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IPF(4)									IPF(4)

NAME
       ipf - packet filtering kernel interface

SYNOPSIS
       #include <netinet/ip_compat.h>
       #include <netinet/ip_fil.h>

IOCTLS
       To  add	and  delete rules to the filter list, three 'basic' ioctls are
       provided for use.  The ioctl's are called as:

	    ioctl(fd, SIOCADDFR, struct frentry **)
	    ioctl(fd, SIOCDELFR, struct frentry **)
	    ioctl(fd, SIOCIPFFL, int *)

       However, the full complement is as follows:

	    ioctl(fd, SIOCADAFR, struct frentry **) (same as SIOCADDFR)
	    ioctl(fd, SIOCRMAFR, struct frentry **) (same as SIOCDELFR)
	    ioctl(fd, SIOCADIFR, struct frentry **)
	    ioctl(fd, SIOCRMIFR, struct frentry **)
	    ioctl(fd, SIOCINAFR, struct frentry **)
	    ioctl(fd, SIOCINIFR, struct frentry **)
	    ioctl(fd, SIOCSETFF, u_int *)
	    ioctl(fd, SIOGGETFF, u_int *)
	    ioctl(fd, SIOCGETFS, struct friostat **)
	    ioctl(fd, SIOCIPFFL, int *)
	    ioctl(fd, SIOCIPFFB, int *)
	    ioctl(fd, SIOCSWAPA, u_int *)
	    ioctl(fd, SIOCFRENB, u_int *)
	    ioctl(fd, SIOCFRSYN, u_int *)
	    ioctl(fd, SIOCFRZST, struct friostat **)
	    ioctl(fd, SIOCZRLST, struct frentry **)
	    ioctl(fd, SIOCAUTHW, struct fr_info **)
	    ioctl(fd, SIOCAUTHR, struct fr_info **)
	    ioctl(fd, SIOCATHST, struct fr_authstat **)

       The variations, SIOCADAFR vs. SIOCADIFR, allow  operation  on  the  two
       lists,  active  and  inactive,  respectively.  All of these ioctl's are
       implemented as being routing ioctls and thus the	 same  rules  for  the
       various	routing	 ioctls	 and  the file descriptor are employed, mainly
       being that the fd must be that of the device associated with the module
       (i.e., /dev/ipl).

       The three groups of ioctls above perform adding rules to the end of the
       list (SIOCAD*), deletion of rules from any place in the list  (SIOCRM*)
       and  insertion  of a rule into the list (SIOCIN*).  The rule place into
       which it is inserted is stored in the "fr_hits" field, below.

       typedef struct  frentry {
	       struct  frentry *fr_next;
	       u_short fr_group;       /* group to which this rule belongs */
	       u_short fr_grhead;      /* group # which this rule starts */
	       struct  frentry *fr_grp;
	       int     fr_ref;	       /* reference count - for grouping */
	       void    *fr_ifa;
       #if BSD >= 199306
	       void    *fr_oifa;
       #endif
	       /*
		* These are only incremented when a packet  matches this rule and
		* it is the last match
		*/
	       U_QUAD_T	       fr_hits;
	       U_QUAD_T	       fr_bytes;
	       /*
		* Fields after this may not change whilst in the kernel.
		*/
	       struct  fr_ip   fr_ip;
	       struct  fr_ip   fr_mip; /* mask structure */

	       u_char  fr_tcpfm;       /* tcp flags mask */
	       u_char  fr_tcpf;	       /* tcp flags */

	       u_short fr_icmpm;       /* data for ICMP packets (mask) */
	       u_short fr_icmp;

	       u_char  fr_scmp;	       /* data for port comparisons */
	       u_char  fr_dcmp;
	       u_short fr_dport;
	       u_short fr_sport;
	       u_short fr_stop;	       /* top port for <> and >< */
	       u_short fr_dtop;	       /* top port for <> and >< */
	       u_32_t  fr_flags;       /* per-rule flags && options (see below) */
	       u_short fr_skip;	       /* # of rules to skip */
	       u_short fr_loglevel;    /* syslog log facility + priority */
	       int     (*fr_func) __P((int, ip_t *, fr_info_t *));
	       char    fr_icode;       /* return ICMP code */
	       char    fr_ifname[IFNAMSIZ];
       #if BSD > 199306
	       char    fr_oifname[IFNAMSIZ];
       #endif
	       struct  frdest  fr_tif; /* "to" interface */
	       struct  frdest  fr_dif; /* duplicate packet interfaces */
       } frentry_t;

       When adding a new rule, all unused fields (in the filter	 rule)	should
       be  initialised to be zero.  To insert a rule, at a particular position
       in the filter list, the number of the rule which it is to  be  inserted
       before must be put in the "fr_hits" field (the first rule is number 0).

       Flags which are recognised in fr_flags:

	    FR_BLOCK	    0x000001   /* do not allow packet to pass */
	    FR_PASS	    0x000002   /* allow packet to pass */
	    FR_OUTQUE	    0x000004   /* outgoing packets */
	    FR_INQUE	    0x000008   /* ingoing packets */
	    FR_LOG	    0x000010   /* Log */
	    FR_LOGB	    0x000011   /* Log-fail */
	    FR_LOGP	    0x000012   /* Log-pass */
	    FR_LOGBODY	    0x000020   /* log the body of packets too */
	    FR_LOGFIRST	    0x000040   /* log only the first packet to match */
	    FR_RETRST	    0x000080   /* return a TCP RST packet if blocked */
	    FR_RETICMP	    0x000100   /* return an ICMP packet if blocked */
	    FR_FAKEICMP	    0x00180    /* Return ICMP unreachable with fake source */
	    FR_NOMATCH	    0x000200   /* no match occured */
	    FR_ACCOUNT	    0x000400   /* count packet bytes */
	    FR_KEEPFRAG	    0x000800   /* keep fragment information */
	    FR_KEEPSTATE    0x001000   /* keep `connection' state information */
	    FR_INACTIVE	    0x002000
	    FR_QUICK	    0x004000   /* match & stop processing list */
	    FR_FASTROUTE    0x008000   /* bypass normal routing */
	    FR_CALLNOW	    0x010000   /* call another function (fr_func) if matches */
	    FR_DUP	    0x020000   /* duplicate the packet */
	    FR_LOGORBLOCK   0x040000   /* block the packet if it can't be logged */
	    FR_NOTSRCIP	    0x080000   /* not the src IP# */
	    FR_NOTDSTIP	    0x100000   /* not the dst IP# */
	    FR_AUTH	    0x200000   /* use authentication */
	    FR_PREAUTH	    0x400000   /* require preauthentication */

       Values  for  fr_scomp  and  fr_dcomp (source and destination port value
       comparisons) :

	    FR_NONE	    0
	    FR_EQUAL	    1
	    FR_NEQUAL	    2
	    FR_LESST	    3
	    FR_GREATERT	    4
	    FR_LESSTE	    5
	    FR_GREATERTE    6
	    FR_OUTRANGE	    7
	    FR_INRANGE	    8

       The third ioctl, SIOCIPFFL, flushes either the input filter  list,  the
       output filter list or both and it returns the number of filters removed
       from the list(s).  The values which it  will  take  and	recognise  are
       FR_INQUE and FR_OUTQUE (see above).  This ioctl is also implemented for
       /dev/ipstate and will flush all state tables entries  if	 passed	 0  or
       just all those which are not established if passed 1.

       General Logging Flags
       There  are  two	flags which can be set to log packets independently of
       the rules used.	These allow for packets which  are  either  passed  or
       blocked	to  be logged.	To set (and clear)/get these flags, two ioctls
       are provided:

       SIOCSETFF       Takes an unsigned integer as the parameter.  The	 flags
		       are then set to those provided (clearing/setting all in
		       one).

			    FF_LOGPASS	   0x10000000
			    FF_LOGBLOCK	   0x20000000
			    FF_LOGNOMATCH  0x40000000
			    FF_BLOCKNONIP  0x80000000	 /* Solaris 2.x only */

       SIOCGETFF       Takes a pointer to an unsigned integer as  the  parame‐
		       ter.   A	 copy of the flags currently in used is copied
		       to user space.

       Filter statistics
       Statistics on the various operations performed by this package on pack‐
       ets  is	kept  inside  the  kernel.   These statistics apply to packets
       traversing through the kernel.  To retrieve this	 structure,  use  this
       ioctl:

	    ioctl(fd, SIOCGETFS, struct friostat *)

       struct  friostat	       {
	       struct  filterstats     f_st[2];
	       struct  frentry	       *f_fin[2];
	       struct  frentry	       *f_fout[2];
	       struct  frentry	       *f_acctin[2];
	       struct  frentry	       *f_acctout[2];
	       struct  frentry	       *f_auth;
	       u_long  f_froute[2];
	       int     f_active;       /* 1 or 0 - active rule set */
	       int     f_defpass;      /* default pass - from fr_pass */
	       int     f_running;      /* 1 if running, else 0 */
	       int     f_logging;      /* 1 if enabled, else 0 */
	       char    f_version[32];  /* version string */
       };

       struct	 filterstats {
	       u_long  fr_pass;	       /* packets allowed */
	       u_long  fr_block;       /* packets denied */
	       u_long  fr_nom;	       /* packets which don't match any rule */
	       u_long  fr_ppkl;	       /* packets allowed and logged */
	       u_long  fr_bpkl;	       /* packets denied and logged */
	       u_long  fr_npkl;	       /* packets unmatched and logged */
	       u_long  fr_pkl;	       /* packets logged */
	       u_long  fr_skip;	       /* packets to be logged but buffer full */
	       u_long  fr_ret;	       /* packets for which a return is sent */
	       u_long  fr_acct;	       /* packets for which counting was performed */
	       u_long  fr_bnfr;	       /* bad attempts to allocate fragment state */
	       u_long  fr_nfr;	       /* new fragment state kept */
	       u_long  fr_cfr;	       /* add new fragment state but complete pkt */
	       u_long  fr_bads;	       /* bad attempts to allocate packet state */
	       u_long  fr_ads;	       /* new packet state kept */
	       u_long  fr_chit;	       /* cached hit */
	       u_long  fr_pull[2];     /* good and bad pullup attempts */
       #if SOLARIS
	       u_long  fr_notdata;     /* PROTO/PCPROTO that have no data */
	       u_long  fr_nodata;      /* mblks that have no data */
	       u_long  fr_bad;	       /* bad IP packets to the filter */
	       u_long  fr_notip;       /* packets passed through no on ip queue */
	       u_long  fr_drop;	       /* packets dropped - no info for them! */
       #endif
       };
       If we wanted to retrieve all the statistics and reset the counters back
       to 0, then the ioctl() call would be  made  to  SIOCFRZST  rather  than
       SIOCGETFS.   In addition to the statistics above, each rule keeps a hit
       count, counting both number of packets and bytes.  To reset these coun‐
       ters  for  a  rule,  load  the  various rule information into a frentry
       structure and call SIOCZRLST.

       Swapping Active lists
       IP Filter supports two lists of rules for filtering and accounting:  an
       active  list  and  an  inactive list.  This allows for large scale rule
       base changes to be put  in  place  atomically  with  otherwise  minimal
       interruption.   Which  of  the  two  is active can be changed using the
       SIOCSWAPA ioctl.	 It is important to note that no  passed  argument  is
       recognised and that the value returned is that of the list which is now
       inactive.

FILES
       /dev/ipauth
       /dev/ipl
       /dev/ipnat
       /dev/ipstate

SEE ALSO
       ipl(4), ipnat(4), ipf(5), ipf(8), ipfstat(8)

									IPF(4)
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