sa man page on DigitalUNIX

Man page or keyword search:  
man Server   12896 pages
apropos Keyword Search (all sections)
Output format
DigitalUNIX logo
[printable version]

sa(8)									 sa(8)

NAME
       sa - Summarizes accounting records

SYNOPSIS
       /usr/sbin/sa  [-abcdDfijkKlmnorstu] [-v number] [-S savefile] [-U user‐
       file] [filename]

OPTIONS
       Outputs all command names (including those containing unprintable char‐
       acters  and commands used only once) in the last column. In the default
       format, such commands are summed and the total is written as the	 entry
       ***other.   Sorts  cpu output column 3 according to the sum of user and
       system CPU time divided by the amount of CPU time required  to  execute
       the  command entered in the last column (6) as many times as is entered
       in the first column (1).	 Adds three percentage columns to the  default
       format to list percentages as follows: Lists the percentage of the num‐
       ber of times each command was executed with respect to the total number
       of times all commands were executed (see 1a below).  Lists the percent‐
       age of the amount of real time required to  execute  each  command  the
       number  of  times entered in the first column with respect to the total
       real time required to execute the total of all commands entered in  the
       last column (see 2a below).  Lists the percentage of the amount of com‐
       mand CPU time required to execute each  command	the  number  of	 times
       entered in the first column with respect to the total CPU time required
       to execute the total of all commands entered in the last column (see 3a
       below).	 Sorts avio output column (4) in descending order according to
       the average number of disk I/O operations.  Substitutes tio column (4a)
       for  the	 avio  (4) column and sorts tio output column 4a in descending
       order according to the total number of disk I/O operations.  Used  with
       the  -v option to inhibit interactive threshold comparison of commands.
       Reads raw database file /var/adm/pacct only. Does not  include  records
       from  summary database file /var/adm/savacct.  Outputs the average num‐
       ber of seconds per command in default columns 2, 3, and	4  instead  of
       the  total  time in minutes for the number of calls entered in column 1
       for each command.  Sorts and outputs records according to the value  in
       the  k  output  column 5 in descending order.  Substitutes k*sec column
       (5a) for the k (5) column and sorts the k*sec output column in descend‐
       ing  order  according  to the value of the memory time integral.	 Sepa‐
       rates cpu column 3 into two columns. The new column entries are	column
       3a,  which lists the s (system) part of the CPU minutes, and column 3b,
       which lists the u (user) part of the CPU minutes.  Outputs  a  5-column
       file,  which  provides  the information in the following table.	Listed
       below in left-to-right order are the column identification suffixes, or
       none  when no suffix is used, and the purpose of the column.  Some col‐
       umns are identical to the default output format described in the	 table
       in  the	DESCRIPTION  section;  these  are marked with an asterisk (*).
       Username or user ID as written in the /etc/passwd file.	The total num‐
       ber  of	processes  executed  by the user during the accounting period.
       Same as column 3 in the default output file.  Same as column 4a in  the
       default	output	file.	Same  as column 5a in the default output file.
       Outputs the default format sorted in descending order according to  the
       number  of  times each command was called.  Substitutes, in the default
       output format, the ratio of user CPU time (u) to system CPU time (s) as
       u/s  in	column	3 in place of the total user and system CPU time (cpu)
       for the number of calls entered in the first column.  The default  for‐
       mat,  described	under  Description,  is	 resorted  in  ascending order
       according to the values entered in column 3, cpu time. This sort is the
       reverse of the default sort.  Merges information in accounting database
       file /var/adm/pacct with summary files you specify with the -U  and  -S
       options,	 or  merges  the database file information with information in
       default files /var/adm/usracct or /var/adm/savacct.  After  the	merge,
       database	 file /var/adm/pacct is truncated. The use of this option also
       implies the use of the -a option.  Uses savefile as the command summary
       file  in place of file /var/adm/savacct.	 Adds the re/cp column (3d) to
       the default format. Entries in this column express the  ratio  of  real
       time  to total (cpu) time, which is the sum of user and system time for
       each command entered in the last column.	 Suspends  all	other  options
       and  prints  the user numeric ID, the CPU time, memory usage, number of
       I/O operations, and the command name for each command.	Uses  userfile
       as  the	user  summary file in place of file /var/adm/usracct to record
       per-user statistics output with the -m option.  Prints, as a query, the
       name  of each command used number times or fewer to the standard output
       as follows:

	      command--

	      where command-- is the name of the command written to the	 stan‐
	      dard output by sa.

	      When  you respond by typing y to the standard input, the command
	      record is omitted from a default-formatted list at  the  end  of
	      the  interactive command queries written to the standard output.
	      The columnar values of the omitted  record  are  totaled	in  an
	      added  record  whose command name is **junk** in the last column
	      of that list. When you type any other character, the record  for
	      the  queried  command name remains in the default output list at
	      the end of the interactive  commands  written  to	 the  standard
	      input.

OPERANDS
       Process	accounting  file name. If this optional operand is absent, the
       sa command uses /var/adm/pacct as the default process accounting file.

DESCRIPTION
       The sa command helps you manage the large volume of accounting informa‐
       tion that is generated each day when system accounting has been enabled
       by the system administrator or by the superuser.

       When you use the -s option with the  sa	command,  the  information  in
       /var/adm/pacct  is  condensed into summary file /var/adm/savacct, which
       contains a count of the number of times each command was called and the
       amount of time system resources were used.

       Condensed  information  for  each  user	is stored in /var/adm/usracct.
       This condensed-information file conserves storage space	because	 on  a
       large  system the /var/adm/pacct daily process file can grow by as many
       as 100 blocks per day.  Summary files are normally read before account‐
       ing  files  are,	 so  that  files  produced by sa include all available
       information.

       When a file name is given as the	 last  argument,  the  named  file  is
       treated	as the process accounting file. The /var/adm/pacct file is the
       default process accounting file.

       When the sa command is invoked with no options, the default output sum‐
       mary  is an unheaded 6-column file consisting of, in some cases, infor‐
       mation having an identification suffix in the column.  The  identifica‐
       tion suffix may be changed from the default (no options specified) out‐
       put format by using various options.

       The following table lists the columns with left-to-right reference col‐
       umn  numbers  (not  included  in	 output) for the default format on the
       left, the identification suffix for the entry when one is used (or none
       when  one  is not in the middle), and the purpose of the information in
       that column on the right.

       Columns having more than one identification suffix description  (2  and
       2a,  for	 example)  use the alternate suffix designation in the same sa
       output printout column for each of the listed alternate entries for the
       column.	 For example, the second column has two possible suffix desig‐
       nations: re and %. The re reference in the middle column describes  the
       information  in	the second column of the output printed by the sa com‐
       mand when  this	suffix	is  used.  Correspondingly,  the  %  reference
       describes the information in the sa output when the % suffix is used.

       1    none     The number of times the command entered in the last
		     column (6) was called.
       1a   %	     When the -c option is used,  sa  adds  this  column
		     after column 1 to list the number of times the com‐
		     mand was called (entered in column 1) as a percent‐
		     age  of  the  total  number  of  times all commands
		     entered in the last column were called.
       2    re	     The number of real-time (elapsed) minutes	required
		     to	 execute  the command entered in the last column
		     (6) as many times as is entered in the first column
		     (1).
       2a   %	     When  the -c option is used, sa also adds this col‐
		     umn after column 2 to list the amount of real  time
		     (entered  in column 2) required to process the com‐
		     mand entered in the last column (6) as many time as
		     is entered in the first column (1), as a percentage
		     of the  total  amount  of	real  time  required  to
		     process all of the commands listed in the last col‐
		     umn.
       3    cpu	     The number of CPU (user plus system)  minutes  used
		     to	 execute  the command entered in the last column
		     (6) as many times as is entered in the first column
		     (1).
       3a   u	     The number of user CPU minutes used.
       3b   s	     The number of system CPU minutes used.
       3c   u/s	     When  the -o option is used, substitutes u/s column
		     (3c) for the cpu (3) column and sorts the u/s  out‐
		     put  column  in  descending  order according to the
		     ratio of user CPU time to system CPU time.
       3d   %	     When the -c option is used, sa also adds this  col‐
		     umn  after	 column 3 to list the amount of CPU time
		     (entered in column 3) required to process the  com‐
		     mand,  entered  in	 the  last column, the number of
		     times, entered in the first column, as a percentage
		     of	 the  total  CPU time required to process all of
		     the commands listed in the last column.
       3e   re/cpu   When the -t option is used, adds the re/cpu  column
		     to the default output format.  Entries in this col‐
		     umn express the ratio of real CPU process	time  to
		     total  CPU time (cpu), which includes user and sys‐
		     tem time.	These entries appear after  entries  for
		     the cpu (3) column. The default output sort remains
		     unchanged.
       4    avio     The average number of input/output	 operations  for
		     each listed command.
       4a   tio	     The  total	 number	 of  input/output operations for
		     each listed command.
       5    k	     The average number of kiloblocks (blocks x 1024) of
		     memory used for each command process.
       5a   k*sec    CPU  storage-time	integral in K-core seconds (sec‐
		     onds x 1024).
       6    none     The command name. A trailing asterisk (*) indicates
		     a forked program.

       Other  considerations  for entries in the printed sa output are as fol‐
       lows: All times are expressed to nearest	 one  hundredth.  The  default
       format is sorted in descending order according to the values entered in
       column 3, cpu time.  You should not share accounting files among	 nodes
       in  a  distributed  environment.	 Each node should have its own copy of
       the various accounting files.  When you are also using /usr/sbin/acct/*
       accounting   commands,	do   not  delete  accounting  records  in  the
       /var/adm/pacct process accounting source	 file  because	these  records
       also  provide  information for summary data files when the -s option is
       used.

EXAMPLES
       Use the sa command with the -a option to summarize  accounting  records
       for all commands entered in the /var/adm/pacct process database file:

	      % sa  -a

	      Commands	 used  only once are summed with the entry ***other in
	      the last column of the default output format.  Use the  sa  com‐
	      mand  with the -k option to summarize accounting records accord‐
	      ing to the average number of kiloblocks of memory used for  each
	      command:

	      % sa  -k

FILES
       Specifies  the  command	path  Default process accounting database file
       Default system process accounting summary  file	Default	 user  process
       accounting summary file

SEE ALSO
       Commands:  acct(8),  acctcms(8),	 acctcom(8),  acctcon(8), acctmerg(8),
       acctprc(8), fwtmp(8), runacct(8)

									 sa(8)
[top]

List of man pages available for DigitalUNIX

Copyright (c) for man pages and the logo by the respective OS vendor.

For those who want to learn more, the polarhome community provides shell access and support.

[legal] [privacy] [GNU] [policy] [cookies] [netiquette] [sponsors] [FAQ]
Tweet
Polarhome, production since 1999.
Member of Polarhome portal.
Based on Fawad Halim's script.
....................................................................
Vote for polarhome
Free Shell Accounts :: the biggest list on the net