual		 <stdlib.h>(P)

PROLOG
       This  manual  page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.  The Linux
       implementation of this interface may differ (consult the	 corresponding
       Linux  manual page for details of Linux behavior), or the interface may
       not be implemented on Linux.

NAME
       stdlib.h - standard library definitions

SYNOPSIS
       #include <stdlib.h>

DESCRIPTION
       Some of the functionality described on this reference page extends  the
       ISO C  standard. Applications shall define the appropriate feature test
       macro (see the System Interfaces volume of  IEEE Std 1003.1-2001,  Sec‐
       tion  2.2,  The	Compilation  Environment)  to enable the visibility of
       these symbols in this header.

       The <stdlib.h> header shall define the following macros:

       EXIT_FAILURE
	      Unsuccessful termination for exit();  evaluates  to  a  non-zero
	      value.

       EXIT_SUCCESS
	      Successful termination for exit(); evaluates to 0.

       NULL   Null pointer.

       {RAND_MAX}
	      Maximum value returned by rand(); at least 32767.

       {MB_CUR_MAX}
	      Integer expression whose value is the maximum number of bytes in
	      a character specified by the current locale.

       The following data types shall be defined through typedef:

       div_t  Structure type returned by the div() function.

       ldiv_t Structure type returned by the ldiv() function.

       lldiv_t
	      Structure type returned by the lldiv() function.

       size_t As described in <stddef.h> .

       wchar_t
	      As described in <stddef.h> .

       In addition, the following symbolic names and macros shall  be  defined
       as  in  <sys/wait.h>  ,	for use in decoding the return value from sys‐
       tem():

       WNOHANG
       WUNTRACED
       WEXITSTATUS
       WIFEXITED
       WIFSIGNALED
       WIFSTOPPED
       WSTOPSIG
       WTERMSIG

       The following shall be declared as functions and may also be defined as
       macros. Function prototypes shall be provided.

	      void	    _Exit(int);

	      long	    a64l(const char *);

	      void	    abort(void);
	      int	    abs(int);
	      int	    atexit(void (*)(void));
	      double	    atof(const char *);
	      int	    atoi(const char *);
	      long	    atol(const char *);
	      long long	    atoll(const char *);
	      void	   *bsearch(const void *, const void *, size_t, size_t,
				int (*)(const void *, const void *));
	      void	   *calloc(size_t, size_t);
	      div_t	    div(int, int);

	      double	    drand48(void);
	      char	   *ecvt(double, int, int *restrict, int *restrict); (LEGACY )
	      double	    erand48(unsigned short[3]);

	      void	    exit(int);

	      char	   *fcvt(double, int, int *restrict, int *restrict); (LEGACY )

	      void	    free(void *);

	      char	   *gcvt(double, int, char *); (LEGACY )

	      char	   *getenv(const char *);

	      int	    getsubopt(char **, char *const *, char **);
	      int	    grantpt(int);
	      char	   *initstate(unsigned, char *, size_t);
	      long	    jrand48(unsigned short[3]);
	      char	   *l64a(long);

	      long	    labs(long);

	      void	    lcong48(unsigned short[7]);

	      ldiv_t	    ldiv(long, long);
	      long long	    llabs(long long);
	      lldiv_t	    lldiv(long long, long long);

	      long	    lrand48(void);

	      void	   *malloc(size_t);
	      int	    mblen(const char *, size_t);
	      size_t	    mbstowcs(wchar_t *restrict, const char *restrict, size_t);
	      int	    mbtowc(wchar_t *restrict, const char *restrict, size_t);

	      char	   *mktemp(char *); (LEGACY )
	      int	    mkstemp(char *);
	      long	    mrand48(void);
	      long	    nrand48(unsigned short[3]);

	      int	    posix_memalign(void **, size_t, size_t);

	      int	    posix_openpt(int);
	      char	   *ptsname(int);
	      int	    putenv(char *);

	      void	    qsort(void *, size_t, size_t, int (*)(const void *,
				const void *));
	      int	    rand(void);

	      int	    rand_r(unsigned *);

	      long	    random(void);

	      void	   *realloc(void *, size_t);

	      char	   *realpath(const char *restrict, char *restrict);
	      unsigned short seed48(unsigned short[3]);

	      int	    setenv(const char *, const char *, int);

	      void	    setkey(const char *);
	      char	   *setstate(const char *);

	      void	    srand(unsigned);

	      void	    srand48(long);
	      void	    srandom(unsigned);

	      double	    strtod(const char *restrict, char **restrict);
	      float	    strtof(const char *restrict, char **restrict);
	      long	    strtol(const char *restrict, char **restrict, int);
	      long double   strtold(const char *restrict, char **restrict);
	      long long	    strtoll(const char *restrict, char **restrict, int);
	      unsigned long strtoul(const char *restrict, char **restrict, int);
	      unsigned long long
			    strtoull(const char *restrict, char **restrict, int);
	      int	    system(const char *);

	      int	    unlockpt(int);

	      int	    unsetenv(const char *);

	      size_t	    wcstombs(char *restrict, const wchar_t *restrict, size_t);
	      int	    wctomb(char *, wchar_t);

       Inclusion  of  the  <stdlib.h> header may also make visible all symbols
       from <stddef.h>, <limits.h>, <math.h>, and <sys/wait.h>.

       The following sections are informative.

APPLICATION USAGE
       None.

RATIONALE
       None.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS
       None.

SEE ALSO
       <limits.h> , <math.h> , <stddef.h> , <sys/types.h> , <sys/wait.h> , the
       System  Interfaces  volume  of  IEEE Std 1003.1-2001,  _Exit(), a64l(),
       abort(), abs(), atexit(), atof(), atoi(), atol(),  atoll(),  bsearch(),
       calloc(),  div(),  drand48(), erand48(), exit(), free(), getenv(), get‐
       subopt(), grantpt(), initstate(), jrand48(), l64a(), labs(), lcong48(),
       ldiv(),	llabs(),  lldiv(),  lrand48(),	malloc(), mblen(), mbstowcs(),
       mbtowc(), mkstemp(), mrand48(), nrand48(), posix_memalign(), ptsname(),
       putenv(),  qsort(), rand(), realloc(), realpath(), setstate(), srand(),
       srand48(), srandom(), strtod(),	strtof(),  strtol(),  strtold(),  str‐
       toll(), strtoul(), strtoull(), unlockpt(), wcstombs(), wctomb()

COPYRIGHT
       Portions	 of  this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
       from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
       --  Portable  Operating	System	Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
       Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003	by  the	 Institute  of
       Electrical  and	Electronics  Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the
       event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
       The  Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
       is the referee document. The original Standard can be  obtained	online
       at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .

IEEE/The Open Group		     2003			 <stdlib.h>(P)
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