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PERL5139DELTA(1)       Perl Programmers Reference Guide	      PERL5139DELTA(1)

NAME
       perl5139delta - what is new for perl v5.13.9

DESCRIPTION
       This document describes differences between the 5.13.8 release and the
       5.13.9 release.

       If you are upgrading from an earlier release such as 5.13.7, first read
       perl5138delta, which describes differences between 5.13.7 and 5.13.8.

Core Enhancements
   New regular expression modifier "/a"
       The "/a" regular expression modifier restricts "\s" to match precisely
       the five characters "[ \f\n\r\t]", "\d" to match precisely the 10
       characters "[0-9]", "\w" to match precisely the 63 characters
       "[A-Za-z0-9_]", and the Posix ("[[:posix:]]") character classes to
       match only the appropriate ASCII characters.  The complements, of
       course, match everything but; and "\b" and "\B" are correspondingly
       affected.  Otherwise, "/a" behaves like the "/u" modifier, in that
       case-insensitive matching uses Unicode semantics; for example, "k" will
       match the Unicode "\N{KELVIN SIGN}" under "/i" matching, and code
       points in the Latin1 range, above ASCII will have Unicode semantics
       when it comes to case-insensitive matching.  Like its cousins ("/u",
       "/l", and "/d"), and in spite of the terminology, "/a" in 5.14 will not
       actually be able to be used as a suffix at the end of a regular
       expression (this restriction is planned to be lifted in 5.16).  It must
       occur either as an infix modifier, such as "(?a:...)" or ("(?a)...", or
       it can be turned on within the lexical scope of "use re '/a'".  Turning
       on "/a" turns off the other "character set" modifiers.

   Any unsigned value can be encoded as a character
       With this release, Perl is adopting a model that any unsigned value can
       be treated as a code point and encoded internally (as utf8) without
       warnings -- not just the code points that are legal in Unicode.
       However, unless utf8 warnings have been explicitly lexically turned
       off, outputting or performing a Unicode-defined operation (such as
       upper-casing) on such a code point will generate a warning.  Attempting
       to input these using strict rules (such as with the
       ":encoding('UTF-8')" layer) will continue to fail.  Prior to this
       release the handling was very inconsistent, and incorrect in places.
       Also, the Unicode non-characters, some of which previously were
       erroneously considered illegal in places by Perl, contrary to the
       Unicode standard, are now always legal internally.  But inputting or
       outputting them will work the same as for the non-legal Unicode code
       points, as the Unicode standard says they are illegal for "open
       interchange".

   Regular expression debugging output improvement
       Regular expression debugging output (turned on by "use re 'debug';")
       now uses hexadecimal when escaping non-ASCII characters, instead of
       octal.

Security
   Restrict \p{IsUserDefined} to In\w+ and Is\w+
       In "User-Defined Character Properties" in perlunicode, it says you can
       create custom properties by defining subroutines whose names begin with
       "In" or "Is". However, perl doesn't actually enforce that naming
       restriction, so \p{foo::bar} will call foo::Bar() if it exists.

       This commit finally enforces this convention. Note that this broke a
       number of existing tests for properties, since they didn't always use
       an Is/In prefix.

Incompatible Changes
   All objects are destroyed
       It used to be possible to prevent a destructor from being called during
       global destruction by artificially increasing the reference count of an
       object.

       Now such objects will will be destroyed, as a result of a bug fix [perl
       #81230] <http://rt.perl.org/rt3/Public/Bug/Display.html?id=81230>.

       This has the potential to break some XS modules. (In fact, it break
       some.  See "Known Problems", below.)

Modules and Pragmata
   New Modules and Pragmata
       ·   "CPAN::Meta::YAML" 0.003 has been added as a dual-life module.  It
	   supports a subset of YAML sufficient for reading and writing
	   META.yml and MYMETA.yml files included with CPAN distributions or
	   generated by the module installation toolchain. It should not be
	   used for any other general YAML parsing or generation task.

       ·   "HTTP::Tiny" 0.009 has been added as a dual-life module.  It is a
	   very small, simple HTTP/1.1 client designed for simple GET requests
	   and file mirroring.	It has has been added to enable CPAN.pm and
	   CPANPLUS to "bootstrap" HTTP access to CPAN using pure Perl without
	   relying on external binaries like curl or wget.

       ·   "JSON::PP" 2.27103 has been added as a dual-life module, for the
	   sake of reading META.json files in CPAN distributions.

       ·   "Module::Metadata" 1.000003 has been added as a dual-life module.
	   It gathers package and POD information from Perl module files.  It
	   is a standalone module based on Module::Build::ModuleInfo for use
	   by other module installation toolchain components.
	   Module::Build::ModuleInfo has been deprecated in favor of this
	   module instead.

       ·   "Perl::OSType" 1.002 has been added as a dual-life module.  It maps
	   Perl operating system names (e.g. 'dragonfly' or 'MSWin32') to more
	   generic types with standardized names (e.g.	"Unix" or "Windows").
	   It has been refactored out of Module::Build and ExtUtils::CBuilder
	   and consolidates such mappings into a single location for easier
	   maintenance.

   Updated Modules and Pragmata
       ·   "Archive::Extract" has been upgraded from version 0.46 to 0.48

       ·   "Archive::Tar" has been upgraded from version 1.74 to 1.76

       ·   "CGI" has been upgraded from version 3.50 to 3.51

	   Further improvements have been made to guard against newline
	   injections in headers.

       ·   "Compress::Raw::Bzip2" has been upgraded from version 2.031 to
	   2.033

       ·   "Compress::Raw::Zlib" has been upgraded from version 2.030 to 2.033

       ·   "CPAN" has been upgraded from version 1.94_62 to 1.94_63

       ·   "CPANPLUS" has been upgraded from version 0.9010 to 0.9011

       ·   "CPANPLUS::Dist::Build" has been upgraded from version 0.50 to 0.52

       ·   "DB_File" has been upgraded from version 1.820 to 1.821

       ·   "Encode" has been upgraded from version 2.40 to 2.42.  Now, all 66
	   Unicode non-characters are treated the same way U+FFFF has always
	   been treated; if it was disallowed, all 66 are disallowed; if it
	   warned, all 66 warn.

       ·   "File::Fetch" has been upgraded from version 0.28 to 0.32

       ·   "IO::Compress" has been upgraded from version 2.030 to 2.033

       ·   "IPC::Cmd" has been upgraded from version 0.66 to 0.68

       ·   "Log::Message" has been upgraded from version 0.02 to 0.04

       ·   "Log::Message::Simple" has been upgraded from version 0.06 to 0.08

       ·   "Module::Load::Conditional" has been upgraded from version 0.38 to
	   0.40

       ·   "Object::Accessor" has been upgraded from version 0.36 to 0.38

       ·   "Params::Check" has been upgraded from version 0.26 to 0.28

       ·   "Pod::LaTeX" has been upgraded from version 0.58 to 0.59

       ·   "Socket" has been updated with new affordances for IPv6, including
	   implementations of the "Socket::getaddrinfo()" and
	   "Socket::getnameinfo()" functions, along with related constants.

       ·   "Term::UI" has been upgraded from version 0.20 to 0.24

       ·   "Thread::Queue" has been upgraded from version 2.11 to 2.12.

       ·   "Thread::Semaphore" has been upgraded from version 2.11 to 2.12.

       ·   "threads" has been upgraded from version 1.81_03 to 1.82

       ·   "threads::shared" has been upgraded from version 1.35 to 1.36

       ·   "Time::Local" has been upgraded from version 1.1901_01 to 1.2000.

       ·   "Unicode::Normalize" has been upgraded from version 1.07 to 1.10

       ·   "version" has been upgraded from 0.86 to 0.88.

       ·   "Win32" has been upgraded from version 0.41 to 0.44.

Documentation
   Changes to Existing Documentation
       All documentation

       ·   Numerous POD warnings were fixed.

       ·   Many, many spelling errors and typographical mistakes were
	   corrected throughout Perl's core.

       "perlhack"

       ·   "perlhack" was extensively reorganized.

       "perlfunc"

       ·   It has now been documented that "ord" returns 0 for an empty
	   string.

Diagnostics
       The following additions or changes have been made to diagnostic output,
       including warnings and fatal error messages.  For the complete list of
       diagnostic messages, see perldiag.

   New Diagnostics
       ·   Performing an operation requiring Unicode semantics (such as case-
	   folding) on a Unicode surrogate or a non-Unicode character now
	   triggers a warning: 'Operation "%s" returns its argument for ...'.

   Changes to Existing Diagnostics
       ·   Previously, if none of the "gethostbyaddr", "gethostbyname" and
	   "gethostent" functions were implemented on a given platform, they
	   would all die with the message 'Unsupported socket function
	   "gethostent" called', with analogous messages for "getnet*" and
	   "getserv*". This has been corrected.

Utility Changes
       "perlbug"

       ·   "perlbug" did not previously generate a From: header, potentially
	   resulting in dropped mail. Now it does include that header.

       "buildtoc"

       ·   pod/buildtoc has been modernized and can now be used to test the
	   well-formedness of pod/perltoc.pod automatically.

Testing
       ·   "lib/File/DosGlob.t" has been modernized and now uses "Test::More".

       ·   A new test script, "t/porting/filenames.t", makes sure that
	   filenames and paths are reasonably portable.

       ·   "t/porting/diag.t" is now several orders of magnitude faster.

       ·   "t/porting/buildtoc.t" now tests that the documentation TOC file is
	   current and well-formed.

       ·   "t/base/while.t" now tests the basics of a while loop with minimal
	   dependencies.

       ·   "t/cmd/while.t" now uses test.pl for better maintainability.

       ·   "t/op/split.t" now tests calls to "split" without any pattern
	   specified.

Platform Support
   Discontinued Platforms
       Apollo DomainOS
	   The last vestiges of support for this platform have been excised
	   from the Perl distribution. It was officially discontinued in
	   version 5.12.0. It had not worked for years before that.

       MacOS Classic
	   The last vestiges of support for this platform have been excised
	   from the Perl distribution. It was officially discontinued in an
	   earlier version.

   Platform-Specific Notes
       Cygwin
	   ·   Updated MakeMaker to build man pages on cygwin.

	   ·   Improved rebase behaviour

	       If a dll is updated on cygwin reuse the old imagebase address.
	       This solves most rebase errors, esp when updating on core
	       dll's.  See
	       http://www.tishler.net/jason/software/rebase/rebase-2.4.2.README
	       <http://www.tishler.net/jason/software/rebase/rebase-2.4.2.README>
	       for more information.

	   ·   Support the standard cyg dll prefix, which is e.g. needed for
	       FFI's.

	   ·   Updated build hints file

       Solaris
	   DTrace is now supported on Solaris. There used to be build
	   failures, but these have been fixed [perl #73630]
	   <http://rt.perl.org/rt3/Public/Bug/Display.html?id=73630>.

Internal Changes
       ·   The opcode bodies for "chop" and "chomp" and for "schop" and
	   "schomp" have been merged. The implementation functions
	   "Perl_do_chop()" and "Perl_do_chomp()", never part of the public
	   API, have been merged and moved to a static function in pp.c. This
	   shrinks the perl binary slightly, and should not affect any code
	   outside the core (unless it is relying on the order of side effects
	   when "chomp" is passed a list of values).

       ·   Some of the flags parameters to the uvuni_to_utf8_flags() and
	   utf8n_to_uvuni() have changed.  This is a result of Perl now
	   allowing internal storage and manipulation of code points that are
	   problematic in some situations.  Hence, the default actions for
	   these functions has been complemented to allow these code points.
	   The new flags are documented in perlapi.  Code that requires the
	   problematic code points to be rejected needs to change to use these
	   flags.  Some flag names are retained for backward source
	   compatibility, though they do nothing, as they are now the default.
	   However the flags "UNICODE_ALLOW_FDD0", "UNICODE_ALLOW_FFFF",
	   "UNICODE_ILLEGAL", and "UNICODE_IS_ILLEGAL" have been removed, as
	   they stem from a fundamentally broken model of how the Unicode non-
	   character code points should be handled, which is now described in
	   "Non-character code points" in perlunicode.	See also "Selected Bug
	   Fixes".

       ·   Certain shared flags in the "pmop.op_pmflags" and "regexp.extflags"
	   structures have been removed.  These are: "Rxf_Pmf_LOCALE",
	   "Rxf_Pmf_UNICODE", and "PMf_LOCALE".	 Instead there are encodes and
	   three static in-line functions for accessing the information:
	   "get_regex_charset()", "set_regex_charset()", and
	   "get_regex_charset_name()", which are defined in the places where
	   the original flags were.

       ·   A new option has been added to "pv_escape" to dump all characters
	   above ASCII in hexadecimal. Before, one could get all characters as
	   hexadecimal or the Latin1 non-ASCII as octal

       ·   Generate pp_* prototypes in pp_proto.h, and remove pp.sym

	   Eliminate the #define pp_foo Perl_pp_foo(pTHX) macros, and update
	   the 13 locations that relied on them.

	   regen/opcode.pl now generates prototypes for the PP functions
	   directly, into pp_proto.h. It no longer writes pp.sym, and
	   regen/embed.pl no longer reads this, removing the only ordering
	   dependency in the regen scripts. opcode.pl is now responsible for
	   prototypes for pp_* functions. (embed.pl remains responsible for
	   ck_* functions, reading from regen/opcodes)

Selected Bug Fixes
       ·   The handling of Unicode non-characters has changed.	Previously
	   they were mostly considered illegal, except that only one of the 66
	   of them was known about in places.  The Unicode standard considers
	   them legal, but forbids the "open interchange" of them.  This is
	   part of the change to allow the internal use of any code point (see
	   "Core Enhancements").  Together, these changes resolve # 38722
	   <https://rt.perl.org/rt3/Ticket/Display.html?id=38722>, # 51918
	   <http://rt.perl.org/rt3/Ticket/Display.html?id=51918>, # 51936
	   <http://rt.perl.org/rt3/Ticket/Display.html?id=51936>, # 63446
	   <http://rt.perl.org/rt3/Ticket/Display.html?id=63446>

       ·   Sometimes magic (ties, tainted, etc.) attached to variables could
	   cause an object to last longer than it should, or cause a crash if
	   a tied variable were freed from within a tie method. These have
	   been fixed [perl #81230]
	   <http://rt.perl.org/rt3/Public/Bug/Display.html?id=81230>.

       ·   Most I/O functions were not warning for unopened handles unless the
	   'closed' and 'unopened' warnings categories were both enabled. Now
	   only "use warnings 'unopened'" is necessary to trigger these
	   warnings (as was always meant to be the case.

       ·   "<expr>" always respects overloading now if the expression is
	   overloaded.

	   Due to the way that '<> as glob' was parsed differently from '<> as
	   filehandle' from 5.6 onwards, something like "<$foo[0]>" did not
	   handle overloading, even if $foo[0] was an overloaded object. This
	   was contrary to the documentation for overload, and meant that "<>"
	   could not be used as a general overloaded iterator operator.

       ·   Destructors on objects were not called during global destruction on
	   objects that were not referenced by any scalars. This could happen
	   if an array element were blessed (e.g., "bless \$a[0]") or if a
	   closure referenced a blessed variable ("bless \my @a; sub foo { @a
	   }").

	   Now there is an extra pass during global destruction to fire
	   destructors on any objects that might be left after the usual
	   passes that check for objects referenced by scalars [perl #36347]
	   <http://rt.perl.org/rt3/Public/Bug/Display.html?id=36347>.

       ·   A long standing bug has now been fully fixed (partial fixes came in
	   earlier releases), in which some Latin-1 non-ASCII characters on
	   ASCII-platforms would match both a character class and its
	   complement, such as U+00E2 being both in "\w" and "\W", depending
	   on the UTF-8-ness of the regular expression pattern and target
	   string.  Fixing this did expose some bugs in various modules and
	   tests that relied on the previous behavior of "[[:alpha:]]" not
	   ever matching U+00FF, "LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH DIAERESIS", even
	   when it should, in Unicode mode; now it does match when
	   appropriate.	 [perl #60156]
	   <http://rt.perl.org/rt3/Ticket/Display.html?id=60156>.

Known Problems
       ·   The fix for [perl #81230] causes test failures for "Tk" version
	   804.029.  This is still being investigated.

Acknowledgements
       Perl 5.13.9 represents approximately one month of development since
       Perl 5.13.8 and contains approximately 48000 lines of changes across
       809 files from 35 authors and committers:

       Abigail, var Arnfjoer` Bjarmason, brian d foy, Chris 'BinGOs' Williams,
       Craig A. Berry, David Golden, David Leadbeater, David Mitchell, Father
       Chrysostomos, Florian Ragwitz, Gerard Goossen, H.Merijn Brand, Jan
       Dubois, Jerry D. Hedden, Jesse Vincent, John Peacock, Karl Williamson,
       Leon Timmermans, Michael Parker, Michael Stevens, Nicholas Clark, Nuno
       Carvalho, Paul "LeoNerd" Evans, Peter J. Acklam, Peter Martini, Rainer
       Tammer, Reini Urban, Renee Baecker, Ricardo Signes, Robin Barker, Tony
       Cook, Vadim Konovalov, Vincent Pit, Zefram, and Zsban Ambrus.

       Many of the changes included in this version originated in the CPAN
       modules included in Perl's core. We're grateful to the entire CPAN
       community for helping Perl to flourish.

Reporting Bugs
       If you find what you think is a bug, you might check the articles
       recently posted to the comp.lang.perl.misc newsgroup and the perl bug
       database at http://rt.perl.org/perlbug/ .  There may also be
       information at http://www.perl.org/ , the Perl Home Page.

       If you believe you have an unreported bug, please run the perlbug
       program included with your release.  Be sure to trim your bug down to a
       tiny but sufficient test case.  Your bug report, along with the output
       of "perl -V", will be sent off to perlbug@perl.org to be analysed by
       the Perl porting team.

       If the bug you are reporting has security implications, which make it
       inappropriate to send to a publicly archived mailing list, then please
       send it to perl5-security-report@perl.org. This points to a closed
       subscription unarchived mailing list, which includes all the core
       committers, who be able to help assess the impact of issues, figure out
       a resolution, and help co-ordinate the release of patches to mitigate
       or fix the problem across all platforms on which Perl is supported.
       Please only use this address for security issues in the Perl core, not
       for modules independently distributed on CPAN.

SEE ALSO
       The Changes file for an explanation of how to view exhaustive details
       on what changed.

       The INSTALL file for how to build Perl.

       The README file for general stuff.

       The Artistic and Copying files for copyright information.

perl v5.14.2			  2011-09-26		      PERL5139DELTA(1)
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