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PERLTOC(1)	       Perl Programmers Reference Guide		    PERLTOC(1)

NAME
       perltoc - perl documentation table of contents

DESCRIPTION
       This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl
       documentation set.  It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped
       through to locate the proper section you're looking for.

BASIC DOCUMENTATION
       perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language

       SYNOPSIS
	   Overview
	   Tutorials
	   Reference Manual
	   Internals and C Language Interface
	   Miscellaneous
	   Language-Specific
	   Platform-Specific
       DESCRIPTION
       AVAILABILITY
       ENVIRONMENT
       AUTHOR
       FILES
       SEE ALSO
       DIAGNOSTICS
       BUGS
       NOTES

       perlintro -- a brief introduction and overview of Perl

       DESCRIPTION
	   What is Perl?
	   Running Perl programs
	   Basic syntax overview
	   Perl variable types
	       Scalars, Arrays, Hashes

	   Variable scoping
	   Conditional and looping constructs
	       if, while, for, foreach

	   Builtin operators and functions
	       Arithmetic, Numeric comparison, String comparison, Boolean
	       logic, Miscellaneous

	   Files and I/O
	   Regular expressions
	       Simple matching, Simple substitution, More complex regular
	       expressions, Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features

	   Writing subroutines
	   OO Perl
	   Using Perl modules
       AUTHOR

       perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references

       DESCRIPTION
       Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
       The Solution
       Syntax
	   Making References
	   Using References
	   An Example
	   Arrow Rule
       Solution
       The Rest
       Summary
       Credits
	   Distribution Conditions

       perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook

       DESCRIPTION
	   arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of
	   hashes, more elaborate constructs

       REFERENCES
       COMMON MISTAKES
       CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
       WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS "use strict"
       DEBUGGING
       CODE EXAMPLES
       ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
	   Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
	   Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
	   Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
       HASHES OF ARRAYS
	   Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
	   Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
	   Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
       ARRAYS OF HASHES
	   Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES
	   Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES
	   Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES
       HASHES OF HASHES
	   Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
	   Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
	   Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
       MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
	   Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
	   Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
	   Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
       Database Ties
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl

       DESCRIPTION
	   Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
	   Growing Your Own
	   Access and Printing
	   Slices
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start

       DESCRIPTION
       The Guide
	   Simple word matching
	   Using character classes
	   Matching this or that
	   Grouping things and hierarchical matching
	   Extracting matches
	   Matching repetitions
	   More matching
	   Search and replace
	   The split operator
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
	   Acknowledgments

       perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial

       DESCRIPTION
       Part 1: The basics
	   Simple word matching
	   Using character classes
	   Matching this or that
	   Grouping things and hierarchical matching
	   Extracting matches
	   Matching repetitions
	   Building a regexp
	   Using regular expressions in Perl
       Part 2: Power tools
	   More on characters, strings, and character classes
	   Compiling and saving regular expressions
	   Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
	   Non-capturing groupings
	   Looking ahead and looking behind
	   Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
	   Conditional expressions
	   A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
	   Pragmas and debugging
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
	   Acknowledgments

       perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial

       DESCRIPTION
	   If we could talk to the animals...
	   Introducing the method invocation arrow
	   Invoking a barnyard
	   The extra parameter of method invocation
	   Calling a second method to simplify things
	   Inheriting the windpipes
	   A few notes about @ISA
	   Overriding the methods
	   Starting the search from a different place
	   The SUPER way of doing things
	   Where we're at so far...
	   A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?
	   Invoking an instance method
	   Accessing the instance data
	   How to build a horse
	   Inheriting the constructor
	   Making a method work with either classes or instances
	   Adding parameters to a method
	   More interesting instances
	   A horse of a different color
	   Summary
       SEE ALSO
       COPYRIGHT

       perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl

       DESCRIPTION
       Creating a Class
	   Object Representation
	   Class Interface
	   Constructors and Instance Methods
	   Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
	   Destructors
	   Other Object Methods
       Class Data
	   Accessing Class Data
	   Debugging Methods
	   Class Destructors
	   Documenting the Interface
       Aggregation
       Inheritance
	   Overridden Methods
	   Multiple Inheritance
	   UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
       Alternate Object Representations
	   Arrays as Objects
	   Closures as Objects
       AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
	   Autoloaded Data Methods
	   Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
       Metaclassical Tools
	   Class::Struct
	   Data Members as Variables
       NOTES
	   Object Terminology
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
       COPYRIGHT
	   Acknowledgments

       perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl

       DESCRIPTION
       Class Data in a Can
       Class Data as Package Variables
	   Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
	   Inheritance Concerns
	   The Eponymous Meta-Object
	   Indirect References to Class Data
	   Monadic Classes
	   Translucent Attributes
       Class Data as Lexical Variables
	   Privacy and Responsibility
	   File-Scoped Lexicals
	   More Inheritance Concerns
	   Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
	   Translucency Revisited
       NOTES
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
       ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
       HISTORY

       perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)

       DESCRIPTION
       OO SCALING TIPS
       INSTANCE VARIABLES
       SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
       INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
       OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
       OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
       USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
       THINKING OF CODE REUSE
       CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
       INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
       DELEGATION
       SEE ALSO

       perlstyle - Perl style guide

       DESCRIPTION

       perlcheat - Perl 5 Cheat Sheet

       DESCRIPTION
	   The sheet
       ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary

       DESCRIPTION
	   Awk Traps
	   C/C++ Traps
	   Sed Traps
	   Shell Traps
	   Perl Traps
	   Perl4 to Perl5 Traps
	       Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps,
	       Numerical Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps -
	       scalar, list contexts, Precedence Traps, General Regular
	       Expression Traps using s///, etc, Subroutine, Signal, Sorting
	       Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps

	   Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps
	       Symbols starting with "_" no longer forced into main, Double-
	       colon valid package separator in variable name, 2nd and 3rd
	       args to "splice()" are now in scalar context, Can't do "goto"
	       into a block that is optimized away, Can't use whitespace as
	       variable name or quote delimiter, "while/if BLOCK BLOCK" gone,
	       "**" binds tighter than unary minus, "foreach" changed when
	       iterating over a list, "split" with no args behavior changed,
	       -e behavior fixed, "push" returns number of elements in result‐
	       ing list, Some error messages differ, "split()" honors subrou‐
	       tine args, Bugs removed

	   Parsing Traps
	       Space between . and = triggers syntax error, Better parsing in
	       perl 5, Function parsing, String interpolation of $#array dif‐
	       fers, Perl guesses on "map", "grep" followed by "{" if it
	       starts BLOCK or hash ref

	   Numerical Traps
	       Formatted output and significant digits, Auto-increment opera‐
	       tor over signed int limit deleted, Assignment of return values
	       from numeric equality tests doesn't work, Bitwise string ops

	   General data type traps
	       Negative array subscripts now count from the end of array, Set‐
	       ting $#array lower now discards array elements, Hashes get
	       defined before use, Glob assignment from localized variable to
	       variable, Assigning "undef" to glob, Changes in unary negation
	       (of strings), Modifying of constants prohibited, "defined $var"
	       behavior changed, Variable Suicide

	   Context Traps - scalar, list contexts
	       Elements of argument lists for formats evaluated in list con‐
	       text, "caller()" returns false value in scalar context if no
	       caller present, Comma operator in scalar context gives scalar
	       context to args, "sprintf()" prototyped as "($;@)"

	   Precedence Traps
	       LHS vs. RHS of any assignment operator, Semantic errors intro‐
	       duced due to precedence, Precedence of assignment operators
	       same as the precedence of assignment, "open" requires parenthe‐
	       ses around filehandle, $: precedence over $:: gone, Precedence
	       of file test operators documented, "keys", "each", "values" are
	       regular named unary operators

	   General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.
	       "s'$lhs'$rhs'" interpolates on either side, "m//g" attaches its
	       state to the searched string, "m//o" used within an anonymous
	       sub, $+ isn't set to whole match, Substitution now returns null
	       string if it fails, "s`lhs`rhs`" is now a normal substitution,
	       Stricter parsing of variables in regular expressions, "m?x?"
	       matches only once, Failed matches don't reset the match vari‐
	       ables

	   Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
	       Barewords that used to look like strings look like subroutine
	       calls, Reverse is no longer allowed as the name of a sort sub‐
	       routine, "warn()" won't let you specify a filehandle

	   OS Traps
	       SysV resets signal handler correctly, SysV "seek()" appends
	       correctly

	   Interpolation Traps
	       "@" always interpolates an array in double-quotish strings,
	       Double-quoted strings may no longer end with an unescaped $,
	       Arbitrary expressions are evaluated inside braces within double
	       quotes, $$x now tries to dereference $x, Creation of hashes on
	       the fly with "eval "EXPR"" requires protection, Bugs in earlier
	       perl versions, Array and hash brackets during interpolation,
	       Interpolation of "\$$foo{bar}", "qq()" string passed to "eval"
	       will not find string terminator

	   DBM Traps
	       Perl5 must have been linked with same dbm/ndbm as the default
	       for "dbmopen()", DBM exceeding limit on the key/value size will
	       cause perl5 to exit immediately

	   Unclassified Traps
	       "require"/"do" trap using returned value, "split" on empty
	       string with LIMIT specified

       perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial

       DESCRIPTION
       use strict
       Looking at data and -w and v
       help
       Stepping through code
       Placeholder for a, w, t, T
       REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
       OUTPUT TIPS
       CGI
       GUIs
       SUMMARY
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       CONTRIBUTORS

       perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2005/12/30
       15:04:07 $)

       DESCRIPTION
	   Where to get the perlfaq
	   How to contribute to the perlfaq
	   What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the
	   authors
       Credits
       Author and Copyright Information
	   Bundled Distributions
	   Disclaimer
       Table of Contents
	   perlfaq  - this document, perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl,
	   perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl, perlfaq3 - Program‐
	   ming Tools, perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation, perlfaq5 - Files and For‐
	   mats, perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions, perlfaq7 - General Perl Lan‐
	   guage Issues, perlfaq8 - System Interaction, perlfaq9 - Networking

       The Questions
	   perlfaq1: General Questions About Perl
	   perlfaq2: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
	   perlfaq3: Programming Tools
	   perlfaq4: Data Manipulation
	   perlfaq5: Files and Formats
	   perlfaq6: Regular Expressions
	   perlfaq7: General Perl Language Issues
	   perlfaq8: System Interaction
	   perlfaq9: Networking

       perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.19 $, $Date:
       2005/12/31 00:54:37 $)

       DESCRIPTION
	   What is Perl?
	   Who supports Perl?  Who develops it?	 Why is it free?
	   Which version of Perl should I use?
	   What are perl4, perl5, or perl6?
	   What is Ponie?
	   What is perl6?
	   How stable is Perl?
	   Is Perl difficult to learn?
	   How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
	   Scheme, or Tcl?
	   Can I do [task] in Perl?
	   When shouldn't I program in Perl?
	   What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
	   Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
	   What is a JAPH?
	   Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
	   How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version
	   5/5.6.1/Perl instead of some other language?
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date:
       2005/12/31 00:54:37 $)

       DESCRIPTION
	   What machines support perl?	Where do I get it?
	   How can I get a binary version of perl?
	   I don't have a C compiler. How can I build my own Perl interpreter?
	   I copied the perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
	   don't work.
	   I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic load‐
	   ing/malloc/linking/... failed.  How do I make it work?
	   What modules and extensions are available for Perl?	What is CPAN?
	   What does CPAN/src/... mean?
	   Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
	   Where can I get information on Perl?
	   What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet?  Where do I post questions?
	   Where should I post source code?
	   Perl Books
	       References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics

	   Perl in Magazines
	   Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access
	   What mailing lists are there for Perl?
	   Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc
	   Where can I buy a commercial version of perl?
	   Where do I send bug reports?
	   What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.56 $, $Date: 2005/12/31
       00:54:37 $)

       DESCRIPTION
	   How do I do (anything)?
	   How can I use Perl interactively?
	   Is there a Perl shell?
	   How do I find which modules are installed on my system?
	   How do I debug my Perl programs?
	   How do I profile my Perl programs?
	   How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
	   Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
	   Is there a ctags for Perl?
	   Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
	       Eclipse, Enginsite, Komodo, Open Perl IDE, OptiPerl, Perl‐
	       Builder, visiPerl+, Visual Perl, Zeus, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS,
	       XEmacs, Jed, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright, MultiEdit,
	       SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, Affrus, Alpha, BBEdit and BBE‐
	       dit Lite

	   Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
	   Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
	   How can I use curses with Perl?
	   How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
	   How can I make my Perl program run faster?
	   How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
	       Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary
	       quotes and stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large vari‐
	       ables to disk

	   Is it safe to return a reference to local or lexical data?
	   How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
	   How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
	   How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
	   How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
	   How can I compile Perl into Java?
	   How can I get "#!perl" to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
	   Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
	   Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
	   Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
	   Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
	   Where can I learn about linking C with Perl?
	   I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in my C
	   program; what am I doing wrong?
	   When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it
	   mean?
	   What's MakeMaker?
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.73 $, $Date: 2005/12/31
       00:54:37 $)

       DESCRIPTION
       Data: Numbers
	   Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of
	   the numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
	   Why is int() broken?
	   Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
	   Does Perl have a round() function?  What about ceil() and floor()?
	   Trig functions?
	   How do I convert between numeric representations/bases/radixes?
	       How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert
	       from decimal to hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to
	       decimal, How do I convert from decimal to octal, How do I con‐
	       vert from binary to decimal, How do I convert from decimal to
	       binary

	   Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
	   How do I multiply matrices?
	   How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
	   How can I output Roman numerals?
	   Why aren't my random numbers random?
	   How do I get a random number between X and Y?
       Data: Dates
	   How do I find the day or week of the year?
	   How do I find the current century or millennium?
	   How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
	   How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
	   How can I find the Julian Day?
	   How do I find yesterday's date?
	   Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem?	Is Perl Y2K compliant?
       Data: Strings
	   How do I validate input?
	   How do I unescape a string?
	   How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
	   How do I expand function calls in a string?
	   How do I find matching/nesting anything?
	   How do I reverse a string?
	   How do I expand tabs in a string?
	   How do I reformat a paragraph?
	   How can I access or change N characters of a string?
	   How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
	   How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
	   string?
	   How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
	   How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
	   [character]?
	   How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
	   How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
	   How do I extract selected columns from a string?
	   How do I find the soundex value of a string?
	   How can I expand variables in text strings?
	   What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
	   Why don't my <<HERE documents work?
	       There must be no space after the << part, There (probably)
	       should be a semicolon at the end, You can't (easily) have any
	       space in front of the tag

       Data: Arrays
	   What is the difference between a list and an array?
	   What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?
	   How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?
	   How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or
	   array?
	   How do I compute the difference of two arrays?  How do I compute
	   the intersection of two arrays?
	   How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?
	   How do I find the first array element for which a condition is
	   true?
	   How do I handle linked lists?
	   How do I handle circular lists?
	   How do I shuffle an array randomly?
	   How do I process/modify each element of an array?
	   How do I select a random element from an array?
	   How do I permute N elements of a list?
	   How do I sort an array by (anything)?
	   How do I manipulate arrays of bits?
	   Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
       Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
	   How do I process an entire hash?
	   What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating
	   over it?
	   How do I look up a hash element by value?
	   How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
	   How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
	   How can I always keep my hash sorted?
	   What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
	   Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
	   How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
	   How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
	   How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
	   How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
	   Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
	   it?
	   How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash
	   or array of hashes or arrays?
	   How can I use a reference as a hash key?
       Data: Misc
	   How do I handle binary data correctly?
	   How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/inte‐
	   ger/float?
	   How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
	   How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
	   How do I define methods for every class/object?
	   How do I verify a credit card checksum?
	   How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.42 $, $Date: 2005/12/31
       00:54:37 $)

       DESCRIPTION
	   How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle?  Why must I do this?
	   How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a
	   line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
	   How do I count the number of lines in a file?
	   How can I use Perl's "-i" option from within a program?
	   How can I copy a file?
	   How do I make a temporary file name?
	   How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
	   How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine?  How do I pass
	   filehandles between subroutines?  How do I make an array of file‐
	   handles?
	   How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
	   How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
	   How can I write() into a string?
	   How can I output my numbers with commas added?
	   How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
	   How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
	   Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?
	   Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
	   How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
	   How can I reliably rename a file?
	   How can I lock a file?
	   Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?
	   I still don't get locking.  I just want to increment the number in
	   the file.  How can I do this?
	   All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a
	   file.  Do I still have to use locking?
	   How do I randomly update a binary file?
	   How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
	   How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
	   How do I print to more than one file at once?
	   How can I read in an entire file all at once?
	   How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
	   How can I read a single character from a file?  From the keyboard?
	   How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
	   How do I do a "tail -f" in perl?
	   How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
	   How do I close a file descriptor by number?
	   Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths?	Why doesn't
	   `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
	   Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
	   Why does Perl let me delete read-only files?	 Why does "-i" clobber
	   protected files?  Isn't this a bug in Perl?
	   How do I select a random line from a file?
	   Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 2005/12/31
       00:54:37 $)

       DESCRIPTION
	   How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegi‐
	   ble and unmaintainable code?
	       Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Differ‐
	       ent Delimiters

	   I'm having trouble matching over more than one line.	 What's wrong?
	   How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves
	   on different lines?
	   I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's
	   wrong?
	   How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving
	   case on the RHS?
	   How can I make "\w" match national character sets?
	   How can I match a locale-smart version of "/[a-zA-Z]/"?
	   How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
	   What is "/o" really for?
	   How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
	   file?
	   Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
	   What does it mean that regexes are greedy?  How can I get around
	   it?
	   How do I process each word on each line?
	   How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
	   How can I do approximate matching?
	   How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
	   Why don't word-boundary searches with "\b" work for me?
	   Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
	   What good is "\G" in a regular expression?
	   Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs?  Are they POSIX compliant?
	   What's wrong with using grep in a void context?
	   How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
	   How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date:
       2005/12/31 00:54:37 $)

       DESCRIPTION
	   Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
	   What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when
	   to use them?
	   Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
	   commas?
	   How do I skip some return values?
	   How do I temporarily block warnings?
	   What's an extension?
	   Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
	   How do I declare/create a structure?
	   How do I create a module?
	   How do I create a class?
	   How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
	   What's a closure?
	   What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
	   How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
	   Regex}?
	       Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing
	       Regexes, Passing Methods

	   How do I create a static variable?
	   What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
	   Between local() and my()?
	   How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
	   is in scope?
	   What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
	   Why doesn't "my($foo) = <FILE>;" work right?
	   How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
	   What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
	   How do I create a switch or case statement?
	   How can I catch accesses to undefined variables, functions, or
	   methods?
	   Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
	   How can I find out my current package?
	   How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
	   How do I clear a package?
	   How can I use a variable as a variable name?
	   What does "bad interpreter" mean?
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.27 $, $Date: 2005/12/31
       00:54:37 $)

       DESCRIPTION
	   How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
	   How come exec() doesn't return?
	   How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
	       Keyboard, Screen, Mouse

	   How do I print something out in color?
	   How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
	   How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
	   How do I clear the screen?
	   How do I get the screen size?
	   How do I ask the user for a password?
	   How do I read and write the serial port?
	       lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-block‐
	       ing input

	   How do I decode encrypted password files?
	   How do I start a process in the background?
	       STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies

	   How do I trap control characters/signals?
	   How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
	   How do I set the time and date?
	   How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
	   How can I measure time under a second?
	   How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception han‐
	   dling)
	   Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)?  What
	   does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
	   How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
	   Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
	   Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
	   How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
	   Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
	   How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
	   Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
	   What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
	   How can I call backticks without shell processing?
	   Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on
	   Unix, ^Z on MS-DOS)?
	   How can I convert my shell script to perl?
	   Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
	   How can I write expect in Perl?
	   Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
	   "ps"?
	   I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl
	   script. How come the change disappeared when I exited the script?
	   How do I get my changes to be visible?
	       Unix

	   How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
	   complete?
	   How do I fork a daemon process?
	   How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
	   How do I timeout a slow event?
	   How do I set CPU limits?
	   How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
	   How do I use an SQL database?
	   How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
	   How do I open a file without blocking?
	   How do I tell the difference between errors from the shell and
	   perl?
	   How do I install a module from CPAN?
	   What's the difference between require and use?
	   How do I keep my own module/library directory?
	   How do I add the directory my program lives in to the mod‐
	   ule/library search path?
	   How do I add a directory to my include path (@INC) at runtime?
	   What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date: 2005/12/31 00:54:37 $)

       DESCRIPTION
	   What is the correct form of response from a CGI script?
	   My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser.  (500
	   Server Error)
	   How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
	   How do I remove HTML from a string?
	   How do I extract URLs?
	   How do I download a file from the user's machine?  How do I open a
	   file on another machine?
	   How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
	   How do I fetch an HTML file?
	   How do I automate an HTML form submission?
	   How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
	   How do I redirect to another page?
	   How do I put a password on my web pages?
	   How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
	   How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause
	   my CGI script to do bad things?
	   How do I parse a mail header?
	   How do I decode a CGI form?
	   How do I check a valid mail address?
	   How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
	   How do I return the user's mail address?
	   How do I send mail?
	   How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
	   How do I read mail?
	   How do I find out my hostname, domainname, or IP address?
	       gethostbyname, Socket, Net::Domain, Sys::Hostname"
	   How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
	   How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
	   How can I do RPC in Perl?
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlsyn - Perl syntax

       DESCRIPTION
	   Declarations
	   Comments
	   Simple Statements
	   Truth and Falsehood
	   Statement Modifiers
	   Compound Statements
	   Loop Control
	   For Loops
	   Foreach Loops
	   Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
	   Goto
	   PODs: Embedded Documentation
	   Plain Old Comments (Not!)

       perldata - Perl data types

       DESCRIPTION
	   Variable names
	   Context
	   Scalar values
	   Scalar value constructors
	   List value constructors
	   Subscripts
	   Slices
	   Typeglobs and Filehandles
       SEE ALSO

       perlop - Perl operators and precedence

       DESCRIPTION
	   Operator Precedence and Associativity
	   Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
	   The Arrow Operator
	   Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
	   Exponentiation
	   Symbolic Unary Operators
	   Binding Operators
	   Multiplicative Operators
	   Additive Operators
	   Shift Operators
	   Named Unary Operators
	   Relational Operators
	   Equality Operators
	   Bitwise And
	   Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
	   C-style Logical And
	   C-style Logical Or
	   Range Operators
	   Conditional Operator
	   Assignment Operators
	   Comma Operator
	   List Operators (Rightward)
	   Logical Not
	   Logical And
	   Logical or and Exclusive Or
	       err operator, logical, defined or operator, logical, exclusive
	       or or xor err"
	   C Operators Missing From Perl
	       unary &, unary *, (TYPE)

	   Quote and Quote-like Operators
	   Regexp Quote-Like Operators
	       ?PATTERN? , m/PATTERN/cgimosx
		, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/	 , 'STRING', qq/STRING/	   ,
	       "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx      , qx/STRING/
		, `STRING`, qw/STRING/	 , s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx

		 , tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds
		  , y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <<EOF options regexp
	       regex, options regex  c	i  m  o	 s  x q quote, double ' '' qq
	       quote, double "" """" qr	 i  m  o  s  x qx ` `` backtick qw
	       quote, list quote, words substitute substitution replace reg‐
	       exp, replace regexp, substitute	e  g  i	 m  o  s  x tr y
	       transliterate  c	 d  s here-doc heredoc here-document <<"

	   Gory details of parsing quoted constructs
	       Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters,
	       Interpolation , "<<'EOF'", "m''", "s'''", "tr///", "y///", '',
	       "q//", "", ``, "qq//", "qx//", "<file*glob>", "?RE?", "/RE/",
	       "m/RE/", "s/RE/foo/",, Interpolation of regular expressions ,
	       Optimization of regular expressions optimization"

	   I/O Operators
	   Constant Folding
	   No-ops
	   Bitwise String Operators
	   Integer Arithmetic
	   Floating-point Arithmetic
	   Bigger Numbers

       perlsub - Perl subroutines

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Private Variables via my()
	   Persistent Private Variables
	   Temporary Values via local()
	   Lvalue subroutines
	       Lvalue subroutines are EXPERIMENTAL

	   Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
	   When to Still Use local()
	   Pass by Reference
	   Prototypes
	   Constant Functions
	   Overriding Built-in Functions
	   Autoloading
	   Subroutine Attributes
       SEE ALSO

       perlfunc - Perl builtin functions

       DESCRIPTION
	   Perl Functions by Category
	       Functions for SCALARs or strings	  , Regular expressions and
	       pattern matching	  , Numeric functions	 , Functions for real
	       @ARRAYs , Functions for list data , Functions for real %HASHes
	       , Input and output functions
		 , Functions for fixed length data or records, Functions for
	       filehandles, files, or directories
		  , Keywords related to the control flow of your Perl program
	       , Keywords related to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Func‐
	       tions for processes and process groups
		 , Keywords related to perl modules , Keywords related to
	       classes and object-orientedness
		, Low-level socket functions  , System V interprocess communi‐
	       cation functions
		 , Fetching user and group info
		     , Fetching network info , Time-related functions  , Func‐
	       tions new in perl5 , Functions obsoleted in perl5

	   Portability
	   Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
	       -X FILEHANDLE

	       , -X EXPR, -X, abs VALUE	 , abs, accept NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET
	       , alarm SECONDS	 , alarm, atan2 Y,X
		  , bind SOCKET,NAME , binmode FILEHANDLE, LAYER     , binmode
	       FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME , bless REF, caller EXPR
		 , caller, chdir EXPR  , chdir FILEHANDLE, chdir DIRHANDLE,
	       chdir, chmod LIST , chomp VARIABLE , chomp( LIST ), chomp, chop
	       VARIABLE , chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST    , chr NUMBER
		 , chr, chroot FILENAME	 , chroot, close FILEHANDLE , close,
	       closedir DIRHANDLE , connect SOCKET,NAME , continue BLOCK , cos
	       EXPR
		 , cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT

		, dbmclose HASH , dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK     , defined EXPR
		 , defined, delete EXPR , die LIST
		    , do BLOCK , do SUBROUTINE(LIST) , do EXPR , dump LABEL
		, dump, each HASH  , eof FILEHANDLE   , eof (), eof, eval EXPR
		    , eval BLOCK, eval, exec LIST  , exec PROGRAM LIST, exists
	       EXPR , exit EXPR	  , exit, exp EXPR     , exp, fcntl FILEHAN‐
	       DLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR , fileno FILEHANDLE , flock FILEHAN‐
	       DLE,OPERATION   , fork , format , formline PICTURE,LIST , getc
	       FILEHANDLE  , getc, getlogin  , getpeername SOCKET  , getpgrp
	       PID  , getppid	, getpriority WHICH,WHO
		, getpwnam NAME

		 , getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, get‐
	       protobyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname
	       NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr
	       ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport
	       PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getpro‐
	       toent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN,
	       setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN,
	       endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endser‐
	       vent, getsockname SOCKET , getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME ,
	       glob EXPR
		, glob, gmtime EXPR , gmtime, goto LABEL   , goto EXPR, goto
	       &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST , grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR , hex, import
	       LIST , index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION
		 , index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR
		, int, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR , join EXPR,LIST ,
	       keys HASH  , kill SIGNAL, LIST , last LABEL  , last, lc EXPR  ,
	       lc, lcfirst EXPR	 , lcfirst, length EXPR , length, link OLD‐
	       FILE,NEWFILE , listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE , local EXPR , localtime
	       EXPR , localtime, lock THING , log EXPR	   , log, lstat EXPR ,
	       lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST , map EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK
	       , mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG , msgget KEY,FLAGS , msgrcv
	       ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS , msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS , my EXPR , my
	       TYPE EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRS, my TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, next LABEL
		, next, no Module VERSION LIST , no Module VERSION, no Module
	       LIST, no Module, oct EXPR
		, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR , open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open
	       FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open
	       FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR , ord EXPR  , ord, our EXPR
	       , our EXPR TYPE, our EXPR : ATTRS, our TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, pack
	       TEMPLATE,LIST , package NAMESPACE   , package, pipe READHAN‐
	       DLE,WRITEHANDLE , pop ARRAY  , pop, pos SCALAR
		, pos, print FILEHANDLE LIST , print LIST, print, printf FILE‐
	       HANDLE FORMAT, LIST , printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION ,
	       push ARRAY,LIST , , q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/,
	       qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR
		, quotemeta, rand EXPR	, rand, read FILEHAN‐
	       DLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET , read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, read‐
	       dir DIRHANDLE , readline EXPR
		 , readlink EXPR , readlink, readpipe EXPR , recv
	       SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS , redo LABEL , redo, ref EXPR	 ,
	       ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME
		  , require VERSION , require EXPR, require, reset EXPR ,
	       reset, return EXPR , return, reverse LIST   , rewinddir DIRHAN‐
	       DLE , rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION , rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir
	       FILENAME
		, rmdir, s///, scalar EXPR  , seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE
	       , seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS , select FILEHANDLE  , select, select
	       RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT , semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG , semget
	       KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS , semop KEY,OPSTRING , send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO
	       , send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP  , setpriority
	       WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY    , setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL
	       , shift ARRAY , shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG , shmget
	       KEY,SIZE,FLAGS , shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE	 , shmwrite
	       ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW , sin EXPR , sin, sleep
	       EXPR  , sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL , socketpair
	       SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL , sort SUBNAME LIST
		  , sort BLOCK LIST, sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFF‐
	       SET,LENGTH,LIST , splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, splice ARRAY,OFF‐
	       SET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT , split /PAT‐
	       TERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST , for‐
	       mat parameter index, flags, vector flag, (minimum) width, pre‐
	       cision, or maximum width , size, order of arguments, sqrt EXPR
	       , sqrt, srand EXPR , srand, stat FILEHANDLE  , stat EXPR, stat,
	       study SCALAR , study, sub NAME BLOCK , sub NAME (PROTO) BLOCK,
	       sub NAME : ATTRS BLOCK, sub NAME (PROTO) : ATTRS BLOCK, substr
	       EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT , substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,
	       substr EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE    , syscall NUM‐
	       BER, LIST  , sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE , sysopen FILE‐
	       HANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread FILEHAN‐
	       DLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET , sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
	       sysseek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE  , system LIST , system PRO‐
	       GRAM LIST, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET , syswrite
	       FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell
	       FILEHANDLE , tell, telldir DIRHANDLE , tie VARIABLE,CLASS‐
	       NAME,LIST , tied VARIABLE , time , times , tr///, truncate
	       FILEHANDLE,LENGTH , truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR   , uc,
	       ucfirst EXPR  , ucfirst, umask EXPR , umask, undef EXPR	,
	       undef, unlink LIST , unlink, unpack TEMPLATE,EXPR , untie VARI‐
	       ABLE , unshift ARRAY,LIST , use Module VERSION LIST , use Mod‐
	       ule VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime
	       LIST , values HASH , vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS
		, wait , waitpid PID,FLAGS , wantarray
		, warn LIST   , write FILEHANDLE , write EXPR, write, y///
	       default select semctl semget semop send setpgrp group setprior‐
	       ity priority nice renice setsockopt shift shmctl shmget shmread
	       shmwrite shutdown sin sine asin arcsine sleep pause socket
	       socketpair sort qsort quicksort mergesort splice split sprintf
	       precision sqrt root square root srand seed randseed stat file,
	       status study sub substr substring mid left right symlink link
	       symbolic link link, symbolic syscall system call sysopen sys‐
	       read sysseek lseek system shell syswrite tell telldir tie tied
	       time epoch times truncate uc uppercase toupper ucfirst upper‐
	       case umask undef undefine unlink delete remove rm unpack untie
	       unshift use module import utime values vec bit bit vector wait
	       waitpid wantarray context warn warning STDERR write"

       perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl

       DESCRIPTION
       Open A la shell
	   Simple Opens
	   Indirect Filehandles
	   Pipe Opens
	   The Minus File
	   Mixing Reads and Writes
	   Filters
       Open A la C
	   Permissions A la mode
       Obscure Open Tricks
	   Re-Opening Files (dups)
	   Dispelling the Dweomer
	   Paths as Opens
	   Single Argument Open
	   Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
       Other I/O Issues
	   Opening Non-File Files
	   Opening Named Pipes
	   Opening Sockets
	   Binary Files
	   File Locking
	   IO Layers
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
       HISTORY

       perlpacktut - tutorial on "pack" and "unpack"

       DESCRIPTION
       The Basic Principle
       Packing Text
       Packing Numbers
	   Integers
	   Unpacking a Stack Frame
	   How to Eat an Egg on a Net
	   Floating point Numbers
       Exotic Templates
	   Bit Strings
	   Uuencoding
	   Doing Sums
	   Unicode
	   Another Portable Binary Encoding
       Template Grouping
       Lengths and Widths
	   String Lengths
	   Dynamic Templates
	   Counting Repetitions
       Packing and Unpacking C Structures
	   The Alignment Pit
	   Alignment, Take 2
	   Alignment, Take 3
	   Pointers for How to Use Them
       Pack Recipes
       Funnies Section
       Authors

       perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format

       DESCRIPTION
	   Ordinary Paragraph
	   Verbatim Paragraph
	   Command Paragraph
	       "=head1 Heading Text"
		 , "=head2 Heading Text", "=head3 Heading Text", "=head4 Head‐
	       ing Text", "=over indentlevel"
		   , "=item stuff...", "=back", "=cut"	, "=pod"  , "=begin
	       formatname"
		    , "=end formatname", "=for formatname text...", "=encoding
	       encodingname"

	   Formatting Codes
	       "I<text>" -- italic text	   , "B<text>" -- bold text
		, "C<code>" -- code text
		 , "L<name>" -- a hyperlink , "E<escape>" -- a character
	       escape
		, "F<filename>" -- used for filenames , "S<text>" -- text con‐
	       tains non-breaking spaces
		  , "X<topic name>" -- an index entry
		, "Z<>" -- a null (zero-effect) formatting code code, italic
	       italic B B<> POD, formatting code, bold bold C C<> POD, format‐
	       ting code, code code L L<> POD, formatting code, hyperlink
	       hyperlink E E<> POD, formatting code, escape escape F F<> POD,
	       formatting code, filename filename S S<> POD, formatting code,
	       non-breaking space non-breaking space X X<> POD, formatting
	       code, index entry index entry Z Z<> POD, formatting code, null
	       null"

	   The Intent
	   Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
	   Hints for Writing Pod

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and notes

       DESCRIPTION
       Pod Definitions
       Pod Commands
	   "=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over",
	   "=item", "=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for
	   formatname text...", "=encoding encodingname"

       Pod Formatting Codes
	   "I<text>" -- italic text, "B<text>" -- bold text, "C<code>" -- code
	   text, "F<filename>" -- style for filenames, "X<topic name>" -- an
	   index entry, "Z<>" -- a null (zero-effect) formatting code,
	   "L<name>" -- a hyperlink, "E<escape>" -- a character escape,
	   "S<text>" -- text contains non-breaking spaces

       Notes on Implementing Pod Processors
       About L<...> Codes
	   First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth:

       About =over...=back Regions
       About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
	       OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS

	   Location of Perl
	   Command Switches
	       -0[octal/hexadecimal]  , -a  , -C [number/list] , -c , -d  ,
	       -dt, -d:foo[=bar,baz]  , -dt:foo[=bar,baz], -Dletters   ,
	       -Dnumber, -e commandline , -f , -Fpattern , -h , -i[extension]
	       , -Idirectory  , -l[octnum]   , -m[-]module  , -M[-]module,
	       -M[-]'module ...', -[mM][-]module=arg[,arg]..., -n , -p , -P ,
	       -s , -S , -t , -T , -u , -U , -v , -V , -V:configvar, -w , -W ,
	       -X , -x , -x directory

       ENVIRONMENT
	   HOME , LOGDIR , PATH , PERL5LIB , PERL5OPT , PERLIO , :bytes ,
	   :crlf , :mmap , :perlio , :pop , :raw , :stdio , :unix , :utf8 ,
	   :win32 , PERLIO_DEBUG , PERLLIB , PERL5DB , PERL5DB_THREADED ,
	   PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port) , PERL_ALLOW_NON_IFS_LSP
	   (specific to the Win32 port) , PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS ,
	   PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL , PERL_DL_NONLAZY , PERL_ENCODING ,
	   PERL_HASH_SEED , PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG , PERL_ROOT (specific to the
	   VMS port) , PERL_SIGNALS , PERL_UNICODE , SYS$LOGIN (specific to
	   the VMS port)

       perldiag - various Perl diagnostics

       DESCRIPTION

       perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings

       DESCRIPTION
	   Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
	   What's wrong with -w and $^W
	   Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
	       -w , -W , -X

	   Backward Compatibility
	   Category Hierarchy
	   Fatal Warnings
	   Reporting Warnings from a Module
       TODO
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       perldebug - Perl debugging

       DESCRIPTION
       The Perl Debugger
	   Debugger Commands
	       h , h [command], h h, p expr , x [maxdepth] expr , V [pkg
	       [vars]] , X [vars] , y [level [vars]] , T   , s [expr]  , n
	       [expr] , r , <CR>, c [line⎪sub] , l , l min+incr, l min-max, l
	       line, l subname, - , v [line] , . , f filename , /pattern/,
	       ?pattern?, L [abw] , S [[!]regex] , t , t expr , b , b [line]
	       [condition]  , b subname [condition]  , b postpone subname
	       [condition]  , b load filename  , b compile subname
		, B line  , B *	 , a [line] command , A line , A * , w expr ,
	       W expr , W * , o , o booloption ...  , o anyoption? ... , o
	       option=value ... , < ? , < [ command ] , < * , << command , > ?
	       , > command , > * , >> command , { ? , { [ command ], { * , {{
	       command , ! number , ! -number , !  pattern , !! cmd , source
	       file , H -number , q or ^D
		, R , ⎪dbcmd , ⎪⎪dbcmd , command, m expr , M , man [manpage]
	       command, V debugger command, X debugger command, y debugger
	       command, T backtrace stack, backtrace debugger command, s step
	       debugger command, n debugger command, r debugger command, c
	       debugger command, l debugger command, - debugger command, v
	       debugger command, . debugger command, f debugger command, L
	       debugger command, S debugger command, t debugger command, t
	       breakpoint debugger command, b breakpoint debugger command, b
	       breakpoint debugger command, b breakpoint debugger command, b
	       breakpoint debugger command, b breakpoint debugger command, b
	       breakpoint debugger command, B breakpoint debugger command, B
	       debugger command, a debugger command, A debugger command, A
	       debugger command, w debugger command, W debugger command, W
	       debugger command, o debugger command, o debugger command, o
	       debugger command, o debugger command, < debugger command, <
	       debugger command, < debugger command, << debugger command, >
	       debugger command, > debugger command, > debugger command, >>
	       debugger command, { debugger command, { debugger command, {{
	       debugger command, ! debugger command, ! debugger command, !
	       debugger command, !! debugger command, source debugger command,
	       H debugger command, q debugger command, ^D debugger command, R
	       debugger command, ⎪ debugger command, ⎪⎪ debugger command, m
	       debugger command, M debugger command, man"

	   Configurable Options
	       "recallCommand", "ShellBang"  , "pager" , "tkRunning" , "sig‐
	       nalLevel", "warnLevel", "dieLevel"
		 , "AutoTrace" , "LineInfo" , "inhibit_exit" , "PrintRet" ,
	       "ornaments" , "frame" , "maxTraceLen" , "windowSize" , "array‐
	       Depth", "hashDepth"  , "dumpDepth" , "compactDump",
	       "veryCompact" , "globPrint" , "DumpDBFiles" , "DumpPackages" ,
	       "DumpReused" , "quote", "HighBit", "undefPrint"
		, "UsageOnly" , "TTY" , "noTTY" , "ReadLine" , "NonStop"
	       option, ShellBang debugger option, pager debugger option,
	       tkRunning debugger option, signalLevel debugger option, warn‐
	       Level debugger option, dieLevel debugger option, AutoTrace
	       debugger option, LineInfo debugger option, inhibit_exit debug‐
	       ger option, PrintRet debugger option, ornaments debugger
	       option, frame debugger option, maxTraceLen debugger option,
	       windowSize debugger option, arrayDepth debugger option,
	       hashDepth debugger option, dumpDepth debugger option, compact‐
	       Dump debugger option, veryCompact debugger option, globPrint
	       debugger option, DumpDBFiles debugger option, DumpPackages
	       debugger option, DumpReused debugger option, quote debugger
	       option, HighBit debugger option, undefPrint debugger option,
	       UsageOnly debugger option, TTY debugger option, noTTY debugger
	       option, ReadLine debugger option, NonStop"

	   Debugger input/output
	       Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace  , Line Listing
	       Format, Frame listing backtrace"

	   Debugging compile-time statements
	   Debugger Customization
	   Readline Support
	   Editor Support for Debugging
	   The Perl Profiler
       Debugging regular expressions
       Debugging memory usage
       SEE ALSO
       BUGS

       perlvar - Perl predefined variables

       DESCRIPTION
	   Predefined Names
	       $ARG, $_, $a, $b, $<digits>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POST‐
	       MATCH, $', $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $*,
	       HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $,
	       IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARA‐
	       TOR, $RS, $/, HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $⎪,
	       IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARA‐
	       TOR, $OFS, $,, IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUT‐
	       PUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUB‐
	       SCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $#, HANDLE->format_page_num‐
	       ber(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, HANDLE->for‐
	       mat_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, HAN‐
	       DLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-,
	       @LAST_MATCH_START, @-, $` is the same as "substr($var, 0,
	       $-[0])", $& is the same as "substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] -
	       $-[0])", $' is the same as "substr($var, $+[0])", $1 is the
	       same as "substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])", $2 is the same as
	       "substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])", $3 is the same as "sub‐
	       str($var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])", HANDLE->format_name(EXPR),
	       $FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FOR‐
	       MAT_TOP_NAME, $^, IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters
	       EXPR, $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->for‐
	       mat_formfeed EXPR, $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A,
	       $CHILD_ERROR, $?, ${^ENCODING}, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, %!,
	       $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID,
	       $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>,
	       $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PRO‐
	       GRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D, $SYS‐
	       TEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME,
	       $^O, ${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10,
	       0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x100, 0x200, 0x400, $LAST_REG‐
	       EXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, $BASETIME,
	       $^T, ${^TAINT}, ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE}, $PERL_VERSION,
	       $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X,
	       ARGV, $ARGV, @ARGV, ARGVOUT, @F, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV,
	       $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr}

	   Error Indicators
	   Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
       BUGS

       perlre - Perl regular expressions

       DESCRIPTION
	   i	, m    , s
	    , x expression, case-insensitive  m regex, multiline regexp, mul‐
	   tiline regular expression, multiline	 s regex, single-line regexp,
	   single-line regular expression, single-line	x"

	   Regular Expressions
	       [1], [2], [3], cntrl , graph , print , punct , xdigit

	   Extended Patterns
	       "(?#text)" , "(?imsx-imsx)" , "(?:pattern)" , "(?imsx-imsx:pat‐
	       tern)", "(?=pattern)" , "(?!pattern)" , "(?<=pattern)" ,
	       "(?<!pattern)" , "(?{ code })"
		, "(??{ code })"
		     , "(?>pattern)"  , "(?(condition)yes-pattern⎪no-pattern)"
	       , "(?(condition)yes-pattern)" postponed regex, recursive reg‐
	       exp, recursive regular expression, recursive backtrack back‐
	       tracking (?()"

	   Backtracking
	   Version 8 Regular Expressions
	   Warning on \1 vs $1
	   Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring
	   Combining pieces together
	       "ST", "S⎪T", "S{REPEAT_COUNT}", "S{min,max}", "S{min,max}?",
	       "S?", "S*", "S+", "S??", "S*?", "S+?", "(?>S)", "(?=S)",
	       "(?<=S)", "(?!S)", "(?<!S)", "(??{ EXPR })", "(?(condi‐
	       tion)yes-pattern⎪no-pattern)"

	   Creating custom RE engines
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO

       perlreref - Perl Regular Expressions Reference

       DESCRIPTION
	   OPERATORS
	   SYNTAX
	   ESCAPE SEQUENCES
	   CHARACTER CLASSES
	   ANCHORS
	   QUANTIFIERS
	   EXTENDED CONSTRUCTS
	   VARIABLES
	   FUNCTIONS
	   TERMINOLOGY
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO
       THANKS

       perlref - Perl references and nested data structures

       NOTE
       DESCRIPTION
	   Making References
	       1.  , 2.
		  , 3.

		 , 4.	    , 5.  , 6. , 7.  anonymous subroutine, reference
	       reference, subroutine scope, lexical closure lexical lexical
	       scope constructor new autovivification *foo{THING} *"

	   Using References
	       2.   , 3.   , 4.

	   Symbolic references
	   Not-so-symbolic references
	   Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
	   Function Templates
       WARNING
       SEE ALSO

       perlform - Perl formats

       DESCRIPTION
	   Text Fields
	   Numeric Fields
	   The Field @* for Variable Width Multi-Line Text
	   The Field ^* for Variable Width One-line-at-a-time Text
	   Specifying Values
	   Using Fill Mode
	   Suppressing Lines Where All Fields Are Void
	   Repeating Format Lines
	   Top of Form Processing
	   Format Variables
       NOTES
	   Footers
	   Accessing Formatting Internals
       WARNINGS

       perlobj - Perl objects

       DESCRIPTION
	   An Object is Simply a Reference
	   A Class is Simply a Package
	   A Method is Simply a Subroutine
	   Method Invocation
	   Indirect Object Syntax
	   Default UNIVERSAL methods
	       isa(CLASS) , can(METHOD) , VERSION( [NEED] )

	   Destructors
	   Summary
	   Two-Phased Garbage Collection
       SEE ALSO

       perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Tying Scalars
	       TIESCALAR classname, LIST , FETCH this , STORE this, value ,
	       UNTIE this , DESTROY this

	   Tying Arrays
	       TIEARRAY classname, LIST , FETCH this, index , STORE this,
	       index, value , FETCHSIZE this , STORESIZE this, count , EXTEND
	       this, count , EXISTS this, key , DELETE this, key , CLEAR this
	       , PUSH this, LIST
		, POP this , SHIFT this , UNSHIFT this, LIST , SPLICE this,
	       offset, length, LIST , UNTIE this , DESTROY this

	   Tying Hashes
	       USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST , FETCH
	       this, key , STORE this, key, value , DELETE this, key , CLEAR
	       this , EXISTS this, key , FIRSTKEY this , NEXTKEY this, lastkey
	       , SCALAR this , UNTIE this , DESTROY this

	   Tying FileHandles
	       TIEHANDLE classname, LIST , WRITE this, LIST , PRINT this, LIST
	       , PRINTF this, LIST , READ this, LIST , READLINE this , GETC
	       this , CLOSE this , UNTIE this , DESTROY this

	   UNTIE this
	   The "untie" Gotcha
       SEE ALSO
       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   filter_store_key, filter_store_value, filter_fetch_key, fil‐
	   ter_fetch_value

	   The Filter
	   An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
	   Another Example -- Key is a C int.
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, safe
       subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)

       DESCRIPTION
       Signals
	   Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons
       Named Pipes
	   Deferred Signals (Safe Signals)
	       Long running opcodes, Interrupting IO, Restartable system
	       calls, Signals as "faults", Signals triggered by operating sys‐
	       tem state

       Using open() for IPC
	   Filehandles
	   Background Processes
	   Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
	   Safe Pipe Opens
	   Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
	   Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
       Sockets: Client/Server Communication
	   Internet Line Terminators
	   Internet TCP Clients and Servers
	   Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
       TCP Clients with IO::Socket
	   A Simple Client
	       "Proto", "PeerAddr", "PeerPort"

	   A Webget Client
	   Interactive Client with IO::Socket
       TCP Servers with IO::Socket
	   Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse

       UDP: Message Passing
       SysV IPC
       NOTES
       BUGS
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
	       $$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that
	       accept filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(),
	       Open handles to files, directories and network sockets

	   Resource limits
	   Killing the parent process
	   Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
	   CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
	       BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet
	       implemented, Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter
	       embedded in larger application, Thread-safety of extensions

       BUGS
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       Storing numbers
       Numeric operators and numeric conversions
       Flavors of Perl numeric operations
	   Arithmetic operators, ++, Arithmetic operators during "use inte‐
	   ger", Other mathematical operators, Bitwise operators, Bitwise
	   operators during "use integer", Operators which expect an integer,
	   Operators which expect a string

       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl

       DESCRIPTION
       Status
       What Is A Thread Anyway?
       Threaded Program Models
	   Boss/Worker
	   Work Crew
	   Pipeline
       What kind of threads are Perl threads?
       Thread-Safe Modules
       Thread Basics
	   Basic Thread Support
	   A Note about the Examples
	   Creating Threads
	   Waiting For A Thread To Exit
	   Ignoring A Thread
       Threads And Data
	   Shared And Unshared Data
	   Thread Pitfalls: Races
       Synchronization and control
	   Controlling access: lock()
	   A Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
	   Queues: Passing Data Around
	   Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
	   Basic semaphores
	   Advanced Semaphores
	   cond_wait() and cond_signal()
	   Giving up control
       General Thread Utility Routines
	   What Thread Am I In?
	   Thread IDs
	   Are These Threads The Same?
	   What Threads Are Running?
       A Complete Example
       Different implementations of threads
       Performance considerations
       Process-scope Changes
       Thread-Safety of System Libraries
       Conclusion
       Bibliography
	   Introductory Texts
	   OS-Related References
	   Other References
       Acknowledgements
       AUTHOR
       Copyrights

       perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl

       DESCRIPTION
       What Is A Thread Anyway?
       Threaded Program Models
	   Boss/Worker
	   Work Crew
	   Pipeline
       Native threads
       What kind of threads are perl threads?
       Threadsafe Modules
       Thread Basics
	   Basic Thread Support
	   Creating Threads
	   Giving up control
	   Waiting For A Thread To Exit
	   Errors In Threads
	   Ignoring A Thread
       Threads And Data
	   Shared And Unshared Data
	   Thread Pitfall: Races
	   Controlling access: lock()
	   Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
	   Queues: Passing Data Around
       Threads And Code
	   Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
	       Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores

	   Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
	   Subroutine Locks
	   Methods
	   Locking A Subroutine
       General Thread Utility Routines
	   What Thread Am I In?
	   Thread IDs
	   Are These Threads The Same?
	   What Threads Are Running?
       A Complete Example
       Conclusion
       Bibliography
	   Introductory Texts
	   OS-Related References
	   Other References
       Acknowledgements
       AUTHOR
       Copyrights

       perlport - Writing portable Perl

       DESCRIPTION
	   Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl
	   already is portable

       ISSUES
	   Newlines
	   Numbers endianness and Width
	   Files and Filesystems
	   System Interaction
	   Command names versus file pathnames
	   Networking
	   Interprocess Communication (IPC)
	   External Subroutines (XS)
	   Standard Modules
	   Time and Date
	   Character sets and character encoding
	   Internationalisation
	   System Resources
	   Security
	   Style
       CPAN Testers
       PLATFORMS
	   Unix
	   DOS and Derivatives
	   Mac OS
	   VMS
	   VOS
	   EBCDIC Platforms
	   Acorn RISC OS
	   Other perls
       FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
	   Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
	       -X, atan2 Y,X, atan2, binmode, chmod, chown, chroot, crypt,
	       dbmclose, dbmopen, dump, exec, exit, fcntl, flock, fork, getlo‐
	       gin, getpgrp, getppid, getpriority, getpwnam, getgrnam, getnet‐
	       byname, getpwuid, getgrgid, getnetbyaddr, getprotobynumber,
	       getservbyport, getpwent, getgrent, gethostbyname, gethostent,
	       getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, sethostent, setnetent, set‐
	       protoent, setservent, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endne‐
	       tent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,
	       glob, gmtime, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill, link,
	       localtime, lstat, msgctl, msgget, msgsnd, msgrcv, open, pipe,
	       readlink, rename, select, semctl, semget, semop, setgrent,
	       setpgrp, setpriority, setpwent, setsockopt, shmctl, shmget,
	       shmread, shmwrite, sockatmark, socketpair, stat, symlink,
	       syscall, sysopen, system, times, truncate, umask, utime, wait,
	       waitpid

       Supported Platforms
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS

       perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and localiza‐
       tion)

       DESCRIPTION
       PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
       USING LOCALES
	   The use locale pragma
	   The setlocale function
	   Finding locales
	   LOCALE PROBLEMS
	   Temporarily fixing locale problems
	   Permanently fixing locale problems
	   Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
	   Fixing system locale configuration
	   The localeconv function
	   I18N::Langinfo
       LOCALE CATEGORIES
	   Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
	   Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
	   Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
	   Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
	   LC_TIME
	   Other categories
       SECURITY
       ENVIRONMENT
	   PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY,
	   LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG

       NOTES
	   Backward compatibility
	   I18N:Collate obsolete
	   Sort speed and memory use impacts
	   write() and LC_NUMERIC
	   Freely available locale definitions
	   I18n and l10n
	   An imperfect standard
       Unicode and UTF-8
       BUGS
	   Broken systems
       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction

       DESCRIPTION
	   Unicode
	   Perl's Unicode Support
	   Perl's Unicode Model
	   Unicode and EBCDIC
	   Creating Unicode
	   Handling Unicode
	   Legacy Encodings
	   Unicode I/O
	   Displaying Unicode As Text
	   Special Cases
	   Advanced Topics
	   Miscellaneous
	   Questions With Answers
	   Hexadecimal Notation
	   Further Resources
       UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS
       SEE ALSO
       ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
       AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE

       perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl

       DESCRIPTION
	   Important Caveats
	       Input and Output Layers, Regular Expressions, "use utf8" still
	       needed to enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts, BOM-marked
	       scripts and UTF-16 scripts autodetected, "use encoding" needed
	       to upgrade non-Latin-1 byte strings

	   Byte and Character Semantics
	   Effects of Character Semantics
	   Scripts
	   Blocks
	   User-Defined Character Properties
	   Character Encodings for Input and Output
	   Unicode Regular Expression Support Level
	   Unicode Encodings
	   Security Implications of Unicode
	   Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC
	   Locales
	   When Unicode Does Not Happen
	   Forcing Unicode in Perl (Or Unforcing Unicode in Perl)
	   Using Unicode in XS
       BUGS
	   Interaction with Locales
	   Interaction with Extensions
	   Speed
	   Porting code from perl-5.6.X
       SEE ALSO

       perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms

       DESCRIPTION
       COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
	   ASCII
	   ISO 8859
	   Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
	   EBCDIC
	   13 variant characters
	   0037
	   1047
	   POSIX-BC
	   Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points
	   Remaining Perl Unicode problems in EBCDIC
	   Unicode and UTF
	   Using Encode
       SINGLE OCTET TABLES
	   recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe
	   6

       IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
       CONVERSIONS
	   tr///
	   iconv
	   C RTL
       OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
       FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
	   chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(),
	   unpack()

       REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
       SOCKETS
       SORTING
	   Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
	   MONO CASE then sort data.
	   Convert, sort data, then re convert.
	   Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
       TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
	   URL decoding and encoding
	   uu encoding and decoding
	   Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
	   Caesarian ciphers
       Hashing order and checksums
       I18N AND L10N
       MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
       OS ISSUES
	   OS/400
	       PASE, IFS access

	   OS/390, z/OS
	       chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales

	   VM/ESA?
	   POSIX-BC?
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO
       REFERENCES
       HISTORY
       AUTHOR

       perlsec - Perl security

       DESCRIPTION
	   Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
	   Switches On the "#!" Line
	   Taint mode and @INC
	   Cleaning Up Your Path
	   Security Bugs
	   Protecting Your Programs
	   Unicode
	   Algorithmic Complexity Attacks
       SEE ALSO

       perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)

       DESCRIPTION
	   Packages
	   Symbol Tables
	   BEGIN, CHECK, INIT and END
	   Perl Classes
	   Perl Modules
	   Making your module threadsafe
       SEE ALSO

       perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones

       THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
	   Pragmatic Modules
	       assertions::compat, attributes, attrs, autouse, base, bigint,
	       bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, diagnostics,
	       encoding, fields, filetest, if, integer, less, lib, locale,
	       open, ops, overload, re, sigtrap, sort, strict, subs, threads,
	       threads::shared, utf8, vars, vmsish, warnings, warnings::regis‐
	       ter

	   Standard Modules
	       AnyDBM_File, Archive::Tar, Archive::Tar::File, Attribute::Han‐
	       dlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler,
	       B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug,
	       B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj,
	       B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI,
	       CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty,
	       CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime,
	       CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, Class::Struct, Com‐
	       press::Zlib, Config, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Data::Dumper,
	       Devel::DProf, Devel::PPPort, Devel::Peek, Devel::SelfStubber,
	       Digest, Digest::MD5, Digest::base, DirHandle, Dumpvalue,
	       DynaLoader, Encode, Encode::Alias, Encode::Byte, Encode::CJK‐
	       Constants, Encode::CN, Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::Config,
	       Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Encoder, Encode::Encoding,
	       Encode::Guess, Encode::JP, Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::JIS7,
	       Encode::KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::MIME::Header,
	       Encode::PerlIO, Encode::Supported, Encode::Symbol, Encode::TW,
	       Encode::Unicode, Encode::Unicode::UTF7, English, Env, Errno,
	       Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::CBuilder, ExtU‐
	       tils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows, ExtUtils::Command, ExtU‐
	       tils::Command::MM, ExtUtils::Constant, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtU‐
	       tils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtU‐
	       tils::MM, ExtUtils::MM_AIX, ExtUtils::MM_Any, ExtU‐
	       tils::MM_BeOS, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_DOS, ExtU‐
	       tils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtU‐
	       tils::MM_QNX, ExtUtils::MM_UWIN, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtU‐
	       tils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_VOS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtU‐
	       tils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtU‐
	       tils::MakeMaker::Config, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ, ExtU‐
	       tils::MakeMaker::Tutorial, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes, ExtU‐
	       tils::MakeMaker::vmsish, ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkboot‐
	       strap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::Par‐
	       seXS, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename,
	       File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob,
	       File::Find, File::Glob, File::Path, File::Spec,
	       File::Spec::Cygwin, File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions,
	       File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix,
	       File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat,
	       FileCache, FileHandle, Filter::Simple, Filter::Util::Call,
	       FindBin, GDBM_File, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, Hash::Util,
	       I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags, I18N::LangTags::List,
	       I18N::Langinfo, IO, IO::Dir, IO::File, IO::Handle, IO::Pipe,
	       IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, IO::Socket,
	       IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Zlib, IPC::Open2,
	       IPC::Open3, IPC::SysV, IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::SysV::Semaphore,
	       List::Util, Locale::Constants, Locale::Country, Locale::Cur‐
	       rency, Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext, Locale::Make‐
	       text::TPJ13, Locale::Script, MIME::Base64, MIME::Base64::Quot‐
	       edPrint, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::BigInt::Calc,
	       Math::BigInt::FastCalc, Math::BigRat, Math::Complex,
	       Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File, Memoize::Expire,
	       Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest, Memoize::NDBM_File,
	       Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable, NDBM_File, NEXT,
	       Net::Cmd, Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP,
	       Net::Netrc, Net::POP3, Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time,
	       Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent, Net::protoent,
	       Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, PerlIO, Per‐
	       lIO::encoding, PerlIO::scalar, PerlIO::via, PerlIO::via::Quot‐
	       edPrint, Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html,
	       Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink,
	       Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker,
	       Pod::Perldoc::ToMan, Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff, Pod::Perl‐
	       doc::ToPod, Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf, Pod::Perldoc::ToText,
	       Pod::Perldoc::ToTk, Pod::Perldoc::ToXml, Pod::PlainText,
	       Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color,
	       Pod::Text::Overstrike, Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage,
	       SDBM_File, Safe, Scalar::Util, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, Self‐
	       Loader, Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch, Symbol, Sys::Hostname,
	       Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, Term::Complete,
	       Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Builder, Test::Harness, Test::Har‐
	       ness::Assert, Test::Harness::Iterator, Test::Harness::Point,
	       Test::Harness::Straps, Test::More, Test::Simple, Test::Tuto‐
	       rial, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords,
	       Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread, Thread::Queue,
	       Thread::Semaphore, Thread::Signal, Thread::Specific,
	       Tie::Array, Tie::File, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::Memoize,
	       Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::HiRes,
	       Time::Local, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVER‐
	       SAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Unicode::UCD,
	       User::grent, User::pwent, Win32, XS::APItest, XS::Typemap,
	       XSLoader

	   Extension Modules
       CPAN
	   Africa
	       South Africa

	   Asia
	       China, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Russian Federation,
	       Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand

	   Central America
	       Costa Rica

	   Europe
	       Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia,
	       Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
	       Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
	       Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slo‐
	       vakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine,
	       United Kingdom

	   North America
	       Canada, Alberta, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Mexico, United
	       States, Alabama, California, Colorado, Delaware, District of
	       Columbia, Florida, Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan,
	       Nevada, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oregon,
	       Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington,
	       Wisconsin

	   Oceania
	       Australia, New Zealand, United States

	   South America
	       Argentina, Brazil, Chile

	   RSYNC Mirrors
       Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
	   Guidelines for Module Creation
	   Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
	   Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
       NOTE

       perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide

       INTRODUCTION
       QUICK CHECKLIST
	   Before you start
	   The API
	   Stability
	   Documentation
	   Release considerations
       BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE
	   Has it been done before?
	   Do one thing and do it well
	   What's in a name?
       DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE
	   To OO or not to OO?
	   Designing your API
	       Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functional‐
	       ity from output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Nam‐
	       ing conventions, Parameter passing

	   Strictness and warnings
	   Backwards compatibility
	   Error handling and messages
       DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE
	   POD
	   README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs
	       perl Makefile.PL, make, make test, make install, perl Build.PL,
	       perl Build, perl Build test, perl Build install

       RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS
	   Version numbering
	   Pre-requisites
	   Testing
	   Packaging
	   Licensing
       COMMON PITFALLS
	   Reinventing the wheel
	   Trying to do too much
	   Inappropriate documentation
       SEE ALSO
	   perlstyle, perlnewmod, perlpod, podchecker, Packaging Tools, Test‐
	   ing tools, http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software engi‐
	   neering

       AUTHOR

       perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules

       DESCRIPTION
	   PREAMBLE
	       DECOMPRESS the file, UNPACK the file into a directory, BUILD
	       the module (sometimes unnecessary), INSTALL the module

       PORTABILITY
       HEY
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution

       DESCRIPTION
	   Warning
	   What should I make into a module?
	   Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
	       Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name,
	       Check again

	   Step-by-step: Making the module
	       Start with module-starter or h2xs, Use strict and warnings, Use
	       Carp, Use Exporter - wisely!, Use plain old documentation,
	       Write tests, Write the README

	   Step-by-step: Distributing your module
	       Get a CPAN user ID, "perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist",
	       Upload the tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to
	       clpa, Fix bugs!

       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution

       DESCRIPTION
	   DOCUMENTATION
	       perldoc, pod2man and pod2text, pod2html and pod2latex,
	       pod2usage, podselect, podchecker, splain, roffitall

	   CONVERTORS
	       a2p, s2p, find2perl

	   Administration
	       libnetcfg

	   Development
	       perlbug, h2ph, c2ph and pstruct, h2xs, dprofpp, perlcc

	   SEE ALSO

       perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator

       DESCRIPTION
	   Layout
	       B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref

       Using The Back Ends
	   The Cross Referencing Back End
	       i, &, s, r

	   The Decompiling Back End
	   The Lint Back End
	   The Simple C Back End
	   The Bytecode Back End
	   The Optimized C Back End
       Module List for the Compiler Suite
	   B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C,
	   B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint,
	   B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref

       KNOWN PROBLEMS
       AUTHOR

       perlfilter - Source Filters

       DESCRIPTION
       CONCEPTS
       USING FILTERS
       WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
       WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
	   Decryption Filters

       CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
       WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
       USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
       CONCLUSION
       THINGS TO LOOK OUT FOR
	   Some Filters Clobber the "DATA" Handle

       REQUIREMENTS
       AUTHOR
       Copyrights

       perlglossary - Perl Glossary

       DESCRIPTION
	   A   accessor methods, actual arguments, address operator, algo‐
	       rithm, alias, alternatives, anonymous, architecture, argument,
	       ARGV, arithmetical operator, array, array context, ASCII,
	       assertion, assignment, assignment operator, associative array,
	       associativity, asynchronous, atom, atomic operation, attribute,
	       autogeneration, autoincrement, autoload, autosplit, autovivifi‐
	       cation, AV, awk

	   B   backreference, backtracking, backward compatibility, bareword,
	       base class, big-endian, binary, binary operator, bind, bit, bit
	       shift, bit string, bless, block, BLOCK, block buffering, Bool‐
	       ean, Boolean context, breakpoint, broadcast, BSD, bucket, buf‐
	       fer, built-in, bundle, byte, bytecode

	   C   C, C preprocessor, call by reference, call by value, callback,
	       canonical, capturing, character, character class, character
	       property, circumfix operator, class, class method, client,
	       cloister, closure, cluster, CODE, code generator, code subpat‐
	       tern, collating sequence, command, command buffering, command
	       name, command-line arguments, comment, compilation unit, com‐
	       pile phase, compile time, compiler, composer, concatenation,
	       conditional, connection, construct, constructor, context, con‐
	       tinuation, core dump, CPAN, cracker, current package, current
	       working directory, currently selected output channel, CV

	   D   dangling statement, data structure, data type, datagram, DBM,
	       declaration, decrement, default, defined, delimiter, derefer‐
	       ence, derived class, descriptor, destroy, destructor, device,
	       directive, directory, directory handle, dispatch, distribution,
	       dweomer, dwimmer, dynamic scoping

	   E   eclectic, element, embedding, empty subclass test, en passant,
	       encapsulation, endian, environment, environment variable, EOF,
	       errno, error, escape sequence, exception, exception handling,
	       exec, executable file, execute, execute bit, exit status,
	       export, expression, extension

	   F   false, FAQ, fatal error, field, FIFO, file, file descriptor,
	       file test operator, fileglob, filehandle, filename, filesystem,
	       filter, flag, floating point, flush, FMTEYEWTK, fork, formal
	       arguments, format, freely available, freely redistributable,
	       freeware, function, funny character, garbage collection

	   G   GID, glob, global, global destruction, glue language, granular‐
	       ity, greedy, grep, group, GV

	   H   hacker, handler, hard reference, hash, hash table, header file,
	       here document, hexadecimal, home directory, host, hubris, HV

	   I   identifier, impatience, implementation, import, increment,
	       indexing, indirect filehandle, indirect object, indirect object
	       slot, indirection, infix, inheritance, instance, instance vari‐
	       able, integer, interface, interpolation, interpreter, invocant,
	       invocation, I/O, IO, IP, IPC, is-a, iteration, iterator, IV

	   J   JAPH

	   K   key, keyword

	   L   label, laziness, left shift, leftmost longest, lexeme, lexer,
	       lexical analysis, lexical scoping, lexical variable, library,
	       LIFO, line, line buffering, line number, link, LIST, list, list
	       context, list operator, list value, literal, little-endian,
	       local, logical operator, lookahead, lookbehind, loop, loop con‐
	       trol statement, loop label, lvaluable, lvalue, lvalue modifier

	   M   magic, magical increment, magical variables, Makefile, man,
	       manpage, matching, member data, memory, metacharacter, metasym‐
	       bol, method, minimalism, mode, modifier, module, modulus, mon‐
	       ger, mortal, multidimensional array, multiple inheritance

	   N   named pipe, namespace, network address, newline, NFS, null
	       character, null list, null string, numeric context, NV, nybble

	   O   object, octal, offset, one-liner, open source software, oper‐
	       and, operating system, operator, operator overloading, options,
	       overloading, overriding, owner

	   P   package, pad, parameter, parent class, parse tree, parsing,
	       patch, PATH, pathname, pattern, pattern matching, permission
	       bits, Pern, pipe, pipeline, platform, pod, pointer, polymor‐
	       phism, port, portable, porter, POSIX, postfix, pp, pragma,
	       precedence, prefix, preprocessing, procedure, process, program
	       generator, progressive matching, property, protocol, prototype,
	       pseudofunction, pseudohash, pseudoliteral, public domain, pump‐
	       kin, pumpking, PV

	   Q   qualified, quantifier

	   R   readable, reaping, record, recursion, reference, referent,
	       regex, regular expression, regular expression modifier, regular
	       file, relational operator, reserved words, return value, RFC,
	       right shift, root, RTFM, run phase, run time, run-time pattern,
	       RV, rvalue

	   S   scalar, scalar context, scalar literal, scalar value, scalar
	       variable, scope, scratchpad, script, script kiddie, sed, sema‐
	       phore, separator, serialization, server, service, setgid,
	       setuid, shared memory, shebang, shell, side effects, signal,
	       signal handler, single inheritance, slice, slurp, socket, soft
	       reference, source filter, stack, standard, standard error,
	       standard I/O, standard input, standard output, stat structure,
	       statement, statement modifier, static, static method, static
	       scoping, static variable, status, STDERR, STDIN, STDIO, STDOUT,
	       stream, string, string context, stringification, struct, struc‐
	       ture, subclass, subpattern, subroutine, subscript, substitu‐
	       tion, substring, superclass, superuser, SV, switch, switch
	       cluster, switch statement, symbol, symbol table, symbolic
	       debugger, symbolic link, symbolic reference, synchronous, syn‐
	       tactic sugar, syntax, syntax tree, syscall

	   T   tainted, TCP, term, terminator, ternary, text, thread, tie,
	       TMTOWTDI, token, tokener, tokenizing, toolbox approach,
	       transliterate, trigger, trinary, troff, true, truncating, type,
	       type casting, typed lexical, typedef, typeglob, typemap

	   U   UDP, UID, umask, unary operator, Unicode, Unix

	   V   value, variable, variable interpolation, variadic, vector, vir‐
	       tual, void context, v-string

	   W   warning, watch expression, whitespace, word, working directory,
	       wrapper, WYSIWYG

	   X   XS, XSUB

	   Y   yacc

	   Z   zero width, zombie

       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program

       DESCRIPTION
	   PREAMBLE
	       Use C from Perl?, Use a Unix program from Perl?, Use Perl from
	       Perl?, Use C from C?, Use Perl from C?

	   ROADMAP
	   Compiling your C program
	   Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
	   Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
	   Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
	   Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C pro‐
	   gram
	   Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
	   Maintaining a persistent interpreter
	   Execution of END blocks
	   Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
	   Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
	   program
       Embedding Perl under Win32
       Hiding Perl_
       MORAL
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging

       DESCRIPTION
       Debugger Internals
	   Writing Your Own Debugger
       Frame Listing Output Examples
       Debugging regular expressions
	   Compile-time output
	       "anchored" STRING "at" POS, "floating" STRING "at" POS1..POS2,
	       "matching floating/anchored", "minlen", "stclass" TYPE,
	       "noscan", "isall", "GPOS", "plus", "implicit", "with eval",
	       "anchored(TYPE)"

	   Types of nodes
	   Run-time output
       Debugging Perl memory usage
	   Using $ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}
	       "buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)", Free/Used, "Total
	       sbrk(): SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS", "pad: 0", "heads: 2192",
	       "chain: 0", "tail: 6144"

       SEE ALSO

       perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs

       DESCRIPTION
       SPECIAL NOTES
	   make
	   Version caveat
	   Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
       TUTORIAL
	   EXAMPLE 1
	   EXAMPLE 2
	   What has gone on?
	   Writing good test scripts
	   EXAMPLE 3
	   What's new here?
	   Input and Output Parameters
	   The XSUBPP Program
	   The TYPEMAP file
	   Warning about Output Arguments
	   EXAMPLE 4
	   What has happened here?
	   Anatomy of .xs file
	   Getting the fat out of XSUBs
	   More about XSUB arguments
	   The Argument Stack
	   Extending your Extension
	   Documenting your Extension
	   Installing your Extension
	   EXAMPLE 5
	   New Things in this Example
	   EXAMPLE 6
	   New Things in this Example
	   EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
	   EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
	   EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes
	   Troubleshooting these Examples
       See also
       Author
	   Last Changed

       perlxs - XS language reference manual

       DESCRIPTION
	   Introduction
	   On The Road
	   The Anatomy of an XSUB
	   The Argument Stack
	   The RETVAL Variable
	   Returning SVs, AVs and HVs through RETVAL
	   The MODULE Keyword
	   The PACKAGE Keyword
	   The PREFIX Keyword
	   The OUTPUT: Keyword
	   The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
	   The CODE: Keyword
	   The INIT: Keyword
	   The NO_INIT Keyword
	   Initializing Function Parameters
	   Default Parameter Values
	   The PREINIT: Keyword
	   The SCOPE: Keyword
	   The INPUT: Keyword
	   The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
	   The "length(NAME)" Keyword
	   Variable-length Parameter Lists
	   The C_ARGS: Keyword
	   The PPCODE: Keyword
	   Returning Undef And Empty Lists
	   The REQUIRE: Keyword
	   The CLEANUP: Keyword
	   The POSTCALL: Keyword
	   The BOOT: Keyword
	   The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
	   The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
	   The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
	   The ALIAS: Keyword
	   The OVERLOAD: Keyword
	   The FALLBACK: Keyword
	   The INTERFACE: Keyword
	   The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
	   The INCLUDE: Keyword
	   The CASE: Keyword
	   The & Unary Operator
	   Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
	   Using XS With C++
	   Interface Strategy
	   Perl Objects And C Structures
	   The Typemap
	   Safely Storing Static Data in XS
	       MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT,
	       dMY_CXT, MY_CXT

       EXAMPLES
       XS VERSION
       AUTHOR

       perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions

       DESCRIPTION
	   Conventions
	       "t", "p", "n", "s"

	   File Operations
	   File Input and Output
	   File Positioning
	   Memory Management and String Handling
	   Character Class Tests
	   stdlib.h functions
	   Miscellaneous functions
       SEE ALSO

       perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API

       DESCRIPTION
       Variables
	   Datatypes
	   What is an "IV"?
	   Working with SVs
	   Offsets
	   What's Really Stored in an SV?
	   Working with AVs
	   Working with HVs
	   Hash API Extensions
	   AVs, HVs and undefined values
	   References
	   Blessed References and Class Objects
	   Creating New Variables
	       GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN

	   Reference Counts and Mortality
	   Stashes and Globs
	   Double-Typed SVs
	   Magic Variables
	   Assigning Magic
	   Magic Virtual Tables
	   Finding Magic
	   Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
	   Localizing changes
	       "SAVEINT(int i)", "SAVEIV(IV i)", "SAVEI32(I32 i)", "SAVE‐
	       LONG(long i)", SAVESPTR(s), SAVEPPTR(p), "SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)",
	       "SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV *sv)", "SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)", SAVEFREEPV(p),
	       "SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)", "SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32
	       length)", "SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void
	       *p)", "SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)", "SAVES‐
	       TACK_POS()", "SV* save_scalar(GV *gv)", "AV* save_ary(GV *gv)",
	       "HV* save_hash(GV *gv)", "void save_item(SV *item)", "void
	       save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)", "SV* save_svref(SV
	       **sptr)", "void save_aptr(AV **aptr)", "void save_hptr(HV
	       **hptr)"

       Subroutines
	   XSUBs and the Argument Stack
	   Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
	   Memory Allocation
	   PerlIO
	   Putting a C value on Perl stack
	   Scratchpads
	   Scratchpads and recursion
       Compiled code
	   Code tree
	   Examining the tree
	   Compile pass 1: check routines
	   Compile pass 1a: constant folding
	   Compile pass 2: context propagation
	   Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
	   Pluggable runops
       Examining internal data structures with the "dump" functions
       How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
	   Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
	   So what happened to dTHR?
	   How do I use all this in extensions?
	   Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
	   Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
       Internal Functions
	   A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, x, m, X, E, b

	   Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
	   Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
	   Source Documentation
	   Backwards compatibility
       Unicode Support
	   What is Unicode, anyway?
	   How can I recognise a UTF-8 string?
	   How does UTF-8 represent Unicode characters?
	   How does Perl store UTF-8 strings?
	   How do I convert a string to UTF-8?
	   Is there anything else I need to know?
       Custom Operators
       AUTHORS
       SEE ALSO

       perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C

       DESCRIPTION
	   An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program

       THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
	   call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv

       FLAG VALUES
	   G_VOID
	   G_SCALAR
	   G_ARRAY
	   G_DISCARD
	   G_NOARGS
	   G_EVAL
	   G_KEEPERR
	   Determining the Context
       EXAMPLES
	   No Parameters, Nothing returned
	   Passing Parameters
	   Returning a Scalar
	   Returning a list of values
	   Returning a list in a scalar context
	   Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
	   Using G_EVAL
	   Using G_KEEPERR
	   Using call_sv
	   Using call_argv
	   Using call_method
	   Using GIMME_V
	   Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
	   Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
	       1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a
	       sequence of callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to
	       map to the Perl callback

	   Alternate Stack Manipulation
	   Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       DATE

       perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API

       DESCRIPTION
       "Gimme" Values
	   GIMME , GIMME_V , G_ARRAY , G_DISCARD , G_EVAL , G_NOARGS ,
	   G_SCALAR , G_VOID

       Array Manipulation Functions
	   AvFILL , av_clear , av_delete , av_exists , av_extend , av_fetch ,
	   av_fill , av_len , av_make , av_pop , av_push , av_shift , av_store
	   , av_undef , av_unshift , get_av , newAV , sortsv

       Callback Functions
	   call_argv , call_method , call_pv , call_sv , ENTER , eval_pv ,
	   eval_sv , FREETMPS , LEAVE , SAVETMPS

       Character classes
	   isALNUM , isALPHA , isDIGIT , isLOWER , isSPACE , isUPPER , toLOWER
	   , toUPPER

       Cloning an interpreter
	   perl_clone

       CV Manipulation Functions
	   CvSTASH , get_cv

       Embedding Functions
	   cv_undef , load_module , nothreadhook , perl_alloc , perl_construct
	   , perl_destruct , perl_free , perl_parse , perl_run , require_pv

       Functions in file pp_pack.c
	   packlist , pack_cat , unpackstring , unpack_str

       Global Variables
	   PL_modglobal , PL_na , PL_sv_no , PL_sv_undef , PL_sv_yes

       GV Functions
	   GvSV , gv_fetchmeth , gv_fetchmethod , gv_fetchmethod_autoload ,
	   gv_fetchmeth_autoload , gv_stashpv , gv_stashpvn , gv_stashsv

       Handy Values
	   Nullav , Nullch , Nullcv , Nullhv , Nullsv

       Hash Manipulation Functions
	   get_hv , HEf_SVKEY , HeHASH , HeKEY , HeKLEN , HePV , HeSVKEY ,
	   HeSVKEY_force , HeSVKEY_set , HeVAL , HvNAME , hv_clear ,
	   hv_clear_placeholders , hv_delete , hv_delete_ent , hv_exists ,
	   hv_exists_ent , hv_fetch , hv_fetch_ent , hv_iterinit , hv_iterkey
	   , hv_iterkeysv , hv_iternext , hv_iternextsv , hv_iternext_flags ,
	   hv_iterval , hv_magic , hv_scalar , hv_store , hv_store_ent ,
	   hv_undef , newHV

       Magical Functions
	   mg_clear , mg_copy , mg_find , mg_free , mg_get , mg_length ,
	   mg_magical , mg_set , SvGETMAGIC , SvLOCK , SvSETMAGIC , SvSetMag‐
	   icSV , SvSetMagicSV_nosteal , SvSetSV , SvSetSV_nosteal , SvSHARE ,
	   SvUNLOCK

       Memory Management
	   Copy , CopyD , Move , MoveD , Newx , Newxc , Newxz , Poison , Renew
	   , Renewc , Safefree , savepv , savepvn , savesharedpv , savesvpv ,
	   StructCopy , Zero , ZeroD

       Miscellaneous Functions
	   fbm_compile , fbm_instr , form , getcwd_sv , strEQ , strGE , strGT
	   , strLE , strLT , strNE , strnEQ , strnNE , sv_nolocking ,
	   sv_nosharing , sv_nounlocking

       Numeric functions
	   grok_bin , grok_hex , grok_number , grok_numeric_radix , grok_oct ,
	   scan_bin , scan_hex , scan_oct

       Optree Manipulation Functions
	   cv_const_sv , newCONSTSUB , newXS

       Pad Data Structures
	   pad_sv

       Stack Manipulation Macros
	   dMARK , dORIGMARK , dSP , EXTEND , MARK , mPUSHi , mPUSHn , mPUSHp
	   , mPUSHu , mXPUSHi , mXPUSHn , mXPUSHp , mXPUSHu , ORIGMARK , POPi
	   , POPl , POPn , POPp , POPpbytex , POPpx , POPs , PUSHi , PUSHMARK
	   , PUSHmortal , PUSHn , PUSHp , PUSHs , PUSHu , PUTBACK , SP , SPA‐
	   GAIN , XPUSHi , XPUSHmortal , XPUSHn , XPUSHp , XPUSHs , XPUSHu ,
	   XSRETURN , XSRETURN_EMPTY , XSRETURN_IV , XSRETURN_NO , XSRETURN_NV
	   , XSRETURN_PV , XSRETURN_UNDEF , XSRETURN_UV , XSRETURN_YES ,
	   XST_mIV , XST_mNO , XST_mNV , XST_mPV , XST_mUNDEF , XST_mYES

       SV Flags
	   svtype , SVt_IV , SVt_NV , SVt_PV , SVt_PVAV , SVt_PVCV , SVt_PVHV
	   , SVt_PVMG

       SV Manipulation Functions
	   get_sv , looks_like_number , newRV_inc , newRV_noinc , NEWSV ,
	   newSV , newSVhek , newSViv , newSVnv , newSVpv , newSVpvf ,
	   newSVpvn , newSVpvn_share , newSVrv , newSVsv , newSVuv , SvCUR ,
	   SvCUR_set , SvEND , SvGROW , SvIOK , SvIOKp , SvIOK_notUV ,
	   SvIOK_off , SvIOK_on , SvIOK_only , SvIOK_only_UV , SvIOK_UV ,
	   SvIsCOW , SvIsCOW_shared_hash , SvIV , SvIVX , SvIVx , SvIV_set ,
	   SvLEN , SvLEN_set , SvMAGIC_set , SvNIOK , SvNIOKp , SvNIOK_off ,
	   SvNOK , SvNOKp , SvNOK_off , SvNOK_on , SvNOK_only , SvNV , SvNVX ,
	   SvNVx , SvNV_set , SvOK , SvOOK , SvPOK , SvPOKp , SvPOK_off ,
	   SvPOK_on , SvPOK_only , SvPOK_only_UTF8 , SvPV , SvPVbyte , SvPVby‐
	   tex , SvPVbytex_force , SvPVbyte_force , SvPVbyte_nolen , SvPVutf8
	   , SvPVutf8x , SvPVutf8x_force , SvPVutf8_force , SvPVutf8_nolen ,
	   SvPVX , SvPVx , SvPV_force , SvPV_force_nomg , SvPV_nolen ,
	   SvPV_set , SvREFCNT , SvREFCNT_dec , SvREFCNT_inc , SvROK ,
	   SvROK_off , SvROK_on , SvRV , SvRV_set , SvSTASH , SvSTASH_set ,
	   SvTAINT , SvTAINTED , SvTAINTED_off , SvTAINTED_on , SvTRUE ,
	   SvTYPE , SvUOK , SvUPGRADE , SvUTF8 , SvUTF8_off , SvUTF8_on , SvUV
	   , SvUVX , SvUVx , SvUV_set , sv_2bool , sv_2cv , sv_2io , sv_2iv ,
	   sv_2mortal , sv_2nv , sv_2pvbyte , sv_2pvbyte_nolen , sv_2pvutf8 ,
	   sv_2pvutf8_nolen , sv_2pv_flags , sv_2pv_nolen , sv_2uv , sv_back‐
	   off , sv_bless , sv_catpv , sv_catpvf , sv_catpvf_mg , sv_catpvn ,
	   sv_catpvn_flags , sv_catpvn_mg , sv_catpvn_nomg , sv_catpv_mg ,
	   sv_catsv , sv_catsv_flags , sv_catsv_mg , sv_catsv_nomg , sv_chop ,
	   sv_clear , sv_cmp , sv_cmp_locale , sv_collxfrm , sv_copypv ,
	   sv_dec , sv_derived_from , sv_eq , sv_force_normal , sv_force_nor‐
	   mal_flags , sv_free , sv_gets , sv_grow , sv_inc , sv_insert ,
	   sv_isa , sv_isobject , sv_iv , sv_len , sv_len_utf8 , sv_magic ,
	   sv_magicext , sv_mortalcopy , sv_newmortal , sv_newref , sv_nv ,
	   sv_pos_b2u , sv_pos_u2b , sv_pv , sv_pvbyte , sv_pvbyten ,
	   sv_pvbyten_force , sv_pvn , sv_pvn_force , sv_pvn_force_flags ,
	   sv_pvutf8 , sv_pvutf8n , sv_pvutf8n_force , sv_reftype , sv_replace
	   , sv_report_used , sv_reset , sv_rvweaken , sv_setiv , sv_setiv_mg
	   , sv_setnv , sv_setnv_mg , sv_setpv , sv_setpvf , sv_setpvf_mg ,
	   sv_setpviv , sv_setpviv_mg , sv_setpvn , sv_setpvn_mg , sv_setpv_mg
	   , sv_setref_iv , sv_setref_nv , sv_setref_pv , sv_setref_pvn ,
	   sv_setref_uv , sv_setsv , sv_setsv_flags , sv_setsv_mg ,
	   sv_setsv_nomg , sv_setuv , sv_setuv_mg , sv_taint , sv_tainted ,
	   sv_true , sv_unmagic , sv_unref , sv_unref_flags , sv_untaint ,
	   sv_upgrade , sv_usepvn , sv_usepvn_mg , sv_utf8_decode ,
	   sv_utf8_downgrade , sv_utf8_encode , sv_utf8_upgrade ,
	   sv_utf8_upgrade_flags , sv_uv , sv_vcatpvf , sv_vcatpvfn , sv_vcat‐
	   pvf_mg , sv_vsetpvf , sv_vsetpvfn , sv_vsetpvf_mg

       Unicode Support
	   bytes_from_utf8 , bytes_to_utf8 , ibcmp_utf8 , is_utf8_char ,
	   is_utf8_string , is_utf8_string_loc , is_utf8_string_loclen ,
	   pv_uni_display , sv_cat_decode , sv_recode_to_utf8 , sv_uni_display
	   , to_utf8_case , to_utf8_fold , to_utf8_lower , to_utf8_title ,
	   to_utf8_upper , utf8n_to_uvchr , utf8n_to_uvuni , utf8_distance ,
	   utf8_hop , utf8_length , utf8_to_bytes , utf8_to_uvchr ,
	   utf8_to_uvuni , uvchr_to_utf8 , uvuni_to_utf8_flags

       Variables created by "xsubpp" and "xsubpp" internal functions
	   ax , CLASS , dAX , dAXMARK , dITEMS , dXSARGS , dXSI32 , items , ix
	   , newXSproto , RETVAL , ST , THIS , XS , XS_VERSION , XS_VER‐
	   SION_BOOTCHECK

       Warning and Dieing
	   croak , warn

       AUTHORS
       SEE ALSO

       perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely internal Perl func‐
       tions

       DESCRIPTION
       CV reference counts and CvOUTSIDE
	   CvWEAKOUTSIDE

       Functions in file pad.h
	   CX_CURPAD_SAVE , CX_CURPAD_SV , PAD_BASE_SV , PAD_CLONE_VARS ,
	   PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS , PAD_COMPNAME_GEN , PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set ,
	   PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH , PAD_COMPNAME_PV , PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE ,
	   PAD_DUP , PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL , PAD_SAVE_LOCAL , PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD
	   , PAD_SETSV , PAD_SET_CUR , PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE , PAD_SV , PAD_SVl ,
	   SAVECLEARSV , SAVECOMPPAD , SAVEPADSV

       Functions in file pp_ctl.c
	   find_runcv

       Global Variables
	   PL_DBsingle , PL_DBsub , PL_DBtrace , PL_dowarn , PL_last_in_gv ,
	   PL_ofs_sv , PL_rs

       GV Functions
	   is_gv_magical

       IO Functions
	   start_glob

       Pad Data Structures
	   CvPADLIST , cv_clone , cv_dump , do_dump_pad , intro_my ,
	   pad_add_anon , pad_add_name , pad_alloc , pad_block_start ,
	   pad_check_dup , pad_findlex , pad_findmy , pad_fixup_inner_anons ,
	   pad_free , pad_leavemy , pad_new , pad_push , pad_reset , pad_setsv
	   , pad_swipe , pad_tidy , pad_undef

       Stack Manipulation Macros
	   djSP , LVRET

       SV Manipulation Functions
	   report_uninit , sv_add_arena , sv_clean_all , sv_clean_objs ,
	   sv_free_arenas

       AUTHORS
       SEE ALSO

       perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   History and Background
	   Basic Structure
	   Layers vs Disciplines
	   Data Structures
	   Functions and Attributes
	   Per-instance Data
	   Layers in action.
	   Per-instance flag bits
	       PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE,	 PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PER‐
	       LIO_F_ERROR, PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF,
	       PERLIO_F_UTF8, PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF,
	       PERLIO_F_LINEBUF, PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FAST‐
	       GETS

	   Methods in Detail
	       fsize, name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_RAW, PER‐
	       LIO_K_CANCRLF, PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, Pushed,
	       Popped, Open, Binmode, Getarg, Fileno, Dup, Read, Write, Seek,
	       Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof, Error,	Clearerr, Setlinebuf,
	       Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt, Set_ptrcnt

	   Utilities
	   Implementing PerlIO Layers
	       C implementations, Perl implementations

	   Core Layers
	       "unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw",
	       "utf8"

	   Extension Layers
	       ":encoding", ":scalar", ":via"

       TODO

       perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, PerlIO_stdin(), Per‐
	   lIO_stdout(), PerlIO_stderr(), PerlIO_open(path, mode), Per‐
	   lIO_fdopen(fd,mode), PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f), Per‐
	   lIO_printf(f,fmt,...), PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a), PerlIO_std‐
	   outf(fmt,...), PerlIO_read(f,buf,count), PerlIO_write(f,buf,count),
	   PerlIO_close(f), PerlIO_puts(f,s), PerlIO_putc(f,c), Per‐
	   lIO_ungetc(f,c), PerlIO_getc(f), PerlIO_eof(f), PerlIO_error(f),
	   PerlIO_fileno(f), PerlIO_clearerr(f), PerlIO_flush(f), Per‐
	   lIO_seek(f,offset,whence), PerlIO_tell(f), PerlIO_getpos(f,p), Per‐
	   lIO_setpos(f,p), PerlIO_rewind(f), PerlIO_tmpfile(), PerlIO_set‐
	   linebuf(f)

	   Co-existence with stdio
	       PerlIO_importFILE(f,mode), PerlIO_exportFILE(f,mode), Per‐
	       lIO_releaseFILE(p,f), PerlIO_findFILE(f)

	   "Fast gets" Functions
	       PerlIO_fast_gets(f), PerlIO_has_cntptr(f), PerlIO_get_cnt(f),
	       PerlIO_get_ptr(f), PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c), Per‐
	       lIO_canset_cnt(f), PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c), PerlIO_has_base(f),
	       PerlIO_get_base(f), PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)

	   Other Functions
	       PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_bin‐
	       mode(f,ptype,imode,layers), '<' read, '>' write, '+'
	       read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)

       perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals

       DESCRIPTION
	   Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the imple‐
	   mentation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?,
	   Is the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new
	   bugs?, Does it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implemen‐
	   tation robust?, Is the implementation generic enough to be porta‐
	   ble?, Is the implementation tested?, Is there enough documenta‐
	   tion?, Is there another way to do it?, Does it create too much
	   work?, Patches speak louder than words

	   Keeping in sync
	       rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using
	       pushing over the NFS, rsync'ing the patches

	   Why rsync the source tree
	       It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more reliable

	   Why rsync the patches
	       It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Find‐
	       ing a start point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source
	       of misbehaviour

	   Working with the source
	   Perlbug administration
	   Submitting patches
	       perlguts, perlxstut and perlxs, perlapi, Porting/pumpkin.pod,
	       The perl5-porters FAQ

	   Finding Your Way Around
	       Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter

	   Elements of the interpreter
	       Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running, Exception handing

	   Internal Variable Types
	   Op Trees
	   Stacks
	       Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack

	   Millions of Macros
	   The .i Targets
	   Poking at Perl
	   Using a source-level debugger
	       run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step,
	       next, continue, finish, 'enter', print

	   gdb macro support
	   Dumping Perl Data Structures
	   Patching
	   Patching a core module
	   Adding a new function to the core
	   Writing a test
	       t/base/, t/cmd/, t/comp/, t/io/, t/lib/, t/op/, t/pod/, t/run/,
	       t/uni/, t/win32/, t/x2p, t/base t/comp, t/cmd t/run t/io t/op,
	       t/lib ext lib

	   Special Make Test Targets
	       coretest, test.deparse, test.taintwarn, minitest, test.valgrind
	       check.valgrind utest.valgrind ucheck.valgrind, test.third
	       check.third utest.third ucheck.third, test.torture torturetest,
	       utest ucheck test.utf8 check.utf8, minitest.utf16 test.utf16,
	       test_harness, test-notty test_notty

	   Running tests by hand
	       -v, -torture, -re=PATTERN, -re LIST OF PATTERNS, PERL_CORE=1,
	       PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL=2, PERL, PERL_SKIP_TTY_TEST

       EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL
	   Rational Software's Purify
	   Purify on Unix
	       -Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemulti‐
	       plicity

	   Purify on NT
	       DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug

	   valgrind
	   Compaq's/Digital's/HP's Third Degree
	   PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
	   Profiling
	   Gprof Profiling
	       -a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z

	   GCC gcov Profiling
	   Pixie Profiling
	       -h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines],
	       -testcoverage, -z[ero]

	   Miscellaneous tricks
	   CONCLUSION
	       The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it
	       began.

       AUTHOR

       perlbook - Perl book information

       DESCRIPTION

       perltodo - Perl TO-DO List

       DESCRIPTION
       The roadmap to 5.10
	   Needed for a 5.9.4 release
	   Needed for a 5.9.5 release
	       Implement "_ prototype character", Implement "state variables"

	   Needed for a 5.9.6 release
       Tasks that only need Perl knowledge
	   common test code for timed bail out
	   POD -> HTML conversion in the core still sucks
	   Parallel testing
	   Make Schwern poorer
	   Improve the coverage of the core tests
	   test B
	   A decent benchmark
	   fix tainting bugs
	   Dual life everything
	   Improving "threads::shared"
	   POSIX memory footprint
       Tasks that need a little sysadmin-type knowledge
	   Relocatable perl
	   make HTML install work
	   compressed man pages
	   Add a code coverage target to the Makefile
	   Make Config.pm cope with differences between build and installed
	   perl
	   make parallel builds work
	   linker specification files
       Tasks that need a little C knowledge
	   Make it clear from -v if this is the exact official release
	   Tidy up global variables
	   Ordering of "global" variables.
	   bincompat functions
	   am I hot or not?
	   emulate the per-thread memory pool on Unix
	   reduce duplication in sv_setsv_flags
       Tasks that need a knowledge of XS
	   IPv6
	   shrink "GV"s, "CV"s
	   merge Perl_sv_2[inpu]v
	   UTF8 caching code
	   Implicit Latin 1 => Unicode translation
	   autovivification
	   Unicode in Filenames
	   Unicode in %ENV
	   use less 'memory'
	   Re-implement ":unique" in a way that is actually thread-safe
	   Make tainting consistent
	   readpipe(LIST)
       Tasks that need a knowledge of the interpreter
	   lexical pragmas
	   Attach/detach debugger from running program
	   Constant folding
	   LVALUE functions for lists
	   LVALUE functions in the debugger
	   _ prototype character
	   state variables
	   @INC source filter to Filter::Simple
	   regexp optimiser optional
	   UNITCHECK
	   optional optimizer
	   You WANT *how* many
	   lexical aliases
	   entersub XS vs Perl
	   Self ties
	   Optimize away @_
	   What hooks would assertions need?
       Big projects
	   make ithreads more robust
	   iCOW
	   (?{...}) closures in regexps
	   A re-entrant regexp engine

       perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format.

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OPTIONS
	   -h, -v, -t, -u, -m module, -l, -F, -f perlfunc, -q perlfaq-search-
	   regexp, -T, -d destination-filename, -o output-formatname, -M mod‐
	   ule-name, -w option:value or -w option, -X, PageName⎪Module‐
	   Name⎪ProgramName, -n some-formatter, -r, -i, -V

       SECURITY
       ENVIRONMENT
       AUTHOR

       perlhist - the Perl history records

       DESCRIPTION
       INTRODUCTION
       THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
	   PUMPKIN?
       THE RECORDS
	   SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
	   SELECTED PATCH SIZES
       THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS

       perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.8

       DESCRIPTION
       Incompatible Changes
       Core Enhancements
       Modules and Pragmata
       Utility Changes
       New Documentation
       Performance Enhancements
       Installation and Configuration Improvements
       Selected Bug Fixes
       New or Changed Diagnostics
       Changed Internals
       New Tests
       Known Problems
       Platform Specific Problems
       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO

       perl588delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.8

       DESCRIPTION
       Incompatible Changes
       Core Enhancements
       Modules and Pragmata
       Utility Changes
       New Documentation
       Performance Enhancements
       Installation and Configuration Improvements
       Selected Bug Fixes
       New or Changed Diagnostics
       Changed Internals
       New Tests
       Known Problems
       Platform Specific Problems
       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO

       perl587delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.7

       DESCRIPTION
       Incompatible Changes
       Core Enhancements
	   Unicode Character Database 4.1.0
	   suidperl less insecure
	   Optional site customization script
	   "Config.pm" is now much smaller.
       Modules and Pragmata
       Utility Changes
	   find2perl enhancements
       Performance Enhancements
       Installation and Configuration Improvements
       Selected Bug Fixes
       New or Changed Diagnostics
       Changed Internals
       Known Problems
       Platform Specific Problems
       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO

       perl586delta - what is new for perl v5.8.6

       DESCRIPTION
       Incompatible Changes
       Core Enhancements
       Modules and Pragmata
       Utility Changes
       Performance Enhancements
       Selected Bug Fixes
       New or Changed Diagnostics
       Changed Internals
       New Tests
       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO

       perl585delta - what is new for perl v5.8.5

       DESCRIPTION
       Incompatible Changes
       Core Enhancements
       Modules and Pragmata
       Utility Changes
	   Perl's debugger
	   h2ph
       Installation and Configuration Improvements
       Selected Bug Fixes
       New or Changed Diagnostics
       Changed Internals
       Known Problems
       Platform Specific Problems
       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO

       perl584delta - what is new for perl v5.8.4

       DESCRIPTION
       Incompatible Changes
       Core Enhancements
	   Malloc wrapping
	   Unicode Character Database 4.0.1
	   suidperl less insecure
	   format
       Modules and Pragmata
	   Updated modules
	       Attribute::Handlers, B, Benchmark, CGI, Carp, Cwd, Exporter,
	       File::Find, IO, IPC::Open3, Local::Maketext, Math::BigFloat,
	       Math::BigInt, Math::BigRat, MIME::Base64, ODBM_File, POSIX,
	       Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor,
	       Time::HiRes, Unicode::UCD, Win32, base, open, threads, utf8

       Performance Enhancements
       Utility Changes
       Installation and Configuration Improvements
       Selected Bug Fixes
       New or Changed Diagnostics
       Changed Internals
       Future Directions
       Platform Specific Problems
       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO

       perl583delta - what is new for perl v5.8.3

       DESCRIPTION
       Incompatible Changes
       Core Enhancements
       Modules and Pragmata
	   CGI, Cwd, Digest, Digest::MD5, Encode, File::Spec, FindBin,
	   List::Util, Math::BigInt, PodParser, Pod::Perldoc, POSIX, Uni‐
	   code::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Test::Harness, threads::shared

       Utility Changes
       New Documentation
       Installation and Configuration Improvements
       Selected Bug Fixes
       New or Changed Diagnostics
       Changed Internals
       Configuration and Building
       Platform Specific Problems
       Known Problems
       Future Directions
       Obituary
       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO

       perl582delta - what is new for perl v5.8.2

       DESCRIPTION
       Incompatible Changes
       Core Enhancements
	   Hash Randomisation
	   Threading
       Modules and Pragmata
	   Updated Modules And Pragmata
	       Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5, I18N::LangTags, libnet,
	       MIME::Base64, Pod::Perldoc, strict, Tie::Hash, Time::HiRes,
	       Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, UNIVERSAL

       Selected Bug Fixes
       Changed Internals
       Platform Specific Problems
       Future Directions
       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO

       perl581delta - what is new for perl v5.8.1

       DESCRIPTION
       Incompatible Changes
	   Hash Randomisation
	   UTF-8 On Filehandles No Longer Activated By Locale
	   Single-number v-strings are no longer v-strings before "=>"
	   (Win32) The -C Switch Has Been Repurposed
	   (Win32) The /d Switch Of cmd.exe
       Core Enhancements
	   UTF-8 no longer default under UTF-8 locales
	   Unsafe signals again available
	   Tied Arrays with Negative Array Indices
	   local ${$x}
	   Unicode Character Database 4.0.0
	   Deprecation Warnings
	   Miscellaneous Enhancements
       Modules and Pragmata
	   Updated Modules And Pragmata
	       base, B::Bytecode, B::Concise, B::Deparse, Benchmark,
	       ByteLoader, bytes, CGI, charnames, CPAN, Data::Dumper, DB_File,
	       Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5, Encode, fields, libnet, Math::Big‐
	       Int, MIME::Base64, NEXT, Net::Ping, PerlIO::scalar, podlators,
	       Pod::LaTeX, PodParsers, Pod::Perldoc, Scalar::Util, Storable,
	       strict, Term::ANSIcolor, Test::Harness, Test::More, Test::Sim‐
	       ple, Text::Balanced, Time::HiRes, threads, threads::shared,
	       Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Win32::GetFolderPath,
	       Win32::GetOSVersion

       Utility Changes
       New Documentation
       Installation and Configuration Improvements
	   Platform-specific enhancements
       Selected Bug Fixes
	   Closures, eval and lexicals
	   Generic fixes
	   Platform-specific fixes
       New or Changed Diagnostics
	   Changed "A thread exited while %d threads were running"
	   Removed "Attempt to clear a restricted hash"
	   New "Illegal declaration of anonymous subroutine"
	   Changed "Invalid range "%s" in transliteration operator"
	   New "Missing control char name in \c"
	   New "Newline in left-justified string for %s"
	   New "Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator"
	   New "Pseudo-hashes are deprecated"
	   New "read() on %s filehandle %s"
	   New "5.005 threads are deprecated"
	   New "Tied variable freed while still in use"
	   New "To%s: illegal mapping '%s'"
	   New "Use of freed value in iteration"
       Changed Internals
       New Tests
       Known Problems
	   Tied hashes in scalar context
	   Net::Ping 450_service and 510_ping_udp failures
	   B::C
       Platform Specific Problems
	   EBCDIC Platforms
	   Cygwin 1.5 problems
	   HP-UX: HP cc warnings about sendfile and sendpath
	   IRIX: t/uni/tr_7jis.t falsely failing
	   Mac OS X: no usemymalloc
	   Tru64: No threaded builds with GNU cc (gcc)
	   Win32: sysopen, sysread, syswrite
       Future Directions
       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO

       perl58delta - what is new for perl v5.8.0

       DESCRIPTION
       Highlights In 5.8.0
       Incompatible Changes
	   Binary Incompatibility
	   64-bit platforms and malloc
	   AIX Dynaloading
	   Attributes for "my" variables now handled at run-time
	   Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
	   IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha
	   New Unicode Semantics (no more "use utf8", almost)
	   New Unicode Properties
	   REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...)
	   pack/unpack D/F recycled
	   glob() now returns filenames in alphabetical order
	   Deprecations
       Core Enhancements
	   Unicode Overhaul
	   PerlIO is Now The Default
	   ithreads
	   Restricted Hashes
	   Safe Signals
	   Understanding of Numbers
	   Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings [561]
	   Miscellaneous Changes
       Modules and Pragmata
	   New Modules and Pragmata
	   Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
       Utility Changes
       New Documentation
       Performance Enhancements
       Installation and Configuration Improvements
	   Generic Improvements
	   New Or Improved Platforms
       Selected Bug Fixes
	   Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
       New or Changed Diagnostics
       Changed Internals
       Security Vulnerability Closed [561]
       New Tests
       Known Problems
	   The Compiler Suite Is Still Very Experimental
	   Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken
	   Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
	   Modifying $_ Inside for(..)
	   mod_perl 1.26 Doesn't Build With Threaded Perl
	   lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
	   libwww-perl (LWP) fails base/date #51
	   PDL failing some tests
	   Perl_get_sv
	   Self-tying Problems
	   ext/threads/t/libc
	   Failure of Thread (5.005-style) tests
	   Timing problems
	   Tied/Magical Array/Hash Elements Do Not Autovivify
	   Unicode in package/class and subroutine names does not work
       Platform Specific Problems
	   AIX
	   Alpha systems with old gccs fail several tests
	   AmigaOS
	   BeOS
	   Cygwin "unable to remap"
	   Cygwin ndbm tests fail on FAT
	   DJGPP Failures
	   FreeBSD built with ithreads coredumps reading large directories
	   FreeBSD Failing locale Test 117 For ISO 8859-15 Locales
	   IRIX fails ext/List/Util/t/shuffle.t or Digest::MD5
	   HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
	   Linux with glibc 2.2.5 fails t/op/int subtest #6 with -Duse64bitint
	   Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
	   Mac OS X
	   Mac OS X dyld undefined symbols
	   OS/2 Test Failures
	   op/sprintf tests 91, 129, and 130
	   SCO
	   Solaris 2.5
	   Solaris x86 Fails Tests With -Duse64bitint
	   SUPER-UX (NEC SX)
	   Term::ReadKey not working on Win32
	   UNICOS/mk
	   UTS
	   VOS (Stratus)
	   VMS
	   Win32
	   XML::Parser not working
	   z/OS (OS/390)
	   Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty
	   Seen In Perl 5.7 But Gone Now
       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       perl573delta - what's new for perl v5.7.3

       DESCRIPTION
       Changes
       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       perl572delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2

       DESCRIPTION
       Security Vulnerability Closed
       Incompatible Changes
	   64-bit platforms and malloc
	   AIX Dynaloading
	   Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
	   Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...}
	   Deprecations
       Core Enhancements
       Modules and Pragmata
	   New Modules and Distributions
	   Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
       Utility Changes
       New Documentation
       Installation and Configuration Improvements
	   New Or Improved Platforms
	   Generic Improvements
       Selected Bug Fixes
	   Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
       New or Changed Diagnostics
       Source Code Enhancements
	   MAGIC constants
	   Better commented code
	   Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up
	   gcc -Wall
       New Tests
       Known Problems
	   AIX
	   Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery
	   lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
	   Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12
	   HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configured
	   HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
	   Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
	   OS/390
	   op/sprintf tests 129 and 130
	   Failure of Thread tests
	   UNICOS
	   UTS
	   VMS
	   Win32
	   Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
	   Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
	   Variable Attributes are not Currently Usable for Tieing
	   Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
	   The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
	   The Long Double Support is Still Experimental
       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1

       DESCRIPTION
       Security Vulnerability Closed
       Incompatible Changes
       Core Enhancements
	   AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable
	   PerlIO is Now The Default
	   Signals Are Now Safe
       Modules and Pragmata
	   New Modules
	   Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
       Performance Enhancements
       Utility Changes
       New Documentation
	   perlclib
	   perliol
	   README.aix
	   README.bs2000
	   README.macos
	   README.mpeix
	   README.solaris
	   README.vos
	   Porting/repository.pod
       Installation and Configuration Improvements
	   New Or Improved Platforms
	   Generic Improvements
	       d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz,
	       d_msghdr_s, need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg,
	       sig_size, d_sockatmark, d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm,
	       d_usleep

       Selected Bug Fixes
	   Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
       New or Changed Diagnostics
       Changed Internals
       New Tests
       Known Problems
	   AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl
	   lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
	   lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
	   Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
	   lib/b test 19
	   Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
	   sigaction test 13 in VMS
	   sprintf tests 129 and 130
	   Failure of Thread tests
	   Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
	   Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
	   Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
	   The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0

       DESCRIPTION
       Security Vulnerability Closed
       Incompatible Changes
       Core Enhancements
       Modules and Pragmata
	   New Modules
	   Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
       Utility Changes
       New Documentation
       Performance Enhancements
       Installation and Configuration Improvements
	   Generic Improvements
       Selected Bug Fixes
	   Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
       New or Changed Diagnostics
       Changed Internals
       Known Problems
	   Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect
	   EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform
	   Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
	   ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
	   Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
	   Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris
	   Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
	   Storable tests fail in some platforms
	   Threads Are Still Experimental
	   The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       perl561delta - what's new for perl v5.6.x

       DESCRIPTION
       Summary of changes between 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
	   Security Issues
	   Core bug fixes
	       "UNIVERSAL::isa()", Memory leaks, Numeric conversions,
	       qw(a\\b), caller(), Bugs in regular expressions, "slurp" mode,
	       Autovivification of symbolic references to special variables,
	       Lexical warnings, Spurious warnings and errors, glob(), Taint‐
	       ing, sort(), #line directives, Subroutine prototypes, map(),
	       Debugger, PERL5OPT, chop(), Unicode support, 64-bit support,
	       Compiler, Lvalue subroutines, IO::Socket, File::Find, xsubpp,
	       "no Module;", Tests

	   Core features
	   Configuration issues
	   Documentation
	   Bundled modules
	       B::Concise, File::Temp, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Text::Overstrike, CGI,
	       CPAN, Class::Struct, DB_File, Devel::Peek, File::Find,
	       Getopt::Long, IO::Poll, IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::Com‐
	       plex, Net::Ping, Opcode, Pod::Parser, Pod::Text, SDBM_File,
	       Sys::Syslog, Tie::RefHash, Tie::SubstrHash

	   Platform-specific improvements
	       NCR MP-RAS, NonStop-UX

       Core Enhancements
	   Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
	   Lexically scoped warning categories
	   Unicode and UTF-8 support
	   Support for interpolating named characters
	   "our" declarations
	   Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
	   Improved Perl version numbering system
	   New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
	   File and directory handles can be autovivified
	   open() with more than two arguments
	   64-bit support
	   Large file support
	   Long doubles
	   "more bits"
	   Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
	   "sort $coderef @foo" allowed
	   File globbing implemented internally
	   Support for CHECK blocks
	   POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
	   Better pseudo-random number generator
	   Improved "qw//" operator
	   Better worst-case behavior of hashes
	   pack() format 'Z' supported
	   pack() format modifier '!' supported
	   pack() and unpack() support counted strings
	   Comments in pack() templates
	   Weak references
	   Binary numbers supported
	   Lvalue subroutines
	   Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
	   Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
	   exists() is supported on subroutine names
	   exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
	   Pseudo-hashes work better
	   Automatic flushing of output buffers
	   Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
	   Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
	   eof() has the same old magic as <>
	   binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
	   "-T" filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
	   system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
	   Improved diagnostics
	   Diagnostics follow STDERR
	   More consistent close-on-exec behavior
	   syswrite() ease-of-use
	   Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
	   Bit operators support full native integer width
	   Improved security features
	   More functional bareword prototype (*)
	   "require" and "do" may be overridden
	   $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
	   New variable $^C reflects "-c" switch
	   New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
	   Optional Y2K warnings
	   Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
	   @- and @+ provide starting/ending offsets of regex submatches
       Modules and Pragmata
	   Modules
	       attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames,
	       Data::Dumper, DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dump‐
	       value, DynaLoader, English, Env, Fcntl, File::Compare,
	       File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions,
	       Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex,
	       Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, pod‐
	       checker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect,
	       Pod::Usage, pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File,
	       Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local,
	       Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters

	   Pragmata
       Utility Changes
	   dprofpp
	   find2perl
	   h2xs
	   perlcc
	   perldoc
	   The Perl Debugger
       Improved Documentation
	   perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
	   perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perl‐
	   hack.pod, perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, per‐
	   lopentut.pod, perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perluni‐
	   code.pod

       Performance enhancements
	   Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
	   Optimized assignments to lexical variables
	   Faster subroutine calls
	   delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
       Installation and Configuration Improvements
	   -Dusethreads means something different
	   New Configure flags
	   Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
	   Long Doubles
	   -Dusemorebits
	   -Duselargefiles
	   installusrbinperl
	   SOCKS support
	   "-A" flag
	   Enhanced Installation Directories
	   gcc automatically tried if 'cc' does not seem to be working
       Platform specific changes
	   Supported platforms
	   DOS
	   OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
	   VMS
	   Win32
       Significant bug fixes
	   <HANDLE> on empty files
	   "eval '...'" improvements
	   All compilation errors are true errors
	   Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
	   Behavior of list slices is more consistent
	   "(\$)" prototype and $foo{a}
	   "goto &sub" and AUTOLOAD
	   "-bareword" allowed under "use integer"
	   Failures in DESTROY()
	   Locale bugs fixed
	   Memory leaks
	   Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
	   Taint failures under "-U"
	   END blocks and the "-c" switch
	   Potential to leak DATA filehandles
       New or Changed Diagnostics
	   "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not
	   yet implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only
	   after types %s, / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A
	   or Z, / must be followed by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric
	   type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecog‐
	   nized escape \\%c in character class passed through, /%s/ should
	   probably be written as "%s", %s() called too early to check proto‐
	   type, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s argument is
	   not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a subrou‐
	   tine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved
	   word: %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join
	   self, Bad evalled substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored,
	   Bareword found in conditional, Binary number >
	   0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector size >
	   32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
	   filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in
	   "%s", Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing
	   to default, Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read
	   CRTL environ, Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s
	   from lvalue subroutine, Can't weaken a nonreference, Character
	   class [:%s:] unknown, Character class syntax [%s] belongs inside
	   character classes, Constant is not %s reference, constant(%s): %s,
	   CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
	   defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did
	   you mean "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data,
	   entering effective %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, File‐
	   handle %s opened only for output, flock() on closed filehandle %s,
	   Global symbol "%s" requires explicit package name, Hexadecimal num‐
	   ber > 0xffffffff non-portable, Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s",
	   Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: ⎪%s⎪, Illegal binary digit
	   %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal number of bits in vec,
	   Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute: %s, Invalid %s
	   attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid separator
	   character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
	   subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
	   returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
	   %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in
	   "my sub", No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for
	   variable %s in "our", No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset
	   information; assuming local time is UTC, Octal number >
	   037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref, panic: kid popen
	   errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing around
	   "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string, Pos‐
	   sible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME :
	   ATTRS" instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in
	   pack overflows, Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of
	   freed memory ignored, Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take
	   arguments, Strange *+?{} on zero-length expression, switching
	   effective %s is not implemented, This Perl can't reset CRTL environ
	   elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL environ elements (%s=%s),
	   Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode '%s', Unknown process
	   %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized escape \\%c
	   passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute list,
	   Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
	   subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list,
	   Value of CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a con‐
	   stant number

       New tests
       Incompatible Changes
	   Perl Source Incompatibilities
	       CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has
	       changed, Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Liter‐
	       als of the form 1.2.3 parse differently, Possibly changed
	       pseudo-random number generator, Hashing function for hash keys
	       has changed, "undef" fails on read only values, Close-on-exec
	       bit may be set on pipe and socket handles, Writing "$$1" to
	       mean "${$}1" is unsupported, delete(), each(), values() and
	       "\(%h)", vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
	       Text of some diagnostic output has changed, "%@" has been
	       removed, Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator,
	       Semantics of bareword prototype "(*)" have changed, Semantics
	       of bit operators may have changed on 64-bit platforms, More
	       builtins taint their results

	   C Source Incompatibilities
	       "PERL_POLLUTE", "PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT", "PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC"

	   Compatible C Source API Changes
	       "PATCHLEVEL" is now "PERL_VERSION"

	   Binary Incompatibilities
       Known Problems
	   Localizing a tied hash element may leak memory
	   Known test failures
	   EBCDIC platforms not fully supported
	   UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
	   Arrow operator and arrays
	   Experimental features
	       Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak ref‐
	       erences, The pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Inter‐
	       nal implementation of file globbing, The DB module, The regular
	       expression code constructs:

       Obsolete Diagnostics
	   Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions,
	   Ill-formed logical name ⎪%s⎪ in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now
	   must be written as \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp
	   too big, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated

       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       perl56delta - what's new for perl v5.6.0

       DESCRIPTION
       Core Enhancements
	   Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
	   Lexically scoped warning categories
	   Unicode and UTF-8 support
	   Support for interpolating named characters
	   "our" declarations
	   Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
	   Improved Perl version numbering system
	   New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
	   File and directory handles can be autovivified
	   open() with more than two arguments
	   64-bit support
	   Large file support
	   Long doubles
	   "more bits"
	   Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
	   "sort $coderef @foo" allowed
	   File globbing implemented internally
	   Support for CHECK blocks
	   POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
	   Better pseudo-random number generator
	   Improved "qw//" operator
	   Better worst-case behavior of hashes
	   pack() format 'Z' supported
	   pack() format modifier '!' supported
	   pack() and unpack() support counted strings
	   Comments in pack() templates
	   Weak references
	   Binary numbers supported
	   Lvalue subroutines
	   Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
	   Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
	   exists() is supported on subroutine names
	   exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
	   Pseudo-hashes work better
	   Automatic flushing of output buffers
	   Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
	   Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
	   eof() has the same old magic as <>
	   binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
	   "-T" filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
	   system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
	   Improved diagnostics
	   Diagnostics follow STDERR
	   More consistent close-on-exec behavior
	   syswrite() ease-of-use
	   Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
	   Bit operators support full native integer width
	   Improved security features
	   More functional bareword prototype (*)
	   "require" and "do" may be overridden
	   $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
	   New variable $^C reflects "-c" switch
	   New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
	   Optional Y2K warnings
	   Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
	   @- and @+ provide starting/ending offsets of regex matches
       Modules and Pragmata
	   Modules
	       attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames,
	       Data::Dumper, DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dump‐
	       value, DynaLoader, English, Env, Fcntl, File::Compare,
	       File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions,
	       Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex,
	       Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, pod‐
	       checker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect,
	       Pod::Usage, pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File,
	       Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local,
	       Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters

	   Pragmata
       Utility Changes
	   dprofpp
	   find2perl
	   h2xs
	   perlcc
	   perldoc
	   The Perl Debugger
       Improved Documentation
	   perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
	   perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perl‐
	   hack.pod, perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, per‐
	   lopentut.pod, perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perluni‐
	   code.pod

       Performance enhancements
	   Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
	   Optimized assignments to lexical variables
	   Faster subroutine calls
	   delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
       Installation and Configuration Improvements
	   -Dusethreads means something different
	   New Configure flags
	   Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
	   Long Doubles
	   -Dusemorebits
	   -Duselargefiles
	   installusrbinperl
	   SOCKS support
	   "-A" flag
	   Enhanced Installation Directories
       Platform specific changes
	   Supported platforms
	   DOS
	   OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
	   VMS
	   Win32
       Significant bug fixes
	   <HANDLE> on empty files
	   "eval '...'" improvements
	   All compilation errors are true errors
	   Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
	   Behavior of list slices is more consistent
	   "(\$)" prototype and $foo{a}
	   "goto &sub" and AUTOLOAD
	   "-bareword" allowed under "use integer"
	   Failures in DESTROY()
	   Locale bugs fixed
	   Memory leaks
	   Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
	   Taint failures under "-U"
	   END blocks and the "-c" switch
	   Potential to leak DATA filehandles
       New or Changed Diagnostics
	   "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not
	   yet implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only
	   after types %s, / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A
	   or Z, / must be followed by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric
	   type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecog‐
	   nized escape \\%c in character class passed through, /%s/ should
	   probably be written as "%s", %s() called too early to check proto‐
	   type, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s argument is
	   not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a subrou‐
	   tine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved
	   word: %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join
	   self, Bad evalled substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored,
	   Bareword found in conditional, Binary number >
	   0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector size >
	   32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
	   filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in
	   "%s", Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing
	   to default, Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read
	   CRTL environ, Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s
	   from lvalue subroutine, Can't weaken a nonreference, Character
	   class [:%s:] unknown, Character class syntax [%s] belongs inside
	   character classes, Constant is not %s reference, constant(%s): %s,
	   CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
	   defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did
	   you mean "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data,
	   entering effective %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, File‐
	   handle %s opened only for output, flock() on closed filehandle %s,
	   Global symbol "%s" requires explicit package name, Hexadecimal num‐
	   ber > 0xffffffff non-portable, Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s",
	   Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: ⎪%s⎪, Illegal binary digit
	   %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal number of bits in vec,
	   Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute: %s, Invalid %s
	   attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid separator
	   character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
	   subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
	   returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
	   %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in
	   "my sub", No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for
	   variable %s in "our", No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset
	   information; assuming local time is UTC, Octal number >
	   037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref, panic: kid popen
	   errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing around
	   "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string, Pos‐
	   sible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME :
	   ATTRS" instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in
	   pack overflows, Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of
	   freed memory ignored, Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take
	   arguments, Strange *+?{} on zero-length expression, switching
	   effective %s is not implemented, This Perl can't reset CRTL environ
	   elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL environ elements (%s=%s),
	   Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode '%s', Unknown process
	   %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized escape \\%c
	   passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute list,
	   Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
	   subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list,
	   Value of CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a con‐
	   stant number

       New tests
       Incompatible Changes
	   Perl Source Incompatibilities
	       CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has
	       changed, Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Liter‐
	       als of the form 1.2.3 parse differently, Possibly changed
	       pseudo-random number generator, Hashing function for hash keys
	       has changed, "undef" fails on read only values, Close-on-exec
	       bit may be set on pipe and socket handles, Writing "$$1" to
	       mean "${$}1" is unsupported, delete(), each(), values() and
	       "\(%h)", vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
	       Text of some diagnostic output has changed, "%@" has been
	       removed, Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator,
	       Semantics of bareword prototype "(*)" have changed, Semantics
	       of bit operators may have changed on 64-bit platforms, More
	       builtins taint their results

	   C Source Incompatibilities
	       "PERL_POLLUTE", "PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT", "PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC"

	   Compatible C Source API Changes
	       "PATCHLEVEL" is now "PERL_VERSION"

	   Binary Incompatibilities
       Known Problems
	   Thread test failures
	   EBCDIC platforms not supported
	   In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
	   NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
	   Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with
	   gcc
	   UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
	   Arrow operator and arrays
	   Experimental features
	       Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak ref‐
	       erences, The pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Inter‐
	       nal implementation of file globbing, The DB module, The regular
	       expression code constructs:

       Obsolete Diagnostics
	   Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions,
	   Ill-formed logical name ⎪%s⎪ in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now
	   must be written as \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp
	   too big, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated

       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       perl5005delta - what's new for perl5.005

       DESCRIPTION
       About the new versioning system
       Incompatible Changes
	   WARNING:  This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
	   Default installation structure has changed
	   Perl Source Compatibility
	   C Source Compatibility
	   Binary Compatibility
	   Security fixes may affect compatibility
	   Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
	   Licensing
       Core Changes
	   Threads
	   Compiler
	   Regular Expressions
	       Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regu‐
	       lar expression constructs, New operator for precompiled regular
	       expressions, Other improvements, Incompatible changes

	   Improved malloc()
	   Quicksort is internally implemented
	   Reliable signals
	   Reliable stack pointers
	   More generous treatment of carriage returns
	   Memory leaks
	   Better support for multiple interpreters
	   Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
	   "%!" is transparently tied to the Errno module
	   Pseudo-hashes are supported
	   "EXPR foreach EXPR" is supported
	   Keywords can be globally overridden
	   $^E is meaningful on Win32
	   "foreach (1..1000000)" optimized
	   "Foo::" can be used as implicitly quoted package name
	   "exists $Foo::{Bar::}" tests existence of a package
	   Better locale support
	   Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
	   prototype() returns useful results on builtins
	   Extended support for exception handling
	   Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
	   All "printf" format conversions are handled internally
	   New "INIT" keyword
	   New "lock" keyword
	   New "qr//" operator
	   "our" is now a reserved word
	   Tied arrays are now fully supported
	   Tied handles support is better
	   4th argument to substr
	   Negative LENGTH argument to splice
	   Magic lvalues are now more magical
	   <> now reads in records
       Supported Platforms
	   New Platforms
	   Changes in existing support
       Modules and Pragmata
	   New Modules
	       B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtU‐
	       tils::Installed, ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test,
	       Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Thread, attrs, fields, re

	   Changes in existing modules
	       Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX,
	       DB_File, MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd

       Utility Changes
       Documentation Changes
       New Diagnostics
	   Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &,
	   Bad index while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to
	   nonexistent package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value,
	   Can't check filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce
	   array into hash, Can't goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't
	   localize pseudo-hash element, Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not
	   available, Cannot find an opnumber for "%s", Character class syntax
	   [. .] is reserved for future extensions, Character class syntax [:
	   :] is reserved for future extensions, Character class syntax [= =]
	   is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in insecure regu‐
	   lar expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s:
	   Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assum‐
	   ing package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field,
	   No such field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during
	   ridiculously large request, Range iterator outside integer range,
	   Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' %s,
	   Reference found where even-sized list expected, Undefined value
	   assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word "%s" is deprecated,
	   perl: warning: Setting locale failed

       Obsolete Diagnostics
	   Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for -e: %s, Cannot open
	   temporary file, regexp too big

       Configuration Changes
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       perl5004delta - what's new for perl5.004

       DESCRIPTION
       Supported Environments
       Core Changes
	   List assignment to %ENV works
	   Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error
	   Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
	   $PERL5OPT environment variable
	   Limitations on -M, -m, and -T options
	   More precise warnings
	   Deprecated: Inherited "AUTOLOAD" for non-methods
	   Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
	   Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
	   Group vector changeable with $)
	   Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.
	   Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.
	   No resetting of $. on implicit close
	   "wantarray" may return undef
	   "eval EXPR" determines value of EXPR in scalar context
	   Changes to tainting checks
	       No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV,
	       $BASH_ENV, No spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a
	       terminal name

	   New Opcode module and revised Safe module
	   Embedding improvements
	   Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
	   Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
	   New and changed syntax
	       $coderef->(PARAMS)

	   New and changed builtin constants
	       __PACKAGE__

	   New and changed builtin variables
	       $^E, $^H, $^M

	   New and changed builtin functions
	       delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue,
	       my() in Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use
	       VERSION, use Module VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand,
	       $_ as Default, "m//gc" does not reset search position on fail‐
	       ure, "m//x" ignores whitespace before ?*+{}, nested "sub{}"
	       closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals

	   New builtin methods
	       isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )

	   TIEHANDLE now supported
	       TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST,
	       READ this LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this

	   Malloc enhancements
	       -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE

	   Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
       Support for More Operating Systems
	   Win32
	   Plan 9
	   QNX
	   AmigaOS
       Pragmata
	   use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir',
	   use constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish

       Modules
	   Required Updates
	   Installation directories
	   Module information summary
	   Fcntl
	   IO
	   Math::Complex
	   Math::Trig
	   DB_File
	   Net::Ping
	   Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
       Utility Changes
	   pod2html
	       Sends converted HTML to standard output

	   xsubpp
	       "void" XSUBs now default to returning nothing

       C Language API Changes
	   "gv_fetchmethod" and "perl_call_sv", "perl_eval_pv", Extended API
	   for manipulating hashes

       Documentation Changes
	   perldelta, perlfaq, perllocale, perltoot, perlapio, perlmodlib,
	   perldebug, perlsec

       New Diagnostics
	   "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argu‐
	   ment is not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx,
	   Allocation too large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s),
	   Attempt to free nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference
	   as lvalue in substr, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package,
	   Can't redefine active sort subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s")
	   as %s ref while "strict refs" in use, Cannot resolve method `%s'
	   overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant subroutine %s redefined,
	   Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did not return a ref‐
	   erence, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too long,
	   Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT:
	   %s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal num‐
	   ber, internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s",
	   Invalid type in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name
	   "%s::%s" used only once: possible typo, Null picture in formline,
	   Offset outside string, Out of memory!, Out of memory during request
	   for %s, panic: frexp, Possible attempt to put comments in qw()
	   list, Possible attempt to separate words with commas, Scalar value
	   @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found while resolving
	   method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "-T" option, untie
	   attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized char‐
	   acter %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean
	   "${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with
	   defined(), Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not
	   stay shared, Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name
	   ⎪%s⎪ in prime_env_iter, Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed
	   PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too long, Process terminated by SIG%s

       BUGS
       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       perlartistic - the Perl Artistic License

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       The "Artistic License"
	   Preamble
	   Definitions
	       "Package", "Standard Version", "Copyright Holder", "You", "Rea‐
	       sonable copying fee", "Freely Available"

	   Conditions
	       a), b), c), d), a), b), c), d)

       perlgpl - the GNU General Public License, version 2

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE

       perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems

       DESCRIPTION
	   Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
	   OS level
	   Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
	   The IBM ANSI C Compiler
	   The usenm option
	   Using GNU's gcc for building perl
	   Using Large Files with Perl
	   Threaded Perl
	   64-bit Perl
	   AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics
       AUTHOR
       DATE

       perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS

       NOTE
       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on AmigaOS
	       Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library, Version of Amiga OS

	   Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
	   Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
       INSTALLATION
       Accessing documentation
	   Manpages for Perl on AmigaOS
	   Perl HTML Documentation on AmigaOS
	   Perl GNU Info Files on AmigaOS
	   Perl LaTeX Documentation on AmigaOS
       BUILDING PERL ON AMIGAOS
	   Build Prerequisites for Perl on AmigaOS
	   Getting the Perl Source for AmigaOS
	   Making Perl on AmigaOS
	   Testing Perl on AmigaOS
	   Installing the built Perl on AmigaOS
       PERL 5.8.0 BROKEN IN AMIGAOS
       AUTHORS
       SEE ALSO

       perlapollo, README.apollo - Perl version 5 on Apollo DomainOS

       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR

       perlbeos, README.beos - Perl version 5.8+ on BeOS

       DESCRIPTION
       BUILD AND INSTALL
	   Requirements
	   Configure
	   Build
	   Install
       KNOWN PROBLEMS
       CONTACT

       perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   gzip on BS2000
	   bison on BS2000
	   Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000
	   Compiling Perl on BS2000
	   Testing Perl on BS2000
	   Installing Perl on BS2000
	   Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000
	   Using Perl in "native" BS2000
	   Floating point anomalies on BS2000
	   Using PerlIO and different encodings on ASCII and EBCDIC partitions
       AUTHORS
       SEE ALSO
	   Mailing list
       HISTORY

       perlce - Perl for WinCE

       DESCRIPTION
       BUILD
	   Tools & SDK
	       Microsoft Embedded Visual Tools, Microsoft Visual C++, Rainer
	       Keuchel's celib-sources, Rainer Keuchel's console-sources

	   Make
	       go to ./wince subdirectory, edit file compile.bat, run	com‐
	       pile.bat, run
		 compile.bat dist

       ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
       AUTHORS

       perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin

       SYNOPSIS
       PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN
	   Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
	   Cygwin Configuration
	       "PATH", nroff, Permissions

       CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN
	   Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin
	   Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin
	       "-lcrypt", "-lgdbm" ("use GDBM_File"), "-ldb" ("use DB_File"),
	       "-lcygipc" ("use IPC::SysV"), "-lutil"

	   Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin
	       "-Uusedl", "-Uusemymalloc", "-Uuseperlio", "-Dusemultiplicity",
	       "-Duse64bitint", "-Duselongdouble", "-Dusethreads", "-Duse‐
	       largefiles", "-Dmksymlinks"

	   Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin
	       dlsym(), Win9x and "d_eofnblk", Compiler/Preprocessor defines

       MAKE ON CYGWIN
	   Errors on Cygwin
	   ld2 on Cygwin
       TEST ON CYGWIN
	   File Permissions on Cygwin
	   NDBM_File and ODBM_File do not work on FAT filesystems
	   "fork()" failures in io_* tests
       Specific features of the Cygwin port
	   Script Portability on Cygwin
	       Pathnames, Text/Binary, PerlIO, .exe, cygwin vs. windows
	       process ids, "chown()", Miscellaneous

	   Prebuilt methods:
	       "Cwd::cwd", "Cygwin::pid_to_winpid", "Cygwin::winpid_to_pid"

       INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN
       MANIFEST ON CYGWIN
	   Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled
	   Perl Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts

       BUGS ON CYGWIN
       AUTHORS
       HISTORY

       perldgux - Perl under DG/UX.

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       BUILDING PERL ON DG/UX
	   Non-threaded Perl on DG/UX
	   Threaded Perl on DG/UX
	   Testing Perl on DG/UX
	   Installing the built perl on DG/UX
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on DOS
	       DJGPP, Pthreads

	   Shortcomings of Perl under DOS
	   Building Perl on DOS
	   Testing Perl on DOS
	   Installation of Perl on DOS
       BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS
	   Building Prerequisites for Perl on DOS
	   Unpacking CPAN Modules on DOS
	   Building Non-XS Modules on DOS
	   Building XS Modules on DOS
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC

       SYNOPSIS
       INTRODUCTION
       INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC
       STARTING PERL ON EPOC
	   Editors on Epoc
	   Features of Perl on Epoc
	   Restrictions of Perl on Epoc
	   Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment
       SUPPORT STATUS OF PERL ON EPOC
       AUTHOR
       LAST UPDATE

       perlfreebsd, README.freebsd - Perl version 5 on FreeBSD systems

       DESCRIPTION
	   FreeBSD core dumps from readdir_r with ithreads
	   $^X doesn't always contain a full path in FreeBSD
	   Perl will no longer be part of "base FreeBSD"
       AUTHOR

       perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix (HP-UX)
       systems

       DESCRIPTION
	   Using perl as shipped with HP-UX
	   Using perl from HP's porting centre
	   Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
	   PA-RISC
	   Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
	   PA-RISC 1.0
	   PA-RISC 1.1
	   PA-RISC 2.0
	   Itanium Processor Family and HP-UX
	   Itanium & Itanium 2
	   Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
	   The HP ANSI C Compiler
	   The GNU C Compiler
	   Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX
	   Threaded Perl on HP-UX
	   64-bit Perl on HP-UX
	   Oracle on HP-UX
	   GDBM and Threads on HP-UX
	   NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX
	   perl -P and // and HP-UX
	   HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl
       nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
       AUTHOR
       DATE

       perlhurd, README.hurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd

       DESCRIPTION
	   Known Problems with Perl on Hurd
       AUTHOR

       perlirix, README.irix - Perl version 5 on Irix systems

       DESCRIPTION
	   Building 32-bit Perl in Irix
	   Building 64-bit Perl in Irix
	   About Compiler Versions of Irix
	   Linker Problems in Irix
	   Malloc in Irix
	   Building with threads in Irix
	   Irix 5.3
       AUTHOR

       perllinux, README.linux - Perl version 5 on Linux systems

       DESCRIPTION
	   Experimental Support for Sun Studio Compilers for Linux OS
       AUTHOR

       perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen systems

       DESCRIPTION
	   Perl version 5.8.x and greater not supported
	   Compiling Perl 5.6.x on MachTen
	   Failures during "make test" on MachTen
	       op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t

	   Building external modules on MachTen
       AUTHOR
       DATE

       perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic)

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR
       DATE

       perlmacosx, README.macosx - Perl under Mac OS X

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Installation Prefix
	   libperl and Prebinding
	   Updating Apple-supplied Perl
	   64-bit Perl
	   Intel processor support
	   Universal binaries
	   Known problems
	   MacPerl
	   Carbon
	   Cocoa
       Starting From Scratch
       AUTHOR
       DATE

       perlmint, README.mint - Perl version 5 on Atari MiNT

       DESCRIPTION
       Known problems with Perl on MiNT
       AUTHOR

       perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE

       SYNOPSIS
       NOTE
       Binary distribution from HP
       What's New in Perl for MPE/iX
       Welcome to Perl/iX
       System Requirements for Perl/iX
       How to Obtain Perl/iX
       Perl/iX Distribution Contents Highlights
	   README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/, pub‐
	   lic_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe

       How to Compile Perl/iX
	    4,	6

       Getting Started with Perl/iX
       MPE/iX Implementation Considerations
       Known Perl/iX Bugs Under Investigation
       Perl/iX To-Do List
       Perl/iX Change History
       AUTHOR

       perlnetware - Perl for NetWare

       DESCRIPTION
       BUILD
	   Tools & SDK
	   Setup
	       SetNWBld.bat, Buildtype.bat

	   Make
	   Interpreter
	   Extensions
       INSTALL
       BUILD NEW EXTENSIONS
       ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
       AUTHORS
       DATE

       perlopenbsd, README.openbsd - Perl version 5 on OpenBSD systems

       DESCRIPTION
	   OpenBSD core dumps from getprotobyname_r and getservbyname_r with
	   ithreads
       AUTHOR

       perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Target
	   Other OSes
	   Prerequisites
	       EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh

	   Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
	   Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
       Frequently asked questions
	   "It does not work"
	   I cannot run external programs
	   I cannot embed perl into my program, or use perl.dll from my pro‐
	   gram.
	       Is your program EMX-compiled with "-Zmt -Zcrtdll"?, Did you use
	       ExtUtils::Embed?

	   `` and pipe-"open" do not work under DOS.
	   Cannot start "find.exe "pattern" file"
       INSTALLATION
	   Automatic binary installation
	       "PERL_BADLANG", "PERL_BADFREE", Config.pm

	   Manual binary installation
	       Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO
	       executable (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities,
	       Main Perl library, Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile
	       Perl modules, Manpages for Perl and utilities, Manpages for
	       Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation, Perl manual in
	       .INF format, Pdksh

	   Warning
       Accessing documentation
	   OS/2 .INF file
	   Plain text
	   Manpages
	   HTML
	   GNU "info" files
	   PDF files
	   "LaTeX" docs
       BUILD
	   The short story
	   Prerequisites
	   Getting perl source
	   Application of the patches
	   Hand-editing
	   Making
	   Testing
	       A lot of "bad free", Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT,
	       op/fs.t, op/stat.t

	   Installing the built perl
	   "a.out"-style build
       Building a binary distribution
       Building custom .EXE files
	   Making executables with a custom collection of statically loaded
	   extensions
	   Making executables with a custom search-paths
       Build FAQ
	   Some "/" became "\" in pdksh.
	   'errno' - unresolved external
	   Problems with tr or sed
	   Some problem (forget which ;-)
	   Library ... not found
	   Segfault in make
	   op/sprintf test failure
       Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
	   "setpriority", "getpriority"
	   "system()"
	   "extproc" on the first line
	   Additional modules:
	   Prebuilt methods:
	       "File::Copy::syscopy", "DynaLoader::mod2fname",	"Cwd::cur‐
	       rent_drive()",
		"Cwd::sys_chdir(name)",	 "Cwd::change_drive(name)",
	       "Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)", "Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)",
	       "Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)", "Cwd::sys_cwd(name)",
	       "Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)",  "Cwd::extLibpath([type])",
	       "Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )", "OS2::Error(do_harder‐
	       ror,do_exception)", "OS2::Errors2Drive(drive)", OS2::SysInfo(),
	       OS2::BootDrive(), "OS2::MorphPM(serve)", "OS2::UnMor‐
	       phPM(serve)", "OS2::Serve_Messages(force)", "OS2::Process_Mes‐
	       sages(force [, cnt])", "OS2::_control87(new,mask)",
	       OS2::get_control87(), "OS2::set_con‐
	       trol87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)", "OS2::DLLname([how [,
	       \&xsub]])"

	   Prebuilt variables:
	       $OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver, $OS2::is_aout,
	       $OS2::can_fork, $OS2::nsyserror

	   Misfeatures
	   Modifications
	       "popen", "tmpnam", "tmpfile", "ctermid", "stat", "mkdir",
	       "rmdir", "flock"

	   Identifying DLLs
	   Centralized management of resources
	       "HAB", "HMQ", Treating errors reported by OS/2 API, "CheckOSEr‐
	       ror(expr)", "CheckWinError(expr)", "SaveWinError(expr)", "Save‐
	       CroakWinError(expr,die,name1,name2)", "WinError_2_Perl_rc",
	       "FillWinError", "FillOSError(rc)", Loading DLLs and ordinals in
	       DLLs

       Perl flavors
	   perl.exe
	   perl_.exe
	   perl__.exe
	   perl___.exe
	   Why strange names?
	   Why dynamic linking?
	   Why chimera build?
       ENVIRONMENT
	   "PERLLIB_PREFIX"
	   "PERL_BADLANG"
	   "PERL_BADFREE"
	   "PERL_SH_DIR"
	   "USE_PERL_FLOCK"
	   "TMP" or "TEMP"
       Evolution
	   Text-mode filehandles
	   Priorities
	   DLL name mangling: pre 5.6.2
	   DLL name mangling: 5.6.2 and beyond
	       Global DLLs, specific DLLs, "BEGINLIBPATH" and "ENDLIBPATH", .
	       from "LIBPATH"

	   DLL forwarder generation
	   Threading
	   Calls to external programs
	   Memory allocation
	   Threads
	       "COND_WAIT", os2.c

       BUGS
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390 and
       z/OS

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Tools
	   Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390
	   Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390
	   Configure Perl on OS/390
	   Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390
	   Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
	   Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
	   Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
	   Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390
	   Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
	   Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390
       AUTHORS
       SEE ALSO
	   Mailing list for Perl on OS/390
       HISTORY

       perlos400, README.os400 - Perl version 5 on OS/400

       DESCRIPTION
	   Compiling Perl for OS/400 PASE
	   Installing Perl in OS/400 PASE
	   Using Perl in OS/400 PASE
	   Known Problems
	   Perl on ILE
       AUTHORS

       perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl

       DESCRIPTION
	   Invoking Perl
	   What's in Plan 9 Perl
	   What's not in Plan 9 Perl
	   Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl
	   Signals in Plan 9 Perl
       COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9
	   Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9
       BUGS
       Revision date
       AUTHOR

       perlqnx, README.qnx - Perl version 5 on QNX

       DESCRIPTION
	   Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4
	       /bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make

	   Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4
	   QNX auxiliary files
	       qnx/ar, qnx/cpp

	   Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6
       AUTHOR

       perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems

       DESCRIPTION
	   Solaris Version Numbers.
       RESOURCES
	   Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation

       SETTING UP
	   File Extraction Problems on Solaris.
	   Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris.
	   Environment for Compiling perl on Solaris
       RUN CONFIGURE.
	   64-bit perl on Solaris.
	   Threads in perl on Solaris.
	   Malloc Issues with perl on Solaris.
       MAKE PROBLEMS.
	   Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl:
	   fatal: relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error
	   "No DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found, warning: dead
	   part of constant expression is nonconstant

       MAKE TEST
	   op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris
	   nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
       PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS.
       RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS.
	   Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris.
       SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
       SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
	   Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris
	   BSD::Resource on Solaris
	   Net::SSLeay on Solaris
       SunOS 4.x
       AUTHOR

       perltru64, README.tru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as
       Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems

       DESCRIPTION
	   Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64
	   Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64
	   Threaded Perl on Tru64
	   Long Doubles on Tru64
	   DB_File tests failing on Tru64
	   64-bit Perl on Tru64
	   Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64
       Testing Perl on Tru64
       ext/ODBM_File/odbm Test Failing With Static Builds
       Perl Fails Because Of Unresolved Symbol sockatmark
       AUTHOR

       perluts - Perl under UTS

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       BUILDING PERL ON UTS
       Installing the built perl on UTS
       AUTHOR

       perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA.

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Unpacking Perl Distribution on VM/ESA
	   Setup Perl and utilities on VM/ESA
	   Configure Perl on VM/ESA
	   Testing Anomalies of Perl on VM/ESA
	   Usage Hints for Perl on VM/ESA
       AUTHORS
       SEE ALSO
	   Mailing list for Perl on VM/ESA

       perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl

       DESCRIPTION
       Installation
       Organization of Perl Images
	   Core Images
	   Perl Extensions
	   Installing static extensions
	   Installing dynamic extensions
       File specifications
	   Syntax
	   Wildcard expansion
	   Pipes
       PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
       Command line
	   I/O redirection and backgrounding
	   Command line switches
	       -i, -S, -u

       Perl functions
	   File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER,
	   dump, exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill,
	   qx//, select (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times,
	   unlink LIST, utime LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS

       Perl variables
	   %ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $⎪

       Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
	   SDBM_File
       Revision date
       AUTHOR

       perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS

       SYNOPSIS
	   Multiple methods to build perl for VOS
	   Stratus POSIX Support
       INSTALLING PERL IN VOS
	   Compiling Perl 5 on VOS
	   Installing Perl 5 on VOS
       USING PERL IN VOS
	   Unimplemented Features of Perl on VOS
	   Restrictions of Perl on VOS
	   Handling of underflow and overflow
       TEST STATUS
       SUPPORT STATUS
       AUTHOR
       LAST UPDATE

       perlwin32 - Perl under Windows

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Setting Up Perl on Win32
	       Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Micro‐
	       soft Visual C++ Toolkit 2003, Microsoft Platform SDK 64-bit
	       Compiler, MinGW release 3 with gcc, MinGW release 1 with gcc

	   Building
	   Testing Perl on Win32
	   Installation of Perl on Win32
	   Usage Hints for Perl on Win32
	       Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the com‐
	       mand line, Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expan‐
	       sion, Win32 Specific Extensions, Notes on 64-bit Windows

	   Running Perl Scripts
	   Miscellaneous Things
       BUGS AND CAVEATS
       ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
       AUTHORS
	   Gary Ng <71564.1743@CompuServe.COM>, Gurusamy Sarathy
	   <gsar@activestate.com>, Nick Ing-Simmons <nick@ing-simmons.net>,
	   Jan Dubois <jand@activestate.com>, Steve Hay
	   <steve.hay@uk.radan.com>

       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION
       attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   method, locked

       re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       threadshared::shared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data
       structures between threads

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXPORT
       FUNCTIONS
	   share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_wait COND‐
	   VAR, LOCKVAR, cond_timedwait VARIABLE, ABS_TIMEOUT, cond_timedwait
	   CONDVAR, ABS_TIMEOUT, LOCKVAR, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast
	   VARIABLE

       NOTES
       BUGS
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads from
       perl

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   $thread = threads->create(function, LIST), $thread->join,
	   $thread->detach, threads->self, $thread->tid, threads->object( tid
	   ), threads->yield();, threads->list();, async BLOCK;

       WARNINGS
	   A thread exited while %d other threads were still running

       TODO
       BUGS
	   Parent-Child threads, tid is I32, Returning objects, Creating
	   threads inside BEGIN blocks, PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are not threadsafe,
	   will not be

       AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
       SEE ALSO

       attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Built-in Attributes
	       locked, method, lvalue

	   Available Subroutines
	       get, reftype

	   Package-specific Attribute Handling
	       FETCH_type_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_type_ATTRIBUTES

	   Syntax of Attribute Lists
       EXPORTS
	   Default exports
	   Available exports
	   Export tags defined
       EXAMPLES
       SEE ALSO

       autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       WARNING
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       base - Establish IS-A relationship with base classes at compile time

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       DIAGNOSTICS
	   Base class package "%s" is empty

       HISTORY
       CAVEATS
       SEE ALSO

       bigint - Transparent BigInteger support for Perl

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Options
	       a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or ver‐
	       sion

	   Math Library
	   Internal Format
	   Sign
	   Methods
	   Caveat
       MODULES USED
       EXAMPLES
       LICENSE
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS

       bignum - Transparent BigNumber support for Perl

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Options
	       a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or ver‐
	       sion

	   Methods
	   Caveat
	       inf(), NaN(), upgrade()

	   MATH LIBRARY
	   INTERNAL FORMAT
	   SIGN
       MODULES USED
       EXAMPLES
       LICENSE
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS

       bigrat - Transparent BigNumber/BigRational support for Perl

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Modules Used
	   Math Library
	   Sign
	   Methods
	   Cavaet
	   Options
	       a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or ver‐
	       sion

       EXAMPLES
		   perl -Mbigrat -le 'print sqrt(33)'
		   perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 2*255'
		   perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 4.5+2*255'
		   perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 3/7 + 5/7 + 8/3'
		   perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 12->is_odd()';

       LICENSE
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS

       blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character
       semantics

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       LIMITATIONS
       SEE ALSO

       charnames - define character names for "\N{named}" string literal
       escapes

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
       CUSTOM ALIASES
	   Anonymous hashes
	   Alias file
	   Alias shortcut
       charnames::viacode(code)
       charnames::vianame(name)
       ALIASES
       ILLEGAL CHARACTERS
       BUGS

       constant - Perl pragma to declare constants

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       NOTES
	   List constants
	   Defining multiple constants at once
	   Magic constants
       TECHNICAL NOTES
       BUGS
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       diagnostics, splain - produce verbose warning diagnostics

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   The "diagnostics" Pragma
	   The splain Program
       EXAMPLES
       INTERNALS
       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       encoding - allows you to write your script in non-ascii or non-utf8

       SYNOPSIS
       ABSTRACT
	   Literal Conversions
	   PerlIO layers for "STD(IN⎪OUT)"
	   Implicit upgrading for byte strings
       FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1
	   "NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle

       USAGE
	   use encoding [ENCNAME] ;, use encoding ENCNAME [ STDIN => ENC‐
	   NAME_IN ...] ;, use encoding ENCNAME Filter=>1;, no encoding;

       The Filter Option
	   Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87
       CAVEATS
	   NOT SCOPED
	   DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
	   tr/// with ranges
	       Legend of characters above

       EXAMPLE - Greekperl
       KNOWN PROBLEMS
	   literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format

	   The Logic of :locale
       HISTORY
       SEE ALSO

       fields - compile-time class fields

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   new, phash

       SEE ALSO

       filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   subpragma access

       if - "use" a Perl module if a condition holds

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating
       point

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       lib - manipulate @INC at compile time

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Adding directories to @INC
	   Deleting directories from @INC
	   Restoring original @INC
       CAVEATS
       NOTES
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in opera‐
       tions

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       open - perl pragma to set default PerlIO layers for input and output

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY
       IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
       SEE ALSO

       ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       SEE ALSO

       overload - Package for overloading Perl operations

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Declaration of overloaded functions
	   Calling Conventions for Binary Operations
	       FALSE, TRUE, "undef"

	   Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
	   Calling Conventions for Mutators
	       "++" and "--", "x=" and other assignment versions

	   Overloadable Operations
	       Arithmetic operations, Comparison operations, Bit operations,
	       Increment and decrement, Transcendental functions, Boolean,
	       string and numeric conversion, Iteration, Dereferencing, Spe‐
	       cial

	   Inheritance and overloading
	       Strings as values of "use overload" directive, Overloading of
	       an operation is inherited by derived classes

       SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR "use overload"
	   Last Resort
	   Fallback
	       "undef", TRUE, defined, but FALSE

	   Copy Constructor
	       Example

       MAGIC AUTOGENERATION
	   Assignment forms of arithmetic operations, Conversion operations,
	   Increment and decrement, "abs($a)", Unary minus, Negation, Concate‐
	   nation, Comparison operations, Iterator, Dereferencing, Copy opera‐
	   tor

       Losing overloading
       Run-time Overloading
       Public functions
	   overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), over‐
	   load::Method(obj,op)

       Overloading constants
	   integer, float, binary, q, qr

       IMPLEMENTATION
       Metaphor clash
       Cookbook
	   Two-face scalars
	   Two-face references
	   Symbolic calculator
	   Really symbolic calculator
       AUTHOR
       DIAGNOSTICS
	   Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an
	   overloadable type, `%s' is not a code reference

       BUGS

       sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OPTIONS
	   SIGNAL HANDLERS
	       stack-trace, die, handler your-handler

	   SIGNAL LISTS
	       normal-signals, error-signals, old-interface-signals

	   OTHER
	       untrapped, any, signal, number

       EXAMPLES

       sort - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CAVEATS

       strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   "strict refs", "strict vars", "strict subs"

       HISTORY

       subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       threadshared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data struc‐
       tures between threads

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXPORT
       FUNCTIONS
	   share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_wait COND‐
	   VAR, LOCKVAR, cond_timedwait VARIABLE, ABS_TIMEOUT, cond_timedwait
	   CONDVAR, ABS_TIMEOUT, LOCKVAR, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast
	   VARIABLE

       NOTES
       BUGS
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source
       code

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Utility functions
	       $num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string), $success = utf8::down‐
	       grade($string[, FAIL_OK]), utf8::encode($string),
	       utf8::decode($string), $flag = utf8::is_utf8(STRING), $flag =
	       utf8::valid(STRING)

       BUGS
       SEE ALSO

       vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   "vmsish status", "vmsish exit", "vmsish time", "vmsish hushed"

       warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warn‐
	   ings::enabled($category), warnings::enabled($object), warn‐
	   ings::warn($message), warnings::warn($category, $message), warn‐
	   ings::warn($object, $message), warnings::warnif($message), warn‐
	   ings::warnif($category, $message), warnings::warnif($object, $mes‐
	   sage)

       warnings::register - warnings import function

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

MODULE DOCUMENTATION
       AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   DBM Comparisons
	       [0], [1], [2], [3]

       SEE ALSO

       Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers

       VERSION
       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]

	   Typed lexicals
	   Type-specific attribute handlers
	   Non-interpretive attribute handlers
	   Phase-specific attribute handlers
	   Attributes as "tie" interfaces
       EXAMPLES
       DIAGNOSTICS
	   "Bad attribute type: ATTR(%s)", "Attribute handler %s doesn't han‐
	   dle %s attributes", "Declaration of %s attribute in package %s may
	   clash with future reserved word", "Can't have two ATTR specifiers
	   on one subroutine", "Can't autotie a %s", "Internal error: %s sym‐
	   bol went missing", "Won't be able to apply END handler"

       AUTHOR
       BUGS
       COPYRIGHT

       AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Subroutine Stubs
	   Using AutoLoader's AUTOLOAD Subroutine
	   Overriding AutoLoader's AUTOLOAD Subroutine
	   Package Lexicals
	   Not Using AutoLoader
	   AutoLoader vs. SelfLoader
       CAVEATS
       SEE ALSO

       AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   $keep, $check, $modtime

	   Multiple packages
       DIAGNOSTICS

       B - The Perl Compiler

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OVERVIEW
       Utility Functions
	   Functions Returning "B::SV", "B::AV", "B::HV", and "B::CV" objects
	       sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no, svref_2object(SVREF), amagic_genera‐
	       tion, init_av, check_av, begin_av, end_av, comppadlist,
	       regex_padav, main_cv

	   Functions for Examining the Symbol Table
	       walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX)

	   Functions Returning "B::OP" objects or for walking op trees
	       main_root, main_start, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkop‐
	       tree_debug(DEBUG)

	   Miscellaneous Utility Functions
	       ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR),
	       perlstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names

       OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
	   SV-RELATED CLASSES
	   B::SV Methods
	       REFCNT, FLAGS, object_2svref

	   B::IV Methods
	       IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv

	   B::NV Methods
	       NV, NVX

	   B::RV Methods
	       RV

	   B::PV Methods
	       PV, RV, PVX

	   B::PVMG Methods
	       MAGIC, SvSTASH

	   B::MAGIC Methods
	       MOREMAGIC, precomp, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR, REGEX

	   B::PVLV Methods
	       TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG

	   B::BM Methods
	       USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE

	   B::GV Methods
	       is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV,
	       CVGEN, LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS

	   B::IO Methods
	       LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME,
	       FMT_GV, BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS,
	       IsSTD

	   B::AV Methods
	       FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, ARRAYelt, AvFLAGS

	   B::CV Methods
	       STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, OUT‐
	       SIDE_SEQ, XSUB, XSUBANY, CvFLAGS, const_sv

	   B::HV Methods
	       FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY

	   OP-RELATED CLASSES
	   B::OP Methods
	       next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, opt, static,
	       flags, private, spare

	   B::UNOP METHOD
	       first

	   B::BINOP METHOD
	       last

	   B::LOGOP METHOD
	       other

	   B::LISTOP METHOD
	       children

	   B::PMOP Methods
	       pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmdynflags,
	       pmpermflags, precomp, pmoffset

	   B::SVOP METHOD
	       sv, gv

	   B::PADOP METHOD
	       padix

	   B::PVOP METHOD
	       pv

	   B::LOOP Methods
	       redoop, nextop, lastop

	   B::COP Methods
	       label, stash, stashpv, file, cop_seq, arybase, line, warnings,
	       io

       AUTHOR

       B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate byte‐
       code

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   %insn_data, @insn_name, @optype, @specialsv_name

       AUTHOR

       B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHORS

       B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Functions
	       find_leaders

       AUTHOR

       B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXAMPLE
       OPTIONS
	   -b, -H, -k, -ooutfile, -s

       KNOWN BUGS
       NOTICE
       AUTHORS

       B::C - Perl compiler's C backend

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OPTIONS
	   -ofilename, -v, --, -uPackname, -D, -Do, -Dc, -DA, -DC, -DM, -f,
	   -fcog, -fsave-data, -fppaddr, -fwarn-sv, -fuse-script-name,
	   -fsave-sig-hash, -On, -O0, -O1, -O2, -llimit

       EXAMPLES
       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OPTIONS
	   -ofilename, -v, --, -uPackname, -mModulename, -D, -Dr, -DO, -Ds,
	   -Dp, -Dq, -Dl, -Dt, -f, -ffreetmps-each-bblock,
	   -ffreetmps-each-loop, -fomit-taint, -On

       EXAMPLES
       BUGS
       DIFFERENCES
	   Loops
	   Context of ".."
	   Arithmetic
	   Deprecated features
       AUTHOR

       B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXAMPLE
       OPTIONS
	   Options for Opcode Ordering
	       -basic, -exec, -tree

	   Options for Line-Style
	       -concise, -terse, -linenoise, -debug, -env

	   Options for tree-specific formatting
	       -compact, -loose, -vt, -ascii

	   Options controlling sequence numbering
	       -basen, -bigendian, -littleendian

	   Other options
	       -main, -nomain, -nobanner, -banner, -banneris => subref

	   Option Stickiness
       ABBREVIATIONS
	   OP class abbreviations
	   OP flags abbreviations
       FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
	   Special Patterns
	       (x(exec_text;basic_text)x), (*(text)*), (*(text1;text2)*),
	       (?(text1#varText2)?), ~

	   # Variables
	       #var, #varN, #Var, #addr, #arg, #class, #classsym, #coplabel,
	       #exname, #extarg, #firstaddr, #flags, #flagval, #hyphseq,
	       #label, #lastaddr, #name, #NAME, #next, #nextaddr, #noise,
	       #private, #privval, #seq, #seqnum, #opt, #static, #sibaddr,
	       #svaddr, #svclass, #svval, #targ, #targarg, #targarglife,
	       #typenum

       Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
	   Example: Altering Concise Renderings
	   set_style()
	   set_style_standard($name)
	   add_style()
	   add_callback()
	   Running B::Concise::compile()
	   B::Concise::reset_sequence()
	   Errors
       AUTHOR

       B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR

       B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OPTIONS
	   -d, -fFILE, -l, -p, -P, -q, -sLETTERS, C, iNUMBER, T, vSTRING.,
	   -xLEVEL

       USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
	   Synopsis
	   Description
	   new
	   ambient_pragmas
	       strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits,
	       warning_bits

	   coderef2text
       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR

       B::Lint - Perl lint

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS
	   context, implicit-read and implicit-write, bare-subs, dollar-under‐
	   score, private-names, undefined-subs, regexp-variables, all, none

       NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS
	   -u Package

       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONVENTIONS
       IMPLEMENTATION
       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXAMPLES
	   OPTIONS
       SEE ALSO
       TODO
       AUTHOR

       B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR

       B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded

       B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR

       B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OPTIONS
	   "-oFILENAME", "-r", "-d", "-D[tO]"

       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Functions
	       find_leaders

       AUTHOR

       Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Methods
	       new, debug, iters

	   Standard Exports
	       timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE
	       ]] ), timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff (
	       T1, T2 ), timestr ( TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )

	   Optional Exports
	       clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUNT,
	       CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ]
	       ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ),
	       timesum ( T1, T2 )

	   :hireswallclock
       NOTES
       EXAMPLES
       INHERITANCE
       CAVEATS
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS
       MODIFICATION HISTORY

       ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXAMPLE
       OPTIONS
	   -b, -H, -k, -ooutfile, -s

       KNOWN BUGS
       NOTICE
       AUTHORS

       CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class

       SYNOPSIS
       ABSTRACT
       DESCRIPTION
	   PROGRAMMING STYLE
	   CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
	   CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
	   CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
	   FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
	   FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
	   FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
	   SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
	   APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
	   IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
	   DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
	   DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
	   HANDLING NON-URLENCODED ARGUMENTS
	   DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
	   FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
	   SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
	   RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
	   USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE
	       :cgi, :form, :html2, :html3, :html4, :netscape, :html, :stan‐
	       dard, :all

	   PRAGMAS
	       -any, -compile, -nosticky, -tabindex, -no_undef_params,
	       -no_xhtml, -nph, -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload,
	       -no_debug, -debug, -private_tempfiles

	   SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS
	       1. start_table() (generates a <table> tag), 2. end_table()
	       (generates a </table> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <ul>
	       tag), 4. end_ul() (generates a </ul> tag)

       GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS
	   CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:
	   GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER
	   CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER
	       Parameters:, 4, 5, 6..

	   ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:
	   CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:
	   OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL
	       -absolute, -relative, -full, -path (-path_info), -query
	       (-query_string), -base, -rewrite

	   MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS
       CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:
	   PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS
	   THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS
	   HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION
	   NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS
	   AUTOESCAPING HTML
	       $escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset =
	       charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]);

	   PRETTY-PRINTING HTML
       CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:
	   CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG
	   STARTING AND ENDING A FORM
	       application/x-www-form-urlencoded, multipart/form-data

	   FORM ELEMENTS
	       -name, -value, -values, -tabindex, -id, -override, -onChange,
	       -onFocus, -onBlur, -onMouseOver, -onMouseOut, -onSelect

	   CREATING A TEXT FIELD
	       Parameters

	   CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD
	   CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD
	   CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD
	       Parameters

	   CREATING A POPUP MENU
	   CREATING AN OPTION GROUP
	   CREATING A SCROLLING LIST
	       Parameters:

	   CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES
	       Parameters:

	   CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX
	       Parameters:

	   CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP
	       Parameters:

	   CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON
	       Parameters:

	   CREATING A RESET BUTTON
	   CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON
	   CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD
	       Parameters:

	   CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON
	       Parameters:, 3. The third option (-align, optional) is an
	       alignment type, and may be TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE

	   CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON
       HTTP COOKIES
	   1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag,
	   -name, -value, -path, -domain, -expires, -secure

       WORKING WITH FRAMES
	   1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the
	   document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the
	   document in the <form> tag

       SUPPORT FOR JAVASCRIPT
	   onLoad, onUnload, onSubmit, onClick, onChange, onFocus, onBlur,
	   onSelect, onMouseOver, onMouseOut

       LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS
       DEBUGGING
	   DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS
       FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
	   Accept(), raw_cookie(), user_agent(), path_info(), path_trans‐
	   lated(), remote_host(), script_name() Return the script name as a
	   partial URL, for self-refering scripts, referer(), auth_type (),
	   server_name (), virtual_host (), server_port (), virtual_port (),
	   server_software (), remote_user (), user_name (), request_method(),
	   content_type(), http(), https()

       USING NPH SCRIPTS
	   In the use statement, By calling the nph() method:, By using -nph
	   parameters

       Server Push
	   multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multi‐
	   part_final()

       Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks
	   $CGI::POST_MAX, $CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS, 1. On a script-by-script
	   basis, 2. Globally for all scripts

       COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL
       AUTHOR INFORMATION
       CREDITS
	   Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor
	   (james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike
	   Jewell (mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin
	   (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg (jh@axis.se), Laurent
	   Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick
	   (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony
	   Curtis (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom
	   Christiansen (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig
	   (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@ful‐
	   crum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks (kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu),
	   Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net),
	   David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug MacEachern (dougm@open‐
	   group.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org), ...and many many
	   more..

       A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO

       CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm

       SYNOPSIS
       ABSTRACT
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR INFORMATION
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO

       CGI::Carp, CGI::Carp - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or other)
       error log

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES
       MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW
	   Changing the default message
       MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS
       OVERRIDING THE NAME OF THE PROGRAM
       AUTHORS
       SEE ALSO

       CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       USING CGI::Cookie
	   1. expiration date, 2. domain, 3. path, 4. secure flag

	   Creating New Cookies
	   Sending the Cookie to the Browser
	   Recovering Previous Cookies
	   Manipulating Cookies
	       name(), value(), domain(), path(), expires()

       AUTHOR INFORMATION
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO

       CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE
       WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS
       INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS
       USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS
       EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION
	   FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE

       CAVEATS
       AUTHOR INFORMATION
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO

       CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Tags that won't be formatted
	   Customizing the Indenting
       BUGS
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       USING CGI::Push
	   -next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires,
	   -nph

	   Heterogeneous Pages
	   Changing the Page Delay on the Fly
       INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS
       AUTHOR INFORMATION
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO

       CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch

       SYNOPSIS
       ABSTRACT
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR INFORMATION
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO

       CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR INFORMATION
       SEE ALSO

       CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites

       SYNOPSIS
       STATUS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Interactive Mode
	       Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules,
	       make, test, install, clean modules or distributions, get,
	       readme, perldoc, look module or distribution, ls author, ls
	       globbing_expresion, Signals

	   CPAN::Shell
	   autobundle
	   recompile
	   The four "CPAN::*" Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution
	   Programmer's interface
	       expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples

	   Methods in the other Classes
	       CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(),
	       CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(),
	       CPAN::Author::name(), CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bun‐
	       dle::as_string(), CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::con‐
	       tains(), CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bun‐
	       dle::get(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_ver‐
	       sion(), CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(),
	       CPAN::Bundle::make(), CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bun‐
	       dle::test(), CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribu‐
	       tion::as_string(), CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribu‐
	       tion::containsmods(), CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(),
	       CPAN::Distribution::dir(), CPAN::Distribu‐
	       tion::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(),
	       CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(),
	       CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(),
	       CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(),
	       CPAN::Distribution::perldoc(), CPAN::Distribution::test(),
	       CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(), CPAN::Index::force_reload(),
	       CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(), CPAN::Mod‐
	       ule::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(), CPAN::Mod‐
	       ule::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(), CPAN::Mod‐
	       ule::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(), CPAN::Mod‐
	       ule::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args),
	       CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(), CPAN::Mod‐
	       ule::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(), CPAN::Mod‐
	       ule::look(), CPAN::Module::make(), CPAN::Module::manpage_head‐
	       line(), CPAN::Module::readme(), CPAN::Module::perldoc(),
	       CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Mod‐
	       ule::userid()

	   Cache Manager
	   Bundles
	   Prerequisites
	   Finding packages and VERSION
	   Debugging
	   Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode
       CONFIGURATION
	   "o conf <scalar option>", "o conf <scalar option> <value>", "o conf
	   <list option>", "o conf <list option> [shift⎪pop]", "o conf <list
	   option> [unshift⎪push⎪splice] <list>"

	   Note on urllist parameter's format
	   urllist parameter has CD-ROM support
       SECURITY
	   Cryptographically signed modules
       EXPORT
       POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES
       WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS
	   Three basic types of firewalls
	       http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Mas‐
	       querade

	   Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall
       FAQ 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10), 11)

       BUGS
       AUTHOR
       TRANSLATIONS
       SEE ALSO

       CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       CPAN::Version - utility functions to compare CPAN versions

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS module

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       SEE ALSO

       Carp, carp    - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Forcing a Stack Trace
       GLOBAL VARIABLES
	   $Carp::CarpLevel
	   $Carp::MaxEvalLen
	   $Carp::MaxArgLen
	   $Carp::MaxArgNums
	   $Carp::Verbose
       BUGS

       Carp::Heavy - heavy machinery, no user serviceable parts inside

       Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       FUNCTIONS
	   the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function
	   Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function
	   Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS)

       CAUTIONARY NOTES
       COPYRIGHT
       AUTHOR

       Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   The "struct()" function
	   Class Creation at Compile Time
	   Element Types and Accessor Methods
	       Scalar ('$' or '*$'), Array ('@' or '*@'), Hash ('%' or '*%'),
	       Class ('Class_Name' or '*Class_Name')

	   Initializing with "new"
       EXAMPLES
	   Example 1, Example 2, Example 3

       Author and Modification History

       Config - access Perl configuration information

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   myconfig(), config_sh(), config_re($regex), config_vars(@names)

       EXAMPLE
       WARNING
       GLOSSARY
	   _   "_a", "_exe", "_o"

	   a   "afs", "afsroot", "alignbytes", "ansi2knr", "aphostname",
	       "api_revision", "api_subversion", "api_version", "api_version‐
	       string", "ar", "archlib", "archlibexp", "archname64", "arch‐
	       name", "archobjs", "asctime_r_proto", "awk"

	   b   "baserev", "bash", "bin", "binexp", "bison", "byacc", "byte‐
	       order"

	   c   "c", "castflags", "cat", "cc", "cccdlflags", "ccdlflags",
	       "ccflags", "ccflags_uselargefiles", "ccname", "ccsymbols",
	       "ccversion", "cf_by", "cf_email", "cf_time", "charsize",
	       "chgrp", "chmod", "chown", "clocktype", "comm", "compress",
	       "contains", "cp", "cpio", "cpp", "cpp_stuff", "cppccsymbols",
	       "cppflags", "cpplast", "cppminus", "cpprun", "cppstdin", "cpp‐
	       symbols", "crypt_r_proto", "cryptlib", "csh", "cter‐
	       mid_r_proto", "ctime_r_proto"

	   d   "d__fwalk", "d_access", "d_accessx", "d_aintl", "d_alarm",
	       "d_archlib", "d_asctime_r", "d_atolf", "d_atoll",
	       "d_attribute_format", "d_attribute_malloc", "d_attribute_non‐
	       null", "d_attribute_noreturn", "d_attribute_pure",
	       "d_attribute_unused", "d_attribute_warn_unused_result",
	       "d_bcmp", "d_bcopy", "d_bsd", "d_bsdgetpgrp", "d_bsdsetpgrp",
	       "d_bzero", "d_casti32", "d_castneg", "d_charvspr", "d_chown",
	       "d_chroot", "d_chsize", "d_class", "d_clearenv", "d_closedir",
	       "d_cmsghdr_s", "d_const", "d_copysignl", "d_crypt",
	       "d_crypt_r", "d_csh", "d_ctermid_r", "d_ctime_r", "d_cuserid",
	       "d_dbl_dig", "d_dbminitproto", "d_difftime", "d_dirfd",
	       "d_dirnamlen", "d_dlerror", "d_dlopen", "d_dlsymun",
	       "d_dosuid", "d_drand48_r", "d_drand48proto", "d_dup2", "d_eac‐
	       cess", "d_endgrent", "d_endgrent_r", "d_endhent", "d_endhos‐
	       tent_r", "d_endnent", "d_endnetent_r", "d_endpent", "d_endpro‐
	       toent_r", "d_endpwent", "d_endpwent_r", "d_endsent", "d_endser‐
	       vent_r", "d_eofnblk", "d_eunice", "d_faststdio", "d_fchdir",
	       "d_fchmod", "d_fchown", "d_fcntl", "d_fcntl_can_lock",
	       "d_fd_macros", "d_fd_set", "d_fds_bits", "d_fgetpos",
	       "d_finite", "d_finitel", "d_flexfnam", "d_flock", "d_flock‐
	       proto", "d_fork", "d_fp_class", "d_fpathconf", "d_fpclass",
	       "d_fpclassify", "d_fpclassl", "d_fpos64_t", "d_frexpl",
	       "d_fs_data_s", "d_fseeko", "d_fsetpos", "d_fstatfs",
	       "d_fstatvfs", "d_fsync", "d_ftello", "d_ftime", "d_futimes",
	       "d_Gconvert", "d_getcwd", "d_getespwnam", "d_getfsstat",
	       "d_getgrent", "d_getgrent_r", "d_getgrgid_r", "d_getgrnam_r",
	       "d_getgrps", "d_gethbyaddr", "d_gethbyname", "d_gethent",
	       "d_gethname", "d_gethostbyaddr_r", "d_gethostbyname_r",
	       "d_gethostent_r", "d_gethostprotos", "d_getitimer", "d_getlo‐
	       gin", "d_getlogin_r", "d_getmnt", "d_getmntent",
	       "d_getnbyaddr", "d_getnbyname", "d_getnent", "d_getnet‐
	       byaddr_r", "d_getnetbyname_r", "d_getnetent_r", "d_getnetpro‐
	       tos", "d_getpagsz", "d_getpbyname", "d_getpbynumber", "d_get‐
	       pent", "d_getpgid", "d_getpgrp2", "d_getpgrp", "d_getppid",
	       "d_getprior", "d_getprotobyname_r", "d_getprotobynumber_r",
	       "d_getprotoent_r", "d_getprotoprotos", "d_getprpwnam", "d_getp‐
	       went", "d_getpwent_r", "d_getpwnam_r", "d_getpwuid_r", "d_gets‐
	       byname", "d_getsbyport", "d_getsent", "d_getservbyname_r",
	       "d_getservbyport_r", "d_getservent_r", "d_getservprotos",
	       "d_getspnam", "d_getspnam_r", "d_gettimeod", "d_gmtime_r",
	       "d_gnulibc", "d_grpasswd", "d_hasmntopt", "d_htonl",
	       "d_ilogbl", "d_index", "d_inetaton", "d_int64_t", "d_isascii",
	       "d_isfinite", "d_isinf", "d_isnan", "d_isnanl", "d_killpg",
	       "d_lchown", "d_ldbl_dig", "d_link", "d_localtime_r", "d_loc‐
	       conv", "d_lockf", "d_longdbl", "d_longlong", "d_lseekproto",
	       "d_lstat", "d_madvise", "d_malloc_size", "d_malloc_good_size",
	       "d_mblen", "d_mbstowcs", "d_mbtowc", "d_memchr", "d_memcmp",
	       "d_memcpy", "d_memmove", "d_memset", "d_mkdir", "d_mkdtemp",
	       "d_mkfifo", "d_mkstemp", "d_mkstemps", "d_mktime", "d_mmap",
	       "d_modfl", "d_modfl_pow32_bug", "d_modflproto", "d_mprotect",
	       "d_msg", "d_msg_ctrunc", "d_msg_dontroute", "d_msg_oob",
	       "d_msg_peek", "d_msg_proxy", "d_msgctl", "d_msgget",
	       "d_msghdr_s", "d_msgrcv", "d_msgsnd", "d_msync", "d_munmap",
	       "d_mymalloc", "d_nanosleep", "d_nice", "d_nl_langinfo",
	       "d_nv_preserves_uv", "d_nv_zero_is_allbits_zero", "d_off64_t",
	       "d_old_pthread_create_joinable", "d_oldpthreads", "d_oldsock",
	       "d_open3", "d_pathconf", "d_pause", "d_perl_otherlibdirs",
	       "d_phostname", "d_pipe", "d_poll", "d_portable", "d_PRId64",
	       "d_PRIeldbl", "d_PRIEUldbl", "d_PRIfldbl", "d_PRIFUldbl",
	       "d_PRIgldbl", "d_PRIGUldbl", "d_PRIi64", "d_PRIo64",
	       "d_PRIu64", "d_PRIx64", "d_PRIXU64", "d_procselfexe",
	       "d_pthread_atfork", "d_pthread_attr_setscope",
	       "d_pthread_yield", "d_pwage", "d_pwchange", "d_pwclass",
	       "d_pwcomment", "d_pwexpire", "d_pwgecos", "d_pwpasswd",
	       "d_pwquota", "d_qgcvt", "d_quad", "d_random_r", "d_read‐
	       dir64_r", "d_readdir", "d_readdir_r", "d_readlink", "d_readv",
	       "d_recvmsg", "d_rename", "d_rewinddir", "d_rmdir",
	       "d_safebcpy", "d_safemcpy", "d_sanemcmp", "d_sbrkproto",
	       "d_scalbnl", "d_sched_yield", "d_scm_rights", "d_SCNfldbl",
	       "d_seekdir", "d_select", "d_sem", "d_semctl", "d_sem‐
	       ctl_semid_ds", "d_semctl_semun", "d_semget", "d_semop",
	       "d_sendmsg", "d_setegid", "d_seteuid", "d_setgrent", "d_set‐
	       grent_r", "d_setgrps", "d_sethent", "d_sethostent_r",
	       "d_setitimer", "d_setlinebuf", "d_setlocale", "d_setlocale_r",
	       "d_setnent", "d_setnetent_r", "d_setpent", "d_setpgid",
	       "d_setpgrp2", "d_setpgrp", "d_setprior", "d_setproctitle",
	       "d_setprotoent_r", "d_setpwent", "d_setpwent_r", "d_setregid",
	       "d_setresgid", "d_setresuid", "d_setreuid", "d_setrgid",
	       "d_setruid", "d_setsent", "d_setservent_r", "d_setsid",
	       "d_setvbuf", "d_sfio", "d_shm", "d_shmat", "d_shmatprototype",
	       "d_shmctl", "d_shmdt", "d_shmget", "d_sigaction", "d_sigproc‐
	       mask", "d_sigsetjmp", "d_sockatmark", "d_sockatmarkproto",
	       "d_socket", "d_socklen_t", "d_sockpair", "d_socks5_init",
	       "d_sprintf_returns_strlen", "d_sqrtl", "d_srand48_r", "d_sran‐
	       dom_r", "d_sresgproto", "d_sresuproto", "d_statblks",
	       "d_statfs_f_flags", "d_statfs_s", "d_statvfs",
	       "d_stdio_cnt_lval", "d_stdio_ptr_lval",
	       "d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt", "d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt",
	       "d_stdio_stream_array", "d_stdiobase", "d_stdstdio",
	       "d_strchr", "d_strcoll", "d_strctcpy", "d_strerrm", "d_str‐
	       error", "d_strerror_r", "d_strftime", "d_strlcat", "d_strlcpy",
	       "d_strtod", "d_strtol", "d_strtold", "d_strtoll", "d_strtoq",
	       "d_strtoul", "d_strtoull", "d_strtouq", "d_strxfrm", "d_suid‐
	       safe", "d_symlink", "d_syscall", "d_syscallproto", "d_sysconf",
	       "d_sysernlst", "d_syserrlst", "d_system", "d_tcgetpgrp",
	       "d_tcsetpgrp", "d_telldir", "d_telldirproto", "d_time",
	       "d_times", "d_tm_tm_gmtoff", "d_tm_tm_zone", "d_tmpnam_r",
	       "d_truncate", "d_ttyname_r", "d_tzname", "d_u32align",
	       "d_ualarm", "d_umask", "d_uname", "d_union_semun",
	       "d_unordered", "d_unsetenv", "d_usleep", "d_usleepproto",
	       "d_ustat", "d_vendorarch", "d_vendorbin", "d_vendorlib",
	       "d_vendorscript", "d_vfork", "d_void_closedir", "d_voidsig",
	       "d_voidtty", "d_volatile", "d_vprintf", "d_wait4", "d_waitpid",
	       "d_wcstombs", "d_wctomb", "d_writev", "d_xenix", "date",
	       "db_hashtype", "db_prefixtype", "db_version_major", "db_ver‐
	       sion_minor", "db_version_patch", "defvoidused", "direntrytype",
	       "dlext", "dlsrc", "doublesize", "drand01", "drand48_r_proto",
	       "dynamic_ext"

	   e   "eagain", "ebcdic", "echo", "egrep", "emacs", "end‐
	       grent_r_proto", "endhostent_r_proto", "endnetent_r_proto",
	       "endprotoent_r_proto", "endpwent_r_proto", "endser‐
	       vent_r_proto", "eunicefix", "exe_ext", "expr", "extensions",
	       "extras"

	   f   "fflushall", "fflushNULL", "find", "firstmakefile", "flex",
	       "fpossize", "fpostype", "freetype", "from", "full_ar",
	       "full_csh", "full_sed"

	   g   "gccansipedantic", "gccosandvers", "gccversion", "get‐
	       grent_r_proto", "getgrgid_r_proto", "getgrnam_r_proto", "geth‐
	       ostbyaddr_r_proto", "gethostbyname_r_proto", "gethos‐
	       tent_r_proto", "getlogin_r_proto", "getnetbyaddr_r_proto",
	       "getnetbyname_r_proto", "getnetent_r_proto", "getprotoby‐
	       name_r_proto", "getprotobynumber_r_proto", "getpro‐
	       toent_r_proto", "getpwent_r_proto", "getpwnam_r_proto", "getp‐
	       wuid_r_proto", "getservbyname_r_proto", "getservby‐
	       port_r_proto", "getservent_r_proto", "getspnam_r_proto", "gid‐
	       format", "gidsign", "gidsize", "gidtype", "glibpth", "gmake",
	       "gmtime_r_proto", "gnulibc_version", "grep", "groupcat",
	       "groupstype", "gzip"

	   h   "h_fcntl", "h_sysfile", "hint", "hostcat", "html1dir",
	       "html1direxp", "html3dir", "html3direxp"

	   i   "i16size", "i16type", "i32size", "i32type", "i64size",
	       "i64type", "i8size", "i8type", "i_arpainet", "i_bsdioctl",
	       "i_crypt", "i_db", "i_dbm", "i_dirent", "i_dld", "i_dlfcn",
	       "i_fcntl", "i_float", "i_fp", "i_fp_class", "i_gdbm", "i_grp",
	       "i_ieeefp", "i_inttypes", "i_langinfo", "i_libutil", "i_lim‐
	       its", "i_locale", "i_machcthr", "i_malloc", "i_math", "i_mem‐
	       ory", "i_mntent", "i_ndbm", "i_netdb", "i_neterrno",
	       "i_netinettcp", "i_niin", "i_poll", "i_prot", "i_pthread",
	       "i_pwd", "i_rpcsvcdbm", "i_sfio", "i_sgtty", "i_shadow",
	       "i_socks", "i_stdarg", "i_stddef", "i_stdlib", "i_string",
	       "i_sunmath", "i_sysaccess", "i_sysdir", "i_sysfile", "i_sys‐
	       filio", "i_sysin", "i_sysioctl", "i_syslog", "i_sysmman",
	       "i_sysmode", "i_sysmount", "i_sysndir", "i_sysparam", "i_sys‐
	       resrc", "i_syssecrt", "i_sysselct", "i_syssockio", "i_sysstat",
	       "i_sysstatfs", "i_sysstatvfs", "i_systime", "i_systimek",
	       "i_systimes", "i_systypes", "i_sysuio", "i_sysun", "i_sysut‐
	       sname", "i_sysvfs", "i_syswait", "i_termio", "i_termios",
	       "i_time", "i_unistd", "i_ustat", "i_utime", "i_values",
	       "i_varargs", "i_varhdr", "i_vfork", "ignore_versioned_solibs",
	       "inc_version_list", "inc_version_list_init", "incpath",
	       "inews", "installarchlib", "installbin", "installhtml1dir",
	       "installhtml3dir", "installman1dir", "installman3dir",
	       "installprefix", "installprefixexp", "installprivlib",
	       "installscript", "installsitearch", "installsitebin", "install‐
	       sitehtml1dir", "installsitehtml3dir", "installsitelib",
	       "installsiteman1dir", "installsiteman3dir", "installsite‐
	       script", "installstyle", "installusrbinperl", "installvendo‐
	       rarch", "installvendorbin", "installvendorhtml1dir", "install‐
	       vendorhtml3dir", "installvendorlib", "installvendorman1dir",
	       "installvendorman3dir", "installvendorscript", "intsize",
	       "issymlink", "ivdformat", "ivsize", "ivtype"

	   k   "known_extensions", "ksh"

	   l   "ld", "lddlflags", "ldflags", "ldflags_uselargefiles",
	       "ldlibpthname", "less", "lib_ext", "libc", "libperl", "libpth",
	       "libs", "libsdirs", "libsfiles", "libsfound", "libspath", "lib‐
	       swanted", "libswanted_uselargefiles", "line", "lint",
	       "lkflags", "ln", "lns", "localtime_r_proto", "locincpth",
	       "loclibpth", "longdblsize", "longlongsize", "longsize", "lp",
	       "lpr", "ls", "lseeksize", "lseektype"

	   m   "mail", "mailx", "make", "make_set_make", "mallocobj", "malloc‐
	       src", "malloctype", "man1dir", "man1direxp", "man1ext",
	       "man3dir", "man3direxp", "man3ext"

	   M   "Mcc", "mips_type", "mistrustnm", "mkdir", "mmaptype", "mode‐
	       type", "more", "multiarch", "mv", "myarchname", "mydomain",
	       "myhostname", "myuname"

	   n   "n", "need_va_copy", "netdb_hlen_type", "netdb_host_type",
	       "netdb_name_type", "netdb_net_type", "nm", "nm_opt",
	       "nm_so_opt", "nonxs_ext", "nroff", "nv_preserves_uv_bits",
	       "nveformat", "nvEUformat", "nvfformat", "nvFUformat", "nvgfor‐
	       mat", "nvGUformat", "nvsize", "nvtype"

	   o   "o_nonblock", "obj_ext", "old_pthread_create_joinable", "opti‐
	       mize", "orderlib", "osname", "osvers", "otherlibdirs"

	   p   "package", "pager", "passcat", "patchlevel", "path_sep",
	       "perl5", "perl", "perl_patchlevel"

	   P   "PERL_REVISION", "PERL_SUBVERSION", "PERL_VERSION", "perlad‐
	       min", "perllibs", "perlpath", "pg", "phostname", "pidtype",
	       "plibpth", "pmake", "pr", "prefix", "prefixexp", "privlib",
	       "privlibexp", "procselfexe", "prototype", "ptrsize"

	   q   "quadkind", "quadtype"

	   r   "randbits", "randfunc", "random_r_proto", "randseedtype", "ran‐
	       lib", "rd_nodata", "readdir64_r_proto", "readdir_r_proto",
	       "revision", "rm", "rmail", "run", "runnm"

	   s   "sched_yield", "scriptdir", "scriptdirexp", "sed", "seedfunc",
	       "selectminbits", "selecttype", "sendmail", "setgrent_r_proto",
	       "sethostent_r_proto", "setlocale_r_proto", "setnetent_r_proto",
	       "setprotoent_r_proto", "setpwent_r_proto", "setser‐
	       vent_r_proto", "sh", "shar", "sharpbang", "shmattype", "short‐
	       size", "shrpenv", "shsharp", "sig_count", "sig_name",
	       "sig_name_init", "sig_num", "sig_num_init", "sig_size", "sig‐
	       nal_t", "sitearch", "sitearchexp", "sitebin", "sitebinexp",
	       "sitehtml1dir", "sitehtml1direxp", "sitehtml3dir", "site‐
	       html3direxp", "sitelib", "sitelib_stem", "sitelibexp", "site‐
	       man1dir", "siteman1direxp", "siteman3dir", "siteman3direxp",
	       "siteprefix", "siteprefixexp", "sitescript", "sitescriptexp",
	       "sizesize", "sizetype", "sleep", "smail", "so", "sockethdr",
	       "socketlib", "socksizetype", "sort", "spackage", "spitshell",
	       "sPRId64", "sPRIeldbl", "sPRIEUldbl", "sPRIfldbl", "sPRI‐
	       FUldbl", "sPRIgldbl", "sPRIGUldbl", "sPRIi64", "sPRIo64",
	       "sPRIu64", "sPRIx64", "sPRIXU64", "srand48_r_proto", "sran‐
	       dom_r_proto", "src", "sSCNfldbl", "ssizetype", "startperl",
	       "startsh", "static_ext", "stdchar", "stdio_base", "stdio_buf‐
	       siz", "stdio_cnt", "stdio_filbuf", "stdio_ptr",
	       "stdio_stream_array", "strerror_r_proto", "strings", "submit",
	       "subversion", "sysman"

	   t   "tail", "tar", "targetarch", "tbl", "tee", "test", "timeincl",
	       "timetype", "tmpnam_r_proto", "to", "touch", "tr", "trnl",
	       "troff", "ttyname_r_proto"

	   u   "u16size", "u16type", "u32size", "u32type", "u64size",
	       "u64type", "u8size", "u8type", "uidformat", "uidsign", "uid‐
	       size", "uidtype", "uname", "uniq", "uquadtype",
	       "use5005threads", "use64bitall", "use64bitint", "usecrosscom‐
	       pile", "usedl", "usefaststdio", "useithreads", "uselargefiles",
	       "uselongdouble", "usemallocwrap", "usemorebits", "usemultiplic‐
	       ity", "usemymalloc", "usenm", "useopcode", "useperlio", "use‐
	       posix", "usereentrant", "usesfio", "useshrplib", "usesocks",
	       "usethreads", "usevendorprefix", "usevfork", "usrinc",
	       "uuname", "uvoformat", "uvsize", "uvtype", "uvuformat", "uvx‐
	       format", "uvXUformat"

	   v   "vendorarch", "vendorarchexp", "vendorbin", "vendorbinexp",
	       "vendorhtml1dir", "vendorhtml1direxp", "vendorhtml3dir", "ven‐
	       dorhtml3direxp", "vendorlib", "vendorlib_stem", "vendorlibexp",
	       "vendorman1dir", "vendorman1direxp", "vendorman3dir", "vendor‐
	       man3direxp", "vendorprefix", "vendorprefixexp", "vendorscript",
	       "vendorscriptexp", "version", "version_patchlevel_string",
	       "versiononly", "vi", "voidflags"

	   x   "xlibpth"

	   y   "yacc", "yaccflags"

	   z   "zcat", "zip"

       NOTE

       Cwd - get pathname of current working directory

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   getcwd and friends
	       getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd, getdcwd

	   abs_path and friends
	       abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path

	   $ENV{PWD}
       NOTES
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT
       SEE ALSO

       DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft, subject
       to change)

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Global Variables
		$DB::sub,  %DB::sub,  $DB::single,  $DB::signal,  $DB::trace,  @DB::args,
	       @DB::dbline,  %DB::dbline,  $DB::package,  $DB::filename,  $DB::subname,
	       $DB::lineno

	   API Methods
	       CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING),
	       CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'), CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(),
	       CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()

	   Client Callback Methods
	       CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(),
	       CLIENT->idle(), CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->eval‐
	       code(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(), CLIENT->output(LIST)

       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       DBM_Filter -- Filter DBM keys/values

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       What is a DBM Filter?
	   So what's new?
       METHODS
	   $db->Filter_Push()
	   $db->Filter_Key_Push()
	   $db->Filter_Value_Push()
	       Filter_Push, Filter_Key_Push, Filter_Value_Push

	   $db->Filter_Pop()
	   $db->Filtered()
       Writing a Filter
	   Immediate Filters
	   Canned Filters
	       "name", params

       Filters Included
	   utf8, encode, compress, int32, null

       NOTES
	   Maintain Round Trip Integrity
	   Don't mix filtered & non-filtered data in the same database file.
       EXAMPLE
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   DB_HASH, DB_BTREE, DB_RECNO

	   Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater
	   Interface to Berkeley DB
	   Opening a Berkeley DB Database File
	   Default Parameters
	   In Memory Databases
       DB_HASH
	   A Simple Example
       DB_BTREE
	   Changing the BTREE sort order
	   Handling Duplicate Keys
	   The get_dup() Method
	   The find_dup() Method
	   The del_dup() Method
	   Matching Partial Keys
       DB_RECNO
	   The 'bval' Option
	   A Simple Example
	   Extra RECNO Methods
	       $X->push(list) ;, $value = $X->pop ;, $X->shift,
	       $X->unshift(list) ;, $X->length, $X->splice(offset, length,
	       elements);

	   Another Example
       THE API INTERFACE
	   $status = $X->get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;, $status =
	   $X->put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;, $status = $X->del($key [,
	   $flags]) ;, $status = $X->fd ;, $status = $X->seq($key, $value,
	   $flags) ;, $status = $X->sync([$flags]) ;

       DBM FILTERS
	   filter_store_key, filter_store_value, filter_fetch_key, fil‐
	   ter_fetch_value

	   The Filter
	   An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
	   Another Example -- Key is a C int.
       HINTS AND TIPS
	   Locking: The Trouble with fd
	   Safe ways to lock a database
	       Tie::DB_Lock, Tie::DB_LockFile, DB_File::Lock

	   Sharing Databases With C Applications
	   The untie() Gotcha
       COMMON QUESTIONS
	   Why is there Perl source in my database?
	   How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?
	   What does "Invalid Argument" mean?
	   What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?
       REFERENCES
       HISTORY
       BUGS
       AVAILABILITY
       COPYRIGHT
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both
       printing and "eval"

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Methods
	       PACKAGE->new(ARRAYREF [, ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Dump	or PACK‐
	       AGE->Dump(ARRAYREF [, ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Seen([HASHREF]),
	       $OBJ->Values([ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Names([ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Reset

	   Functions
	       Dumper(LIST)

	   Configuration Variables or Methods
	   Exports
	       Dumper

       EXAMPLES
       BUGS
	   NOTE
       AUTHOR
       VERSION
       SEE ALSO

       Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       PROFILE FORMAT
       AUTOLOAD
       ENVIRONMENT
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO

       Devel::PPPort - Perl/Pollution/Portability

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Why use ppport.h?
	       You should use ppport.h in modern code so that your code will
	       work with the widest range of Perl interpreters possible, with‐
	       out significant additional work.

	   How to use ppport.h
	   Running ppport.h
       FUNCTIONS
	   WriteFile
       COMPATIBILITY
	   Provided Perl compatibility API
	   Perl API not supported by ppport.h
	       perl 5.9.2, perl 5.9.1, perl 5.9.0, perl 5.8.3, perl 5.8.1,
	       perl 5.8.0, perl 5.7.3, perl 5.7.2, perl 5.7.1, perl 5.6.1,
	       perl 5.6.0, perl 5.005_03, perl 5.005, perl 5.004_05, perl
	       5.004_04, perl 5.004

       BUGS
       AUTHORS
       COPYRIGHT
       SEE ALSO

       Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Runtime debugging
	   Memory footprint debugging
       EXAMPLES
	   A simple scalar string
	   A simple scalar number
	   A simple scalar with an extra reference
	   A reference to a simple scalar
	   A reference to an array
	   A reference to a hash
	   Dumping a large array or hash
	   A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer
	   A reference to a subroutine
       EXPORTS
       BUGS
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       Devel::Size - Perl extension for finding the memory usage of Perl vari‐
       ables

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       FUNCTIONS
	   size($ref)
	   total_size($ref)
       EXPORT
       UNDERSTANDING MEMORY ALLOCATION
	   The C library
	   Perl
       DANGERS
       Messages: texts originating from this module.
	   Errors
	   warnings
       BUGS
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT
       SEE ALSO

       Digest - Modules that calculate message digests

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   binary, hex, base64

       OO INTERFACE
	   $ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...),
	   $ctx = Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $other_ctx = $ctx->clone,
	   $ctx->reset, $ctx->add( $data, ... ), $ctx->addfile( $io_handle ),
	   $ctx->add_bits( $data, $nbits ), $ctx->add_bits( $bitstring ),
	   $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest

       Digest speed
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       FUNCTIONS
	   md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...)

       METHODS
	   $md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->clone,
	   $md5->add($data,...), $md5->addfile($io_handle),
	   $md5->add_bits($data, $nbits), $md5->add_bits($bitstring),
	   $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest

       EXAMPLES
       SEE ALSO
       COPYRIGHT
       AUTHORS

       Digest::base - Digest base class

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       SEE ALSO

       Digest::file - Calculate digests of files

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   digest_file( $file, $algorithm, [$arg,...] ), digest_file_hex(
	   $file, $algorithm, [$arg,...] ), digest_file_base64( $file, $algo‐
	   rithm, [$arg,...]  )

       SEE ALSO

       DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       NOTES

       Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Creation
	       "arrayDepth", "hashDepth", "compactDump", "veryCompact",
	       "globPrint", "dumpDBFiles", "dumpPackages", "dumpReused",
	       "tick", "quoteHighBit", "printUndef", "usageOnly", unctrl, sub‐
	       dump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit, stopDbSignal

	   Methods
	       dumpValue, dumpValues, stringify, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unc‐
	       trl, compactDump, veryCompact, set, get

       DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   @dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols,
	   @dl_librefs, @dl_modules, @dl_shared_objects, dl_error(),
	   $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(), dl_load_file(),
	   dl_unload_file(), dl_load_flags(), dl_find_symbol(), dl_find_sym‐
	   bol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(), bootstrap()

       AUTHOR

       DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl
       code

       VERSION
       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Migration from "DynaLoader"
	   Backward compatible boilerplate
       Order of initialization: early load()
	   The most hairy case
       DIAGNOSTICS
	   Can't find '%s' symbol in %s, Can't load '%s' for module %s: %s,
	   Undefined symbols present after loading %s: %s,
	   XSLoader::load('Your::Module', $Your::Module::VERSION)

       LIMITATIONS
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS
       COPYRIGHT

       Encode - character encodings

       SYNOPSIS
	   Table of Contents
       DESCRIPTION
	   TERMINOLOGY
       PERL ENCODING API
	   $octets  = encode(ENCODING, $string [, CHECK]), $string =
	   decode(ENCODING, $octets [, CHECK]), [$length =] from_to($octets,
	   FROM_ENC, TO_ENC [, CHECK]), $octets = encode_utf8($string);,
	   $string = decode_utf8($octets [, CHECK]);

	   Listing available encodings
	   Defining Aliases
       Encoding via PerlIO
       Handling Malformed Data
	   NOTE: Not all encoding support this feature, CHECK =
	   Encode::FB_DEFAULT ( == 0), CHECK = Encode::FB_CROAK ( == 1), CHECK
	   = Encode::FB_QUIET, CHECK = Encode::FB_WARN, perlqq mode (CHECK =
	   Encode::FB_PERLQQ), HTML charref mode (CHECK = Encode::FB_HTML‐
	   CREF), XML charref mode (CHECK = Encode::FB_XMLCREF), The bitmask

	   coderef for CHECK
       Defining Encodings
       The UTF-8 flag
	   Goal #1:, Goal #2:, Goal #3:, Goal #4:

	   Messing with Perl's Internals
	       is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), _utf8_on(STRING), _utf8_off(STRING)

       UTF-8 vs. utf8
       SEE ALSO
       MAINTAINER

       Encode::Alias - alias definitions to encodings

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:,
	   As a code reference, e.g.:

	   Alias overloading
       SEE ALSO

       Encode::Byte - Single Byte Encodings

       SYNOPSIS
       ABSTRACT
       DESCRIPTION
       SEE ALSO

       Encode::CJKConstants -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*

       Encode::CN - China-based Chinese Encodings

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       NOTES
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO

       Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by Encode::CN

       Encode::Config -- internally used by Encode

       Encode::EBCDIC - EBCDIC Encodings

       SYNOPSIS
       ABSTRACT
       DESCRIPTION
       SEE ALSO

       Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation Base Class

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Methods you should implement
	       ->encode($string [,$check]), ->decode($octets [,$check]),
	       ->cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator
	       [,$check])

	   Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
	       ->name, ->renew, ->renewed, ->perlio_ok(), ->needs_lines()

	   Example: Encode::ROT13
       Why the heck Encode API is different?
	   Compiled Encodings
       SEE ALSO
	   Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes

       Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from data

       SYNOPSIS
       ABSTRACT
       DESCRIPTION
	   Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects,
	   Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data),
	   guess_encoding($data, [, list of suspects])

       CAVEATS
       TO DO
       SEE ALSO

       Encode::JP - Japanese Encodings

       SYNOPSIS
       ABSTRACT
       DESCRIPTION
       Note on ISO-2022-JP(-1)?
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO

       Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP*

       Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used by Encode::JP

       Encode::KR - Korean Encodings

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO

       Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally used by Encode::KR

       Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' and 'Q' header encoding

       SYNOPSIS
       ABSTRACT
       DESCRIPTION
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO

       Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document on Encode and PerlIO

       Overview
       How does it work?
       Line Buffering
	   How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
       SEE ALSO

       Encode::Supported -- Encodings supported by Encode

       DESCRIPTION
	   Encoding Names
       Supported Encodings
	   Built-in Encodings
	   Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
	   Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
	       ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto
	       Standard for the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1

	   CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
	       Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan,
	       Encode::KR -- Korea, Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra --
	       More Chinese via CPAN, Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings
	       via CPAN

	   Miscellaneous encodings
	       Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header,
	       Encode::Guess

       Unsupported encodings
	     ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
	   Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
	   System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
	   Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings

       Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
       Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
	   Microsoft-related naming mess
	       KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS

       Glossary
	   character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding
	   scheme (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2,
	   Unicode, UTF, UTF-16

       See Also
       References
	   ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq "ISO-2022"), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by
	   IANA, ISO, RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary

	   Other Notable Sites
	       czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org:
	       "Introduction to i18n"

	   Offline sources
	       "CJKV Information Processing" by Ken Lunde

       Encode::Symbol - Symbol Encodings

       SYNOPSIS
       ABSTRACT
       DESCRIPTION
       SEE ALSO

       Encode::TW - Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       NOTES
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO

       Encode::Unicode -- Various Unicode Transformation Formats

       SYNOPSIS
       ABSTRACT
	   <http://www.unicode.org/glossary/> says:, Quick Reference

       Size, Endianness, and BOM
	   by size
	   by endianness
	       BOM as integer when fetched in network byte order

       Surrogate Pairs
       Error Checking
       SEE ALSO

       Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 encoding

       SYNOPSIS
       ABSTRACT
       In Practice
       SEE ALSO

       Encode::lib::Encode::Alias, Encode::Alias - alias definitions to encod‐
       ings

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:,
	   As a code reference, e.g.:

	   Alias overloading
       SEE ALSO

       Encode::lib::Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CJKConstants.pm -- Inter‐
       nally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*

       Encode::lib::Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by
       Encode::CN

       Encode::lib::Encode::Config, Encode::Config -- internally used by
       Encode

       Encode::lib::Encode::Encoding, Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation
       Base Class

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Methods you should implement
	       ->encode($string [,$check]), ->decode($octets [,$check]),
	       ->cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator
	       [,$check])

	   Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings
	       ->name, ->renew, ->renewed, ->perlio_ok(), ->needs_lines()

	   Example: Encode::ROT13
       Why the heck Encode API is different?
	   Compiled Encodings
       SEE ALSO
	   Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes

       Encode::lib::Encode::Guess, Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from data

       SYNOPSIS
       ABSTRACT
       DESCRIPTION
	   Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects,
	   Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data),
	   guess_encoding($data, [, list of suspects])

       CAVEATS
       TO DO
       SEE ALSO

       Encode::lib::Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by
       Encode::JP::2022_JP*

       Encode::lib::Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used by
       Encode::JP

       Encode::lib::Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally
       used by Encode::KR

       Encode::lib::Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' and
       'Q' header encoding

       SYNOPSIS
       ABSTRACT
       DESCRIPTION
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO

       Encode::lib::Encode::PerlIO, Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document on
       Encode and PerlIO

       Overview
       How does it work?
       Line Buffering
	   How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?
       SEE ALSO

       Encode::lib::Encode::Supported, Encode::Supported -- Encodings sup‐
       ported by Encode

       DESCRIPTION
	   Encoding Names
       Supported Encodings
	   Built-in Encodings
	   Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings
	   Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII
	       ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto
	       Standard for the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1

	   CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)
	       Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan,
	       Encode::KR -- Korea, Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra --
	       More Chinese via CPAN, Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings
	       via CPAN

	   Miscellaneous encodings
	       Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header,
	       Encode::Guess

       Unsupported encodings
	     ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
	   Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
	   System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
	   Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings

       Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology
       Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)
	   Microsoft-related naming mess
	       KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS

       Glossary
	   character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding
	   scheme (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2,
	   Unicode, UTF, UTF-16

       See Also
       References
	   ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq "ISO-2022"), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by
	   IANA, ISO, RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary

	   Other Notable Sites
	       czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org:
	       "Introduction to i18n"

	   Offline sources
	       "CJKV Information Processing" by Ken Lunde

       Encode::lib::Encode::Unicode::UTF7, Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7
       encoding

       SYNOPSIS
       ABSTRACT
       In Practice
       SEE ALSO

       Encode::lib::Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder

       SYNOPSIS
       ABSTRACT
       Description
	   Predefined Methods
	       $e = Encode::Encoder->new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
	       $e->data([$data]), $e->encoding([$encoding]),
	       $e->bytes([$encoding])

	   Example: base64 transcoder
	   Operator Overloading
       SEE ALSO

       Encodencoding, encoding - allows you to write your script in non-ascii
       or non-utf8

       SYNOPSIS
       ABSTRACT
	   Literal Conversions
	   PerlIO layers for "STD(IN⎪OUT)"
	   Implicit upgrading for byte strings
       FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1
	   "NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle

       USAGE
	   use encoding [ENCNAME] ;, use encoding ENCNAME [ STDIN => ENC‐
	   NAME_IN ...] ;, use encoding ENCNAME Filter=>1;, no encoding;

       The Filter Option
	   Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87
       CAVEATS
	   NOT SCOPED
	   DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
	   tr/// with ranges
	       Legend of characters above

       EXAMPLE - Greekperl
       KNOWN PROBLEMS
	   literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format

	   The Logic of :locale
       HISTORY
       SEE ALSO

       Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder

       SYNOPSIS
       ABSTRACT
       Description
	   Predefined Methods
	       $e = Encode::Encoder->new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(),
	       $e->data([$data]), $e->encoding([$encoding]),
	       $e->bytes([$encoding])

	   Example: base64 transcoder
	   Operator Overloading
       SEE ALSO

       English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation vari‐
       ables

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       PERFORMANCE

       Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or
       arrays

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       LIMITATIONS
       AUTHOR

       Errno - System errno constants

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CAVEATS
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       Exporter - Implements default import method for modules

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   How to Export
	   Selecting What To Export
	   How to Import
	       "use ModuleName;", "use ModuleName ();", "use ModuleName
	       qw(...);"

       Advanced features
	   Specialised Import Lists
	   Exporting without using Exporter's import method
	   Exporting without inheriting from Exporter
	   Module Version Checking
	   Managing Unknown Symbols
	   Tag Handling Utility Functions
	   Generating combined tags
	   "AUTOLOAD"ed Constants

       Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in Make‐
       files etc.

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       cat

       eqtime

       rm_rf

       rm_f

       touch

       mv

       cp

       chmod

       mkpath

       test_f

       dos2unix

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       ExtUtils::Command::MM - Commands for the MM's to use in Makefiles

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   test_harness

       pod2man

       warn_if_old_packlist

       perllocal_install

       uninstall

       ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       USAGE
	   IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF

       FUNCTIONS

       constant_types

       XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME

       autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER

       WriteMakefileSnippet

       WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE => VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE, BREAK‐
       OUT_AT, NAMES, C_FILE, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME

       AUTHOR

       ExtUtils::Constant::Base - base class for ExtUtils::Constant objects

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       USAGE

       header

       memEQ_clause args_hashref

       dump_names arg_hashref, ITEM..

       assign arg_hashref, VALUE..

       return_clause arg_hashref, ITEM

       switch_clause arg_hashref, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM..

       params WHAT

       dogfood arg_hashref, ITEM..

       C_constant arg_hashref, ITEM.., name, type, value, macro, default, pre,
       post, def_pre, def_post, utf8, weight

       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       ExtUtils::Constant::Utils - helper functions for ExtUtils::Constant

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       USAGE
	   C_stringify NAME

       perl_stringify NAME

       AUTHOR

       ExtUtils::Constant::XS, ExtUtils::Constant::Base - base class for ExtU‐
       tils::Constant objects

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       @EXPORT
       FUNCTIONS
	   xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(),
	   ccdlflags(), ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules),
	   xsi_body(@modules)

       EXAMPLES
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Functions
	       install

       install_default DISCOURAGED

       uninstall

       pm_to_blib

       _autosplit

       ENVIRONMENT
	   PERL_INSTALL_ROOT

       AUTHOR
       LICENSE

       ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       USAGE
       FUNCTIONS
	   new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), vali‐
	   date(), packlist(), version()

       EXAMPLE
       AUTHOR

       ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   For static extensions, For dynamic extensions at build/link time,
	   For dynamic extensions at load time

	   EXTRALIBS
	   LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
	   BSLOADLIBS
       PORTABILITY
	   VMS implementation
	   Win32 implementation
       SEE ALSO

       ExtUtils::MM - OS adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       ExtUtils::MM_AIX - AIX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Overridden methods
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform-agnostic MM methods

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       METHODS
	   Cross-platform helper methods
       Targets
       Init methods
       Tools
       File::Spec wrappers
       Misc
       AUTHOR

       ExtUtils::MM_BeOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtU‐
       tils::MakeMaker

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       os_flavor

       init_linker

       ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtU‐
       tils::MakeMaker

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   os_flavor

       cflags

       replace_manpage_separator

       init_linker

       ExtUtils::MM_DOS - DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Overridden methods
	       os_flavor

       replace_manpage_separator

       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       ExtUtils::MM_MacOS - once produced Makefiles for MacOS Classic

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtU‐
       tils::MakeMaker

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       os_flavor

       init_platform, platform_constants

       const_cccmd

       static_lib

       dynamic_lib

       ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtU‐
       tils::MakeMaker

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       METHODS
	   init_dist

       init_linker

       os_flavor

       ExtUtils::MM_QNX - QNX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Overridden methods
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       ExtUtils::MM_UWIN - U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Overridden methods
	       os_flavor

       replace_manpage_separator

       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       METHODS
       Methods
	   os_flavor

       c_o (o)

       cflags (o)

       const_cccmd (o)

       const_config (o)

       const_loadlibs (o)

       constants (o)

       depend (o)

       init_DEST

       init_dist

       dist (o)

       dist_basics (o)

       dist_ci (o)

       dist_core (o)

       dist_target

       tardist_target

       zipdist_target

       tarfile_target

       zipfile_target

       uutardist_target

       shdist_target

       dlsyms (o)

       dynamic_bs (o)

       dynamic_lib (o)

       exescan

       extliblist

       find_perl

       fixin

       force (o)

       guess_name

       has_link_code

       init_dirscan

       init_DIRFILESEP

       init_main

       init_others

       init_linker

       init_lib2arch

       init_PERL

       init_platform, platform_constants

       init_PERM

       init_xs

       install (o)

       installbin (o)

       linkext (o)

       lsdir

       macro (o)

       makeaperl (o)

       makefile (o)

       maybe_command

       needs_linking (o)

       nicetext

       parse_abstract

       parse_version

       pasthru (o)

       perl_script

       perldepend (o)

       perm_rw (o)

       perm_rwx (o)

       pm_to_blib

       post_constants (o)

       post_initialize (o)

       postamble (o)

       ppd

       prefixify

       processPL (o)

       quote_paren

       replace_manpage_separator

       cd

       oneliner

       quote_literal

       escape_newlines

       max_exec_len

       static (o)

       static_lib (o)

       staticmake (o)

       subdir_x (o)

       subdirs (o)

       test (o)

       test_via_harness (override)

       test_via_script (override)

       tools_other (o)

       tool_xsubpp (o)

       all_target

       top_targets (o)

       writedoc

       xs_c (o)

       xs_cpp (o)

       xs_o (o)

       SEE ALSO

       ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtU‐
       tils::MakeMaker

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Methods always loaded
	       wraplist

       Methods
	   guess_name (override)

       find_perl (override)

       maybe_command (override)

       pasthru (override)

       pm_to_blib (override)

       perl_script (override)

       replace_manpage_separator

       init_DEST

       init_DIRFILESEP

       init_main (override)

       init_others (override)

       init_platform (override)

       platform_constants

       init_VERSION (override)

       constants (override)

       special_targets

       cflags (override)

       const_cccmd (override)

       tools_other (override)

       init_dist (override)

       c_o (override)

       xs_c (override)

       xs_o (override)

       dlsyms (override)

       dynamic_lib (override)

       static_lib (override)

       extra_clean_files

       zipfile_target, tarfile_target, shdist_target

       install (override)

       perldepend (override)

       makeaperl (override)

       nicetext (override)

       prefixify (override)

       cd

       oneliner

       echo

       quote_literal

       escape_newlines

       max_exec_len

       init_linker

       eliminate_macros

       fixpath

       os_flavor

       AUTHOR

       ExtUtils::MM_VOS - VOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Overridden methods
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtU‐
       tils::MakeMaker

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       Overridden methods
	   dlsyms

       replace_manpage_separator

       maybe_command

       init_DIRFILESEP

       init_others

       init_platform, platform_constants

       special_targets

       static_lib

       dynamic_lib

       extra_clean_files

       init_linker

       perl_script

       xs_o

       pasthru

       oneliner

       cd

       max_exec_len

       os_flavor

       ExtUtils::MM_Win95 - method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Overriden methods
	       xs_c

       xs_cpp

       xs_o

       max_exec_len

       os_flavor

       AUTHOR

       ExtUtils::MY - ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       ExtUtils::MakeMaker - Create a module Makefile

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   How To Write A Makefile.PL
	   Default Makefile Behaviour
	   make test
	   make testdb
	   make install
	   PREFIX and LIB attribute
	   AFS users
	   Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
	   Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
	   Which architecture dependent directory?
	   Using Attributes and Parameters
	       ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CCFLAGS,
	       CONFIG, CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DESTDIR, DIR, DISTNAME, DISTVNAME,
	       DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT, EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE,
	       FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN, FULLPERLRUNINST, FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS,
	       INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS,
	       INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, INSTALLSCRIPT,
	       INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN, INSTALLSITELIB, INSTALLSITE‐
	       MAN1DIR, INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR, INSTALLVENDORARCH, INSTALLVEN‐
	       DORBIN, INSTALLVENDORLIB, INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR, INSTALLVENDOR‐
	       MAN3DIR, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR,
	       INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LD, LDDLFLAGS, LDFROM, LIB,
	       LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE_OLD, MAN1PODS,
	       MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO,
	       NORECURS, NO_META, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERL_CORE,
	       PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLPREFIX,
	       PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, PL_FILES,
	       PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC,
	       PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PM, PRE‐
	       REQ_PRINT, PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX, SIGN, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VEN‐
	       DORPREFIX, VERBINST, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, VERSION_SYM, XS,
	       XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION

	   Additional lowercase attributes
	       clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, postamble,
	       realclean, test, tool_autosplit

	   Overriding MakeMaker Methods
	   The End Of Cargo Cult Programming
	       "MAN3PODS => ' '"

	   Hintsfile support
	   Distribution Support
		  make distcheck,    make skipcheck,	make distclean,	   make manifest,
		 make distdir,	 make disttest,	   make tardist,    make dist,	  make
	       uutardist,    make shdist,    make zipdist,    make ci

	   Module Meta-Data
	   Disabling an extension
	   Other Handy Functions
	       prompt

       ENVIRONMENT
	   PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT, PERL_CORE

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS
       LICENSE

       ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config - Wrapper around Config.pm

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions About MakeMaker

       DESCRIPTION
	   Module Installation
	       How do I keep from installing man pages?, How do I use a module
	       without installing it?

	   Philosophy and History
	       Why not just use <insert other build config tool here>?, What
	       is Module::Build and how does it relate to MakeMaker?, pure
	       perl.   no make, no shell commands, easier to customize,
	       cleaner internals, less cruft

	   Module Writing
	       How do I keep my $VERSION up to date without resetting it manu‐
	       ally?, What's this META.yml thing and how did it get in my MAN‐
	       IFEST?!

	   XS  How to I prevent "object version X.XX does not match bootstrap
	       parameter Y.YY" errors?, How do I make two or more XS files
	       coexist in the same directory?

       PATCHING
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial - Writing a module with MakeMaker

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   The Mantra
	   The Layout
	       Makefile.PL, MANIFEST, lib/, t/, Changes, README, INSTALL, MAN‐
	       IFEST.SKIP, bin/

       SEE ALSO

       ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes - Version-agnostic bytes.pm

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish - Platform-agnostic vmsish.pm

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Functions
	       mkmanifest

       manifind

       manicheck

       filecheck

       fullcheck

       skipcheck

       maniread

       manicopy

       maniadd

       MANIFEST
       MANIFEST.SKIP
       EXPORT_OK
       GLOBAL VARIABLES
       DIAGNOSTICS
	   "Not in MANIFEST:" file, "Skipping" file, "No such file:" file,
	   "MANIFEST:" $!, "Added to MANIFEST:" file

       ENVIRONMENT
	   PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       SEE ALSO

       ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic extension

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME

       AUTHOR
       REVISION

       ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       USAGE
       FUNCTIONS
	   new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()

       EXAMPLE
       AUTHOR

       ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR

       Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       NOTE
       EXPORTED SYMBOLS

       File::Basename - Parse file paths into directory, filename and suffix.

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       "fileparse"

       "basename"

       "dirname"

       "fileparse_set_fstype"

       SEE ALSO

       File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR
       HISTORY

       File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       RETURN
       AUTHOR

       File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Special behaviour if "syscopy" is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32)
	       rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])

       RETURN
       NOTES
       AUTHOR

       File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       NOTES
       EXPORTS (by request only)
       BUGS
       AUTHOR
       HISTORY
       SEE ALSO

       File::Find - Traverse a directory tree.

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   find, finddepth

	   %options
	       "wanted", "bydepth", "preprocess", "postprocess", "follow",
	       "follow_fast", "follow_skip", "dangling_symlinks", "no_chdir",
	       "untaint", "untaint_pattern", "untaint_skip"

	   The wanted function
	       $File::Find::dir is the current directory name,, $_ is the cur‐
	       rent filename within that directory, $File::Find::name is the
	       complete pathname to the file

       WARNINGS
       CAVEAT
	   $dont_use_nlink, symlinks

       NOTES
       BUGS AND CAVEATS
       HISTORY

       File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   META CHARACTERS
	   POSIX FLAGS
	       "GLOB_ERR", "GLOB_LIMIT", "GLOB_MARK", "GLOB_NOCASE",
	       "GLOB_NOCHECK", "GLOB_NOSORT", "GLOB_BRACE", "GLOB_NOMAGIC",
	       "GLOB_QUOTE", "GLOB_TILDE", "GLOB_CSH", "GLOB_ALPHASORT"

       DIAGNOSTICS
	   "GLOB_NOSPACE", "GLOB_ABEND"

       NOTES
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       File::Path - create or remove directory trees

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       DIAGNOSTICS
       AUTHORS

       File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       METHODS
	   canonpath, catdir, catfile, curdir, devnull, rootdir, tmpdir,
	   updir, no_upwards, case_tolerant, file_name_is_absolute, path,
	   join, splitpath, splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs()

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       File::Spec::Cygwin - methods for Cygwin file specs

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       canonpath

       file_name_is_absolute

       tmpdir (override)

       COPYRIGHT

       File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       canonpath()

       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT
       SEE ALSO

       File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Exports
       COPYRIGHT
       SEE ALSO

       File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic)

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       METHODS
	   canonpath

       catdir()

       catfile

       curdir

       devnull

       rootdir

       tmpdir

       updir

       file_name_is_absolute

       path

       splitpath

       splitdir

       catpath

       abs2rel

       rel2abs

       AUTHORS
       COPYRIGHT
       SEE ALSO

       File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   tmpdir, splitpath

       COPYRIGHT

       File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec mod‐
       ules

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       METHODS
	   canonpath()

       catdir()

       catfile

       curdir

       devnull

       rootdir

       tmpdir

       updir

       no_upwards

       case_tolerant

       file_name_is_absolute

       path

       join

       splitpath

       splitdir

       catpath()

       abs2rel

       rel2abs()

       COPYRIGHT
       SEE ALSO

       File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   canonpath (override)

       catdir (override)

       catfile (override)

       curdir (override)

       devnull (override)

       rootdir (override)

       tmpdir (override)

       updir (override)

       case_tolerant (override)

       path (override)

       file_name_is_absolute (override)

       splitpath (override)

       splitdir (override)

       catpath (override)

       abs2rel (override)

       rel2abs (override)

       COPYRIGHT
       SEE ALSO

       File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   devnull

       tmpdir

       catfile

       canonpath

       splitpath

       splitdir

       catpath

       Note For File::Spec::Win32 Maintainers
       COPYRIGHT
       SEE ALSO

       File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely

       PORTABILITY
       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OBJECT-ORIENTED INTERFACE
	   new

       filename

       unlink_on_destroy

       DESTROY

       FUNCTIONS
	   tempfile

       tempdir

       MKTEMP FUNCTIONS
	   mkstemp

       mkstemps

       mkdtemp

       mktemp

       POSIX FUNCTIONS
	   tmpnam

       tmpfile

       ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
	   tempnam

       UTILITY FUNCTIONS
	   unlink0

       cmpstat

       unlink1

       cleanup

       PACKAGE VARIABLES
	   safe_level, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH

       TopSystemUID

       $KEEP_ALL, $DEBUG

       WARNING
	   Temporary files and NFS
	   Forking
	   BINMODE
       HISTORY
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       BUGS
       NOTE
       AUTHOR

       FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   cacheout EXPR, cacheout MODE, EXPR

       CAVEATS
       BUGS

       FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines

       SEE ALSO

       Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   The Problem
	   A Solution
	   Disabling or changing <no> behaviour
	   All-in-one interface
	   Filtering only specific components of source code
	       "code", "code_no_comments", "executable", "executable_no_com‐
	       ments", "quotelike", "string", "regex", "all"

	   Filtering only the code parts of source code
	       Most source code ceases to be grammatically correct when it is
	       broken up into the pieces between string literals and regexes.
	       So the 'code' and 'code_no_comments' component filter behave
	       slightly differently from the other partial filters described
	       in the previous section.

	   Using Filter::Simple with an explicit "import" subroutine
	   Using Filter::Simple and Exporter together
	   How it works
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   use Filter::Util::Call
	   import()
	   filter() and anonymous sub
	       $_, $status, filter_read and filter_read_exact, filter_del

       EXAMPLES
	   Example 1: A simple filter.
	   Example 2: Using the context
	   Example 3: Using the context within the filter
	   Example 4: Using filter_del
       Filter::Simple
       AUTHOR
       DATE

       FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXPORTABLE VARIABLES
       KNOWN ISSUES
       KNOWN BUGS
       AUTHORS
       COPYRIGHT

       GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AVAILABILITY
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO

       Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       Command Line Options, an Introduction
       Getting Started with Getopt::Long
	   Simple options
	   A little bit less simple options
	   Mixing command line option with other arguments
	   Options with values
	   Options with multiple values
	   Options with hash values
	   User-defined subroutines to handle options
	   Options with multiple names
	   Case and abbreviations
	   Summary of Option Specifications
	       !, +, s, i, o, f, : type [ desttype ], : number [ desttype ], :
	       + [ desttype ]

       Advanced Possibilities
	   Object oriented interface
	   Thread Safety
	   Documentation and help texts
	   Storing option values in a hash
	   Bundling
	   The lonesome dash
	   Argument callback
       Configuring Getopt::Long
	   default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat,
	   gnu_getopt, require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled),
	   bundling_override (default: disabled), ignore_case  (default:
	   enabled), ignore_case_always (default: disabled), auto_version
	   (default:disabled), auto_help (default:disabled), pass_through
	   (default: disabled), prefix, prefix_pattern, long_prefix_pattern,
	   debug (default: disabled)

       Exportable Methods
	   VersionMessage, "-message", "-msg", "-exitval", "-output", HelpMes‐
	   sage

       Return values and Errors
       Legacy
	   Default destinations
	   Alternative option starters
	   Configuration variables
       Trouble Shooting
	   GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not
	   supplied
	   GetOptions does not split the command line correctly
	   Undefined subroutine &main::GetOptions called
	   How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long?
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER

       Getopt::Std, getopt, getopts - Process single-character switches with
       switch clustering

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       "--help" and "--version"

       Hash::Util - A selection of general-utility hash subroutines

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Restricted hashes
	       lock_keys, unlock_keys

       lock_value, unlock_value

       lock_hash, unlock_hash

       hash_seed

       CAVEATS
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current
       locale

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language tags

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       the function is_language_tag($lang1)

       the function extract_language_tags($whatever)

       the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)

       the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)

       the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2)

       the function super_languages($lang1)

       the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier)

       the function encode_language_tag($lang1)

       the function alternate_language_tags($lang1)

       the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages)

       the function implicate_supers( ...languages... ), the function impli‐
       cate_supers_strictly( ...languages... )

       ABOUT LOWERCASING
       ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS
       SEE ALSO
       COPYRIGHT
       AUTHOR

       I18N::LangTags::Detect - detect the user's language preferences

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       FUNCTIONS
       ENVIRONMENT
       SEE ALSO
       COPYRIGHT
       AUTHOR

       I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS
       LIST OF LANGUAGES
	   {ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme,
	   {ady} : Adyghe, {aa} : Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans,
	   [{afa} : Afro-Asiatic (Other)], {ak} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq}
	   : Albanian, {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : Algonquian languages], [{tut} :
	   Altaic (Other)], {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : Ami, [{apa} : Apache
	   languages], {ar} : Arabic, {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : Arapaho, {arn}
	   : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy} : Armenian, {an} : Aragonese,
	   [{art} : Artificial (Other)], {ast} : Asturian, {as} : Assamese,
	   [{ath} : Athapascan languages], [{aus} : Australian languages],
	   [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {av} : Avaric, {ae} : Avestan,
	   {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, {ban} : Bali‐
	   nese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bm} : Bambara,
	   [{bai} : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu
	   (Other)], {bas} : Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} :
	   Batak (Indonesia), {bej} : Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba,
	   {bn} : Bengali, [{ber} : Berber (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} :
	   Bihari, {bik} : Bikol, {bin} : Bini, {bi} : Bislama, {bs} :
	   Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : Breton, {bug} : Buginese, {bg} : Bul‐
	   garian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : Buriat, {my} : Burmese, {cad} :
	   Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, [{cau} : Caucasian (Other)],
	   {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], [{cai} : Central Ameri‐
	   can Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : Chamic languages],
	   {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} :
	   Cheyenne, {chb} : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} :
	   Chinook Jargon, {chp} : Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church
	   Slavic, {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} : Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} :
	   Cornish, {co} : Corsican, {cr} : Cree, {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : Eng‐
	   lish-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpf} : French-based Cre‐
	   oles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpp} : Portuguese-based Creoles and
	   pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles and pidgins (Other)], {hr} :
	   Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : Czech, {dak} : Dakota,
	   {da} : Danish, {dar} : Dargwa, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default
	   (Fallthru) Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {dv} :
	   Divehi, {doi} : Dogri, {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)],
	   {dua} : Duala, {nl} : Dutch, {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350),
	   {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, {efi} : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyp‐
	   tian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, {en} : English, {enm} : Old
	   English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English (ca.450-1100),
	   {i-enochian} : Enochian (Artificial), {myv} : Erzya, {eo} :
	   Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ee} : Ewe, {ewo} : Ewondo, {fan} :
	   Fang, {fat} : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : Finnish,
	   [{fiu} : Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} :
	   Middle French (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400),
	   {fy} : Frisian, {fur} : Friulian, {ff} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} :
	   Scots Gaelic, {gl} : Gallegan, {lg} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} :
	   Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, {ka} : Georgian, {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle
	   High German (ca.1050-1500), {goh} : Old High German (ca.750-1050),
	   [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : Gilbertese, {gon} : Gondi,
	   {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : Grebo, {grc} : Ancient
	   Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : Gujarati, {gwi}
	   : Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ht} : Haitian, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} :
	   Hawaiian, {he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} :
	   Himachali, {hi} : Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} :
	   Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian, {hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Ice‐
	   landic, {io} : Ido, {ig} : Igbo, {ijo} : Ijo, {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc}
	   : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European (Other)], {id} : Indone‐
	   sian, {inh} : Ingush, {ia} : Interlingua (International Auxiliary
	   Language Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} : Inuktitut, {ik} :
	   Inupiaq, [{ira} : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} : Middle
	   Irish (900-1200), {sga} : Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian
	   languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : Japanese, {jv} : Javanese, {jrb}
	   : Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, {kbd} : Kabardian, {kab} :
	   Kabyle, {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {xal} : Kalmyk, {kam} :
	   Kamba, {kn} : Kannada, {kr} : Kanuri, {krc} : Karachay-Balkar,
	   {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar} : Karen, {ks} : Kashmiri, {csb} : Kashu‐
	   bian, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh, {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer,
	   [{khi} : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese, {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb}
	   : Kimbundu, {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz, {i-klingon} : Klin‐
	   gon, {kv} : Komi, {kg} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} : Korean,
	   {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama,
	   {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} : Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai,
	   {lad} : Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, {lo} : Lao, {la} :
	   Latin, {lv} : Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : Lezghian, {li}
	   : Limburgish, {ln} : Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low Ger‐
	   man, {art-lojban} : Lojban (Artificial), {loz} : Lozi, {lu} :
	   Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} : Luiseno, {lun} : Lunda,
	   {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai, {mk} : Macedo‐
	   nian, {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili, {mak} :
	   Makasar, {mg} : Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} :
	   Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, {mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} :
	   Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori,
	   {mr} : Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari,
	   {mas} : Masai, [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} : Mende, {mic} :
	   Micmac, {min} : Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : Miscella‐
	   neous languages], {moh} : Mohawk, {mdf} : Moksha, {mo} : Moldavian,
	   [{mkh} : Mon-Khmer (Other)], {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos}
	   : Mossi, [{mul} : Multiple languages], [{mun} : Munda languages],
	   {nah} : Nahuatl, {nap} : Neapolitan, {na} : Nauru, {nv} : Navajo,
	   {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele, {ng} : Ndonga, {ne} :
	   Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} : Niger-Kordofanian
	   (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean, {nog} :
	   Nogai, {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {no} :
	   Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk,
	   [{nub} : Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole,
	   {nyo} : Nyoro, {nzi} : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oj} :
	   Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, {om} : Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian;
	   Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} :
	   Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} : Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} :
	   Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} : Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan
	   (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian (ca.600-400 B.C.),
	   [{phi} : Philippine (Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon} : Pohn‐
	   peian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese, [{pra} : Prakrit lan‐
	   guages], {pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} :
	   Quechua, {rm} : Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui,
	   {rar} : Rarotongan, [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa}
	   : Romance (Other)], {ro} : Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi,
	   {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan languages], {sam} : Samaritan
	   Aramaic, {se} : Northern Sami, {sma} : Southern Sami, {smn} : Inari
	   Sami, {smj} : Lule Sami, {sms} : Skolt Sami, [{smi} : Sami lan‐
	   guages (Other)], {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : Sango, {sa}
	   : Sanskrit, {sat} : Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, {sco}
	   : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian,
	   {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo,
	   {sgn-...} : Sign Languages, {bla} : Siksika, {sd} : Sindhi, {si} :
	   Sinhalese, [{sit} : Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : Siouan lan‐
	   guages], {den} : Slave (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], {sk}
	   : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian, {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} :
	   Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} : Sorbian languages, {nso} : North‐
	   ern Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} : South American Indian
	   (Other)], {es} : Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} : Sumerian, {su} :
	   Sundanese, {sus} : Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati, {sv} :
	   Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} :
	   Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao}
	   : Tao, {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} : Telugu, {ter} :
	   Tereno, {tet} : Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} : Tigre,
	   {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} : Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, {tpi}
	   : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau, {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga
	   (Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian, {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou,
	   {tn} : Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, [{tup} : Tupi languages], {tr} :
	   Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928), {crh} : Crimean Turk‐
	   ish, {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} : Twi,
	   {udm} : Udmurt, {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian,
	   {umb} : Umbundu, {und} : Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek,
	   {vai} : Vai, {ve} : Venda, {vi} : Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot}
	   : Votic, [{wak} : Wakashan languages], {wa} : Walloon, {wal} :
	   Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof,
	   {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} :
	   Yakut, {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {ii} : Sichuan Yi, {yi} : Yid‐
	   dish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik languages], {znd} : Zande,
	   [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu,
	   {zun} : Zuni

       SEE ALSO
       COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
       AUTHOR

       I18N::Langinfo - query locale information

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   EXPORT
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

       IO - load various IO modules

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       DEPRECATED

       IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell
	   (), rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTOR
	   new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile

       METHODS
	   open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ), bin‐
	   mode( [LAYER] )

       NOTE
       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTOR
	   new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )

       METHODS
	   $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
	   $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ),
	   $io->error, $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush (
	   ARGS ), $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint

       NOTE
       SEE ALSO
       BUGS
       HISTORY

       IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTOR
	   new ( [READER, WRITER] )

       METHODS
	   reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       METHODS
	   mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ),
	   remove ( IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0
	   (SEEK_SET), WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek(
	   POS, WHENCE ), $io->tell

       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTOR
	   new ( [ HANDLES ] )

       METHODS
	   add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles,
	   can_read ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception
	   ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION
	   [, TIMEOUT ] )

       EXAMPLE
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTOR
	   new ( [ARGS] )

       METHODS
	   accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, con‐
	   nected, protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, time‐
	   out([VAL])

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTOR
	   new ( [ARGS] )

	   METHODS
	       sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport
	       (), peerhost ()

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTOR
	   new ( [ARGS] )

       METHODS
	   hostpath(), peerpath()

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell
	   (), rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTOR
	   new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile

       METHODS
	   open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ), bin‐
	   mode( [LAYER] )

       NOTE
       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTOR
	   new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )

       METHODS
	   $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines,
	   $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ),
	   $io->error, $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush (
	   ARGS ), $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint

       NOTE
       SEE ALSO
       BUGS
       HISTORY

       IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTOR
	   new ( [READER, WRITER] )

       METHODS
	   reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       METHODS
	   mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ),
	   remove ( IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O
       objects

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0
	   (SEEK_SET), WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek(
	   POS, WHENCE ), $io->tell

       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system
       call

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTOR
	   new ( [ HANDLES ] )

       METHODS
	   add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles,
	   can_read ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception
	   ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION
	   [, TIMEOUT ] )

       EXAMPLE
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communica‐
       tions

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTOR
	   new ( [ARGS] )

       METHODS
	   accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, con‐
	   nected, protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, time‐
	   out([VAL])

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for
       AF_INET domain sockets

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTOR
	   new ( [ARGS] )

	   METHODS
	       sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport
	       (), peerhost ()

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for
       AF_UNIX domain sockets

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTOR
	   new ( [ARGS] )

       METHODS
	   hostpath(), peerpath()

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       METHODS
	   new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ),
	   remove, set ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ),
	   snd ( TYPE, MSG [, FLAGS ] ), stat

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       WARNING
       SEE ALSO

       IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error han‐
       dling

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       WARNING

       IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       METHODS
	   new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM
	   ), getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set
	   ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall (
	   VALUES ), setval ( N , VALUE ), stat

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   ftok( PATH, ID )

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS
       COPYRIGHT

       IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       METHODS
	   new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ),
	   remove, set ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ),
	   snd ( TYPE, MSG [, FLAGS ] ), stat

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       METHODS
	   new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM
	   ), getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set
	   ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall (
	   VALUES ), setval ( N , VALUE ), stat

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST,
	   reduce BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST

       KNOWN BUGS
       SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
       COPYRIGHT

       List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of general-utility
       list subroutines

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST,
	   reduce BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST

       KNOWN BUGS
       SUGGESTED ADDITIONS
       COPYRIGHT

       List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of general-util‐
       ity scalar subroutines

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR,
	   looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR,
	   set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF

       KNOWN BUGS
       COPYRIGHT
       BLATANT PLUG

       Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
       SEE ALSO
	   Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency

       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166)

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   alpha-2, alpha-3, numeric

       CONVERSION ROUTINES
	   code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET
	   ] ), country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )

       QUERY ROUTINES
	   "all_country_codes( [ CODESET ] )", "all_country_names( [ CODESET ]
	   )"

       SEMI-PRIVATE ROUTINES
	   alias_code
	   rename_country
       EXAMPLES
       DOMAIN NAMES
       KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
       SEE ALSO
	   Locale::Language, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, Locale::Sub‐
	   Country, ISO 3166-1, http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-ser‐
	   vices/iso3166ma/index.html, http://www.egt.ie/stan‐
	   dards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html, http://www.cia.gov/cia/publica‐
	   tions/factbook/docs/app-d-1.html

       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency identification
       (ISO 4217)

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   XTS, XXX

       CONVERSION ROUTINES
	   code2currency(), currency2code()

       QUERY ROUTINES
	   "all_currency_codes()", "all_currency_names()"

       EXAMPLES
       KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
       SEE ALSO
	   Locale::Country, Locale::Script, ISO 4217:1995,
	   http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency

       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification
       (ISO 639)

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONVERSION ROUTINES
	   code2language(), language2code()

       QUERY ROUTINES
	   "all_language_codes()", "all_language_names()"

       EXAMPLES
       KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
       SEE ALSO
	   Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988
	   (E/F), http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html

       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       Locale::Maketext - framework for localization

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       QUICK OVERVIEW
       METHODS
	   Construction Methods
	   The "maketext" Method
	       $lh->fail_with or $lh->fail_with(PARAM), $lh->failure_han‐
	       dler_auto

	   Utility Methods
	       $language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number,
	       $singular, $plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plu‐
	       ral, $negative), $language->numf($number), $lan‐
	       guage->sprintf($format, @items), $language->language_tag(),
	       $language->encoding()

	   Language Handle Attributes and Internals
       LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES
       ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON
       BRACKET NOTATION
       AUTO LEXICONS
       CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE
       HOW TO USE MAKETEXT
       SEE ALSO
       COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
       AUTHOR

       Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes
	   A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You
	   The Linguistic View
	   Breaking gettext
	   Replacing gettext
	   Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation
	   Buzzword: Isomorphism
	   Buzzword: Inheritance
	   Buzzword: Concision
	   The Devil in the Details
	   The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites
	   References

       Locale::Script - ISO codes for script identification (ISO 15924)

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   alpha-2, alpha-3, numeric

	   SPECIAL CODES
       CONVERSION ROUTINES
	   code2script( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), script2code( STRING, [ CODESET ]
	   ), script_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )

       QUERY ROUTINES
	   "all_script_codes ( [ CODESET ] )", "all_script_names ( [ CODESET ]
	   )"

       EXAMPLES
       KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
       SEE ALSO
	   Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, Locale::Country, ISO 15924,
	   http://www.evertype.com/standards/iso15924/

       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   encode_base64($str), encode_base64($str, $eol);,
	   decode_base64($str)

       DIAGNOSTICS
	   Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data,
	   Wide character in subroutine entry

       EXAMPLES
       COPYRIGHT
       SEE ALSO

       MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of
       quoted-printable strings

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), encode_qp($str, $eol, $bin‐
	   mode), decode_qp($str);

       COPYRIGHT
       SEE ALSO

       MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable strings

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), encode_qp($str, $eol, $bin‐
	   mode), decode_qp($str);

       COPYRIGHT
       SEE ALSO

       Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Canonical notation
	   Output
	   "mantissa()", "exponent()" and "parts()"
	   Accuracy vs. Precision
	   Rounding
	       ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround
	       ( +$scale ), fround  ( -$scale ) and fround ( 0 )

       METHODS
	   accuracy
	   precision()
       Autocreating constants
	   Math library
	   Using Math::BigInt::Lite
       BUGS
       CAVEATS
	   stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow, precision() vs.
	   accuracy()

       SEE ALSO
       LICENSE
       AUTHORS

       Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer/float math package

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Input, Output

       METHODS
	   config
	   accuracy
	   precision
	   brsft
	   new
	   bnan
	   bzero
	   binf
	   bone
	   is_one()/is_zero()/is_nan()/is_inf()
	   is_pos()/is_neg()
		       $x->is_pos();		       # true if > 0
		       $x->is_neg();		       # true if < 0

	   is_odd()/is_even()/is_int()
	   bcmp
	   bacmp
	   sign
	   digit
	   bneg
	   babs
	   bnorm
	   bnot
	   binc
	   bdec
	   badd
	   bsub
	   bmul
	   bdiv
	   bmod
	   bmodinv
	   bmodpow
	   bpow
	   blsft
	   brsft
	   band
	   bior
	   bxor
	   bnot
	   bsqrt
	   bfac
	   round
	   bround
	   bfround
	   bfloor
	   bceil
	   bgcd
	   blcm
	   exponent
	   mantissa
	   parts
	   copy
	   as_int
	   bsstr
	   as_hex
	   as_bin
       ACCURACY and PRECISION
	   Precision P
	   Accuracy A
	   Fallback F
	   Rounding mode R
	       'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', Precision,
	       Accuracy (significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating num‐
	       bers, Usage, Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings,
	       Rounding, Default values, Remarks

       Infinity and Not a Number
	   oct()/hex(), log(-inf), exp(), cos(), sin(), atan2()

       INTERNALS
	   MATH LIBRARY
	   SIGN
	   mantissa(), exponent() and parts()
       EXAMPLES
	     use Math::BigInt;

       Autocreating constants
       PERFORMANCE
	   Alternative math libraries
	   SUBCLASSING
       Subclassing Math::BigInt
       UPGRADING
	   Auto-upgrade
	       bsqrt(), div(), blog()

       BUGS
	   broot() does not work, Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl
	   prior 5.6.0

       CAVEATS
	   bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity handling,
	   Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object
	   types, bsqrt(), brsft()

       LICENSE
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS

       Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       STORAGE
       METHODS
       WRAP YOUR OWN
       LICENSE
	   This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or mod‐
	   ify it under the same terms as Perl itself.

       AUTHORS
       SEE ALSO

       Math::BigInt::CalcEmu - Emulate low-level math with BigInt code

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       METHODS
	   __emu_bxor
	   __emu_band
	   __emu_bior
       LICENSE
	   This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or mod‐
	   ify it under the same terms as Perl itself.

       AUTHORS
       SEE ALSO

       Math::BigRat - Arbitrary big rational numbers

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   MATH LIBRARY
       METHODS
	   new()
	   numerator()
	   denominator()
		       $d = $x->denominator();

	   parts()
	   as_int()
	   as_hex()
	   as_bin()
	   bfac()
	   blog()
	   bround()/round()/bfround()
	   bmod()
	   is_one()
	   is_zero()
	   is_pos()
	   is_neg()
	   is_int()
	   is_odd()
	   is_even()
	   bceil()
	   bfloor()
		       $x->bfloor();

	   bsqrt()
		       $x->bsqrt();

	   config
       BUGS
	   inf handling (partial), NaN handling (partial), rounding (not
	   implemented except for bceil/bfloor), $x ** $y where $y is not an
	   integer, bmod(), blog(), bmodinv() and bmodpow() (partial)

       LICENSE
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS

       Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical functions

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OPERATIONS
       CREATION
       DISPLAYING
	   CHANGED IN PERL 5.6
       USAGE
       ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO
       ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS
       BUGS
       AUTHORS

       Math::Trig - trigonometric functions

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
	   tan

	   ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO
	   SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS
       PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS
       RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS
	   COORDINATE SYSTEMS
	   3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS
	       cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindri‐
	       cal_to_cartesian, cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_carte‐
	       sian, spherical_to_cylindrical

       GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS
       EXAMPLES
	   CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS
       BUGS
       AUTHORS

       Memoize - Make functions faster by trading space for time

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       DETAILS
       OPTIONS
	   INSTALL
	   NORMALIZER
	   "SCALAR_CACHE", "LIST_CACHE"
	       "MEMORY", "HASH", "TIE", "FAULT", "MERGE"

       OTHER FACILITIES
	   "unmemoize"
	   "flush_cache"
       CAVEATS
       PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT
       EXPIRATION SUPPORT
       BUGS
       MAILING LIST
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
       THANK YOU

       Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for
       Storable use

       DESCRIPTION

       Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of memoized
       values

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       INTERFACE
	    TIEHASH,  EXISTS,  STORE

       ALTERNATIVES
       CAVEATS
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       Memoize::ExpireFile - test for Memoize expiration semantics

       DESCRIPTION

       Memoize::ExpireTest - test for Memoize expiration semantics

       DESCRIPTION

       Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for Storable
       use

       DESCRIPTION

       Memoize::SDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for Storable
       use

       DESCRIPTION

       Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database

       DESCRIPTION

       NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   "O_RDONLY", "O_WRONLY", "O_RDWR"

       DIAGNOSTICS
	   "ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ..."
       BUGS AND WARNINGS

       NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT (et al) that allows method redis‐
       patch

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Enforcing redispatch
	   Avoiding repetitions
	   Invoking all versions of a method with a single call
	   Using "EVERY" methods
       AUTHOR
       BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
       COPYRIGHT

       Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc)

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       USER METHODS
	   debug ( VALUE ), message (), code (), ok (), status (), datasend (
	   DATA ), dataend ()

       CLASS METHODS
	   debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [,
	   ARGS, ...  ]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT
	   ), getline (), ungetline ( TEXT ), rawdatasend ( DATA ),
	   read_until_dot (), tied_fh ()

       EXPORTS
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet

       SYNOPSYS
       DESCRIPTION
       METHODS
	   requires_firewall HOST

       NetConfig VALUES
	   nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts, day‐
	   time_hosts, time_hosts, inet_domain, ftp_firewall, ftp_fire‐
	   wall_type, ftp_ext_passive, ftp_int_pasive, local_netmask,
	   test_hosts, test_exists

       Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name and
       domain

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   hostfqdn (), hostname (), hostdomain ()

       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       Net::FTP - FTP Client class

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OVERVIEW
       CONSTRUCTOR
	   new ([ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])

       METHODS
	   login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [,
	   RESP]]), site (ARGS), ascii, binary, rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ),
	   delete ( FILENAME ), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart (
	   WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]),
	   alloc ( SIZE [, RECORD_SIZE] ), ls ( [ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ),
	   get ( REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ), put ( LOCAL_FILE [,
	   REMOTE_FILE ] ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), append
	   ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ),
	   size ( FILE ), supported ( CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[
	   BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR ] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr (
	   FILE ), stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( FILE ), port ( [ PORT
	   ] ), pasv (), pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ),
	   pasv_xfer_unique ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ),
	   pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ), abort (), quit ()

	   Methods for the adventurous
	       quot (CMD [,ARGS])

       THE dataconn CLASS
	   read ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), write ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT
	   ] ), bytes_read (), abort (), close ()

       UNIMPLEMENTED
	   SMNT, HELP, MODE, SYST, STAT, STRU, REIN

       REPORTING BUGS
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO
       USE EXAMPLES
	   http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/

       CREDITS
       COPYRIGHT

       Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTOR
	   new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])

       METHODS
	   article ( [ MSGID⎪MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID⎪MSGNUM ], [FH]
	   ), head ( [ MSGID⎪MSGNUM ], [FH] ), articlefh ( [ MSGID⎪MSGNUM ] ),
	   bodyfh ( [ MSGID⎪MSGNUM ] ), headfh ( [ MSGID⎪MSGNUM ] ), nntpstat
	   ( [ MSGID⎪MSGNUM ] ), group ( [ GROUP ] ), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE
	   ]), last (), date (), postok (), authinfo ( USER, PASS ), list (),
	   newgroups ( SINCE [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( SINCE [, GROUPS [,
	   DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (), post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), postfh (), slave
	   (), quit ()

	   Extension methods
	       newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] ), distributions (), subscriptions (),
	       overview_fmt (), active_times (), active ( [ PATTERN ] ), xgti‐
	       tle ( PATTERN ), xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC ), xover ( MES‐
	       SAGE-SPEC ), xpath ( MESSAGE-ID ), xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MES‐
	       SAGE-SPEC), xrover, listgroup ( [ GROUP ] ), reader

       UNSUPPORTED
       DEFINITIONS
	   MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, "[^]-]", *bdc, "[0-9a-zA-Z]",
	   "a??d"

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939)

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTOR
	   new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] 0

       METHODS
	   auth ( USERNAME, PASSWORD ), user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login (
	   [ USER [, PASS ]] ), apop ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), banner (), capa
	   (),	capabilities (), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM
	   ] ), get ( MSGNUM [, FH ] ), getfh ( MSGNUM ), last (), popstat (),
	   ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ MSGNUM ] ), delete ( MSGNUM ), reset (),
	   quit ()

       NOTES
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Functions
	       Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes [, $device [,
	       $tos ]]]]]);, $p->ping($host [, $timeout]);, $p->source_verify(
	       { 0 ⎪ 1 } );, $p->service_check( { 0 ⎪ 1 } );, $p->tcp_ser‐
	       vice_check( { 0 ⎪ 1 } );, $p->hires( { 0 ⎪ 1 } );,
	       $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->open($host);, $p->ack( [ $host ]
	       );, $p->nack( $failed_ack_host );, $p->close();, pingecho($host
	       [, $timeout]);

       NOTES
       INSTALL
       BUGS
       AUTHORS
       COPYRIGHT

       Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXAMPLES
       CONSTRUCTOR
	   new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] )

       METHODS
	   banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), host (), etrn ( DOMAIN ),
	   auth ( USERNAME, PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send (
	   ADDRESS ), send_or_mail ( ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ),
	   reset (), recipient ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS, [...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to
	   ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]]	), cc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ),
	   bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), data ( [ DATA ] ), expand (
	   ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [ $subject ] ), quit ()

       ADDRESSES
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   inet_time ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]), inet_daytime ( [HOST
	   [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]])

       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*() func‐
       tions

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXAMPLES
       NOTE
       AUTHOR

       Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions

       DESCRIPTION
	   Where to get this document
	   How to contribute to this document
       Author and Copyright Information
	   Disclaimer
       Obtaining and installing libnet
	   What is libnet ?
	   Which version of perl do I need ?
	   What other modules do I need ?
	   What machines support libnet ?
	   Where can I get the latest libnet release
       Using Net::FTP
	   How do I download files from an FTP server ?
	   How do I transfer files in binary mode ?
	   How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ?
	   How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP
	   server ?
	   How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ?
	   Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ?
	   How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ?
	   Changing directory to "" does not fail ?
	   I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work
	   ?
	   I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines out‐
	   side ?
	   My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21
	   Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP
	   server ?
	   I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it docu‐
	   mented ?
	   Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods
       Using Net::SMTP
	   Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the
	   hostname ?
	   Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ?
	   The verify method always returns true ?
       Debugging scripts
	   How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ?
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*() functions

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXAMPLES
       NOTE
       AUTHOR

       Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*() func‐
       tions

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       NOTE
       AUTHOR

       Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*() func‐
       tions

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXAMPLES
       NOTE
       AUTHOR

       Netrc, Net::Netrc - OO interface to users netrc file

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       THE .netrc FILE
	   machine name, default, login name, password string, account string,
	   macdef name

       CONSTRUCTOR
	   lookup ( MACHINE [, LOGIN ])

       METHODS
	   login (), password (), account (), lpa ()

       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO
       COPYRIGHT

       O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONVENTIONS
       IMPLEMENTATION
       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   "O_RDONLY", "O_WRONLY", "O_RDWR"

       DIAGNOSTICS
	   "odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ..."
       BUGS AND WARNINGS

       Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       NOTE
       WARNING
       Operator Names and Operator Lists
	   an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated
	   opname or optag, an operator set (opset)

       Opcode Functions
	   opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex
	   (OPSET), full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), ver‐
	   ify_opset (OPSET, ...), define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add
	   (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...), opdump (PAT)

       Manipulating Opsets
       TO DO (maybe)
       Predefined Opcode Tags
	   :base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig,
	   :base_math, :base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db,
	   :browse, :filesys_open, :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess,
	   :others, :still_to_be_decided, :dangerous

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS

       Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compart‐
       ments

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   a new namespace, an operator mask

       WARNING
	   RECENT CHANGES
	   Methods in class Safe
	       permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...),
	       deny_only (OP, ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share
	       (NAME, ...), share_from (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME),
	       reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME), root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)

	   Some Safety Issues
	       Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes

	   AUTHOR

       Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when com‐
       piling

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       SEE ALSO

       POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       NOTE
       CAVEATS
       FUNCTIONS
	   _exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert,
	   atan, atan2, atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil,
	   chdir, chmod, chown, clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh,
	   creat, ctermid, ctime, cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno,
	   execl, execle, execlp, execv, execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs,
	   fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror, fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets,
	   fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf, fprintf, fputc, fputs,
	   fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos, fstat, fsync,
	   ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid,
	   getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid,
	   getppid, getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isal‐
	   pha, isatty, iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct,
	   isspace, isupper, isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, locale‐
	   conv, localtime, log, log10, longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen,
	   mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy, memmove, memset, mkdir,
	   mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open, opendir, pathconf,
	   pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts, qsort,
	   raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, rewind,
	   rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, set‐
	   sid, setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask,
	   sigsetjmp, sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand,
	   sscanf, stat, strcat, strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn,
	   strerror, strftime, strlen, strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk,
	   strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod, strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm,
	   sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain, tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp,
	   tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile, tmpnam, tolower,
	   toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc, unlink,
	   utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs,
	   wctomb, write

       CLASSES
	   POSIX::SigAction
	       new, handler, mask, flags, safe

	   POSIX::SigSet
	       new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember

	   POSIX::Termios
	       new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag,
	       getoflag, getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag,
	       setispeed, setlflag, setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values,
	       Terminal interface values, c_cc field values, c_cflag field
	       values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field values, c_oflag
	       field values

       PATHNAME CONSTANTS
	   Constants

       POSIX CONSTANTS
	   Constants

       SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
	   Constants

       ERRNO
	   Constants

       FCNTL
	   Constants

       FLOAT
	   Constants

       LIMITS
	   Constants

       LOCALE
	   Constants

       MATH
	   Constants

       SIGNAL
	   Constants

       STAT
	   Constants, Macros

       STDLIB
	   Constants

       STDIO
	   Constants

       TIME
	   Constants

       UNISTD
	   Constants

       WAIT
	   Constants, WNOHANG, WUNTRACED, Macros, WIFEXITED, WEXITSTATUS,
	   WIFSIGNALED, WTERMSIG, WIFSTOPPED, WSTOPSIG

       PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::* name
       space

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   :unix, :stdio, :perlio, :crlf, :mmap, :utf8, :bytes, :raw, :pop,
	   :win32

	   Custom Layers
	       :encoding, :via

	   Alternatives to raw
	   Defaults and how to override them
	   Querying the layers of filehandles
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       PerlIO::encoding - encoding layer

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       SEE ALSO

       PerlIO::scalar - in-memory IO, scalar IO

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       IMPLEMENTATION NOTE

       PerlIO::via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXPECTED METHODS
	   $class->PUSHED([$mode[,$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]),
	   $obj->UTF8($bellowFlag,[$fh]), $obj->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]),
	   $obj->BINMODE([,$fh]), $obj->FDOPEN($fd[,$fh]),
	   $obj->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,[,$fh]), $obj->FILENO($fh),
	   $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh),
	   $obj->FILL($fh), $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh),
	   $obj->TELL($fh), $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh),
	   $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh), $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh),
	   $obj->EOF($fh)

       EXAMPLES
	   Example - a Hexadecimal Handle

       PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint - PerlIO layer for quoted-printable strings

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       REQUIRED MODULES
       SEE ALSO
       ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
       COPYRIGHT

       Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors

       SYNOPSIS
       OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS
	   podchecker()
	       -warnings => val

       DESCRIPTION
       DIAGNOSTICS
	   Errors
	       empty =headn, =over on line N without closing =back, =item
	       without previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argu‐
	       ment for =begin, =end without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for
	       without formatter specification, unresolved internal link NAME,
	       Unknown command "CMD", Unknown interior-sequence "SEQ", nested
	       commands CMD<...CMD<...>...>, garbled entity STRING, Entity
	       number out of range, malformed link L<>, nonempty Z<>, empty
	       X<>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s)
	       after =back

	   Warnings
	       multiple occurrence of link target name, line containing noth‐
	       ing but whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with
	       =head, previous =item has no contents, preceding non-item para‐
	       graph(s), =item type mismatch (one vs. two), N unescaped "<>"
	       in paragraph, Unknown entity, No items in =over, No argument
	       for =item, empty section in previous paragraph, Verbatim para‐
	       graph in NAME section, =headn without preceding higher level

	   Hyperlinks
	       ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in
	       '$page' deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-
	       escaped ⎪ or /

       RETURN VALUE
       EXAMPLES
       INTERFACE

       "Pod::Checker->new( %options )"

       "$checker->poderror( @args )", "$checker->poderror( {%opts}, @args )"

       "$checker->num_errors()"

       "$checker->num_warnings()"

       "$checker->name()"

       "$checker->node()"

       "$checker->idx()"

       "$checker->hyperlink()"

       AUTHOR

       Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       "pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )"
	   "-verbose => 1", "-perl => 1", "-script => 1", "-inc => 1"

       "simplify_name( $str )"
       "pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )"
	   "-inc => 1", "-dirs => [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]", "-verbose => 1"

       "contains_pod( $file , $verbose )"
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       ARGUMENTS
	   backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, hiddendirs, htmldir,
	   htmlroot, index, infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, pod‐
	   root, quiet, recurse, title, verbose

       EXAMPLE
       ENVIRONMENT
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO
       COPYRIGHT

       Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs, com‐
       mands, etc.

       SYNOPSIS
       REQUIRES
       EXPORTS
       DESCRIPTION
	   package Pod::InputSource, package Pod::Paragraph, package
	   Pod::InteriorSequence, package Pod::ParseTree

       Pod::InputSource
       new()
       name()
       handle()
       was_cutting()
       Pod::Paragraph
       Pod::Paragraph->new()
       $pod_para->cmd_name()
       $pod_para->text()
       $pod_para->raw_text()
       $pod_para->cmd_prefix()
       $pod_para->cmd_separator()
       $pod_para->parse_tree()
       $pod_para->file_line()
       Pod::InteriorSequence
       Pod::InteriorSequence->new()
       $pod_seq->cmd_name()
       $pod_seq->prepend()
       $pod_seq->append()
       $pod_seq->nested()
       $pod_seq->raw_text()
       $pod_seq->left_delimiter()
       $pod_seq->right_delimiter()
       $pod_seq->parse_tree()
       $pod_seq->file_line()
       Pod::InteriorSequence::DESTROY()
       Pod::ParseTree
       Pod::ParseTree->new()
       $ptree->top()
       $ptree->children()
       $ptree->prepend()
       $ptree->append()
       $ptree->raw_text()
       Pod::ParseTree::DESTROY()
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OBJECT METHODS
	   "initialize"

       Data Accessors
	   AddPreamble

       AddPostamble

       Head1Level

       Label

       LevelNoNum

       MakeIndex

       ReplaceNAMEwithSection

       StartWithNewPage

       TableOfContents

       UniqueLabels

       UserPreamble

       UserPostamble

       Lists

       Subclassed methods

       begin_pod

       end_pod

       command

       verbatim

       textblock

       interior_sequence

       List Methods
	   begin_list

       end_list

       add_item

       Methods for headings
	   head

       Internal methods
	   _output

       _replace_special_chars

       _replace_special_chars_late

       _create_label

       _create_index

       _clean_latex_commands

       _split_delimited

       NOTES
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS
       COPYRIGHT
       REVISION

       Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, name,
	   quotes, release, section

       DIAGNOSTICS
	   roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid link %s,
	   Invalid quote specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph
	   "%s", %s:%d: Unknown escape E<%s>, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code
	   %s, %s:%d: Unmatched =back

       BUGS
       CAVEATS
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

       Pod::ParseLink - Parse an L<> formatting code in POD text

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

       Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       Pod::List
	   Pod::List->new()

       $list->file()

       $list->start()

       $list->indent()

       $list->type()

       $list->rx()

       $list->item()

       $list->parent()

       $list->tag()

       Pod::Hyperlink
	   Pod::Hyperlink->new()

       $link->parse($string)

       $link->markup($string)

       $link->text()

       $link->warning()

       $link->file(), $link->line()

       $link->page()

       $link->node()

       $link->alttext()

       $link->type()

       $link->link()

       Pod::Cache
	   Pod::Cache->new()

       $cache->item()

       $cache->find_page($name)

       Pod::Cache::Item
	   Pod::Cache::Item->new()

       $cacheitem->page()

       $cacheitem->description()

       $cacheitem->path()

       $cacheitem->file()

       $cacheitem->nodes()

       $cacheitem->find_node($name)

       $cacheitem->idx()

       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators

       SYNOPSIS
       REQUIRES
       EXPORTS
       DESCRIPTION
       QUICK OVERVIEW
       PARSING OPTIONS
	   -want_nonPODs (default: unset), -process_cut_cmd (default: unset),
	   -warnings (default: unset)

       RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
       command()
	   $cmd, $text, $line_num, $pod_para

       verbatim()
	   $text, $line_num, $pod_para

       textblock()
	   $text, $line_num, $pod_para

       interior_sequence()
       OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES
       new()
       initialize()
       begin_pod()
       begin_input()
       end_input()
       end_pod()
       preprocess_line()
       preprocess_paragraph()
       METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING
       parse_text()
	   -expand_seq => code-ref⎪method-name, -expand_text => code-
	   ref⎪method-name, -expand_ptree => code-ref⎪method-name

       interpolate()
       parse_paragraph()
       parse_from_filehandle()
       parse_from_file()
       ACCESSOR METHODS
       errorsub()
       cutting()
       parseopts()
       output_file()
       output_handle()
       input_file()
       input_handle()
       input_streams()
       top_stream()
       PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
       _push_input_stream()
       _pop_input_stream()
       TREE-BASED PARSING
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker - let Perldoc check Pod for errors

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       SEE ALSO
       COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
       AUTHOR

       Pod::Perldoc::ToMan - let Perldoc render Pod as man pages

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CAVEAT
       SEE ALSO
       COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
       AUTHOR

       Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff - let Perldoc convert Pod to nroff

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CAVEAT
       SEE ALSO
       COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
       AUTHOR

       Pod::Perldoc::ToPod - let Perldoc render Pod as ... Pod!

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       SEE ALSO
       COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
       AUTHOR

       Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf - let Perldoc render Pod as RTF

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       SEE ALSO
       COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
       AUTHOR

       Pod::Perldoc::ToText - let Perldoc render Pod as plaintext

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CAVEAT
       SEE ALSO
       COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
       AUTHOR

       Pod::Perldoc::ToTk - let Perldoc use Tk::Pod to render Pod

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       Pod::Perldoc::ToXml - let Perldoc render Pod as XML

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       SEE ALSO
       COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS
       AUTHOR

       Pod::PlainText - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   alt, indent, loose, sentence, width

       DIAGNOSTICS
	   Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Unknown
	   escape: %s, Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back

       RESTRICTIONS
       NOTES
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   EXPORT
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from input

       SYNOPSIS
       REQUIRES
       EXPORTS
       DESCRIPTION
       SECTION SPECIFICATIONS
       RANGE SPECIFICATIONS
       OBJECT METHODS
       curr_headings()
       select()
       add_selection()
       clear_selections()
       match_section()
       is_selected()
       EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
       podselect()
	   -output, -sections, -ranges

       PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA
       _compile_section_spec()
       $self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}
       $self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   alt, code, indent, loose, margin, quotes, sentence, width

       DIAGNOSTICS
	   Bizarre space in item, Item called without tag, Can't open %s for
	   reading: %s, Invalid quote specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown com‐
	   mand paragraph: %s, %s:%d: Unknown escape: %s, %s:%d: Unknown for‐
	   matting code: %s, %s:%d: Unmatched =back

       RESTRICTIONS
       NOTES
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

       Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

       Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike text

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

       Pod::Text::Termcap - Convert POD data to ASCII text with format escapes

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       NOTES
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

       Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod docu‐
       mentation

       SYNOPSIS
       ARGUMENTS
	   "-message", "-msg", "-exitval", "-verbose", "-section", "-output",
	   "-input", "-pathlist", "-noperldoc"

       DESCRIPTION
       EXAMPLES
	   Recommended Use
       CAVEATS
       AUTHOR
       ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

       SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   "O_RDONLY", "O_WRONLY", "O_RDWR"

       DIAGNOSTICS
	   "sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ..."
       BUGS AND WARNINGS

       Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   a new namespace, an operator mask

       WARNING
	   RECENT CHANGES
	   Methods in class Safe
	       permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...),
	       deny_only (OP, ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share
	       (NAME, ...), share_from (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME),
	       reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME), root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)

	   Some Safety Issues
	       Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes

	   AUTHOR

       Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR,
	   looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR,
	   set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF

       KNOWN BUGS
       COPYRIGHT
       BLATANT PLUG

       Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       SelfLoader - load functions only on demand

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   The __DATA__ token
	   SelfLoader autoloading
	   Autoloading and package lexicals
	   SelfLoader and AutoLoader
	   __DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.
	   Classes and inherited methods.
       Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names

       Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Caveats
	   Escaping Magic Characters
	   Configuration
       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C
       socket.h defines and structure manipulators

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROAD‐
	   CAST, INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_family SOCKADDR, sock‐
	   addr_in PORT, ADDRESS, sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in
	   PORT, IP_ADDRESS, unpack_sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATH‐
	   NAME, sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN, pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sock‐
	   addr_un SOCKADDR_UN

       Storable - persistence for Perl data structures

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       MEMORY STORE
       ADVISORY LOCKING
       SPEED
       CANONICAL REPRESENTATION
       CODE REFERENCES
       FORWARD COMPATIBILITY
	   utf8 data, restricted hashes, files from future versions of
	   Storable

       ERROR REPORTING
       WIZARDS ONLY
	   Hooks
	       "STORABLE_freeze" obj, cloning, "STORABLE_thaw" obj, cloning,
	       serialized, .., "STORABLE_attach" class, cloning, serialized

	   Predicates
	       "Storable::last_op_in_netorder", "Storable::is_storing",
	       "Storable::is_retrieving"

	   Recursion
	   Deep Cloning
       Storable magic
       EXAMPLES
       WARNING
       BUGS
	   64 bit data in perl 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
       CREDITS
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       Switch - A switch statement for Perl

       VERSION
       SYNOPSIS
       BACKGROUND
       DESCRIPTION
	   Allowing fall-through
	   Automating fall-through
	   Alternative syntax
	   Higher-order Operations
       DEPENDENCIES
       AUTHOR
       BUGS
       LIMITATIONS
       COPYRIGHT

       Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       BUGS

       Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR

       Syslog, Sys::Syslog - Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls

       VERSION
       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXPORTS
       FUNCTIONS
	   openlog($ident, $logopt, $facility), syslog($priority, $message),
	   syslog($priority, $format, @args), Note, setlogmask($mask_prior‐
	   ity), setlogsock($sock_type), setlogsock($sock_type, $stream_loca‐
	   tion) (added in 5.004_02), closelog()

       EXAMPLES
       CONSTANTS
	   Facilities
	   Levels
       DIAGNOSTICS
	   Invalid argument passed to setlogsock, no connection to syslog
	   available, stream passed to setlogsock, but %s is not writable,
	   stream passed to setlogsock, but could not find any device, tcp
	   passed to setlogsock, but tcp service unavailable, syslog: expect‐
	   ing argument %s, syslog: invalid level/facility: %s, syslog: too
	   many levels given: %s, syslog: too many facilities given: %s, sys‐
	   log: level must be given, udp passed to setlogsock, but udp service
	   unavailable, unix passed to setlogsock, but path not available

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       BUGS
       SUPPORT
	   AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation, CPAN Ratings, RT: CPAN's
	   request tracker, Search CPAN

       LICENSE

       Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog - Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3)
       calls

       VERSION
       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXPORTS
       FUNCTIONS
	   openlog($ident, $logopt, $facility), syslog($priority, $message),
	   syslog($priority, $format, @args), Note, setlogmask($mask_prior‐
	   ity), setlogsock($sock_type), setlogsock($sock_type, $stream_loca‐
	   tion) (added in 5.004_02), closelog()

       EXAMPLES
       CONSTANTS
	   Facilities
	   Levels
       DIAGNOSTICS
	   Invalid argument passed to setlogsock, no connection to syslog
	   available, stream passed to setlogsock, but %s is not writable,
	   stream passed to setlogsock, but could not find any device, tcp
	   passed to setlogsock, but tcp service unavailable, syslog: expect‐
	   ing argument %s, syslog: invalid level/facility: %s, syslog: too
	   many levels given: %s, syslog: too many facilities given: %s, sys‐
	   log: level must be given, udp passed to setlogsock, but udp service
	   unavailable, unix passed to setlogsock, but path not available

       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       BUGS
       SUPPORT
	   AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation, CPAN Ratings, RT: CPAN's
	   request tracker, Search CPAN

       LICENSE

       Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       DIAGNOSTICS
	   Bad escape sequence %s, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict
	   subs" in use, Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once:
	   possible typo, No comma allowed after filehandle, No name for
	   escape sequence %s

       ENVIRONMENT
	   ANSI_COLORS_DISABLED

       RESTRICTIONS
       NOTES
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS
       COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

       Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   METHODS

       Tgetent, OSPEED, TERM

       Tpad, $string, $cnt, $FH

       Tputs, $cap, $cnt, $FH

       Tgoto, $cap, $col, $row, $FH

       Trequire

       EXAMPLES
       COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       Term::Complete - Perl word completion module

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   <tab>, ^D, ^U, <del>, <bs>

       DIAGNOSTICS
       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various "readline" packages. If no
       real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       Minimal set of supported functions
	   "ReadLine", "new", "readline", "addhistory", "IN", "OUT", "Min‐
	   Line", "findConsole", Attribs, "Features"

       Additional supported functions
	   "tkRunning", "ornaments", "newTTY"

       EXPORTS
       ENVIRONMENT
       CAVEATS

       Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       QUICK START GUIDE
	   Functions
	       "plan(...)", "tests => number", "todo => [1,5,14]", "onfail =>
	       sub { ... }", "onfail => \&some_sub"

       _to_value

       "ok(...)"

       "skip(skip_if_true, args...)"

       TEST TYPES
	   NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS

       ONFAIL
       BUGS and CAVEATS
       ENVIRONMENT
       NOTE
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       Test::Builder - Backend for building test libraries

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Construction
	       new

       create

       reset

       Setting up tests
	   exported_to

       plan

       expected_tests

       no_plan

       has_plan

       skip_all

       Running tests
	   ok

       is_eq, is_num

       isnt_eq, isnt_num

       like, unlike

       maybe_regex

       cmp_ok

       BAIL_OUT

       skip

       todo_skip

       skip_rest

       Test style
	   level

       use_numbers

       no_diag, no_ending, no_header

       Output
	   diag

       _print

       _print_diag

       output, failure_output, todo_output

       Test Status and Info
	   current_test

       summary

       details

       todo

       caller

       _sanity_check

       _whoa

       _my_exit

       EXIT CODES
       THREADS
       EXAMPLES
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS
       COPYRIGHT

       Test::Builder::Module - Base class for test modules

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Importing
       Builder

       Test::Builder::Tester - test testsuites that have been built with
       Test::Builder

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       Methods
	   test_out, test_err

       test_fail

       test_diag

       test_test, title (synonym 'name', 'label'), skip_out, skip_err

       line_num

       color

       BUGS
       AUTHOR
       NOTES
       SEE ALSO

       Test::Builder::Tester::Color - turn on colour in Test::Builder::Tester

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO

       Test::Harness - Run Perl standard test scripts with statistics

       VERSION
       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Taint mode
	   Configuration variables.
	       $Test::Harness::Verbose, $Test::Harness::switches, $Test::Har‐
	       ness::Timer

	   Failure
	       Failed Test, Stat, Wstat, Total, Fail, Failed, List of Failed

	   Functions
	       runtests

       _all_ok

       _globdir

       _run_all_tests

       _mk_leader

       _leader_width

       EXPORT
       DIAGNOSTICS
	   "All tests successful.\nFiles=%d,  Tests=%d, %s", "FAILED tests
	   %s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.", "Test returned status %d
	   (wstat %d)", "Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s", "Failed %d/%d tests,
	   %.2f%% okay.	 %s", "FAILED--Further testing stopped: %s"

       ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES THAT TEST::HARNESS SETS
	   "HARNESS_ACTIVE", "HARNESS_VERSION"

       ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES THAT AFFECT TEST::HARNESS
	   "HARNESS_COLUMNS", "HARNESS_COMPILE_TEST", "HARNESS_DEBUG", "HAR‐
	   NESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR", "HARNESS_IGNORE_EXITCODE", "HARNESS_NOTTY",
	   "HARNESS_PERL", "HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES", "HARNESS_VERBOSE"

       EXAMPLE
       SEE ALSO
       TODO
       BUGS
       AUTHORS
       COPYRIGHT

       Test::Harness::Assert - simple assert

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       FUNCTIONS
	   "assert()"
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       Test::Harness::Iterator - Internal Test::Harness Iterator

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   new()
	   next()

       Test::Harness::Point - object for tracking a single test point

       SYNOPSIS
       CONSTRUCTION
	   new()
       from_test_line( $line )
       ACCESSORS
	   ok, number

       Test::Harness::Straps - detailed analysis of test results

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONSTRUCTION
	   new()
       $strap->_init
       ANALYSIS
	   $strap->analyze( $name, \@output_lines )
       $strap->analyze_fh( $name, $test_filehandle )
       $strap->analyze_file( $test_file )
       $strap->_command_line( $file )
       $strap->_command()
       $strap->_switches( $file )
       $strap->_cleaned_switches( @switches_from_user )
       $strap->_INC2PERL5LIB
       $strap->_filtered_INC()
       $strap->_restore_PERL5LIB()
       Parsing
	   "_is_diagnostic"
       "_is_header"
       "_is_bail_out"
       "_reset_file_state"
       Results
       EXAMPLES
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       Test::Harness::TAP - Documentation for the TAP format

       SYNOPSIS
       TODO
       THE TAP FORMAT
       HARNESS BEHAVIOR
       TESTS LINES AND THE PLAN
	   The plan
	   The test line
	       "ok" or "not ok", Test number, Description, Directive, ok/not
	       ok (required), Test number (recommended), Description (recom‐
	       mended), Directive (only when necessary)

       DIRECTIVES
	   TODO tests
	   Skipping tests
       OTHER LINES
	   Bail out!
	   Diagnostics
	   Anything else
       EXAMPLES
	   Common with explanation
	   Unknown amount and failures
	   Giving up
	   Skipping a few
	   Skipping everything
	   Got spare tuits?
	   Creative liberties
       AUTHORS
       ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
       COPYRIGHT

       Test::More - yet another framework for writing test scripts

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   I love it when a plan comes together
       Test names
       I'm ok, you're not ok.
	   ok

       is, isnt

       like

       unlike

       cmp_ok

       can_ok

       isa_ok

       pass, fail

       Module tests
	   use_ok

       require_ok

       Complex data structures
	   is_deeply

       Diagnostics
	   diag

       Conditional tests
	   SKIP: BLOCK

       TODO: BLOCK, todo_skip

       When do I use SKIP vs. TODO?

       Test control
	   BAIL_OUT

       Discouraged comparison functions
	   eq_array

       eq_hash

       eq_set

       Extending and Embedding Test::More
	   builder

       EXIT CODES
       CAVEATS and NOTES
	   Backwards compatibility, Overloaded objects, Threads, Test::Harness
	   upgrade

       HISTORY
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS
       BUGS
       COPYRIGHT

       Test::Simple - Basic utilities for writing tests.

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   ok

       EXAMPLE
       CAVEATS
       NOTES
       HISTORY
       SEE ALSO
	   Test::More, Test, Test::Unit, Test::Inline, SelfTest, Test::Harness

       AUTHORS
       COPYRIGHT

       Test::Tutorial - A tutorial about writing really basic tests

       DESCRIPTION
	   Nuts and bolts of testing.
	   Where to start?
	   Names
	   Test the manual
	   Sometimes the tests are wrong
	   Testing lots of values
	   Informative names
	   Skipping tests
	   Todo tests
	   Testing with taint mode.
       FOOTNOTES
       AUTHORS
       COPYRIGHT

       Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXAMPLE

       Text::Balanced - Extract delimited text sequences from strings.

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   General behaviour in list contexts
	       [0], [1], [2]

	   General behaviour in scalar and void contexts
	   A note about prefixes
	   "extract_delimited"
	   "extract_bracketed"
	   "extract_variable"
	       [0], [1], [2]

	   "extract_tagged"
	       "reject => $listref", "ignore => $listref", "fail => $str",
	       [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]

	   "gen_extract_tagged"
	   "extract_quotelike"
	       [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]

	   "extract_quotelike" and "here documents"
	       [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7..10]

	   "extract_codeblock"
	   "extract_multiple"
	   "gen_delimited_pat"
       DIAGNOSTICS
	    C<Did not find a suitable bracket: "%s">,  C<Did not find prefix: /%s/>,
	   C<Did not find opening bracket after prefix: "%s">,	C<No quotelike
	   operator found after prefix: "%s">,	C<Unmatched closing bracket: "%c">,
	   C<Unmatched opening bracket(s): "%s">, C<Unmatched embedded quote (%s)>,
	   C<Did not find closing delimiter to match '%s'>,  C<Mismatched closing
	   bracket: expected "%c" but found "%s">,  C<No block delimiter found after
	   quotelike "%s">, C<Did not find leading dereferencer>, C<Bad identifier
	   after dereferencer>, C<Did not find expected opening bracket at %s>,
	   C<Improperly nested codeblock at %s>,  C<Missing second block for quotelike
	   "%s">, C<No match found for opening bracket>, C<Did not find opening tag:
	   /%s/>, C<Unable to construct closing tag to match: /%s/>, C<Found invalid
	   nested tag: %s>, C<Found unbalanced nested tag: %s>, C<Did not find closing
	   tag>

       AUTHOR
       BUGS AND IRRITATIONS
       COPYRIGHT

       Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of
       arrays

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXAMPLES
       AUTHORS

       Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described by
       Knuth

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXAMPLES
       LIMITATIONS
       AUTHOR

       Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and unex‐
       pand(1)

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       BUGS
       LICENSE

       Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OVERRIDES
       EXAMPLE
       LICENSE

       Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (for old code only)

       CAVEAT
       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       FUNCTIONS
	   $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub), $thread =
	   Thread->new(\&start_sub, LIST), lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;,
	   Thread->self, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broad‐
	   cast VARIABLE, yield

       METHODS
	   join, eval, detach, equal, tid, flags, done

       LIMITATIONS
       SEE ALSO

       Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
	   new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending

       SEE ALSO

       Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       FUNCTIONS AND METHODS
	   new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER

       Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably
       (for old code)

       CAVEAT
       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       BUGS

       Thread::Specific - thread-specific keys

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this,
	   index, FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count,
	   EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH
	   this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this,
	   offset, length, LIST

       CAVEATS
       AUTHOR

       Tie::File - Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   "recsep"
	   "autochomp"
	   "mode"
	   "memory"
	   "dw_size"
	   Option Format
       Public Methods
	   "flock"
	   "autochomp"
	   "defer", "flush", "discard", and "autodefer"
	   "offset"
       Tying to an already-opened filehandle
       Deferred Writing
	   Autodeferring
       CONCURRENT ACCESS TO FILES
       CAVEATS
       SUBCLASSING
       WHAT ABOUT "DB_File"?
       AUTHOR
       LICENSE
       WARRANTY
       THANKS
       TODO

       Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle  - base class definitions for tied handles

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset,
	   PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar,
	   length, offset, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this,
	   filename, BINMODE this, EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset,
	   whence, DESTROY this

       MORE INFORMATION
       COMPATIBILITY

       Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash, Tie::ExtraHash - base class definitions for
       tied hashes

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key,
	   FIRSTKEY this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE
	   this, key, CLEAR this, SCALAR this

       Inheriting from Tie::StdHash
       Inheriting from Tie::ExtraHash
       "SCALAR", "UNTIE" and "DESTROY"
       MORE INFORMATION

       Tie::Memoize - add data to hash when needed

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       Inheriting from Tie::Memoize
       EXAMPLE
       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXAMPLE
       AUTHOR
       VERSION
       SEE ALSO

       Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied scalars

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY
	   this

       MORE INFORMATION

       Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CAVEATS

       Time::HiRes - High resolution alarm, sleep, gettimeofday, interval
       timers

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), nanosleep ( $nanoseconds ),
	   ualarm ( $useconds [, $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (),
	   sleep ( $floating_seconds ), alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $inter‐
	   val_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer ( $which, $floating_seconds [,
	   $interval_floating_seconds ] ), getitimer ( $which ), clock_gettime
	   ( $which ), clock_getres ( $which ), clock_nanosleep ( $which,
	   $seconds, $flags = 0), clock()

       EXAMPLES
       C API
       DIAGNOSTICS
	   negative time not invented yet
	   internal error: useconds < 0 (unsigned ... signed ...)
       CAVEATS
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS
       COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

       Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Ambiguous Local Times (DST)
	   Non-Existent Local Times (DST)
	   Negative Epoch Values
       IMPLEMENTATION
       BUGS
       SUPPORT
       AUTHOR

       Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime() function

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       NOTE
       AUTHOR

       Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime()
       function

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       NOTE
       AUTHOR

       Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR

       UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   "$obj->isa( TYPE )", "CLASS->isa( TYPE )", "isa( VAL, TYPE )",
	   "TYPE", $obj, "CLASS", "VAL", "$obj->can( METHOD )", "CLASS->can(
	   METHOD )", "can( VAL, METHOD )", "VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] )"

       EXPORTS

       Unicode::Collate - Unicode Collation Algorithm

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Constructor and Tailoring
	       UCA_Version, alternate, backwards, entry, hangul_terminator,
	       ignoreChar, ignoreName, katakana_before_hiragana, level, nor‐
	       malization, overrideCJK, overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange,
	       table, undefChar, undefName, upper_before_lower, variable

	   Methods for Collation
	       "@sorted = $Collator->sort(@not_sorted)", "$result = $Colla‐
	       tor->cmp($a, $b)", "$result = $Collator->eq($a, $b)", "$result
	       = $Collator->ne($a, $b)", "$result = $Collator->lt($a, $b)",
	       "$result = $Collator->le($a, $b)", "$result = $Collator->gt($a,
	       $b)", "$result = $Collator->ge($a, $b)", "$sortKey = $Colla‐
	       tor->getSortKey($string)", "$sortKeyForm = $Collator->view‐
	       SortKey($string)"

	   Methods for Searching
	       "$position = $Collator->index($string, $substring[, $posi‐
	       tion])", "($position, $length) = $Collator->index($string,
	       $substring[, $position])", "$match_ref = $Colla‐
	       tor->match($string, $substring)", "($match)   = $Colla‐
	       tor->match($string, $substring)", "@match = $Colla‐
	       tor->gmatch($string, $substring)", "$count = $Colla‐
	       tor->subst($string, $substring, $replacement)", "$count = $Col‐
	       lator->gsubst($string, $substring, $replacement)"

	   Other Methods
	       "%old_tailoring = $Collator->change(%new_tailoring)", "$version
	       = $Collator->version()", "UCA_Version()", "Base_Unicode_Ver‐
	       sion()"

       EXPORT
       INSTALL
       CAVEATS
	   Normalization, Conformance Test

       AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
       SEE ALSO
	   Unicode Collation Algorithm - UTS #10, The Default Unicode Colla‐
	   tion Element Table (DUCET), The conformance test for the UCA,
	   Hangul Syllable Type, Unicode Normalization Forms - UAX #15

       Unicode::Normalize - Unicode Normalization Forms

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Normalization Forms
	       "$NFD_string = NFD($string)", "$NFC_string = NFC($string)",
	       "$NFKD_string = NFKD($string)", "$NFKC_string = NFKC($string)",
	       "$FCD_string = FCD($string)", "$FCC_string = FCC($string)",
	       "$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $string)"

	   Decomposition and Composition
	       "$decomposed_string = decompose($string)", "$decomposed_string
	       = decompose($string, $useCompatMapping)", "$reordered_string  =
	       reorder($string)", "$composed_string	= compose($string)"

	   Quick Check
	       "$result = checkNFD($string)", "$result = checkNFC($string)",
	       "$result = checkNFKD($string)", "$result = checkNFKC($string)",
	       "$result = checkFCD($string)", "$result = checkFCC($string)",
	       "$result = check($form_name, $string)"

	   Character Data
	       "$canonical_decomposed = getCanon($codepoint)", "$compatibil‐
	       ity_decomposed = getCompat($codepoint)", "$codepoint_composite
	       = getComposite($codepoint_here, $codepoint_next)", "$combin‐
	       ing_class = getCombinClass($codepoint)", "$is_exclusion = isEx‐
	       clusion($codepoint)", "$is_singleton = isSingleton($code‐
	       point)", "$is_non_starter_decomposition = isNonStDecomp($code‐
	       point)", "$may_be_composed_with_prev_char = isComp2nd($code‐
	       point)"

       EXPORT
       CAVEATS
	   Perl's version vs. Unicode version, Correction of decomposition
	   mapping, Revised definition of canonical composition

       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO
	   http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/, http://www.unicode.org/Pub‐
	   lic/UNIDATA/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt, http://www.uni‐
	   code.org/Public/UNIDATA/NormalizationCorrections.txt,
	   http://www.unicode.org/review/pr-29.html, http://www.uni‐
	   code.org/notes/tn5/

       Unicode::UCD - Unicode character database

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       charinfo
       charblock
       charscript
       charblocks
       charscripts
       Blocks versus Scripts
       Matching Scripts and Blocks
       Code Point Arguments
       charinrange
       compexcl
       casefold
       casespec
       namedseq()
       Unicode::UCD::UnicodeVersion
       Implementation Note
       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*() functions

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       NOTE
       AUTHOR

       User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*() functions

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   System Specifics
       NOTE
       AUTHOR
       HISTORY
	   March 18th, 2000

       XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code

       VERSION
       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Migration from "DynaLoader"
	   Backward compatible boilerplate
       Order of initialization: early load()
	   The most hairy case
       DIAGNOSTICS
	   Can't find '%s' symbol in %s, Can't load '%s' for module %s: %s,
	   Undefined symbols present after loading %s: %s,
	   XSLoader::load('Your::Module', $Your::Module::VERSION)

       LIMITATIONS
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS
       COPYRIGHT

AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION
       Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they
       don't all have manual pages yet:

       a2p
       c2ph
       dprofpp
       h2ph
       h2xs
       perlbug
       perldoc
       pl2pm
       pod2html
       pod2man
       s2p
       splain
       xsubpp

AUTHOR
       Larry Wall <larry@wall.org>, with the help of oodles of other folks.

perl v5.8.8			  2006-07-31			    PERLTOC(1)
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