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RPC(3NSL)							     RPC(3NSL)

NAME
       rpc - library routines for remote procedure calls

SYNOPSIS
       cc [ flag ... ] file ... -lnsl [ library ... ]
       #include <rpc/rpc.h>
       #include <netconfig.h>

DESCRIPTION
       These  routines	allow  C  language programs to make procedure calls on
       other machines across a network. First, the client sends a  request  to
       the server. On receipt of the request, the server calls a dispatch rou‐
       tine to perform the requested service, and then sends back a reply.

       All RPC routines require the header <rpc/rpc.h>. Routines that  take  a
       netconfig structure also require that <netconfig.h> be included. Appli‐
       cations using  RPC and  XDR routines should be linked with  the	libnsl
       library.

   Multithread Considerations
       In the case of multithreaded applications, the -mt option must be spec‐
       ified on the command line at compilation time to enable	a  thread-spe‐
       cific   version	 of  rpc_createerr().  See  rpc_clnt_create(3NSL)  and
       threads(5).

       When used in multithreaded applications, client-side routines  are  MT-
       Safe.   CLIENT  handles can be shared between threads; however, in this
       implementation, requests by different threads are serialized (that  is,
       the first request will receive its results before the second request is
       sent). See rpc_clnt_create(3NSL).

       When used in multithreaded applications, server-side routines are  usu‐
       ally Unsafe. In this implementation the service transport handle, SVCX‐
       PRT contains a single data area for  decoding  arguments	 and  encoding
       results.	 See rpc_svc_create(3NSL). Therefore, this structure cannot be
       freely shared between threads that call functions that do  this.	  Rou‐
       tines that are affected by this restriction are marked as unsafe for MT
       applications. See rpc_svc_calls(3NSL).

   Nettyp
       Some of the high-level RPC interface routines take a nettype string  as
       one  of	the  parameters	 (for  example,	 clnt_create(),	 svc_create(),
       rpc_reg(), rpc_call()). This string defines a class of transports which
       can be used for a particular application.

       nettype can be one of the following:

       netpath
		     Choose  from  the transports which have been indicated by
		     their token names in the NETPATH environment variable. If
		     NETPATH is unset or NULL, it defaults to visible. netpath
		     is the default nettype.

       visible
		     Choose the transports which have the visible flag (v) set
		     in the /etc/netconfig file.

       circuit_v
		     This  is  same as visible except that it chooses only the
		     connection oriented  transports  (semantics  tpi_cots  or
		     tpi_cots_ord)  from  the  entries	in  the /etc/netconfig
		     file.

       datagram_v
		     This is same as visible except that it chooses  only  the
		     connectionless  datagram  transports (semantics tpi_clts)
		     from the entries in the /etc/netconfig file.

       circuit_n
		     This is same as netpath except that it chooses  only  the
		     connection	  oriented   datagram	transports  (semantics
		     tpi_cots or tpi_cots_ord).

       datagram_n
		     This is same as netpath except that it chooses  only  the
		     connectionless datagram transports (semantics tpi_clts).

       udp
		     This refers to Internet UDP.

       tcp
		     This refers to Internet TCP.

       If   nettype is	NULL, it defaults to netpath. The transports are tried
       in left to right order in the NETPATH variable or in top to down	 order
       in the /etc/netconfig file.

   Derived Types
       In a 64-bit environment, the derived types are defined as follows:

       typedef	 uint32_t   rpcprog_t;
       typedef	 uint32_t   rpcvers_t;
       typedef	 uint32_t   rpcproc_t;
       typedef	 uint32_t   rpcprot_t;
       typedef	 uint32_t   rpcport_t;
       typedef	 int32_t    rpc_inline_t;

       In a 32-bit environment, the derived types are defined as follows:

       typedef	 unsigned long	 rpcprog_t;
       typedef	 unsigned long	 rpcvers_t;
       typedef	 unsigned long	 rpcproc_t;
       typedef	 unsigned long	 rpcprot_t;
       typedef	 unsigned long	 rpcport_t;
       typedef	 long		 rpc_inline_t;

   Data Structures
       Some of the data structures used by the RPC package are shown below.

   The AUTH Structure
	 union	des_block  {
		 struct	 {
		 u_int32  high;
		 u_int32  low;
		 }  key;
	 char  c[8];
	 };
	 typedef  union	 des_block  des_block;
	 extern	 bool_t	 xdr_des_block();
	 /*
	  *  Authentication  info.  Opaque  to	client.
	 */
	 struct	 opaque_auth  {
		 enum_t oa_flavor;	 /* flavor of auth */
		 caddr_t oa_base;	 /* address of more auth stuff */
		 uint_t oa_length;	 /* not to exceed MAX_AUTH_BYTES */
	 };
	 /*
	  * Auth handle, interface to client side  authenticators.
	 */
	  typedef  struct  {
		 struct opaque_auth ah_cred;
		 struct opaque_auth ah_verf;
		 union	des_block ah_key;
		 struct	 auth_ops  {
			 void(*ah_nextverf)();
			 int(*ah_marshal)();	 /* nextverf & serialize */
			 int(*ah_validate)();	 /* validate verifier */
			 int(*ah_refresh)();	 /* refresh credentials */
			 void(*ah_destroy)();	 /* destroy this structure */
		 }  *ah_ops;
		 caddr_t  ah_private;
	 }  AUTH;

   The CLIENT Structure
	 /*
	  *  Client  rpc  handle.
	  *  Created  by  individual  implementations.
	  *  Client is responsible for initializing auth.
	  */
		 typedef  struct  {
		 AUTH	 *cl_auth;	 /* authenticator */
		 struct clnt_ops {
		       enum clnt_stat (*cl_call)();   /* call remote procedure */
		       void (*cl_abort)();	      /* abort a call */
		       void (*cl_geterr)();	      /* get specific error code */
		       bool_t (*cl_freeres)();	      /* frees results */
		       void (*cl_destroy)();	      /* destroy this structure */
		       bool_t (*cl_control)();	      /* the ioctl() of rpc */
		       int (*cl_settimers)();	      /* set rpc level timers */
		      } *cl_ops;
		      caddr_t	 cl_private;		      /* private stuff */
		      char	 *cl_netid;		      /* network identifier */
		      char	 *cl_tp;		      /* device name */
	 }  CLIENT;

   The SVCXPRT Structure
	 enum  xprt_stat  {
	 XPRT_DIED,
	 XPRT_MOREREQS,
	 XPRT_IDLE
	 };
	 /*
	  *  Server  side  transport  handle
	  */
	 typedef  struct  {
		 int	 xp_fd;			 /* file descriptor for the
		 ushort_t xp_port;		 /* obsolete */
		 struct xp_ops {
		    bool_t (*xp_recv)(); /* receive incoming requests */
		    enum xprt_stat (*xp_stat)(); /* get transport status */
		    bool_t (*xp_getargs)();	 /* get arguments */
		    bool_t (*xp_reply)();	 /* send reply */
		    bool_t (*xp_freeargs)();	 /* free mem allocated
							    for args */
		    void (*xp_destroy)();	 /* destroy this struct */
		 } *xp_ops;
		 int xp_addrlen;		 /* length of remote addr.
						    Obsolete */
		 char *xp_tp;			 /* transport provider device
						    name */
		 char *xp_netid;		 /* network identifier */
		 struct netbuf xp_ltaddr;	 /* local transport address */
		 struct netbuf xp_rtaddr;	 /* remote transport address */
		 char xp_raddr[16];		 /* remote address. Obsolete */
		 struct opaque_auth xp_verf;	 /* raw response verifier */
		 caddr_t xp_p1;			 /* private: for use
						    by svc ops */
		 caddr_t xp_p2;			 /* private: for use
						    by svc ops */
		 caddr_t xp_p3;			 /* private: for use
						    by svc lib */
		 int xp_type			 /* transport type */
	 }  SVCXPRT;

   The svc_reg Structure
	 struct	 svc_req  {
	    rpcprog_t rq_prog;		/* service program number */
	    rpcvers_t rq_vers;		/* service protocol version */
	    rpcproc_t rq_proc;		/* the desired procedure */
	    struct opaque_auth rq_cred; /* raw creds from the wire */
	    caddr_t rq_clntcred;	/* read only cooked cred */
	    SVCXPRT *rq_xprt;		/* associated transport */

	 };

   The XDR Structure
	 /*
	  * XDR operations.
	  * XDR_ENCODE causes the type to be encoded into the stream.
	  * XDR_DECODE causes the type to be extracted from the stream.
	  * XDR_FREE can be used to release the space allocated by an XDR_DECODE
	  * request.
	  */
	 enum xdr_op {
	     XDR_ENCODE=0,
	     XDR_DECODE=1,
	     XDR_FREE=2
	 };
	 /*
	  * This is the number of bytes per unit of external data.
	  */
	 #define BYTES_PER_XDR_UNIT		(4)
	 #define RNDUP(x)  ((((x) + BYTES_PER_XDR_UNIT - 1) /
			    BYTES_PER_XDR_UNIT) \ * BYTES_PER_XDR_UNIT)
	 /*
	  * A xdrproc_t exists for each data type which is to be encoded or
	  * decoded.  The second argument to the xdrproc_t is a pointer to
	  * an opaque pointer.	The opaque pointer generally points to a
	  * structure of the data type to be decoded.  If this points to 0,
	  * then the type routines should allocate dynamic storage of the
	  * appropriate size and return it.
	  * bool_t  (*xdrproc_t)(XDR *, caddr_t *);
	  */
	 typedef  bool_t (*xdrproc_t)();
	 /*
	  * The XDR handle.
	  * Contains operation which is being applied to the stream,
	  * an operations vector for the particular implementation
	  */
	 typedef struct {

	 enum xdr_op x_op;    /* operation; fast additional param */
	 struct	 xdr_ops  {

	 bool_t	      (*x_getlong)();	   /* get long from underlying stream */
	 bool_t	      (*x_putlong)();	   /* put long to underlying stream */
	 bool_t	      (*x_getbytes)();	   /* get bytes from underlying stream */
	 bool_t	      (*x_putbytes)();	   /* put bytes to underlying stream */
	 uint_t	      (*x_getpostn)();	   /* returns bytes off from beginning */
	 bool_t	      (*x_setpostn)();	   /* reposition the stream */
	 rpc_inline_t *(*x_inline)();	   /* buf quick ptr to buffered data */
	 void	      (*x_destroy)();	   /* free privates of this xdr_stream */
	 bool_t	      (*x_control)();	   /* changed/retrieve client object info*/
	 bool_t	      (*x_getint32)();	   /* get int from underlying stream */
	 bool_t	      (*x_putint32)();	   /* put int to underlying stream */

	 } *x_ops;

	 caddr_t      x_public;		    /* users' data */
	 caddr_t      x_priv		    /* pointer to private data */
	 caddr_t      x_base;		    /* private used for position info */
	 int	      x_handy;		    /* extra private word */
	 XDR;

   Index to Routines
       The  following table lists  RPC routines and the manual reference pages
       on which they are described:

       RPC Routine
				  Manual Reference Page

       auth_destroy
				  rpc_clnt_auth(3NSL)

       authdes_create
				  rpc_soc(3NSL)

       authdes_getucred
				  secure_rpc(3NSL)

       authdes_seccreate
				  secure_rpc(3NSL)

       authnone_create
				  rpc_clnt_auth(3NSL)

       authsys_create
				  rpc_clnt_auth(3NSL)

       authsys_create_default
				  rpc_clnt_auth(3NSL)

       authunix_create
				  rpc_soc(3NSL)

       authunix_create_default
				  rpc_soc(3NSL)

       callrpc
				  rpc_soc(3NSL)

       clnt_broadcast
				  rpc_soc(3NSL)

       clnt_call
				  rpc_clnt_calls(3NSL)

       clnt_control
				  rpc_clnt_create(3NSL)

       clnt_create
				  rpc_clnt_create(3NSL)

       clnt_destroy
				  rpc_clnt_create(3NSL)

       clnt_dg_create
				  rpc_clnt_create(3NSL)

       clnt_freeres
				  rpc_clnt_calls(3NSL)

       clnt_geterr
				  rpc_clnt_calls(3NSL)

       clnt_pcreateerror
				  rpc_clnt_create(3NSL)

       clnt_perrno
				  rpc_clnt_calls(3NSL)

       clnt_perror
				  rpc_clnt_calls(3NSL)

       clnt_raw_create
				  rpc_clnt_create(3NSL)

       clnt_spcreateerror
				  rpc_clnt_create(3NSL)

       clnt_sperrno
				  rpc_clnt_calls(3NSL)

       clnt_sperror
				  rpc_clnt_calls(3NSL)

       clnt_tli_create
				  rpc_clnt_create(3NSL)

       clnt_tp_create
				  rpc_clnt_create(3NSL)

       clnt_udpcreate
				  rpc_soc(3NSL)

       clnt_vc_create
				  rpc_clnt_create(3NSL)

       clntraw_create
				  rpc_soc(3NSL)

       clnttcp_create
				  rpc_soc(3NSL)

       clntudp_bufcreate
				  rpc_soc(3NSL)

       get_myaddress
				  rpc_soc(3NSL)

       getnetname
				  secure_rpc(3NSL)

       host2netname
				  secure_rpc(3NSL)

       key_decryptsession
				  secure_rpc(3NSL)

       key_encryptsession
				  secure_rpc(3NSL)

       key_gendes
				  secure_rpc(3NSL)

       key_setsecret
				  secure_rpc(3NSL)

       netname2host
				  secure_rpc(3NSL)

       netname2user
				  secure_rpc(3NSL)

       pmap_getmaps
				  rpc_soc(3NSL)

       pmap_getport
				  rpc_soc(3NSL)

       pmap_rmtcall
				  rpc_soc(3NSL)

       pmap_set
				  rpc_soc(3NSL)

       pmap_unset
				  rpc_soc(3NSL)

       registerrpc
				  rpc_soc(3NSL)

       rpc_broadcast
				  rpc_clnt_calls(3NSL)

       rpc_broadcast_exp
				  rpc_clnt_calls(3NSL)

       rpc_call
				  rpc_clnt_calls(3NSL)

       rpc_reg
				  rpc_svc_calls(3NSL)

       svc_create
				  rpc_svc_create(3NSL)

       svc_destroy
				  rpc_svc_create(3NSL)

       svc_dg_create
				  rpc_svc_create(3NSL)

       svc_dg_enablecache
				  rpc_svc_calls(3NSL)

       svc_fd_create
				  rpc_svc_create(3NSL)

       svc_fds
				  rpc_soc(3NSL)

       svc_freeargs
				  rpc_svc_reg(3NSL)

       svc_getargs
				  rpc_svc_reg(3NSL)

       svc_getcaller
				  rpc_soc(3NSL)

       svc_getreq
				  rpc_soc(3NSL)

       svc_getreqset
				  rpc_svc_calls(3NSL)

       svc_getrpccaller
				  rpc_svc_calls(3NSL)

       svc_raw_create
				  rpc_svc_create(3NSL)

       svc_reg
				  rpc_svc_calls(3NSL)

       svc_register
				  rpc_soc(3NSL)

       svc_run
				  rpc_svc_reg(3NSL)

       svc_sendreply
				  rpc_svc_reg(3NSL)

       svc_tli_create
				  rpc_svc_create(3NSL)

       svc_tp_create
				  rpc_svc_create(3NSL)

       svc_unreg
				  rpc_svc_calls(3NSL)

       svc_unregister
				  rpc_soc(3NSL)

       svc_vc_create
				  rpc_svc_create(3NSL)

       svcerr_auth
				  rpc_svc_err(3NSL)

       svcerr_decode
				  rpc_svc_err(3NSL)

       svcerr_noproc
				  rpc_svc_err(3NSL)

       svcerr_noprog
				  rpc_svc_err(3NSL)

       svcerr_progvers
				  rpc_svc_err(3NSL)

       svcerr_systemerr
				  rpc_svc_err(3NSL)

       svcerr_weakauth
				  rpc_svc_err(3NSL)

       svcfd_create
				  rpc_soc(3NSL)

       svcraw_create
				  rpc_soc(3NSL)

       svctcp_create
				  rpc_soc(3NSL)

       svcudp_bufcreate
				  rpc_soc(3NSL)

       svcudp_create
				  rpc_soc(3NSL)

       user2netname
				  secure_rpc(3NSL)

       xdr_accepted_reply
				  rpc_xdr(3NSL)

       xdr_authsys_parms
				  rpc_xdr(3NSL)

       xdr_authunix_parms
				  rpc_soc(3NSL)

       xdr_callhdr
				  rpc_xdr(3NSL)

       xdr_callmsg
				  rpc_xdr(3NSL)

       xdr_opaque_auth
				  rpc_xdr(3NSL)

       xdr_rejected_reply
				  rpc_xdr(3NSL)

       xdr_replymsg
				  rpc_xdr(3NSL)

       xprt_register
				  rpc_svc_calls(3NSL)

       xprt_unregister
				  rpc_svc_calls(3NSL)

FILES
       /etc/netconfig

ATTRIBUTES
       See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:

       ┌───────────────┬─────────────────────────┐
       │ATTRIBUTE TYPE │     ATTRIBUTE VALUE	 │
       ├───────────────┼─────────────────────────┤
       │MT-Level       │ MT-Safe with exceptions │
       └───────────────┴─────────────────────────┘

SEE ALSO
       getnetconfig(3NSL),	 getnetpath(3NSL),	  rpc_clnt_auth(3NSL),
       rpc_clnt_calls(3NSL),	rpc_clnt_create(3NSL),	  rpc_svc_calls(3NSL),
       rpc_svc_create(3NSL),	   rpc_svc_err(3NSL),	    rpc_svc_reg(3NSL),
       rpc_xdr(3NSL),  rpcbind(3NSL), secure_rpc(3NSL), threads(5), xdr(3NSL),
       netconfig(4), rpc(4), attributes(5), environ(5)

				  Jun 5, 2001			     RPC(3NSL)
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