kwdb(1M)kwdb(1M)NAMEkwdb - invoke KWDB, the source level kernel debugger and crash dump
analyzer
SYNOPSIS
[options] kernel_file
Run KWDB on a copy of the target kernel executable file on your
host system.
[options] [kernel_file] [crash_dump_directory]
Run KWDB for crash dump analysis.
[options] kernel_file [remote_system:port]
Run KWDB for remote crash dump analysis.
[options] kernel_file
Run KWDB for live memory analysis
DESCRIPTION
is a kernel debugging tool based on the HP WDB Source-Level Debugger,
For complete information about this debugger and its commands, see and
Use for the following tasks:
· Perform source level debugging of HP-UX kernel and Dynamically Load‐
able Kernel Modules from a remote host system.
· Analyze a crash dump.
· Analyze the behavior of a running system.
Options
Set serial port baud rate for remote debugging.
BAUDRATE is 19200 for PA-RISC systems or 57600 for
Itanium-based systems.
Run in batch mode.
Change current directory to
DIR.
Execute commands from a FILE.
Search for source files in the directory,
DIR.
Use output from the epoch emacs-GDB interface.
Use the file, EXECFILE, as the executable file for debugging.
Cause output information to go to the epoch emacs-GDB interface.
List the version information and all options with brief explanations.
Process all loaded DLKMs.
Do not use the Windows interface for debugging.
Do not execute commands from initialization files.
Search for object files in the directory,
DIR.
Enable PERL scripts to run in
programming mode.
Set to run in mode.
Do not print introductory and copyright messages.
Read symbol files completely on its first access.
Use the file, FILE, as both a symbol file and an executable file.
Read symbols from the file,
FILE.
Use a terminal user interface.
Generate table of type name clashes.
Enable writing into kernel file and memory.
For remote debugging, has to be invoked with a local copy of the kernel
file. Invoking with the option and a crash dump directory name as an
argument starts for crash dump analysis in mode.
Invoking with the option and kernel file name followed by a remote sys‐
tem:portnumber starts for analyzing crash dump on a remote system.
Invoking with or as an argument starts for analyzing the local running
system.
Commands
This manpage describes the most commonly used KWDB commands for kernel
debugging.
Use the command to see a complete list of commands, their explanations,
and examples.
KWDB allows partial commands to be entered as long as the abbreviations
are not ambiguous. For example, the following pairs of commands are
equivalent:
All address arguments are virtual addresses unless specified otherwise.
Getting Help
List the classes of commands.
Describe the specified
command.
Stopping KWDB
Exit KWDB. Also typing
or (CTRL- D) causes KWDB to quit.
(INTERRUPT) Terminate the current command, or interrupt the
target kernel.
Release the target kernel from KWDB control and allow it to continue.
Release the target kernel from KWDB control and reboot.
Attaching and Debugging Targets
Use the command to debug a remote system. The target system must be
booted with appropriate flags. The kernel debugger can be booted in
either "boot-wait" mode or "boot-nowait" mode. In "boot-wait" mode,
the kernel debugger will attach before the rest of the kernel boots.
In "boot-nowait" mode, the debugger will attach after the kernel has
fully booted.
After the target is specified, use the command to start a debugging
session.
The command has the following syntaxes:
Debug using the on-console debugger and
via the remote console. lantron_name specifies the name of the
terminal server such Lantronix hardware which is connected to
the target system. nn is the port number for the remote con‐
sole.
Set up LAN-based debugging through the
KWDB server on the communication server, comm_server, for Ita‐
nium-based architecture.
Set up RS-232-based debugging for the specified serial device file,
devicefile.
Set up Lantron serial debugging
on the terminal server, lantron_name. nn is the serial port on
the target system.
Debug an HP-UX 11.0 or earlier kernel using
compatibility mode. comm_server is the communication server.
ethernet_mac_address is the Ethernet LAN MAC address of the LAN
card used for debugger communications in the target system.
Set up LAN-based debugging on the
server on the comm_server for PA-RISC architecture.
Set up debugging for a Superdome, Keystone, or ORCA system using
SUB/SINC.
name_of_sub is the console name of the system.
Set up UDP-based debugging.
ip-address is the IP address of the target system.
Specify the target crash directory,
dir, which is to be debugged. The command is not required if is
invoked with option. The command is not used with this target.
runs on the target system and debugs live memory using
or The command is not required if is invoked with the or argu‐
ment. The command is not used with this target system.
Attach the remote target system. If
target is connected through the or communication server, tar‐
get_id is the Ethernet MAC address of target LAN. If communica‐
tion is through SUB/SINC, target_id is the partition name.
Breakpoints
Breakpoints are used to stop execution at a particular location in a
program. This section explains commands used for breakpoints.
Set the breakpoint at the specified line number
line in file.
Set the breakpoint at the function
func in file.
Set the breakpoint at the specified address
addr.
Set breakpoint at next instruction.
Break conditionally on a nonzero
expr at the next instruction (or location speci‐
fied as line or address or function).
Delete breakpoints at next instruction.
Delete breakpoints at entry to
the function at func.
Delete breakpoints on source line.
Execute command-list every time breakpoint
n is reached.
Make a new conditional expression on breakpoint
n. Make an unconditional expression if expr is
omitted.
Delete breakpoints or the breakpoint
n.
Disable breakpoints or the breakpoint
n.
Enable breakpoints or the breakpoint
n.
Ignore breakpoint at n, count number of times.
Show breakpoints and watchpoints.
Specify a temporary breakpoint.
Similar to the command except that the breakpoint
is temporary. When the breakpoint is reached,
the breakpoint is disabled. args are accepted as
in the command.
Set the watchpoint at address specified by
addr which is the default. Four bytes will be
watched.
Set the watchpoint at a global symbol specified by
name.
Kernel Stack
This section explains commands for examining the stack frames. The
debugger assigns numbers to the stack frames starting from zero for the
innermost (currently executing) frame.
Trace all frames in stack or
n number of frames. If n is specified and
is greater than zero (0), then start from
the innermost frame. If n is specified
and is less than zero, then start from the
outermost frame.
Select the frame that is
n frames down.
Select frame n or the frame at address n. If n is not
specified, then display the current frame.
Display all registers including floating point registers.
This command is not supported in PA-RISC
architecture.
Display arguments of the selected frame.
Describe the selected frame, or the frame at
addr.
Display locals of the selected frame.
Display register values for
a selected frame. If rn is specified,
then display register rn.
Select a frame that is
n frames up.
Execution Control
This section explains commands to control execution of instruc‐
tions in a program.
Call the specified function with up to eight 64-bit sized argu‐
ments.
Continue running. If
count is specified, ignore this breakpoint
count number of times.
Continue executing until the current function returns.
Resume execution at specified line number
(line) or (address).
This command is similar to the
command in that it executes the next
command but it does not step into func‐
tions.
This command is similar to the
command but does not step into
functions.
Pop selected stack frame without executing. If an
argument
is given in expr, it is an
expression for the value to
return.
Evaluate expr without displaying it. Use
this command for altering vari‐
ables.
Continue to execute until another source line is
reached.
If the repeat count is speci‐
fied, execute count number of
times.
Step by machine instructions rather than
source lines.
Execute or run until the next instruction.
location is specified as
a line, address, or func‐
tion. If location is
specified, run until the
location is reached.
Display
This section explains commands for display‐
ing values of different data structures of
the program (kernel/dump) being debugged.
Display memory as machine instructions for
the function at
addr.
Display memory as machine instructions for
the function
func.
Show the value of expr according to for‐
mat fmt:
address, absolute and
relative
character
signed decimal
floating point
octal
binary
unsigned decimal
hexadecimal
Examine memory at the address specified by
expr. The optional
format specifications
are specified by one of
the following:
N The count of how
many units to dis‐
play.
u The unit size. One
of
f Printing format.
Any format listed
with print command,
or
Show the value of expr each time the ker‐
nel stops according to
the format fmt listed
with command.
Display all enabled expressions on the list
created with
command.
Enable display for all expression(s).
Use the list number, n,
to define a specific
number of expressions
to display.
Display a numbered list of display expres‐
sion(s).
Remove all expressions
from the list of auto‐
matically-displayed
expressions. Use the
list number, n, to
define a specific num‐
ber of expressions to
remove.
Disable display for all expression(s)
Use the list number, n,
to define a specific
number of expressions
to disable.
Symbol Table
This section explains commands for display‐
ing different symbol related attributes in
the program being debugged.
Show all names types of global variables
(all, or matching
the regular expression
specified by regex).
Show where the address of the symbol name
s is stored.
Show names, types of defined functions
(all, or matching
the regular expression
specified by regex).
Describe type, struct, union, or
enum.
If the expres‐
sion, expr, is
specified, it is
described also.
Show data type of expr (or $)
without evaluat‐
ing.
Source Files
This section explains commands for
source level kernel debugging. For
example, commands for displaying and
navigating the source while debug‐
ging.
Add directory names to the front of
the source path.
Clear the source path.
Search the following source lines
for
the regular
expression speci‐
fied by regex.
Show the starting and ending
addresses of code for the source
line
num.
Show the name of the current source
file.
List all source files in use.
Show the next ten lines of source
list.
Show the previous ten lines of
source list.
Show the source list from line
f to line l.
Display the source surrounding
lines, which is
specified as one
of the following:
Display the line
containing
addr.
Display the line
number,
num.
If
file
is
spec‐
i‐
fied,
then
dis‐
play
the
line
num‐
ber
of
file.
Display the begin‐
ning of the func‐
tion,
func.
If
file
is
spec‐
i‐
fied,
then
dis‐
play
the
begin‐
ning
of
func
in
file.
Turn off lines
after the last
printed line.
Turn off lines
previous to last
printed line.
Search preceding source lines for
the regular
expression speci‐
fied by regex.
Show current source path in
dir.
DLKM Commands
This section explains commands for
handling the Dynamically Loadable
Kernel Modules while debugging.
This debugging is similar to shared
library debugging in application
debugging.
Stop on loads of module modname.
If modname
is omitted,
catch all
loads.
Stop on unloads of module
modname.
If modname
is omitted,
catch all
unloads.
Display information about loaded
modules.
Add the directory
to the
search path
for kernel
modules.
Similar to the command but
a temporary
catchpoint.
The catch‐
point which
was set is
deleted
when hit.
If modname
is omitted,
catch all
loads.
Similar to the command but
temporary.
Deleted
when hit.
If modname
is omitted,
catch all
unloads.
Do not catch load for modname.
If modname
is omitted,
do not
catch any
loads.
Do not catch unload for modname.
If modname
is omitted,
do not
catch any
unloads.
Special Debugging Commands
This section explains commands to
modify parameters.
Select CPU n
as
the
viewed
CPU.
Turn memory caching on
or off.
Enable or
dis‐
able
dis‐
play
of
Ita‐
nium-
based
con‐
trol
reg‐
is‐
ters.
Enable or
dis‐
able
dis‐
play
of
Ita‐
nium-
based
float‐
ing
point
reg‐
is‐
ters.
If set
log‐
ging
of
out‐
put
to
the
file,
If
then
dis‐
able
log‐
ging.
Change the name of log
file from
to
name.
Set the num‐
ber
of
pages
for
caching
mem‐
ory
read
from
crash
dump.
Set the num‐
ber
of
retries
for
remote
net‐
work
I/O.
Enable or disable dis‐
play of Itanium-based
performance registers.
Log data packet commu‐
nications to and from
the target to file
for
sup‐
port
pur‐
poses.
If
is
spec‐
i‐
fied,
then
dis‐
able
log‐
ging.
Set to
q4
mode
or
turn
q4
mode
Set the virtual space
ID for memory access
to
sid.
Set num‐
ber
to
define
the
time‐
out
for
remote
net‐
work
I/O
in
tenths
of
sec‐
onds.
Set the terminal out‐
put on or off.
Control the printing
of strings referenced
by character pointers.
Set thread with the
given address
addr
as
the
cur‐
rent
con‐
text.
Set crash event n
as
the
cur‐
rent
con‐
text
dur‐
ing
crash
dump
anal‐
y‐
sis.
n
is
the
index
of
the
crash
event
in
the
crash
event
ta‐
ble.
q4 Commands
Some commands are pre‐
fixed with because the
same commands exist in
KWDB with different
behavior. If runs in
mode, this prefix is
not required.
Add type information
from an object
file.
Process the DLKM mod‐
ule
mod‐
name
for
debug‐
ging.
Print cataloged types
matching
regex.
Use
the
option
to
print
the
header
even
if
out‐
put
is
redi‐
rected.
Print the
assembly code
for function name
or
the
func‐
tion
sur‐
round‐
ing
the
address
addr.
You
can
use
either
the
or
com‐
mand.
Read
from
the
local
copy
of
the
ker‐
nel
file,
and
not
from
the
crash dump
or
remote
tar‐
get.
Print enumer‐
ants in symbol
table with val‐
ues.
Discard struc‐
tures satisfy‐
ing a condition
specified by cond_expr.
Print the
assembly code
for function name
or
the
func‐
tion
sur‐
round‐
ing
the
address
addr.
Evaluate the
expression expr,
which
may
con‐
tain
one
or
more
of
the
fol‐
low‐
ing:
Get
the
phys‐
i‐
cal
address
cor‐
re‐
spond‐
ing
to
the
vir‐
tual
address
vaddr.
vaddr
can
be
an
expres‐
sion.
Get
the
space
of long_addr.
Move
the
off‐
set
of long_addr
to
space.
Cre‐
ate
a
vari‐
able var_name
with
the
value
of
value.
The format of
the command is:
Print
the
con‐
tents
of
mem‐
ory
from
address
addr
using
the
for‐
mat
spec‐
i‐
fied.
Set
the
flag
to
read
the
data
from
the
ker‐
nel
file
and
not
from the
crash
dump
or
to
read
from
the
local
copy
while
doing
remote
debug‐
ging.
Set
the
flag
to
read
the
mem‐
ory
from
given
address
with‐
out
trans‐
la‐
tion.
addr Start
read‐
ing
mem‐
ory
from
the
value
of
addr.
addr
can
be
an
expres‐
sion.
If
omit‐
ted,
use
its
value
from
the
pre‐
vi‐
ous
run.
Spec‐
ify
how
many
lines
to
read. no_of_lines
can
be
an
expres‐
sion.
If
not
given,
use
the
value
from
the
pre‐
vi‐
ous
run.
The
default
value
is
1.
Print n
num‐
ber
of
items
per
line
as
per
the
for‐
mat
spec‐
i‐
fied
by
fmt.
fmt
can
be
any
of
the
fol‐
low‐
ing
char‐
ac‐
ters:
Decre‐
ment
the
address
by
the
cur‐
rent
incre‐
ment
(that
is,
back
up
over
the
pre‐
vi‐
ous
value
retrieved).
Noth‐
ing
is
printed.
Incre‐
ment
the
address
by
one.
Noth‐
ing
is
printed.
Decre‐
ment
the
address
by
one.
Noth‐
ing
is
printed.
Print
the
value
of
dot
as
a
sym‐
bolic
ker‐
nel
address.
The
address
is
not
incre‐
mented.
Print
the
value
of
dot
as
a
dec‐
i‐
mal
num‐
ber.
The
address
is
not
incre‐
mented.
Print
the
address
in
hexa‐
dec‐
i‐
mal.
Incre‐
ment
the
address
by
one
byte.
Print
the
address
in
octal.
Incre‐
ment
the
address
by
one
byte.
Print
a
char‐
ac‐
ter.
Incre‐
ment
address
by
one
byte.
Print
a
char‐
ac‐
ter
with
back‐
slash
escapes
to
make
it
read‐
able.
Incre‐
ment
the
address
by
one
byte.
Print
a
half-
word
in
dec‐
i‐
mal.
Incre‐
ment
the
address
by
two
bytes.
Print
a
word
in
dec‐
i‐
mal.
Incre‐
ment
the
address
by
four
bytes.
Print
an
IEEE
float.
Incre‐
ment
the
address
by
four
bytes.
Print
an
IEEE
dou‐
ble.
Incre‐
ment
the
address
by
eight
bytes.
Print
an
instruc‐
tion.
Incre‐
ment
the
address
by
the
size
of
instruc‐
tion.
Print
a
bun‐
dle
of
instruc‐
tions.
The
address
is
incre‐
mented
by
size
of
a
bun‐
dle.
Print
64
bit
in
hexa‐
dec‐
i‐
mal.
The
address
is
incre‐
mented
by
eight.
Print
a
half-
word
in
octal.
Incre‐
ment
the
address
by
two.
Print
a
word
in
octal.
Incre‐
ment
the
address
by
four.
Print
the
word
that
dot
points
to
as
a
sym‐
bolic
ker‐
nel
address.
Incre‐
ment
the
address
by
four.
Print
a
string.
Incre‐
ment
the
address
by
the
length
of
the
string
(includ‐
ing
the
trail‐
ing
null
char‐
ac‐
ter).
Print
a
string
with
enough
back‐
slash
escapes
to
make
it
read‐
able.
Incre‐
ment
the
address
by
length
of
the
string.
Print
a
half-
word
in
unsigned
dec‐
i‐
mal.
Incre‐
ment
the
address
by
two.
Print
a
word
in
unsigned
dec‐
i‐
mal.
Incre‐
ment
the
address
by
four.
Print
a
half-
word
in
hexa‐
dec‐
i‐
mal.
Incre‐
ment
the
address
by
two.
Print
a
word
in
hexa‐
dec‐
i‐
mal.
Incre‐
ment
the
address
by
four.
Print
a
word
as
a
date
and
time
string.
Incre‐
ment
the
address
by
four
bytes
(see
ctime(3C)
for
for‐
mat
infor‐
ma‐
tion).
expr Eval‐
u‐
ate
the
expres‐
sion
expr
(in
mode
only).
listing fields
of a specified
type in the
format defined
by the follow‐
ing flags:
print
fields
in
C
style.
print
header
even
if
out‐
put
is
redi‐
rected.
print
fields
with
off‐
set
and
size
in
C
style.
expand
any
embed‐
ded
struc‐
tures
in
C
style.
Delete the cur‐
rent pile or
delete a speci‐
fied pile as
specified
below. If
a
pile
is
not
spec‐
i‐
fied,
then
the
cur‐
rent
pile
is
deleted.
num The
pile
num‐
ber.
The
num‐
ber
of
piles
before
the
cur‐
rent
pile.
name The
pile
name.
Print a list of
q4 commands
Print the help
message for the
specified q4
command, cmd.
Print the his‐
tory of loaded
data struc‐
tures.
Load the PERL
script from the
specified file.
Enable process‐
ing for and
list
the
types
of
reg‐
is‐
ters
whose
name
match
with
the
reg‐
u‐
lar
expres‐
sion
spec‐
i‐
fied
by
regex.
If
the
regex
argu‐
ment
is
omit‐
ted,
list
all
types
that
have
the
name
CLASH.
Select struc‐
tures satisfy‐
ing a condi‐
tion, cond_expr.
The format of
the command is:
Read a collec‐
tion of struc‐
tures:
Read
the
struc‐
tures
with‐
out
address
trans‐
la‐
tion.
type The
type
of
the
data
struc‐
ture
to
read.
If
the
type
is
not
given,
then
use
the
type
of
addr
if
avail‐
able.
Start
read‐
ing
struc‐
tures
from
the
value
of addr.
addr
can
be
an
expres‐
sion.
Read
at
most expr
num‐
ber
of
struc‐
tures.
Skip expr
num‐
ber
of
struc‐
tures
before
start‐
ing
to
read.
The
name
of
the
field
in
the
struc‐
ture
which
points
to
the next
struc‐
ture
in
a
linked
list.
Read
struc‐
tures
until addr
is
reached.
addr
can
be
an
expres‐
sion.
Merge data from
a pile speci‐
fied by num,
-num,
or
name
to
the
cur‐
rent
pile.
See
the
com‐
mand
for
infor‐
ma‐
tion
on
num,
-num,
and
name.
Print details
of currently
loaded DLKM
modules.
Name the cur‐
rent pile or
the pile speci‐
fied with name.
Read structures
of type
from
val‐
ues
of
field
from
the
cur‐
rent
pile.
Pop the piles
marked by last
pushhistory.
Save the state
of the current
pile history
for future pop‐
ping.
The format of
the command is:
Print
fields
in
the
cur‐
rent
pile.
The
options
are:
Print
numer‐
i‐
cal
value
of
the
field
using
the for‐
mat.
For‐
mat
char‐
ac‐
ters
for
can
be
used
in
fmt.
Print
the
inte‐
ger
fields
in
dec‐
i‐
mal
for‐
mat.
Turn
on
the
col‐
umn
head‐
ing
even
if
the
out‐
put
is
redi‐
rected.
Turn
off
the
col‐
umn
head‐
ing
even
if
out‐
put
is
not
redi‐
rected.
Print
inte‐
ger
fields
in
octal
for‐
mat.
Print
fields
one
per
line
instead
of
in
mul‐
ti‐
ple
col‐
umns.
Print
inte‐
ger
fields
in
hexa‐
dec‐
i‐
mal
for‐
mat.
The format of
the command is:
Print
a
struc‐
ture
from
the
value
of
addr.
addr
can
be
an
expres‐
sion.
options All
the
options
avail‐
able
for
the
first
form
of
the
print
com‐
mand
shown
above
are
valid.
type The
type
of
the
data
struc‐
ture
to
print.
If
the
type
is
not
given,
use
the
type
of
addr
if
avail‐
able.
Start
print‐
ing
struc‐
tures
from
the
value
of addr.
addr
can
be
an
expres‐
sion.
Run a PERL
script function func
with
or
with‐
out
args.
Print kernel
symbols match‐
ing reg‐
exp.
Display the
stack trace for
the crash event
number (num)
for
the
crash
tar‐
get
only.
The
options
for
all
the
com‐
mands
are
as
fol‐
lows:
Print
input,
local
and
out‐
put
reg‐
is‐
ters
for
each
frame.
Print
reg‐
is‐
ters
for
the
first
level
and
argu‐
ments
for
each
frame.
Ver‐
bose.
Display stack
trace with pc
and sp (PA-RISC
only).
Display stack
trace for
structures from
the current
pile for process,
pro‐
ces‐
sor,
thread
and
crash
event
struc‐
tures.
Display stack
trace for the
process at addr.
Display stack
trace for the
processor num‐
ber specified
by num.
Display stack
trace for at
addr.
Display stack
trace for
thread at addr.
Remove a user
defined vari‐
able specified
by var_name.
Make a pile
which is speci‐
fied by num,
-num,
or
name.
See
the
com‐
mand
for
infor‐
ma‐
tion
on
num,
-num,
and
name.
Execute the
shell command
specified by cmd.
Display the
page table
entry or trans‐
lation regis‐
ters used for trans‐
lat‐
ing
addr.
Display all
user defined
variables and
values.
The format of
the command is:
Write
the
given
data
into
mem‐
ory
or
into
a
ker‐
nel
file
at
the
address
spec‐
i‐
fied
by
addr.
Options
and
have
the
same
mean‐
ings
as
explained
in
the
com‐
mand.
data The
data
to
be
writ‐
ten.
addr The
address
to
write
the
data
to.
addr
can
be
an
expres‐
sion
includ‐
ing
ker‐
nel
sym‐
bols.
for‐
mat The
for‐
mat
is
the
char‐
ac‐
ter
(for
1
byte),
(for
2
bytes),
(for
4
bytes),
(for
8
bytes),
(for
1
byte),
or
(length
of
string).
The
default
for‐
mat
for
numeric
data
is
Miscellaneous Com‐
mands
This section
explains com‐
mands for per‐
forming miscel‐
laneous activi‐
ties in the
debugger while
debugging the
target.
Set working
directory to dir
for
the
debug‐
ger
and
pro‐
gram
being
debugged.
Define a new
command, cmd.
The
def‐
i‐
ni‐
tion
appears
on
fol‐
low‐
ing
lines,
one
com‐
mand
per
line.
End
with
a
line
that
has
only
Document a
user-defined
command, cmd.
Give
doc‐
u‐
men‐
ta‐
tion
on
the
fol‐
low‐
ing
lines.
End
with
a
line
that
has
only
Use file
as
the
pro‐
gram
to
be
debugged.
Print the work‐
ing directory.
Execute the
rest of the
line with com‐
mand_line
as
a
shell
com‐
mand.
Read and run
commands from a
file named script.
The commands
not supported
by KWDB
include:
and
EXTERNAL INFLUENCES
The following
environment
variables
influence the
behavior of
KWDB.
The path
of the file
for
to
use
for
pre‐
pro‐
cess‐
ing
the
ker‐
nel
file
and
mod‐
ule
files.
The
default
path
is
The path
of the
PERL for KWDB
to
use
while
run‐
ning
in
PERL
pro‐
gram‐
ming
mode.
The
default
path
is
The path
which
controls
the
location
of PERL
and
startup
scripts. The
default
path
is
The path
of the
start up
PERL
script
file. The
default
path
is
AUTHOR
was developed
by the Free
Software Foun‐
dation, Inc.
FILES
The
user's
global
initial‐
ization
file
which
sets the
initial
debugger state
no
mat‐
ter
in
which
direc‐
tory
the
debug‐
ger
is
started.
The
user's
local
initial‐
ization
file
which
sets the
initial
debugger state
when
the
debug‐
ger
is
started
in
the
direc‐
tory
con‐
tain‐
ing
this
file.
The
com‐
mands
in
if
present,
are
exe‐
cuted
first
fol‐
lowed
by
the
com‐
mands
in
SEE ALSOgdb(1), wdb(1),
ctime(3C).
COPYRIGHT
Copyright (c)
1991 Free Soft‐
ware Founda‐
tion, Inc.
Permission is
granted to make
and distribute
verbatim copies
of this manual
provided the
copyright
notice and this
permission
notice are pre‐
served on all
copies.
Permission is
granted to copy
and distribute
modified ver‐
sions of this
manual under
the conditions
for verbatim
copying, pro‐
vided that the
entire result‐
ing derived
work is dis‐
tributed under
the terms of a
permission
notice identi‐
cal to this
one.
Permission is
granted to copy
and distribute
translations of
this manual
into another
language, under
the above con‐
ditions for
modified ver‐
sions, except
that this per‐
mission notice
may be included
in translations
approved by the
Free Software
Foundation
instead of in
the original
English.
kwdb(1M)
