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STAB(5)								       STAB(5)

NAME
       stab - symbol table types

SYNOPSIS
       #include <stab.h>

DESCRIPTION
       Stab.h  defines	some values of the n_type field of the symbol table of
       Mach-O (Mach object) files.  These are the types for permanent  symbols
       (i.e., not local labels, etc.)  used by the symbolic debugger gdb (when
       the -g option of the compiler cc(1) is used).  Symbol table entries can
       be  produced  by	 the  .stabs  assembler directive.  This allows one to
       specify a double-quote delimited name, a symbol type, one char and  one
       short of information about the symbol, and an unsigned long (usually an
       address).  To avoid having to produce an explicit label for the address
       field,  the  .stabd  directive  can  be	used to implicitly address the
       current location.  If no name is needed, symbol table  entries  can  be
       generated  using the .stabn directive.  The loader promises to preserve
       the order of symbol table entries produced  by  .stab  directives.   As
       described  in Mach-O(5), an element of the symbol table consists of the
       following structure:

       /*
	* Format of a symbol table entry.
	*/
       struct nlist {
		union {
		    char      *n_name; /* for use when in-core */
		    long      n_strx;  /* index into file string table */
		} n_un;
		unsigned char n_type;  /* type flag, see below */
		char	      n_sect;  /* section number or NO_SECT */
		short	      n_desc;  /* see below for specific n_type values */
		unsigned      n_value; /* value of this symbol (or stab offset) */
       };

       The value of the n_sect field is used to place a symbol	into  at  most
       one  section.   The value of the n_sect field is an ordinal refering to
       the section the symbol is in.  The sections are	numbered  from	1  and
       refer  to  sections in the order their section structures appear in the
       headers of the file that contains the symbol table entry.   This	 means
       the same ordinal may very well refer to different sections in different
       files.  A symbol can be in none of these sections by having  an	n_sect
       value of NO_SECT.

       The  n_value  field  of a symbol is relocated by the linker ld(1) as an
       address within the appropriate section.	N_value fields of symbols  not
       in  any	section	 are unchanged by the linker.  In addition, the linker
       will discard certain symbols, according to rules of its own, unless the
       n_type field has one of the following bits set:

       /*
	* Other permanent symbol table entries have some of the N_STAB bits set.
	* These are given in <stab.h>
	*/
       #define N_STAB	      0xe0/* if any of these bits set, don't discard */

       This  allows up to 112 (7 ∗ 16) symbol types, split between the various
       sections.  Some of these	 have  already	been  claimed.	 The  symbolic
       debugger, gdb, uses the following n_type values:

       #define N_GSYM  0x20   /* global symbol: name,,NO_SECT,type,0 */
       #define N_FNAME 0x22   /* procedure name (f77 kludge): name,,NO_SECT,0,0 */
       #define N_FUN   0x24   /* procedure: name,,n_sect,linenumber,address */
       #define N_STSYM 0x26   /* static symbol: name,,n_sect,type,address */
       #define N_LCSYM 0x28   /* .lcomm symbol: name,,n_sect,type,address */
       #define N_RSYM  0x40   /* register sym: name,,NO_SECT,type,register */
       #define N_SLINE 0x44   /* src line: 0,,n_sect,linenumber,address */
       #define N_SSYM  0x60   /* structure elt: name,,NO_SECT,type,struct_offset */
       #define N_SO    0x64   /* source file name: name,,n_sect,0,address */
       #define N_LSYM  0x80   /* local sym: name,,NO_SECT,type,offset */
       #define N_SOL   0x84   /* #included file name: name,,n_sect,0,address */
       #define N_PSYM  0xa0   /* parameter: name,,NO_SECT,type,offset */
       #define N_ENTRY 0xa4   /* alternate entry: name,,n_sect,linenumber,address */
       #define N_LBRAC 0xc0   /* left bracket: 0,,NO_SECT,nesting level,address */
       #define N_RBRAC 0xe0   /* right bracket: 0,,NO_SECT,nesting level,address */
       #define N_BCOMM 0xe2   /* begin common: name,,NO_SECT,0,0 */
       #define N_ECOMM 0xe4   /* end common: name,,n_sect,0,0 */
       #define N_ECOML 0xe8   /* end common (local name): 0,,n_sect,0,address */
       #define N_LENG  0xfe   /* second stab entry with length information */

       where the comments give the conventional use for:

	       .stabs "n_name", n_type, n_sect, n_desc, n_value

       where  n_type  is  the  defined constant and not listed in the comment.
       N_sect is the section ordinal the entry is refering  to.	  Gdb(1)  uses
       the  n_desc  field  to  hold  a	type specifier in the form used by the
       Portable C Compiler cc(1); see the header file pcc.h for details on the
       format of these type values.

SEE ALSO
       as(1), ld(1), gdb(1), Mach-O(5)

4th Berkeley Distribution	 March 1, 1989			       STAB(5)
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