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PROC(1)								       PROC(1)

NAME
       proc,  pflags,  pcred,  pldd,  psig, pstack, pfiles, pwdx, pstop, prun,
       pwait, ptime - proc tools

SYNOPSIS
       /usr/bin/pflags [-r] pid | core [/lwp] ...

       /usr/bin/pcred [pid | core]...

       /usr/bin/pcred [-u user/uid] [-g group/gid] [-G grouplist] pid...

       /usr/bin/pcred -l login pid...

       /usr/bin/pldd [-Fl] [pid | core]...

       /usr/bin/psig [-n] pid...

       /usr/bin/pstack [-F] pid | core [/lwp] ...

       /usr/bin/pfiles [-Fn] pid | core...

       /usr/bin/pwdx pid...

       /usr/bin/pstop pid[/lwp] ...

       /usr/bin/prun pid[/lwp] ...

       /usr/bin/pwait [-v] pid...

       /usr/bin/ptime [-Fm] -p pidlist

       /usr/bin/ptime [-m]command [arg]...

DESCRIPTION
       The proc tools are utilities  that  exercise  features  of  /proc  (see
       proc(4)). Most of them take a list of process-ids (pid). The tools that
       do take process-ids also accept /proc/nnn as a process-id, so the shell
       expansion /proc/* can be used to specify all processes in the system.

       Some of the proc tools can also be applied to core files (see core(4)).
       The tools that apply to core files accept a list of either process  IDs
       or names of core files or both.

       Some  of	 the  proc  tools can operate on individual threads. Users can
       examine only selected threads by appending /thread-id to the process-id
       or core. Multiple threads can be selected using the - and , delimiters.
       For example /1,2,7-9 examines threads 1, 2, 7, 8, and 9.

       See WARNINGS.

       pflags
		 Print the /proc tracing flags, the pending and held  signals,
		 and other /proc status information for each process or speci‐
		 fied lwps in each process.

       pcred
		 Print or set the credentials (effective, real, saved UIDs and
		 GIDs) of each process.

       pldd
		 List  the dynamic libraries linked into each process, includ‐
		 ing shared objects explicitly attached using dlopen(3C).  See
		 also ldd(1).

       psig
		 List  the  signal  actions  and handlers of each process. See
		 signal.h(3HEAD).

       pstack
		 Print a hex+symbolic stack trace for each process  or	speci‐
		 fied lwps in each process.

       pfiles
		 Report	 fstat(2)  and fcntl(2) information for all open files
		 in each process. For network endpoints, the local  (and  peer
		 if connected) address information is also provided. For sock‐
		 ets, the socket type, socket options  and  send  and  receive
		 buffer	 sizes	are  also provided. In addition, a path to the
		 file  is  reported  if	 the  information  is  available  from
		 /proc/pid/path.   This	 is not necessarily the same name used
		 to open the file. See proc(4) for more information.

       pwdx
		 Print the current working directory of each process.

       pstop
		 Stop each process or the specified lwps (PR_REQUESTED stop).

       prun
		 Set running each process or the specified lwps	 (the  inverse
		 of pstop).

       pwait
		 Wait for all of the specified processes to terminate.

       ptime
		 Time the command, like time(1), but using microstate account‐
		 ing for reproducible precision. Unlike time(1),  children  of
		 the command are not timed.

		 If the -p pidlist version is used, display a snapshot of tim‐
		 ing statistics for the specified processes. The  pidlist  may
		 either be a comma delineated list or a space delineated list.
		 Space delineated lists must be properly quoted to assure that
		 they are in a single argument.

OPTIONS
       The following general options are supported:

       -F
	     Force.  Grabs the target process even if another process has con‐
	     trol.

       -n
	     (psig and pfiles only) Sets non-verbose mode. psig displays  sig‐
	     nal  handler addresses rather than names. pfiles does not display
	     verbose information for each  file	 descriptor.  Instead,	pfiles
	     limits  its  output to the information that would be retrieved if
	     the process applied fstat(2) to each of its file descriptors.

       -r
	     (pflags only) If the process is  stopped,	displays  its  machine
	     registers.

       -v
	     (pwait only) Verbose. Reports terminations to standard output.

       In  addition  to	 the  general  options,	 pcred	supports the following
       options:

       -g group/gid
		       Sets the real, effective, and saved group ids (GIDs) of
		       the target processes to the specified value.

       -G grouplist
		       Sets  the  supplementary	 GIDs of the target process to
		       the specified list of groups. The supplementary	groups
		       should  be specified as a comma-separated list of group
		       names ids. An empty list clears the supplementary group
		       list of the target processes.

       -l login
		       Sets  the real, effective, and saved UIDs of the target
		       processes to the UID of the specified login.  Sets  the
		       real, effective, and saved GIDs of the target processes
		       to the GID of the specified login.  Sets the supplemen‐
		       tary group list to the supplementary groups list of the
		       specified login.

       -u user/uid
		       Sets the real, effective, and saved user ids (UIDs)  of
		       the target processes to the specified value.

       In addition to the general options, pldd supports the following option:

       -l
	     Shows unresolved dynamic linker map names.

       In  addition  to	 the  general  options,	 ptime	supports the following
       options:

       -m
		 Display the full set of microstate accounting statistics.

		 The displayed fields are as follows:

		 real
			 Wall clock time.

		 user
			 User level CPU time.

		 sys
			 System call CPU time.

		 trap
			 Other system trap CPU time.

		 tflt
			 Text page fault sleep time.

		 dflt
			 Data page fault sleep time.

		 kflt
			 Kernel page fault sleep time.

		 lock
			 User lock wait sleep time.

		 slp
			 All other sleep time.

		 lat
			 CPU latency (wait) time.

		 stop
			 Stopped time.

       -p pid
		 Displays a snapshot of timing statistics  for	the  specified
		 pid.

       To  set	the credentials of another process, a process must have suffi‐
       cient privilege to change its user and group  ids  to  those  specified
       according  to  the  rules laid out in setuid(2) and it must have suffi‐
       cient privilege to control the target process.

USAGE
       These proc tools stop their target processes while inspecting them  and
       reporting the results: pfiles, pldd, and pstack. A process can do noth‐
       ing while it is	stopped.  Thus,	 for  example,	if  the	 X  server  is
       inspected  by  one  of these proc tools running in a window under the X
       server's control, the whole window system can become deadlocked because
       the proc tool would be attempting to print its results to a window that
       cannot be  refreshed.   Logging	in  from  from	another	 system	 using
       rlogin(1)  and killing the offending proc tool would clear up the dead‐
       lock in this case.

       See WARNINGS.

       Caution should be exercised when using the -F flag. Imposing  two  con‐
       trolling	 processes  on one victim process can lead to chaos. Safety is
       assured only if the primary controlling process, typically a  debugger,
       has  stopped  the victim process and the primary controlling process is
       doing nothing at the moment of application of the proc  tool  in	 ques‐
       tion.

       Some  of	 the proc tools can also be applied to core files, as shown by
       the synopsis above. A core file is a snapshot of a process's state  and
       is  produced by the kernel prior to terminating a process with a signal
       or by the gcore(1) utility. Some of the proc tools can need  to	derive
       the  name  of  the executable corresponding to the process which dumped
       core or the names of shared  libraries  associated  with	 the  process.
       These  files  are needed, for example, to provide symbol table informa‐
       tion for pstack(1). If the proc tool in question is  unable  to	locate
       the  needed  executable	or  shared library, some symbol information is
       unavailable for display. Similarly, if a core file from	one  operating
       system release is examined on a different operating system release, the
       run-time link-editor debugging interface (librtld_db) cannot be able to
       initialize.  In	this  case, symbol information for shared libraries is
       not available.

EXIT STATUS
       The following exit values are returned:

       0
		   Successful operation.

       non-zero
		   An error has occurred.

FILES
       /proc/*
		  process files

ATTRIBUTES
       See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:

       ┌────────────────────┬─────────────────┐
       │  ATTRIBUTE TYPE    │ ATTRIBUTE VALUE │
       ├────────────────────┼─────────────────┤
       │Interface Stability │ See below.      │
       └────────────────────┴─────────────────┘

       The human readable output is Uncommitted. The options are Committed.

SEE ALSO
       gcore(1), ldd(1), pargs(1),  pgrep(1),  pkill(1),  plimit(1),  pmap(1),
       preap(1),   ps(1),  ptree(1),  ppgsz(1),	 pwd(1),  rlogin(1),  time(1),
       truss(1), wait(1),  fcntl(2),  fstat(2),	 setuid(2),  dlopen(3C),  sig‐
       nal.h(3HEAD), core(4), proc(4), process(4), attributes(5), zones(5)

WARNINGS
       The  following  proc tools stop their target processes while inspecting
       them and reporting the results: pfiles,	pldd,  and  pstack.   However,
       even  if	 pstack	 operates  on an individual thread, it stops the whole
       process.

       A process or thread can do nothing while	 it  is	 stopped.  Stopping  a
       heavily	used process or thread in a production environment, even for a
       short amount of time, can cause severe bottlenecks and  even  hangs  of
       these  processes	 or  threads, causing them to be unavailable to users.
       Some databases could also terminate abnormally. Thus,  for  example,  a
       database	 server	 under	heavy load could hang when one of the database
       processes or threads is traced using the above  mentioned  proc	tools.
       Because	of  this,  stopping  a	UNIX process or thread in a production
       environment should be avoided.

       A process or thread being stopped by these tools can be	identified  by
       issuing	/usr/bin/ps  -eflL  and	 looking  for "T" in the first column.
       Notice that certain processes, for example "sched", can	show  the  "T"
       status by default most of the time.

       The  process ID returned for locked files on network file systems might
       not be meaningful.

				 Apr 01, 2013			       PROC(1)
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