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CTYPE(3C)							     CTYPE(3C)

NAME
       ctype,  isalpha,	 isalnum, isascii, isblank, iscntrl, isdigit, islower,
       isprint, isspace, isupper, ispunct, isgraph, isxdigit - character  han‐
       dling

SYNOPSIS
       #include <ctype.h>

       int isalpha(int c);

       int isalnum(int c);

       int isascii(int c);

       int isblank(int c);

       int iscntrl(int c);

       int isdigit(int c);

       int isgraph(int c);

       int islower(int c);

       int isprint(int c);

       int ispunct(int c);

       int isspace(int c);

       int isupper(int c);

       int isxdigit(int c);

DESCRIPTION
       These  macros classify character-coded integer values. Each is a predi‐
       cate returning non-zero for true, 0 for false. The  behavior  of	 these
       macros, except isascii(), is affected by the current locale (see setlo‐
       cale(3C)). To modify the behavior, change the LC_TYPE category in  set‐
       locale(),  that	is, setlocale(LC_CTYPE, newlocale). In the "C" locale,
       or in a locale where character type information is not defined, charac‐
       ters  are classified according to the rules of the US-ASCII 7-bit coded
       character set.

       The isascii() macro is defined on all  integer  values.	The  rest  are
       defined only where the argument is an int, the value of which is repre‐
       sentable as an unsigned char, or EOF, which is defined by the <stdio.h>
       header and represents end-of-file.

       Functions  exist	 for all the macros defined below. To get the function
       form, the macro name must be undefined (for example, #undef isdigit).

       For macros described with Default  and  Standard	 conforming  versions,
       standard-conforming behavior is provided for standard-conforming appli‐
       cations	(see  standards(5))   and   for	  applications	 that	define
       __XPG4_CHAR_CLASS__ before including <ctype.h>.

   Default
       isalpha()
		    Tests  for	any character for which isupper() or islower()
		    is true.

   Standard conforming
       isalpha()
		    Tests for any character for which isupper()	 or  islower()
		    is	true,  or  any	character  that	 is one of the current
		    locale-defined set of characters for which none  of	 iscn‐
		    trl(),  isdigit(), ispunct(), or isspace() is true. In "C"
		    locale, isalpha() returns true only for the characters for
		    which isupper() or islower() is true.

       isalnum()
		    Tests  for	any character for which isalpha() or isdigit()
		    is true (letter or digit).

       isascii()
		    Tests for any ASCII character, code	 between  0  and  0177
		    inclusive.

       isblank()
		    Tests  whether c is a character of class blank in the cur‐
		    rent locale.  This	macro/function	is  not	 available  to
		    applications  conforming  to standards prior to SUSv3. See
		    standards(5)

       iscntrl()
		    Tests for any ``control  character''  as  defined  by  the
		    character set.

       isdigit()
		    Tests for any decimal-digit character.

   Default
       isgraph()
		    Tests  for	any  character for which ispunct(), isupper(),
		    islower(), and isdigit() is true.

   Standard conforming
       isgraph()
		    Tests for any character for which isalnum() and  ispunct()
		    are	 true,	or any character in the current locale-defined
		    "graph" class which is neither a space ("") nor a  charac‐
		    ter for which iscntrl() is true.

       islower()
		    Tests  for any character that is a lower-case letter or is
		    one of the current locale-defined set  of  characters  for
		    which  none of iscntrl(), isdigit(), ispunct(), isspace(),
		    or isupper()  is  true.   In  the  "C"  locale,  islower()
		    returns true only for the characters defined as lower-case
		    ASCII characters.

   Default
       isprint()
		    Tests for any character for	 which	ispunct(),  isupper(),
		    islower(),	isdigit(),  and	 the  space  character ("") is
		    true.

   Standard conforming
       isprint()
		    Tests for any character for which iscntrl() is false,  and
		    isalnum(), isgraph(), ispunct(), the space character (""),
		    and the characters in the current  locale-defined  "print"
		    class are true.

       ispunct()
		    Tests  for any printing character which is neither a space
		    ("") nor a character for which isalnum() or	 iscntrl()  is
		    true.

       isspace()
		    Tests for any space, tab, carriage-return, newline, verti‐
		    cal-tab or form-feed (standard white-space characters)  or
		    for	 one  of  the current locale-defined set of characters
		    for which isalnum() is false.  In  the  "C"	 locale,  iss‐
		    pace()  returns  true  only	 for  the standard white-space
		    characters.

       isupper()
		    Tests for any character that is an upper-case letter or is
		    one	 of  the  current locale-defined set of characters for
		    which none of iscntrl(), isdigit(), ispunct(),  isspace(),
		    or	islower()  is  true.   In  the	"C"  locale, isupper()
		    returns true only for the characters defined as upper-case
		    ASCII characters.

   Default
       isxdigit()
		     Tests  for any hexadecimal-digit character ([0−9], [A−F],
		     or [a−f]).

   Standard conforming
       isxdigit()
		     Tests for any hexadecimal-digit character ([0−9],	[A−F],
		     or [a−f] or the current locale-defined sets of characters
		     representing the hexadecimal digits 10 to 15  inclusive).
		     In the "C" locale, only

		       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F a b c d e f

		     are included.

RETURN VALUES
       If  the	argument to any of the character handling macros is not in the
       domain of the function, the result is undefined. Otherwise,  the	 macro
       or function returns non-zero if the classification is TRUE and 0 if the
       classification is FALSE.

USAGE
       These macros or functions can be used safely in multithreaded  applica‐
       tions,  as  long	 as  setlocale(3C)  is	not being called to change the
       locale.

ATTRIBUTES
       See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:

       ┌──────────────────────────────────────────────┐
       │ATTRIBUTE TYPE	      ATTRIBUTE VALUE	      │
       │CSI		      Enabled		      │
       │Interface Stability   Standard		      │
       │MT-Level	      MT-Safe with exceptions │
       └──────────────────────────────────────────────┘

SEE ALSO
       setlocale(3C), stdio(3C), ascii(5), environ(5), standards(5)

				 Jan 28, 2005			     CTYPE(3C)
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