SSH-ADD(1)SSH-ADD(1)NAMEssh-add - adds private key identities to the authentication agent
SYNOPSISssh-add [-cDdkLlXx] [-t life] [file ...]
ssh-add-s pkcs11
ssh-add-e pkcs11
DESCRIPTIONssh-add adds private key identities to the authentication agent, ssh-
agent(1). When run without arguments, it adds the files ~/.ssh/id_rsa,
~/.ssh/id_dsa, ~/.ssh/id_ecdsa, ~/.ssh/id_ed25519 and ~/.ssh/identity.
After loading a private key, ssh-add will try to load corresponding
certificate information from the filename obtained by appending
-cert.pub to the name of the private key file. Alternative file names
can be given on the command line.
If any file requires a passphrase, ssh-add asks for the passphrase from
the user. The passphrase is read from the user's tty. ssh-add retries
the last passphrase if multiple identity files are given.
The authentication agent must be running and the SSH_AUTH_SOCK environ‐
ment variable must contain the name of its socket for ssh-add to work.
The options are as follows:
-c Indicates that added identities should be subject to confirma‐
tion before being used for authentication. Confirmation is per‐
formed by the SSH_ASKPASS program mentioned below. Successful
confirmation is signaled by a zero exit status from the
SSH_ASKPASS program, rather than text entered into the
requester.
-D Deletes all identities from the agent.
-d Instead of adding identities, removes identities from the agent.
If ssh-add has been run without arguments, the keys for the
default identities and their corresponding certificates will be
removed. Otherwise, the argument list will be interpreted as a
list of paths to public key files to specify keys and certifi‐
cates to be removed from the agent. If no public key is found
at a given path, ssh-add will append .pub and retry.
-e pkcs11
Remove keys provided by the PKCS#11 shared library pkcs11.
-k When loading keys into or deleting keys from the agent, process
plain private keys only and skip certificates.
-L Lists public key parameters of all identities currently repre‐
sented by the agent.
-l Lists fingerprints of all identities currently represented by
the agent.
-s pkcs11
Add keys provided by the PKCS#11 shared library pkcs11.
-t life
Set a maximum lifetime when adding identities to an agent. The
lifetime may be specified in seconds or in a time format speci‐
fied in sshd_config(5).
-X Unlock the agent.
-x Lock the agent with a password.
ENVIRONMENT
DISPLAY and SSH_ASKPASS
If ssh-add needs a passphrase, it will read the passphrase from
the current terminal if it was run from a terminal. If ssh-add
does not have a terminal associated with it but DISPLAY and
SSH_ASKPASS are set, it will execute the program specified by
SSH_ASKPASS and open an X11 window to read the passphrase. This
is particularly useful when calling ssh-add from a .xsession or
related script. (Note that on some machines it may be necessary
to redirect the input from /dev/null to make this work.)
SSH_AUTH_SOCK
Identifies the path of a UNIX-domain socket used to communicate
with the agent.
FILES
~/.ssh/identity
Contains the protocol version 1 RSA authentication identity of
the user.
~/.ssh/id_dsa
Contains the protocol version 2 DSA authentication identity of
the user.
~/.ssh/id_ecdsa
Contains the protocol version 2 ECDSA authentication identity of
the user.
~/.ssh/id_ed25519
Contains the protocol version 2 ED25519 authentication identity
of the user.
~/.ssh/id_rsa
Contains the protocol version 2 RSA authentication identity of
the user.
Identity files should not be readable by anyone but the user.
Note that ssh-add ignores identity files if they are accessible
by others.
EXIT STATUS
Exit status is 0 on success, 1 if the specified command fails, and 2 if
ssh-add is unable to contact the authentication agent.
SEE ALSOssh(1), ssh-agent(1), ssh-keygen(1), sshd(8)AUTHORS
OpenSSH is a derivative of the original and free ssh 1.2.12 release by
Tatu Ylonen. Aaron Campbell, Bob Beck, Markus Friedl, Niels Provos,
Theo de Raadt and Dug Song removed many bugs, re-added newer features
and created OpenSSH. Markus Friedl contributed the support for SSH
protocol versions 1.5 and 2.0.
December 7 2013 SSH-ADD(1)
