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pine(1)								       pine(1)

NAME
       pine - a Program for Internet News and Email

SYNTAX
       pine [ options ] [ address , address ]

       pinef [ options ] [ address , address ]

DESCRIPTION
       Pine  is	 a screen-oriented message-handling tool.  In its default con‐
       figuration, Pine offers	an  intentionally  limited  set	 of  functions
       geared  toward  the  novice  user,  but	it  also has a growing list of
       optional "power-user" and personal-preference  features.	  pinef	 is  a
       variant	of  Pine  that uses function keys rather than mnemonic single-
       letter commands.	 Pine's basic feature set includes:

	      View, Save, Export, Delete, Print, Reply and Forward messages.

	      Compose messages in a simple editor (Pico) with word-wrap and  a
	      spelling	checker.   Messages may be postponed for later comple‐
	      tion.

	      Full-screen selection and management of message folders.

	      Address  book  to	 keep  a  list	of  long  or   frequently-used
	      addresses.    Personal   distribution   lists  may  be  defined.
	      Addresses may be taken into the address book from incoming  mail
	      without retyping them.

	      New  mail	 checking  and notification occurs automatically every
	      2.5 minutes and  after  certain  commands,  e.g.	refresh-screen
	      (Ctrl-L).

	      On-line, context-sensitive help screens.

       Pine supports MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions), an Internet
       Standard for representing multipart and multimedia data in email.  Pine
       allows  you  to save MIME objects to files, and in some cases, can also
       initiate the correct program for viewing the object.  It uses the  sys‐
       tem's  mailcap configuration file to determine what program can process
       a particular MIME object type.  Pine's message composer does  not  have
       integral	 multimedia  capability, but any type of data file --including
       multimedia-- can be attached to a text message and  sent	 using	MIME's
       encoding rules.	This allows any group of individuals with MIME-capable
       mail software (e.g. Pine, PC-Pine, or many other programs) to  exchange
       formatted  documents,  spread-sheets,  image  files,  etc, via Internet
       email.

       Pine uses the c-client messaging API to access local  and  remote  mail
       folders.	 This library provides a variety of low-level message-handling
       functions, including drivers for a variety of different mail file  for‐
       mats, as well as routines to access remote mail and news servers, using
       IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) and NNTP (Network  News	Trans‐
       port  Protocol).	 Outgoing mail is usually handed-off to the Unix send‐
       mail, program but it can optionally be posted directly via SMTP (Simple
       Mail Transfer Protocol).

OPTIONS
       The command line options/arguments are:

       address		   Send	 mail  to address.  This will cause Pine to go
			   directly into the message composer.

       -a		   Special anonymous mode for UWIN*

       -attach file	   Send mail with the listed file as an attachment.

       -attach_and_delete file
			   Send mail with the listed file  as  an  attachment,
			   and remove the file after the message is sent.

       -attachlist file-list
			   Send	 mail  with the listed file-list as an attach‐
			   ments.

       -c context-number   context-number is the number corresponding  to  the
			   folder-collection  to  which	 the  -f  command line
			   argument should be  applied.	  By  default  the  -f
			   argument  is	 applied  to the first defined folder-
			   collection.

       -d debug-level	   Output diagnostic info at debug-level (0-9) to  the
			   current  .pine-debug[1-4] file.  A value of 0 turns
			   debugging off and suppresses the .pine-debug file.

       -d key[=val]	   Fine tuned  output  of  diagnostic  messages	 where
			   "flush"  causes  debug file writing without buffer‐
			   ing, "timestamp" appends each message with a	 time‐
			   stamp,  "imap=n"  where n is between 0 and 4 repre‐
			   senting none to verbose IMAP	 telemetry  reporting,
			   "numfiles=n"	 where	n  is  between 0 and 31 corre‐
			   sponding to the number of debug files to  maintain,
			   and "verbose=n" where n is between 0 and 9 indicat‐
			   ing an inverse threshold for message output.

       -f folder	   Open folder (in first  defined  folder  collection,
			   use	-c n to specify another collection) instead of
			   INBOX.

       -F file		   Open named text file and view with Pine's browser.

       -h		   Help: list valid command-line options.

       -i		   Start up in the FOLDER INDEX screen.

       -I keystrokes	   Initial (comma separated list of) keystrokes	 which
			   Pine should execute on startup.

       -k		   Use function keys for commands. This is the same as
			   running the command pinef.

       -n number	   Start up with current message-number set to number.

       -nr		   Special mode for UWIN*

       -o		   Open first folder read-only.

       -p config-file	   Use config-file as the personal configuration  file
			   instead of the default .pinerc.

       -P config-file	   Use	config-file  as the configuration file instead
			   of	default	  system-wide	 configuration	  file
			   pine.conf.

       -r		   Use restricted/demo mode.  Pine will only send mail
			   to itself and functions like save  and  export  are
			   restricted.

       -url url		   Open the given url.	Cannot be used with -f, -F, or
			   -attach options.

       -z		   Enable ^Z and SIGTSTP so pine may be suspended.

       -bail		   Exit if the pinerc file does not exist

       -conf		   Produce a sample/fresh copy of the system-wide con‐
			   figuration file, pine.conf, on the standard output.
			   This is distinct from the per-user .pinerc file.

       -create_lu addrbook sort-order
			   Creates auxiliarly index (look-up) file  for	 addr‐
			   book and sorts addrbook in sort-order, which may be
			   dont-sort, nickname, fullname, nickname-with-lists-
			   last,  or  fullname-with-lists-last.	  Useful  when
			   creating global or  shared  address	books.	 After
			   creating  the  index	 file  in  this	 way, the file
			   should be moved or copied in a way which  preserves
			   the	mtime  of the address book file.  The mtime of
			   the address book file at the time  the  index  file
			   was	built  is  stored  inside the index file and a
			   comparison between that stored value and  the  cur‐
			   rent	 mtime	of  the address book file is done when
			   somebody runs pine.	If the mtime has changed since
			   the	index  file  was  made, then pine will want to
			   rebuild the index  file.   In  other	 words,	 don't
			   build the index file with this option and then copy
			   the address book to its final destination in a  way
			   which changes the file's mtime.

       -pinerc file	   Output fresh pinerc configuration to file.

       -sort order	   Sort the FOLDER INDEX display in one of the follow‐
			   ing orders: arrival,	 subject,  from,  date,	 size,
			   orderedsubj	 or  reverse.  Arrival	order  is  the
			   default.   The  OrderedSubj	choice	 simulates   a
			   threaded  sort.  Any sort may be reversed by adding
			   /reverse to it.  Reverse by itself is the  same  as
			   arrival/reverse.

       -option=value	   Assign value to the config option option e.g. -sig‐
			   nature-file=sig1 or -feature-list=signature-at-bot‐
			   tom (Note: feature-list values are additive)

       * UWIN = University of Washington Information Navigator

CONFIGURATION
       There  are  several levels of Pine configuration.  Configuration values
       at a given level over-ride corresponding values at  lower  levels.   In
       order of increasing precedence:

	o built-in defaults.
	o system-wide pine.conf file.
	o personal .pinerc file (may be set via built-in Setup/Config menu.)
	o command-line options.
	o system-wide pine.conf.fixed file.

       There  is  one  exception  to  the  rule	 that configuration values are
       replaced by the value of the same option in a  higher-precedence	 file:
       the  feature-list  variable  has	 values	 that are additive, but can be
       negated by prepending "no-" in front of	an  individual	feature	 name.
       Unix Pine also uses the following environment variables:

	 TERM
	 DISPLAY     (determines if Pine can display IMAGE attachments.)
	 SHELL	     (if not set, default is /bin/sh )
	 MAILCAPS    (semicolon delimited list of path names to mailcap files)

FILES
       /usr/spool/mail/xxxx	   Default folder for incoming mail.
       ~/mail			   Default directory for mail folders.
       ~/.addressbook		   Default address book file.
       ~/.addressbook.lu	   Default address book index file.
       ~/.pine-debug[1-4]	   Diagnostic log for debugging.
       ~/.pinerc		   Personal pine config file.
       ~/.newsrc		   News subscription/state file.
       ~/.signature		   Default signature file.
       ~/.mailcap		   Personal mail capabilities file.
       ~/.mime.types		   Personal  file  extension to MIME type map‐
       ping
       /etc/mailcap		   System-wide mail capabilities file.
       /etc/mime.types		   System-wide file ext. to MIME type mapping
       /usr/local/lib/pine.info	   Local pointer to system administrator.
       /usr/local/lib/pine.conf	   System-wide configuration file.
       /usr/local/lib/pine.conf.fixed Non-overridable configuration file.
       /tmp/.\usr\spool\mail\xxxx  Per-folder mailbox lock files.
       ~/.pine-interrupted-mail	   Message which was interrupted.
       ~/mail/postponed-msgs	   For postponed messages.
       ~/mail/sent-mail		   Outgoing message archive (FCC).
       ~/mail/saved-messages	   Default destination for Saving messages.

SEE ALSO
       pico(1), binmail(1), aliases(5),	 mailaddr(7),  sendmail(8),  spell(1),
       imapd(8)

       Newsgroup:  comp.mail.pine
       Pine Information Center:	 http://www.washington.edu/pine
       Source distribution:  ftp://ftp.cac.washington.edu/pine/pine.tar.Z
       Pine Technical Notes, included in the source distribution.
       C-Client messaging API library, included in the source distribution.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
       The University of Washington Pine development team (part of the UW Office
       of Computing & Communications) includes:

	Project Leader:		  Mike Seibel
	Principal authors:	  Mike Seibel, Steve Hubert, Laurence Lundblade*
	C-Client library & IMAPd: Mark Crispin
	Pico, the PIne COmposer:  Mike Seibel
	Documentation:		  Many people!
	PC-Pine for Windows:	  Tom Unger, Mike Seibel
	Project oversight:	  Terry Gray, Lori Stevens
	Principal Patrons:	  Ron Johnson, Mike Bryant
	Additional support:	  NorthWestNet
	Initial Pine code base:	  Elm, by Dave Taylor & USENET Community Trust
	Initial Pico code base:	  MicroEmacs 3.6, by Dave G. Conroy
	User Interface design:	  Inspired by UCLA's "Ben" mailer for MVS
	Suggestions/fixes/ports:  Folks from all over!

	  *Emeritus

       Copyright 1989-1999 by the University of Washington.
       Pine and Pico are trademarks of the University of Washington.

       $Date: 1999/11/04 01:54:26 $

				 Version 4.21			       pine(1)
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