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SEND(3SOCKET)							 SEND(3SOCKET)

NAME
       send, sendto, sendmsg - send a message from a socket

SYNOPSIS
       cc [ flag... ] file... -lsocket	-lnsl  [ library... ]
       #include <sys/types.h>
       #include <sys/socket.h>

       ssize_t send(int s, const void *msg, size_t len, int flags);

       ssize_t sendto(int s, const void *msg, size_t len, int flags,
	    const struct sockaddr *to, int  tolen);

       ssize_t sendmsg(int s, const struct msghdr *msg, int flags);

DESCRIPTION
       The  send(),  sendto(),	and sendmsg() functions are used to transmit a
       message to another transport end-point. The send() function can be used
       only when the socket is in a connected state. See connect(3SOCKET). The
       sendto() and sendmsg() functions can be used at any time. The s	socket
       is created with socket(3SOCKET).

       The address of the target is supplied by to with a tolen parameter used
       to specify the size. The length of the message is supplied by  the  len
       parameter.  For	socket	types  such  as	 SOCK_DGRAM  and SOCK_RAW that
       require atomic messages, the error EMSGSIZE is returned and the message
       is  not	transmitted when it is too long to pass atomically through the
       underlying protocol. The same restrictions do not apply to  SOCK_STREAM
       sockets.

       A  return value −1 indicates locally detected errors. It does not imply
       a delivery failure.

       If the socket does not have enough buffer space	available  to  hold  a
       message,	 the send() function blocks the message, unless the socket has
       been placed in non-blocking I/O mode (see fcntl(2)). The select(3C)  or
       poll(2)	call can be used to determine when it is possible to send more
       data.

       The flags parameter is formed from the bitwise OR of zero  or  more  of
       the following:

       MSG_OOB
			Send  out-of-band  data	 on  sockets that support this
			notion. The underlying protocol must also support out-
			of-band	 data. Only SOCK_STREAM sockets created in the
			AF_INET or the AF_INET6 address family support out-of-
			band data.

       MSG_DONTROUTE
			The  SO_DONTROUTE option is turned on for the duration
			of the operation.  It is used only  by	diagnostic  or
			routing programs.

       See recv(3SOCKET) for a description of the msghdr structure.

RETURN VALUES
       Upon  successful completion, these functions return the number of bytes
       sent.  Otherwise, they return -1 and set errno to indicate the error.

ERRORS
       The send(), sendto(), and sendmsg() functions return errors  under  the
       following conditions:

       EBADF
		       s is not a valid file descriptor.

       EINTR
		       The  operation  was interrupted by delivery of a signal
		       before any data could be buffered to be sent.

       EMSGSIZE
		       The message is too large to be sent all at once (as the
		       socket  requires),  or  the  msg_iovlen	member	of the
		       msghdr structure pointed to by message is less than  or
		       equal to 0 or is greater than {IOV_MAX}.

       ENOMEM
		       Insufficient memory is available to complete the opera‐
		       tion.

       ENOSR
		       Insufficient STREAMS resources are  available  for  the
		       operation to complete.

       ENOTSOCK
		       s is not a socket.

       EWOULDBLOCK
		       The  socket  is	marked	non-blocking and the requested
		       operation would block.  EWOULDBLOCK  is	also  returned
		       when  sufficient memory is not immediately available to
		       allocate a suitable buffer. In such a case, the	opera‐
		       tion can be retried later.

       ECONNREFUSED
		       The  requested  connection was refused by the peer. For
		       conected IPv4 and IPv6 datagram sockets, this indicates
		       that  the  system  received  an	ICMP  Destination Port
		       Unreachable message from the peer in response  to  some
		       prior transmission.

       The  send()  and	 sendto()  functions return errors under the following
       conditions:

       EINVAL
		 The len argument overflows a ssize_t.

		 Inconsistent port attributes for system call.

       The sendto() function returns errors under the following conditions:

       EINVAL
		 The value specified for the tolen parameter is not  the  size
		 of a valid address for the specified address family.

       EISCON
		 A destination address was specified and the socket is already
		 connected.

       The sendmsg() function returns errors under the following conditions:

       EINVAL
		 The msg_iovlen member of the msghdr structure pointed	to  by
		 msg  is  less	than  or equal to 0, or the sum of the iov_len
		 values in the msg_iov array overflows a ssize_t.

		 One of the iov_len values in the msg_iov array member of  the
		 msghdr structure pointed to by msg is negative, or the sum of
		 the iov_len values in the msg_iov array overflows a ssize_t.

		 msg_iov contents are inconsistent with port attributes.

       The send() function returns errors under the following conditions:

       EPIPE
		The socket is shut down for writing, or the socket is  connec‐
		tion-mode  and	is no longer connected. In the latter case, if
		the socket is of type SOCK_STREAM, the SIGPIPE signal is  gen‐
		erated to the calling thread.

ATTRIBUTES
       See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:

       ┌────────────────────┬─────────────────┐
       │  ATTRIBUTE TYPE    │ ATTRIBUTE VALUE │
       ├────────────────────┼─────────────────┤
       │Interface Stability │ Committed	      │
       ├────────────────────┼─────────────────┤
       │MT-Level	    │ Safe	      │
       └────────────────────┴─────────────────┘

SEE ALSO
       fcntl(2),  poll(2),  write(2),  connect(3SOCKET),  getsockopt(3SOCKET),
       recv(3SOCKET),	 select(3C),	 socket(3SOCKET),     socket.h(3HEAD),
       attributes(5)

				 Aug 31, 2009			 SEND(3SOCKET)
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