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DITHER(3)							     DITHER(3)

NAME
       dithermap, bwdithermap, make_square, dithergb, ditherbw - functions for
	      dithering color or black and white images.

SYNOPSIS
       dithermap( levels, gamma, rgbmap, divN, modN, magic )
       int levels;
       double gamma;
       int rgbmap[][3], divN[256], modN[256], magic[16][16];

       bwdithermap( levels, gamma, bwmap, divN, modN, magic )
       int levels;
       double gamma;
       int bwmap[], int divN[256], modN[256], magic[16][16];

       make_square( N, divN, modN, magic )
       double N;
       int divN[256], modN[256], magic[16][16];

       dithergb( x, y, r, g, b, levels, divN, modN, magic )
       int x, y, r, g, b, levels;
       int divN[256], modN[256], magic[16][16];

       ditherbw( x, y, val, divN, modN, magic )
       int x, y, val, divN[256], modN[256], magic[16][16];

DESCRIPTION
       These functions provide a common set of routines for dithering  a  full
       color or gray scale image into a lower resolution color map.

       Dithermap  computes  a  color  map  and	some  auxiliary parameters for
       dithering a full color (24 bit) image to fewer bits.  The argument lev‐
       els  tells how many different intensity levels per primary color should
       be computed.  To get maximum use of a 256 entry	color  map,  use  lev‐
       els=6.	The  computed  map  uses levels^3 entries.  The gamma argument
       provides for gamma compensation of the generated color  map  (that  is,
       the values in the map will be adjusted to give a linear intensity vari‐
       ation on a display with the given gamma).  The computed color map  will
       be  returned  in	 the array rgbmap.  divN and modN are auxiliary arrays
       for computing the dithering pattern (see below), and magic is the magic
       square dither pattern.

       To  compute  a color map for dithering a black and white image to fewer
       intensity levels, use bwdithermap.  The arguments are as for dithermap,
       but  only  a single channel color map is computed.  The value of levels
       can be larger than for dithermap, as the computed map only  has	levels
       entries.

       To  just	 build the magic square and other parameters, use make_square.
       The argument N should be equal to 255.0 divided by the  desired	number
       of  intensity  levels  less  one (i.e., N = 255.0 / (levels - 1)).  The
       other arguments are filled in as above.

       The color map index for a dithered full	color  pixel  is  computed  by
       dithergb.   Since the pattern depends on the screen location, the first
       two arguments x and y, specify that location.  The true	color  of  the
       pixel  at that location is given by the triple r, g, and b.  The number
       of intensity levels and the dithering parameter	matrices  computed  by
       dithermap are also passed to dithergb.

       The  color  map	index  for  a dithered gray scale pixel is computed by
       ditherbw.  Again, the screen position is specified, and	the  intensity
       value  of  the pixel is supplied in val.	 The dithering parameters must
       also be supplied.

       Alternatively, the dithering may be done in line instead	 of  incurring
       the  extra  overhead  of a function call, which can be significant when
       repeated a million times.  The computation is as follows:
		 row = y % 16;
		 col = x % 16;
	    #define DMAP(v,col,row) (divN[v] + (modN[v]>magic[col][row] ? 1 : 0))
		 pix = DMAP(r,col,row) + DMAP(g,col,row)*levels +
		      DMAP(b,col,row)*levels*levels;
       For a gray scale image, it is a little simpler:
		 pix = DMAP(val,row,col);
       And on a single bit display (assuming a 1 means white):
		 pix = divN[val] > magic[col][row] ? 1 : 0

SEE ALSO
       rgb_to_bw(3), librle(3), RLE(5).

AUTHOR
       Spencer W. Thomas
       University of Utah

4th Berkeley Distribution	    2/2/87			     DITHER(3)
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