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inttypes.h(0P)		   POSIX Programmer's Manual		inttypes.h(0P)

PROLOG
       This  manual  page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.  The Linux
       implementation of this interface may differ (consult the	 corresponding
       Linux  manual page for details of Linux behavior), or the interface may
       not be implemented on Linux.

NAME
       inttypes.h — fixed size integer types

SYNOPSIS
       #include <inttypes.h>

DESCRIPTION
       Some of the functionality described on this reference page extends  the
       ISO C  standard. Applications shall define the appropriate feature test
       macro (see the System Interfaces volume of POSIX.1‐2008,	 Section  2.2,
       The  Compilation Environment) to enable the visibility of these symbols
       in this header.

       The <inttypes.h> header shall include the <stdint.h> header.

       The <inttypes.h> header shall define at least the following types:

       imaxdiv_t   Structure type that is the type of the  value  returned  by
		   the imaxdiv() function.

       wchar_t	   As described in <stddef.h>.

       The <inttypes.h> header shall define the following macros. Each expands
       to a character string literal containing a conversion specifier, possi‐
       bly  modified  by a length modifier, suitable for use within the format
       argument of a formatted input/output function when converting the  cor‐
       responding  integer  type.  These  macros  have the general form of PRI
       (character string literals for the fprintf() and fwprintf()  family  of
       functions)  or SCN (character string literals for the fscanf() and fws‐
       canf() family of functions), followed by the conversion specifier, fol‐
       lowed by a name corresponding to a similar type name in <stdint.h>.  In
       these names, N represents  the  width  of  the  type  as	 described  in
       <stdint.h>.   For example, PRIdFAST32 can be used in a format string to
       print the value of an integer of type int_fast32_t.

       The fprintf() macros for signed integers are:

	      PRIdN	   PRIdLEASTN	PRIdFASTN    PRIdMAX	  PRIdPTR
	      PRIiN	   PRIiLEASTN	PRIiFASTN    PRIiMAX	  PRIiPTR

       The fprintf() macros for unsigned integers are:

	      PRIoN	   PRIoLEASTN	PRIoFASTN    PRIoMAX	  PRIoPTR
	      PRIuN	   PRIuLEASTN	PRIuFASTN    PRIuMAX	  PRIuPTR
	      PRIxN	   PRIxLEASTN	PRIxFASTN    PRIxMAX	  PRIxPTR
	      PRIXN	   PRIXLEASTN	PRIXFASTN    PRIXMAX	  PRIXPTR

       The fscanf() macros for signed integers are:

	      SCNdN	   SCNdLEASTN	SCNdFASTN    SCNdMAX	  SCNdPTR
	      SCNiN	   SCNiLEASTN	SCNiFASTN    SCNiMAX	  SCNiPTR

       The fscanf() macros for unsigned integers are:

	      SCNoN	   SCNoLEASTN	SCNoFASTN    SCNoMAX	  SCNoPTR
	      SCNuN	   SCNuLEASTN	SCNuFASTN    SCNuMAX	  SCNuPTR
	      SCNxN	   SCNxLEASTN	SCNxFASTN    SCNxMAX	  SCNxPTR

       For each type that the implementation provides in <stdint.h>, the  cor‐
       responding  fprintf()  and  fwprintf()  macros shall be defined and the
       corresponding fscanf() and fwscanf() macros shall be defined unless the
       implementation does not have a suitable modifier for the type.

       The following shall be declared as functions and may also be defined as
       macros. Function prototypes shall be provided.

	   intmax_t  imaxabs(intmax_t);
	   imaxdiv_t imaxdiv(intmax_t, intmax_t);
	   intmax_t  strtoimax(const char *restrict, char **restrict, int);
	   uintmax_t strtoumax(const char *restrict, char **restrict, int);
	   intmax_t  wcstoimax(const wchar_t *restrict, wchar_t **restrict, int);
	   uintmax_t wcstoumax(const wchar_t *restrict, wchar_t **restrict, int);

       The following sections are informative.

EXAMPLES
       #include <inttypes.h>
       #include <wchar.h>
       int main(void)
       {
	   uintmax_t i = UINTMAX_MAX; // This type always exists.
	   wprintf(L"The largest integer value is %020"
	       PRIxMAX "\n", i);
	   return 0;
       }

APPLICATION USAGE
       The purpose of <inttypes.h> is to provide a set of integer types	 whose
       definitions are consistent across machines and independent of operating
       systems and other implementation idiosyncrasies.	 It  defines,  through
       typedef,	 integer  types	 of various sizes. Implementations are free to
       typedef them as ISO C standard integer types or	extensions  that  they
       support. Consistent use of this header will greatly increase the porta‐
       bility of applications across platforms.

RATIONALE
       The ISO/IEC 9899:1990 standard specified that the language should  sup‐
       port  four signed and unsigned integer data types—char, short, int, and
       long—but placed very little requirement on their size other  than  that
       int  and	 short be at least 16 bits and long be at least as long as int
       and not smaller than 32 bits. For 16-bit systems, most  implementations
       assigned	 8, 16, 16, and 32 bits to char, short, int, and long, respec‐
       tively. For 32-bit systems, the common practice has been to  assign  8,
       16,  32,	 and  32  bits to these types. This difference in int size can
       create some problems for users who migrate from one system  to  another
       which assigns different sizes to integer types, because the ISO C stan‐
       dard integer promotion rule can produce	silent	changes	 unexpectedly.
       The  need  for  defining	 an  extended  integer type increased with the
       introduction of 64-bit systems.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS
       Macro names beginning with PRI or SCN followed by any lowercase	letter
       or 'X' may be added to the macros defined in the <inttypes.h> header.

SEE ALSO
       <stddef.h>

       The System Interfaces volume of POSIX.1‐2008, Section 2.2, The Compila‐
       tion Environment, imaxabs(), imaxdiv(), strtoimax(), wcstoimax()

COPYRIGHT
       Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in  electronic  form
       from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2013 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
       -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX),	The  Open  Group  Base
       Specifications Issue 7, Copyright (C) 2013 by the Institute of Electri‐
       cal and Electronics Engineers,  Inc  and	 The  Open  Group.   (This  is
       POSIX.1-2008  with  the	2013  Technical Corrigendum 1 applied.) In the
       event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
       The  Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
       is the referee document. The original Standard can be  obtained	online
       at http://www.unix.org/online.html .

       Any  typographical  or  formatting  errors that appear in this page are
       most likely to have been introduced during the conversion of the source
       files  to  man page format. To report such errors, see https://www.ker‐
       nel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html .

IEEE/The Open Group		     2013			inttypes.h(0P)
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