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SIGACTION(2)							  SIGACTION(2)

NAME
       sigaction - detailed signal management

SYNOPSIS
       #include <signal.h>

       int sigaction(int sig, const struct sigaction *restrict act,
	    struct sigaction *restrict oact);

DESCRIPTION
       The sigaction() function allows the calling process to examine or spec‐
       ify the action to be taken on delivery of a specific signal.  See  sig‐
       nal.h(3HEAD) for an explanation of general signal concepts.

       The  sig	 argument  specifies the signal and can be assigned any of the
       signals specified in signal.h(3HEAD) except  SIGKILL and SIGSTOP.

       If the argument act is not NULL, it points to  a	 structure  specifying
       the new action to be taken when delivering sig. If the argument oact is
       not NULL, it points to a structure where the action previously  associ‐
       ated with sig is to be stored on return from sigaction().

       The sigaction structure includes the following members:

	 void	   (*sa_handler)();
	 void	   (*sa_sigaction)(int, siginfo_t *, void *);
	 sigset_t  sa_mask;
	 int	   sa_flags;

       The  storage occupied by sa_handler and sa_sigaction may overlap, and a
       standard-conforming application (see standards(5)) must	not  use  both
       simultaneously.

       The  sa_handler	member identifies the action to be associated with the
       specified signal, if the	 SA_SIGINFO flag (see below) is cleared in the
       sa_flags	 field of the sigaction structure. It may take any of the val‐
       ues specified in signal.h(3HEAD) or that of  a  user  specified	signal
       handler.	  If  the   SA_SIGINFO	flag is set in the sa_flags field, the
       sa_sigaction field specifies a signal-catching function.

       The sa_mask member specifies a set of signals to be blocked  while  the
       signal  handler	is active. On entry to the signal handler, that set of
       signals is added to the set of signals already being blocked  when  the
       signal is delivered. In addition, the signal that caused the handler to
       be executed will also be blocked, unless the  SA_NODEFER flag has  been
       specified.  SIGSTOP and	SIGKILL cannot be blocked (the system silently
       enforces this restriction).

       The sa_flags member specifies a set of flags used to modify the	deliv‐
       ery of the signal. It is formed by a logical OR of any of the following
       values:

       SA_ONSTACK
		       If set and the signal is caught, and if the thread that
		       is chosen to processes a delivered signal has an alter‐
		       nate signal stack declared with sigaltstack(2), then it
		       will  process  the signal on that stack. Otherwise, the
		       signal is delivered on the thread's normal stack.

       SA_RESETHAND
		       If set and the signal is caught, the disposition of the
		       signal  is  reset to SIG_DFL and the signal will not be
		       blocked on entry to the signal  handler	(SIGILL,  SIG‐
		       TRAP,  and  SIGPWR  cannot be  automatically reset when
		       delivered; the system silently enforces	this  restric‐
		       tion).

       SA_NODEFER
		       If set and the signal is caught, the signal will not be
		       automatically blocked by the kernel while it  is	 being
		       caught.

       SA_RESTART
		       If  set	and  the  signal is caught, functions that are
		       interrupted by the execution of this  signal's  handler
		       are  transparently  restarted  by  the  system,	namely
		       fcntl(2), ioctl(2), wait(3C), waitid(2), and  the  fol‐
		       lowing	functions  on  slow  devices  like  terminals:
		       getmsg() and getpmsg() (see getmsg(2));	 putmsg()  and
		       putpmsg() (see putmsg(2)); pread(), read(), and readv()
		       (see read(2)); pwrite(),	 write(),  and	writev()  (see
		       write(2));   recv(),  recvfrom(),  and  recvmsg()  (see
		       recv(3SOCKET)); and  send(),  sendto(),	and  sendmsg()
		       (see send(3SOCKET)). Otherwise, the function returns an
		       EINTR error.

       SA_SIGINFO
		       If cleared and the signal is caught, sig is  passed  as
		       the  only  argument to the signal-catching function. If
		       set and the signal is caught,  two additional arguments
		       are  passed  to	the  signal-catching function.	If the
		       second argument is not equal to NULL, it	 points	 to  a
		       siginfo_t  structure containing the reason why the sig‐
		       nal was generated  (see	siginfo.h(3HEAD));  the	 third
		       argument	 points	 to  a ucontext_t structure containing
		       the receiving process's context	when  the  signal  was
		       delivered (see ucontext.h(3HEAD)).

       SA_NOCLDWAIT
		       If  set	and  sig  equals  SIGCHLD, the system will not
		       create zombie processes when children  of  the  calling
		       process	exit.  If  the	calling	 process  subsequently
		       issues a wait(3C), it blocks until all of  the  calling
		       process's  child	 processes terminate, and then returns
		       −1 with errno set to ECHILD.

       SA_NOCLDSTOP
		       If set and sig equals SIGCHLD, SIGCHLD will not be sent
		       to the calling process when its child processes stop or
		       continue.

RETURN VALUES
       Upon successful completion, 0 is returned. Otherwise, −1	 is  returned,
       errno  is  set  to  indicate  the  error,  and no new signal handler is
       installed.

ERRORS
       The sigaction() function will fail if:

       EINVAL
		 The value of the sig argument is not a valid signal number or
		 is  equal  to SIGKILL or SIGSTOP. In addition, if in a multi‐
		 threaded process, it is equal to  SIGWAITING,	SIGCANCEL,  or
		 SIGLWP.

ATTRIBUTES
       See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:

       ┌────────────────────┬───────────────────┐
       │  ATTRIBUTE TYPE    │  ATTRIBUTE VALUE	│
       ├────────────────────┼───────────────────┤
       │Interface Stability │ Committed		│
       ├────────────────────┼───────────────────┤
       │MT-Level	    │ Async-Signal-Safe │
       ├────────────────────┼───────────────────┤
       │Standard	    │ See standards(5). │
       └────────────────────┴───────────────────┘

SEE ALSO
       kill(1),	 Intro(2),  exit(2),  fcntl(2),	 getmsg(2), ioctl(2), kill(2),
       pause(2),   putmsg(2),	read(2),    sigaltstack(2),    sigprocmask(2),
       sigsend(2),    sigsuspend(2),   waitid(2),   write(2),	recv(3SOCKET),
       send(3SOCKET), siginfo.h(3HEAD),	 signal(3C),  signal.h(3HEAD),	sigse‐
       tops(3C), ucontext.h(3HEAD), wait(3C), attributes(5), standards(5)

NOTES
       The handler routine can be declared:

	 void handler (int sig, siginfo_t *sip, ucontext_t *ucp);

       The  sig	 argument  is the signal number. The sip argument is a pointer
       (to space on the stack) to a siginfo_t structure, which provides	 addi‐
       tional  detail  about the delivery of the signal. The ucp argument is a
       pointer (again to  space	 on  the  stack)  to  a	 ucontext_t  structure
       (defined	 in  <sys/ucontext.h>)	which contains the context from before
       the signal.  It is not recommended that ucp be used by the  handler  to
       restore the context from before the signal delivery.

				 Mar 23, 2005			  SIGACTION(2)
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