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pow(3M)			Mathematical Library Functions		       pow(3M)

NAME
       pow, powf, powl - power function

SYNOPSIS
       c99 [ flag... ] file... -lm [ library... ]
       #include <math.h>

       double pow(double x, double y);

       float powf(float x, float y);

       long double powl(long double x, long double y);

       cc [ flag... ] file... -lm [ library... ]
       #include <math.h>

       double pow(double x, double y);

       float powf(float x, float y);

       long double powl(long double x, long double y);

DESCRIPTION
       These  functions compute the value of x raised to the power y, x^y>. If
       x is negative, y must be an integer value.

RETURN VALUES
       Upon successful completion, these  functions  return  the  value	 of  x
       raised to the power y.

       For  finite  values  of	x  <  0, and finite non-integer values of y, a
       domain error occurs and either a NaN (if representable), or  an	imple‐
       mentation-defined value is returned.

       If  the	correct	 value	would cause overflow, a range error occurs and
       pow(), powf(), and powl() return HUGE_VAL,  HUGE_VALF,  and  HUGE_VALL,
       respectively.

       If x or y is a NaN, a NaN is returned unless:

	   o	  If  x	 is  +1	 and y is NaN and the application was compiled
		  with the c99 compiler driver and is therefore SUSv3-conform‐
		  ing (see standards(5)), 1.0 is returned.

	   o	  For  any  value  of  x  (including  NaN), if y is +0, 1.0 is
		  returned.

       For any odd integer value of y > 0, if x is ±0, ±0 is returned.

       For y > 0 and not an odd integer, if x is ±0, +0 is returned.

       If x is ±1 and y is ±Inf, and the application was compiled with the  cc
       compiler driver, NaN is returned. If, however, the application was com‐
       piled with the c99 compiler driver and  is  therefore  SUSv3-conforming
       (seestandards(5)), 1.0 is returned.

       For |x| < 1, if y is −Inf, +Inf is returned.

       For |x| > 1, if y is −Inf, +0 is returned.

       For |x| < 1, if y is +Inf, +0 is returned.

       For |x| > 1, if y is +Inf, +Inf is returned.

       For y an odd integer < 0, if x is −Inf, −0 is returned.

       For y < 0 and not an odd integer, if x is −Inf, +0 is returned.

       For y an odd integer > 0, if x is −Inf, −Inf is returned.

       For y > 0 and not an odd integer, if x is −Inf, +Inf is returned.

       For y < 0, if x is +Inf, +0 is returned.

       For y > 0, if x is +Inf, +Inf is returned.

       For  y  an  odd	integer	 <  0,	if  x  is  ±0, a pole error occurs and
       ±HUGE_VAL, ±HUGE_VALF, and ±HUGE_VALL are returned for  pow(),  powf(),
       and powl(), respectively.

       For  y  < 0 and not an odd integer, if x is ±0, a pole error occurs and
       HUGE_VAL, HUGE_VALF, and HUGE_VALL are returned for pow(), powf(),  and
       powl(), respectively.

       For  exceptional cases, matherr(3M) tabulates the values to be returned
       by pow() as specified by SVID3 and XPG3.

ERRORS
       These functions will fail if:

       Domain Error    The value of x is negative and y is a finite  non-inte‐
		       ger.

		       If   the	  integer   expression	 (math_errhandling   &
		       MATH_ERREXCEPT) is non-zero, the invalid floating-point
		       exception is raised.

		       The pow() function sets errno to EDOM if the value of x
		       is negative and y is non-integral.

       Pole Error      The value of x is 0 and y is negative.

		       If   the	  integer   expression	 (math_errhandling   &
		       MATH_ERREXCEPT)	is non-zero, the divide-by-zero float‐
		       ing-point exception is raised.

       Range Error     The result overflows.

		       If   the	  integer   expression	 (math_errhandling   &
		       MATH_ERREXCEPT)	is  non-zero,  the  overflow floating-
		       point exception is raised.

		       The pow() function sets errno to EDOM if the  value  to
		       be returned would cause overflow.

USAGE
       An  application	wanting to check for exceptions should call feclearex‐
       cept(FE_ALL_EXCEPT) before  calling  these  functions.  On  return,  if
       fetestexcept(FE_INVALID | FE_DIVBYZERO | FE_OVERFLOW | FE_UNDERFLOW) is
       non-zero, an exception has been raised. An  application	should	either
       examine the return value or check the floating point exception flags to
       detect exceptions.

       An application can also set errno to 0 before calling pow(). On return,
       if  errno  is  non-zero,	 an  error has occurred. The powf() and powl()
       functions do not set errno.

ATTRIBUTES
       See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:

       ┌─────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────┐
       │      ATTRIBUTE TYPE	     │	    ATTRIBUTE VALUE	   │
       ├─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
       │Interface Stability	     │Standard			   │
       ├─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
       │MT-Level		     │MT-Safe			   │
       └─────────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────┘

SEE ALSO
       exp(3M), feclearexcept(3M), fetestexcept(3M), isnan(3M), math.h(3HEAD),
       matherr(3M), attributes(5), standards(5)

NOTES
       Prior  to Solaris 2.6,  there was a conflict between the pow() function
       in this library and the pow() function in the libmp library. This  con‐
       flict  was  resolved  by	 prepending  mp_ to all functions in the libmp
       library. See mp(3MP) for more information.

SunOS 5.11			  12 Jul 2006			       pow(3M)
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