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pnmmtofiasco(1)						       pnmmtofiasco(1)

NAME
       pnmtofiasco - Convert a portable anymap to FIASCO compressed file

SYNOPSIS
       pnmtofiasco [option]...	[filename]...

DESCRIPTION
       pnmtofiasco compresses the named pbm, pgm, or ppm image files, or Stan‐
       dard Input if no file is named, and produces a FIASCO file on  Standard
       Output.

OPTIONS
       All  option  names  may	be abbreviated; for example, --optimize may be
       written --optim or --opt. For most options a one letter short option is
       provided.   Mandatory  or optional arguments to long options are manda‐
       tory or optional for short options, too.	 Both short and	 long  options
       are case sensitive.

       The basic options are:

       -i name, --input-name=name
	      Compress	the  named  images, not Standard Input.	 If name is -,
	      read Standard Input.  name has to be either an image filename or
	      a template of the form:

			      prefix[start-end{+,-}step]suffix

	      Templates	 are  useful  when compressing video streams: e.g., if
	      you specify the  template	 img0[12-01-2].pgm,  then  pnmtofiasco
	      compresses the images img012.pgm, img010.pgm, ..., img002.pgm.

	      If  name	is a relative path, pnmtofiasco searches for the image
	      files in the current directory and in the (colon-separated) list
	      of directories given by the environment variable FIASCO_IMAGES.

       -o output-file, --output-name=name
	      Write FIASCO output to the named file, not to Standard Output.

	      If  name	is  a  relative	 path  and  the	 environment  variable
	      FIASCO_DATA is a (colon-separated)  list	of  directories,  then
	      pnmtofiasco  writes  the	output	file  to  the first (writable)
	      directory of this list. Otherwise, pnmtofiasco write it  to  the
	      current directory.

       -q N, --quality=N
	      Set  quality  of	compression to N.  Quality is 1 (worst) to 100
	      (best); default is 20.

       -v, --version
	      Print pnmtofiasco version number, then exit.

       -V N, --verbose N
	      Set level of verbosity to N.  Level is 0 (no output at  all),  1
	      (show  progress  meter), or 2 (show detailed compression statis‐
	      tics); default is 1.

       -B N, --progress-meter N
	      Set type of progress-meter to N.	The following types are avail‐
	      able; default is 1:

	      0: no progress meter

	      1: RPM style progress bar using 50 hash marks

	      2: percentage meter

       -f name, --config=name
	      Load  parameter  file name to initialize the options of pnmtofi‐
	      asco.  See file system.fiascorc for an example  of  the  syntax.
	      Options  of  pnmtofiasco are set by any of the following methods
	      (in the specified order):

	      1) Global ressource file /etc/system.fiascorc

	      2) $HOME/.fiascorc

	      3) command line

	      4) --config=name

       -h, --info
	      Print brief help, then exit.

       -H, --help
	      Print detailed help, then exit.

       The options for advanced users are:

       -b name, --basis-name=name
	      Preload compression basis name into FIASCO. The basis name  pro‐
	      vides the initial compression dictionary.	 Either use one of the
	      files "small.fco", "medium.fco", or "large.fco" that  come  with
	      pnmtofiasco or create a new ASCII basis file.

       -z N, --optimize=N Set optimization level to
	      N.  Level is 0 (fastes) to 3 (slowest); default is 1. Be warned,
	      the encoding time dramatically increased when N=2 or  N=3	 while
	      the compression performance only slightly improves.

       -P, --prediction
	      Use  additional  predictive  coding.  If	this  optimization  is
	      enabled then the image is compressed in two steps. In the	 first
	      step,  a	coarse	approximation  of  the image is computed using
	      large unichrome blocks. Finally, the delta image is computed and
	      the  prediction  error is approximated using the standard FIASCO
	      algorithm.

       -D N, --dictionary-size=N
	      Set size of dictionary that is used when	coding	the  luminance
	      band  to	N;  default  is	 10000,	 i.e.,	the  dictionary is not
	      restricted.

       -C N, --chroma-dictionary=N
	      Set size of dictionary that is used when coding chroma bands  to
	      N; default is 40.

       -Q N, --chroma-qfactor=N
	      Reduce  the  quality  of	chroma	band  compression N-times with
	      respect to the user defined quality q of the luminance band com‐
	      pression (--quality=q); default is 2.

       -t N, --tiling-exponent=N
	      Subdivide	 the  image into 2^N tiles prior coding; default is 4,
	      i.e. the image is subdivided into 16 tiles. The processing order
	      of  the  individual  tiles  is  defined  by the option --tiling-
	      method=name.

       -T name, --tiling-method=name
	      Order the individual image tiles (the image is subdivided	 into;
	      see  option  --tiling-exponent=N)	 by  method  name;  default is
	      "desc-variance".

	      desc-variance: Tiles with small variances are processed first.

	      asc-variance: Tiles with large variances are processed first.

	      desc-spiral: Tiles are process in spiral order starting  in  the
	      middle.

	      asc-spiral:  Tiles  are  process in spiral order starting at the
	      border.

       --rpf-mantissa=N
	      Use N mantissa bits for quantized coefficients.

       --dc-rpf-mantissa=N
	      Use N mantissa bits for quantized DC coefficients.

       --rpf-range=N
	      Coefficients outside the quantization interval [-N,+N]  are  set
	      to zero.

       --dc-rpf-range=N
	      DC  coefficients	outside	 the quantization interval [-N,+N] are
	      set to zero.

       Additional options for video compression are:

       -s N, --smooth=N
	      Smooth decompressed reference frames along the partitioning bor‐
	      ders  by	the  given  amount  N.	N  is 0 (no smoothing) to 100;
	      default is 70. This factor is stored in the FIASCO file.

       -m N, --min-level=N
	      Start prediction (motion compensated  prediction	or  additional
	      prediction)  on  block level N; default is level 6. I.e., motion
	      compensation is applied to all image blocks of at least 8x8 pix‐
	      els (binary tree level N=6), 16x8 (N=7), 16x16 (N=8), etc.

       -M N, --max-level=N
	      Stop  prediction	(motion	 compensated  prediction or additional
	      prediction) on block level N; default is level 10. I.e.,	motion
	      compensation  is	applied	 to  all image blocks of at most 16x16
	      pixels (N=8), 32x16 (N=9), 32x32 (N=10), etc.

       -2, --half-pixel
	      Use half pixel precise motion compensation.

       -F N, --fps=N
	      Set number of frames per second to N. This value	is  stored  in
	      the  FIASCO output file and is used in the decoder dfiasco(1) to
	      control the framerate.

       -p type, --pattern=type
	      Defines the type of inter	 frame	compression  which  should  be
	      applied  to  individual  frames  of  a  video  stream. type is a
	      sequence of  characters;	default	 is  "IPPPPPPPPP".  Element  N
	      defines the type of predicting which should be used for frame N;
	      the frame type pattern is periodically extended.	Valid  charac‐
	      ters are:

	      I:  intra	 frame, i.e., no motion compensated prediction is used
	      at all.

	      P: predicted frame, i.e., a previously encoded frame is used for
	      prediction (forward prediction).

	      B:  bidirectional	 predicted  frame, i.e., not only a previously
	      shown frame but also a frame of the future is used  for  predic‐
	      tion (forward, backward or interpolated prediction).

       --cross-B-search
	      Instead  of  using  exhaustive search the "Cross-B-Search" algo‐
	      rithm is used to find the best  interpolated  prediction	of  B-
	      frames.

       --B-as-past-ref
	      Also use previously encoded B-frames when prediction the current
	      frame. If this option is not set, only I- and P-frames are  used
	      to predict the current frame.

EXAMPLES
       pnmtofiasco < foo.ppm >foo.wfa
	      Compress	the still image "foo.ppm" to the FIASCO file "foo.wfa"
	      using the default options.

       pnmtofiasco -2 -p "IBBPBBPBB" -fps 15 -o video.wfa foo0*.ppm
	      Compress	the  video  frames  "foo0*.ppm"	 to  the  FIASCO  file
	      "video.wfa"  using  half	pixel precise motion compensation at a
	      frame rate of 15 frames per second. Intra frame  1  is  used  to
	      predict P-frame 4, frames 1 and 4 are used to predict B-frames 2
	      and 3, and so on. Frame 10 is again an intra-frame.

FILES
       /etc/system.fiascorc
	      The systemwide initialization file.
       $HOME/.fiascorc
	      The personal initialization file.

ENVIRONMENT
       FIASCO_IMAGES
	      Search path for image files. Default is "./".
       FIASCO_DATA
	      Search and save path for FIASCO files. Default is "./".

SEE ALSO
       fiascotopnm(1), ppmtojpeg(1), pnmtojbig(1), ppmtogif(1), pnm(5)

       Ullrich Hafner,	Juergen	 Albert,  Stefan  Frank,  and  Michael	Unger.
       Weighted	 Finite	 Automata  for	Video  Compression,  IEEE  Journal  on
       Selected Areas In Communications, January 1998
       Ullrich Hafner. Low Bit-Rate  Image  and	 Video	Coding	with  Weighted
       Finite	Automata,   Ph.D.   thesis,   Mensch   &   Buch	 Verlag,  ISBN
       3-89820-002-7, October 1999.

AUTHOR
       Ullrich Hafner <hafner@bigfoot.de>

				 July 12, 2000		       pnmmtofiasco(1)
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