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INSSERV(8)							    INSSERV(8)

NAME
       insserv	-  boot	 sequence organizer using LSB init.d script dependency
       information

SYNOPSIS
       insserv	   [-v]	    [-c <config>]      [-p <path>]	[-d]	  [-f]
       [[/]path/to/init.d/]script ...

       insserv		  [-v]		  [-c <config>]		   [-p <path>]
       [[/]path/to/init.d/]script[,start=<lvl1,lvl2,...>,stop=<lvl1,lvl2,...>]

       insserv	  [-v]	  [-c <config>]	   [-p <path>]	  -r	 [-d]	  [-f]
       [[/]path/to/init.d/]script ...

       insserv -h

DESCRIPTION
       insserv	is  a  low  level  tool	 used  by update-rc.d which enables an
       installed system init script (`boot script')  by	 reading  the  comment
       header of the script, e.g.:

	 ### BEGIN INIT INFO
	 # Provides:	      boot_facility_1 [ boot_facility_2 ...]
	 # Required-Start:    boot_facility_1 [ boot_facility_2 ...]
	 # Required-Stop:     boot_facility_1 [ boot_facility_2 ...]
	 # Should-Start:      boot_facility_1 [ boot_facility_2 ...]
	 # Should-Stop:	      boot_facility_1 [ boot_facility_2 ...]
	 # X-Start-Before:    boot_facility_1 [ boot_facility_2 ...]
	 # X-Stop-After:      boot_facility_1 [ boot_facility_2 ...]
	 # Default-Start:     run_level_1 [ run_level_2 ...]
	 # Default-Stop:      run_level_1 [ run_level_2 ...]
	 # X-Interactive:     true
	 # Short-Description: single_line_description
	 # Description:	      multiline_description
	 ### END INIT INFO

       and  calculating the dependencies between all scripts. It is not recom‐
       mended to execute insserv directly unless you know exactly what	you're
       doing, doing so may render your boot system inoperable.	update-rc.d is
       the recommended interface for managing init scripts.  Please  be	 aware
       that the line

	 # Required-Stop:  boot_facility_1 [ boot_facility_2 ...]

       declares facilities which must be available during shutdown of the ser‐
       vice declared in the Provides tag.  Same holds true for

	 # Should-Stop:	   boot_facility_1 [ boot_facility_2 ...]

       which declares facilities which should be available during shutdown  of
       the service declared in the Provides tag. In both cases the script sys‐
       tem should avoid stopping services which are declared by these two Stop
       tags until the script including these tags is stopped.

       The  optional  X-Interactive keyword implies that the script using this
       keyword should be started alone	in  a  concurrent  boot	 configuration
       because	it  interact  with  the	 user  at the console.	Only the value
       `true' is recognised.  All other are ignored.

       The optional X-Start-Before keyword implies that the script using  this
       keyword	should be started before the specified service names.  Whereas
       the optional X-Stop-After keyword implies that the  script  using  this
       keyword	should	be  stopped  after  the	 specified service names. Both
       implies that those services now depend on the specifying script.	  With
       known dependencies and runlevel(s) insserv sets and reorders the corre‐
       sponding symbolic links of the concerned runlevels directories.

       insserv	scans  for  System  Facilities	in  the	  configuration	  file
       /etc/insserv.conf  and each file in the directory /etc/insserv.conf.d/.
       Each line which begins with $ and a following  name  defines  a	system
       facility	 accordingly  to  the Linux Standard Base Specification (LSB),
       All names followed by such a system facility will declare the  required
       dependencies    of    the   facility.	Here   is   an	 example   for
       /etc/insserv.conf:

	 # All local filesystems are mounted
	 # (done during boot phase)
	 $local_fs	 boot

	 # Low level networking
	 $network	 network route

	 # Named is operational
	 $named		 named

	 # All remote filesystems are mounted
	 # (in some cases /usr may be remote).
	 $remote_fs	 $local_fs nfs

	 # System logger is operational
	 $syslog	 syslog

	 # All network daemons are running (This was removed in LSB 1.2)
	 $netdaemons	 portmap inetd

	 # Services which need to be interactive
	 <interactive>	 boot.crypto

       Names starting with a `+' sign are marked as optional.  If the  service
       with  the name after the plus sign is available it will be used, if not
       available it is ignored silently.  Words beginning with	<  and	ending
       with  > are keywords.  Currently <interactive> is the only know keyword
       for marking a service as an  interactive	 one,  e.g.  a	service	 which
       requires a passphrase or password input during boot or runlevel change.
       The special facility $null is used to enforce an	 empty	dependency  in
       case of Should-Stop and Required-Stop.

       In  addition to the defined System Facilities in the configuration file
       /etc/insserv.conf, insserv also knows the special facility $all.	  This
       facility	 indicates that a service should be inserted at the end of all
       services at starting and at the very beginning  at  stopping.   Clearly
       all  services  using this facility will be grouped into one starting or
       stopping order.

OPTIONS
       Currently there exists nine options for insserv.

       -v, --verbose
	      Write out what is currently going on.

       -c <config>, --config <config>
	      Specify path to the insserv.conf	file  and  the	insserv.conf.d
	      directory.  Useful for testing.

       -o <path>, --override <path>
	      LSB  comment  headers  found in this path will override existing
	      LSB comment headers of scripts in the init.d directory  (default
	      path is /etc/insserv/overrides/).

       -p <path>, --path <path>
	      Specify path to init.d directory.	 Useful for testing.

       -n, --dryrun
	      Do not update symlinks.

       -r, --remove
	      Remove the listed scripts from all runlevels.

       -d, --default
	      Use  default  runlevels  as  defined  in	the scripts.  This may
	      restore an edited runlevel link scheme.

       -f, --force
	      Ignore if a required service is missed. Beside this if start and
	      or  stop	levels	are  specified on the command line the default
	      levels of the script will be ignored.

       -u <path>, --upstart-job <path>
	      Path to replace existing upstart job  path.   (default  path  is
	      /lib/init/upstart-job).

       -s, --showall
	      Output  runlevel	and  sequence  information. Do not update sym‐
	      links.

       -h, --help
	      Print out short usage message.

       But you may use the argument syntax described in the following section.

ARGUMENTS
       [[/]path/to/init.d/]
	      Relative or absolute path to the init  scripts  base  directory.
	      This  defaults to /etc/init.d/ in compliance with the LSB speci‐
	      fication.	 In this case insserv does not add or remove a	script
	      to  the  runlevels  declared  in	the  script  headers,  but may
	      re-order the runlevels if the order  of  the  currently  enabled
	      scripts  has  changed  (see option -d).  Note that if a relative
	      path is used insserv has to be called from the root directory.

       [[/]path/to/init.d/]script ...
	      List of scripts which have to be added to the  runlevels.	 If  a
	      path  is	used it should point to the absolute or relative loca‐
	      tion of the boot scripts.	 insserv checks for the	 existence  of
	      these  scripts.	For the runlevels the information found in the
	      script is used.

       [[/]path/to/init.d/]script[,start=<lvl1,lvl2,...>]
	      List of scripts which have to be added  to  the  specified  run‐
	      levels  to be started with.  You may use this extension to over‐
	      ride the default values for start	 and  stop  runlevels  of  the
	      script.	Note  that  lvl1, lvl2, ...   are  the known runlevels
	      explained above.	The extension  ,stop=<lvl1,lvl2,...>  is  also
	      possible.

       -r [[/]path/to/init.d/]script ...
	      List of scripts which should be removed from the runlevels. If a
	      path is used it should point to the absolute or  relative	 loca‐
	      tion  of	the boot scripts.  insserv checks for the existence of
	      these scripts.

OVERRIDES
       Beside	 using	  the	 extensions	,start=<lvl1,lvl2,...>	   and
       ,stop=<lvl1,lvl2,...>  it  is  possible to use override files replace a
       LSB comment header or simple provide  a	missing	 LSB  comment  header.
       This  can  be  done  by	placing a file with the new LSB comment header
       using the same name as  the  boot  or  init  script  in	the  directory
       /etc/insserv/overrides/.	  For  third  party  boot  scripts without LSB
       header it is possible to add a file with the same name in the directory
       /usr/share/insserv/overrides/ to make them completely LSB compliant.

UPSTART JOB COMPATIBILITY
       To allow upstart jobs to work as init.d scripts, insserv will recognize
       a  symlink  from	 path/to/init.d/script	to  /lib/init/upstart-job   as
       upstart	jobs, and instead of reading the header from the file will run
       the script with the argument lsb-header to get the script header.

EXIT CODES
       The exit codes have the following conditions:

	      0	   Service was successfully installed or removed

	      1	   Service was not installed or removed

NOTE
       Please be aware that the following patterns of boot script  file	 names
       will be not accepted by insserv:

		*.dpkg*
		*.rpm*
		*.ba*
		*.old
		*.new
		*.org
		*.orig
		*.save
		*.swp
		*.core
		*~

       with  the wildcard character *.	Beside this all boot script file names
       beginning with one of the following characters

		$.#%_+-\*[]^:()~

       will be ignored.

BUGS
       Boot scripts sometimes lack a LSB comment  header.  Contact  a  package
       maintainer  or  developer  of the software which provides the script to
       have a LSB comment header added to it.

FILES
       /etc/insserv.conf
	      configuration file for insserv  which  defines  the  LSB	System
	      Facilities.

       /etc/insserv.conf.d/
	      directory for further configuration files for declaring LSB Sys‐
	      tem Facilities.

       /etc/insserv/overrides/
	      path to replace existing LSB comment headers  with  the  comment
	      headers found in this path.

       /etc/init.d/
	      path  to the init script base directory as required by the Linux
	      Standard Base Specification (LSB).

       /etc/init.d/.depend.boot,
       /etc/init.d/.depend.start,
       /etc/init.d/.depend.stop
	      The make(1) like dependency files produced by insserv for	 boot‐
	      ing, starting, and stopping with the help of startpar(8).

SEE ALSO
       init(8), startpar(8), update-rc.d(8).

COPYRIGHT
       2000-2009 Werner Fink,
       2009 SuSE Linux Products GmbH Nuernberg, Germany.
       2000-2003 SuSE GmbH Nuernberg, Germany,
       2007-2009 SuSE Linux Products GmbH Nuernberg, Germany.

AUTHOR
       Werner Fink <feedback@suse.de>

CONTRIBUTORS
       Petter Reinholdtsen
       Kel Modderman

3rd Berkeley Distribution	 Jul 29, 2008			    INSSERV(8)
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