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<inttypes.h>(P)		   POSIX Programmer's Manual	       <inttypes.h>(P)

PROLOG
       This  manual  page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.  The Linux
       implementation of this interface may differ (consult the	 corresponding
       Linux  manual page for details of Linux behavior), or the interface may
       not be implemented on Linux.

NAME
       inttypes.h - fixed size integer types

SYNOPSIS
       #include <inttypes.h>

DESCRIPTION
       Some of the functionality described on this reference page extends  the
       ISO C  standard. Applications shall define the appropriate feature test
       macro (see the System Interfaces volume of  IEEE Std 1003.1-2001,  Sec‐
       tion  2.2,  The	Compilation  Environment)  to enable the visibility of
       these symbols in this header.

       The <inttypes.h> header shall include the <stdint.h> header.

       The <inttypes.h> header shall include a definition of at least the fol‐
       lowing type:

       imaxdiv_t
	      Structure	 type  that  is	 the type of the value returned by the
	      imaxdiv() function.

       The following macros shall be defined.  Each  expands  to  a  character
       string  literal containing a conversion specifier, possibly modified by
       a length modifier, suitable for use within the  format  argument	 of  a
       formatted input/output function when converting the corresponding inte‐
       ger type. These macros have the general form of PRI  (character	string
       literals	 for  the fprintf() and fwprintf() family of functions) or SCN
       (character string literals for the fscanf()  and	 fwscanf()  family  of
       functions),  followed  by  the conversion specifier, followed by a name
       corresponding to a similar type name in <stdint.h>. In these  names,  N
       represents the width of the type as described in <stdint.h>.  For exam‐
       ple, PRIdFAST32 can be used in a format string to print the value of an
       integer of type int_fast32_t.

       The fprintf() macros for signed integers are:

		   PRIdN  PRIdLEASTN  PRIdFASTN	 PRIdMAX  PRIdPTR
		   PRIiN  PRIiLEASTN  PRIiFASTN	 PRIiMAX  PRIiPTR

       The fprintf() macros for unsigned integers are:

		   PRIoN  PRIoLEASTN  PRIoFASTN	 PRIoMAX  PRIoPTR
		   PRIuN  PRIuLEASTN  PRIuFASTN	 PRIuMAX  PRIuPTR
		   PRIxN  PRIxLEASTN  PRIxFASTN	 PRIxMAX  PRIxPTR
		   PRIXN  PRIXLEASTN  PRIXFASTN	 PRIXMAX  PRIXPTR

       The fscanf() macros for signed integers are:

		   SCNdN  SCNdLEASTN  SCNdFASTN	 SCNdMAX  SCNdPTR
		   SCNiN  SCNiLEASTN  SCNiFASTN	 SCNiMAX  SCNiPTR

       The fscanf() macros for unsigned integers are:

		   SCNoN  SCNoLEASTN  SCNoFASTN	 SCNoMAX  SCNoPTR
		   SCNuN  SCNuLEASTN  SCNuFASTN	 SCNuMAX  SCNuPTR
		   SCNxN  SCNxLEASTN  SCNxFASTN	 SCNxMAX  SCNxPTR

       For  each type that the implementation provides in <stdint.h>, the cor‐
       responding fprintf() and fwprintf() macros shall	 be  defined  and  the
       corresponding fscanf() and fwscanf() macros shall be defined unless the
       implementation does not have a suitable modifier for the type.

       The following shall be declared as functions and may also be defined as
       macros. Function prototypes shall be provided.

	      intmax_t	imaxabs(intmax_t);
	      imaxdiv_t imaxdiv(intmax_t, intmax_t);
	      intmax_t	strtoimax(const char *restrict, char **restrict, int);
	      uintmax_t strtoumax(const char *restrict, char **restrict, int);
	      intmax_t	wcstoimax(const wchar_t *restrict, wchar_t **restrict, int);
	      uintmax_t wcstoumax(const wchar_t *restrict, wchar_t **restrict, int);

EXAMPLES
	      #include <inttypes.h>
	      #include <wchar.h>
	      int main(void)
	      {
		  uintmax_t i = UINTMAX_MAX; // This type always exists.
		  wprintf(L"The largest integer value is %020"
		      PRIxMAX "\n", i);
		  return 0;
	      }

       The following sections are informative.

APPLICATION USAGE
       The  purpose of <inttypes.h> is to provide a set of integer types whose
       definitions are consistent across machines and independent of operating
       systems and other implementation idiosyncrasies.	 It defines, via type‐
       def, integer types of various sizes. Implementations are free to	 type‐
       def  them  as ISO C standard integer types or extensions that they sup‐
       port. Consistent use of this header will greatly increase the portabil‐
       ity of applications across platforms.

RATIONALE
       The  ISO/IEC 9899:1990 standard specified that the language should sup‐
       port four signed and unsigned integer data types- char, short, int, and
       long-  but placed very little requirement on their size other than that
       int and short be at least 16 bits and long be at least as long  as  int
       and  not smaller than 32 bits. For 16-bit systems, most implementations
       assigned 8, 16, 16, and 32 bits to char, short, int, and long,  respec‐
       tively.	For  32-bit systems, the common practice has been to assign 8,
       16, 32, and 32 bits to these types. This difference  in	int  size  can
       create  some  problems for users who migrate from one system to another
       which assigns different sizes to integer types, because the ISO C stan‐
       dard  integer  promotion	 rule can produce silent changes unexpectedly.
       The need for defining an	 extended  integer  type  increased  with  the
       introduction of 64-bit systems.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS
       Macro  names beginning with PRI or SCN followed by any lowercase letter
       or 'X' may be added to the macros defined in the <inttypes.h> header.

SEE ALSO
       The System Interfaces volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, imaxdiv()

COPYRIGHT
       Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in  electronic  form
       from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
       -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX),	The  Open  Group  Base
       Specifications  Issue  6,  Copyright  (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of
       Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open  Group.  In  the
       event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
       The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group  Standard
       is  the	referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online
       at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .

IEEE/The Open Group		     2003		       <inttypes.h>(P)
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