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link(2)								       link(2)

NAME
       link - Create a hard link to an existing file on the local file system

SYNOPSIS
       #include <unistd.h>

       int link(
	       const char *path1,
	       const char *path2 );

STANDARDS
       Interfaces  documented on this reference page conform to industry stan‐
       dards as follows:

       link():	XSH4.0, XSH4.2, XSH5.0

       Refer to the standards(5) reference page	 for  more  information	 about
       industry standards and associated tags.

PARAMETERS
       Points to the pathname of an existing file.  Points to the pathname for
       the directory entry to be created.  If the path2 parameter names a sym‐
       bolic link, an error is returned.

DESCRIPTION
       The  link()  function creates an additional hard link (directory entry)
       for an existing file.  The old and the  new  link  share	 equal	access
       rights  to  the underlying object.  The link() function atomically cre‐
       ates a new link for the existing file and increments the link count  of
       the file by one.

       Both  the  path1 and path2 parameters must reside on the same file sys‐
       tem. A hard link to a directory cannot be created.

       Upon successful completion, the	link()	function  marks	 the  st_ctime
       field  of  the  file  for  update,  and marks the st_ctime and st_mtime
       fields of the directory containing the new entry for update.

       A process must have write  permission  in  the  target  directory  with
       respect to all access control policies configured on the system.

       See  symlink(2)	for information about making symbolic links, including
       Context Dependent Symbolic Links (CDSLs).

RETURN VALUES
       Upon successful completion, the link() function returns a  value	 of  0
       (zero).	If  the	 link()	 function fails, a value of -1 is returned, no
       link is created, and errno is set to indicate the error.

ERRORS
       If the link() function fails, errno may be set to one of the  following
       values:	The requested link requires writing in a directory with a mode
       that denies write permission, or a component of	either	the  path1  or
       path2 parameter denies search permission.

	      The  requested link requires writing in a directory to which the
	      process does not have write access with respect to one  or  more
	      of  the  system's configured access policies.  [Tru64 UNIX]  The
	      directory in which the entry for the new link  is	 being	placed
	      cannot  be  extended  because the user's quota of disk blocks on
	      the file system containing the  directory	 has  been  exhausted.
	      The  link	 named	by the path2 parameter already exists.	[Tru64
	      UNIX]  The path1 or  path2  parameter  is	 an  invalid  address.
	      [Tru64 UNIX]  An I/O error occurred when updating the directory.
	      Too many links were encountered in translating path1  or	path2.
	      The  number  of  links  to  the file named by path1 would exceed
	      LINK_MAX.	 The length of	the  path1  or	path2  string  exceeds
	      PATH_MAX	or  a pathname component is longer than NAME_MAX.  The
	      file named by the path1 parameter does not exist or the path1 or
	      path2  parameter is an empty string.  The directory in which the
	      entry for the new	 link  is  being  placed  cannot  be  extended
	      because there is no space left on the file system containing the
	      directory.  A component of either path prefix is	not  a	direc‐
	      tory.   The  file	 named	by the path1 parameter is a directory.
	      The requested link requires writing in a directory  on  a	 read-
	      only file system.	 The link named by the path2 parameter and the
	      file named by the path1 parameter are on different file systems,
	      or path1 refers to a STREAM.

       [Tru64  UNIX]  For NFS file access, if the link() function fails, errno
       may also be set to one of the following values: Indicates that the sys‐
       tem  file  table	 is full or there are too many files currently open in
       the system.  Indicates a stale NFS file handle.	 An  opened  file  was
       deleted	by  the	 server or another client; a client cannot open a file
       because the server has unmounted or unexported the remote directory; or
       the  directory that contains an opened file was unmounted or unexported
       by the server.

SEE ALSO
       Commands: link(1), unlink(1)

       Functions: symlink(2), unlink(2)

       Others: standards(5)

								       link(2)
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