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NG_NETFLOW(4)		 BSD Kernel Interfaces Manual		 NG_NETFLOW(4)

NAME
     ng_netflow — Cisco's NetFlow implementation

SYNOPSIS
     #include <sys/types.h>
     #include <netinet/in.h>
     #include <netgraph/netflow/ng_netflow.h>

DESCRIPTION
     The ng_netflow node implements Cisco's NetFlow export protocol on a
     router running FreeBSD.  The ng_netflow node listens for incoming traffic
     and identifies unique flows in it.	 Flows are distinguished by endpoint
     IP addresses, TCP/UDP port numbers, ToS and input interface.  Expired
     flows are exported out of the node in NetFlow version 5 UDP datagrams.
     Expiration reason can be one of the following:

     -	 RST or FIN TCP segment.

     -	 Active timeout.  Flows cannot live more than the specified period of
	 time.	The default is 1800 seconds (30 minutes).

     -	 Inactive timeout.  A flow was inactive for the specified period of
	 time.	The default is 15 seconds.

     Export information is stored in NetFlow version 5 datagrams.

HOOKS
     This node type supports up to NG_NETFLOW_MAXIFACES hooks named iface0,
     iface1, etc., and the same number of hooks named out0, out1, etc., plus a
     single hook named export.	By default (ingress NetFlow enabled) node does
     NetFlow accounting of data received on iface* hooks.  If corresponding
     out hook is connected, unmodified data is bypassed to it, otherwise data
     is freed.	If data is received on out hook, it is bypassed to correspond‐
     ing iface hook without any processing (egress NetFlow disabled by
     default).	When full export datagram is built it is sent to the export
     hook.  In normal operation, the export hook is connected to the
     inet/dgram/udp hook of the ng_ksocket(4) node.

CONTROL MESSAGES
     This node type supports the generic control messages, plus the following:

     NGM_NETFLOW_INFO
	     Returns some node statistics and the current timeout values in a
	     struct ng_netflow_info.

     NGM_NETFLOW_IFINFO
	     Returns information about the ifaceN hook.	 The hook number is
	     passed as an argument.

     NGM_NETFLOW_SETDLT
	     Sets data link type on the ifaceN hook.  Currently, supported
	     types are raw IP datagrams and Ethernet.  This message type uses
	     struct ng_netflow_setdlt as an argument:

		 struct ng_netflow_setdlt {
			 uint16_t iface;	 /* which iface to operate on */
			 uint8_t  dlt;		 /* DLT_XXX from bpf.h */
		 };

	     The requested ifaceN hook must already be connected, otherwise
	     message send operation will return an error.

     NGM_NETFLOW_SETIFINDEX
	     In some cases, ng_netflow may be unable to determine the input
	     interface index of a packet.  This can happen if traffic enters
	     the ng_netflow node before it comes to the system interface's
	     input queue.  An example of such a setup is capturing a traffic
	     between synchronous data line and ng_iface(4).  In this case, the
	     input index should be associated with a given hook.  The inter‐
	     face's index can be determined via if_nametoindex(3) from user‐
	     land.  This message requires struct ng_netflow_setifindex as an
	     argument:

		 struct ng_netflow_setifindex {
			 u_int16_t iface;	 /* which iface to operate on */
			 u_int16_t index;	 /* new index */
		 };

	     The requested ifaceN hook must already be connected, otherwise
	     the message send operation will return an error.

     NGM_NETFLOW_SETTIMEOUTS
	     Sets values in seconds for NetFlow active/inactive timeouts.
	     This message requires struct ng_netflow_settimeouts as an argu‐
	     ment:

		 struct ng_netflow_settimeouts {
			 uint32_t	 inactive_timeout;
			 uint32_t	 active_timeout;
		 };

     NGM_NETFLOW_SETCONFIG
	     Sets configuration for the specified interface.  This message
	     requires struct ng_netflow_setconfig as an argument:

		 struct ng_netflow_setconfig {
			 u_int16_t iface;
			 u_int32_t conf;
		 #define NG_NETFLOW_CONF_INGRESS	 1
		 #define NG_NETFLOW_CONF_EGRESS		 2
		 #define NG_NETFLOW_CONF_ONCE		 4
		 #define NG_NETFLOW_CONF_THISONCE	 8
		 };

	     Configuration is a bitmask of several options. Option NG_NET‐
	     FLOW_CONF_INGRESS enabled by default enables ingress NetFlow gen‐
	     eration (for data coming from ifaceX hook). Option NG_NET‐
	     FLOW_CONF_EGRESS enables egress NetFlow (for data coming from
	     outX hook). Option NG_NETFLOW_CONF_ONCE defines that packet
	     should be accounted only once if it several times passes via net‐
	     flow node. Option NG_NETFLOW_CONF_THISONCE defines that packet
	     should be accounted only once if it several times passes via
	     exactly this netflow node. Last two options are important to
	     avoid duplicate accounting when both ingress and egress NetFlow
	     are enabled.

     NGM_NETFLOW_SHOW
	     This control message asks a node to dump the entire contents of
	     the flow cache.  It is called from flowctl(8), not directly from
	     ngctl(8).	See also BUGS section.

ASCII CONTROL MESSAGES
     Most binary control messages have an ASCII equivalent.  The supported
     ASCII commands are:

     NGM_NETFLOW_INFO	      "info"
     NGM_NETFLOW_IFINFO	      "ifinfo %u"
     NGM_NETFLOW_SETDLT	      "setdlt { iface = %u dlt = %u }"
     NGM_NETFLOW_SETIFINDEX   "setifindex { iface = %u index = %u }"
     NGM_NETFLOW_SETTIMEOUTS  "settimeouts { inactive = %u active = %u }"
     NGM_NETFLOW_SETCONFIG    "setconfig { iface = %u conf = %u }"

SHUTDOWN
     This node shuts down upon receipt of a NGM_SHUTDOWN control message, or
     when all hooks have been disconnected.

EXAMPLES
     The simplest possible configuration is one Ethernet interface, where flow
     collecting is enabled.

	   /usr/sbin/ngctl -f- <<-SEQ
		   mkpeer fxp0: netflow lower iface0
		   name fxp0:lower netflow
		   connect fxp0: netflow: upper out0
		   mkpeer netflow: ksocket export inet/dgram/udp
		   msg netflow:export connect inet/10.0.0.1:4444
	   SEQ

     This is a more complicated example of a router with 2 NetFlow-enabled
     interfaces fxp0 and ng0.  Note that the ng0: node in this example is con‐
     nected to ng_tee(4).  The latter sends us a copy of IP packets, which we
     analyze and free.	On fxp0: we do not use tee, but send packets back to
     ether node.

	   /usr/sbin/ngctl -f- <<-SEQ
		   # connect ng0's tee to iface0 hook
		   mkpeer ng0:inet netflow right2left iface0
		   name ng0:inet.right2left netflow
		   # set DLT to raw mode
		   msg netflow: setdlt { iface=0 dlt=12 }
		   # set interface index (5 in this example)
		   msg netflow: setifindex { iface=0 index=5 }

		   # Connect fxp0: to iface1 and out1 hook
		   connect fxp0: netflow: lower iface1
		   connect fxp0: netflow: upper out1

		   # Create ksocket node on export hook, and configure it
		   # to send exports to proper destination
		   mkpeer netflow: ksocket export inet/dgram/udp
		   msg netflow:export connect inet/10.0.0.1:4444
	   SEQ

SEE ALSO
     netgraph(4), ng_ether(4), ng_iface(4), ng_ksocket(4), ng_tee(4),
     flowctl(8), ngctl(8)

     http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/cisintwk/intsolns/netflsol/
     nfwhite.htm

AUTHORS
     The ng_netflow node type was written by Gleb Smirnoff
     ⟨glebius@FreeBSD.org⟩, based on ng_ipacct written by Roman V. Palagin
     ⟨romanp@unshadow.net⟩.

BUGS
     Cache snapshot obtained via NGM_NETFLOW_SHOW command may lack some per‐
     centage of entries under severe load.

     The ng_netflow node type does not fill in AS numbers.  This is due to the
     lack of necessary information in the kernel routing table.	 However, this
     information can be injected into the kernel from a routing daemon such as
     GNU Zebra.	 This functionality may become available in future releases.

BSD				October 8, 2008				   BSD
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