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INSERT(7)			 SQL Commands			     INSERT(7)

NAME
       INSERT - create new rows in a table

SYNOPSIS
       INSERT INTO table [ ( column [, ...] ) ]
	   { DEFAULT VALUES | VALUES ( { expression | DEFAULT } [, ...] ) [, ...] | query }
	   [ RETURNING * | output_expression [ [ AS ] output_name ] [, ...] ]

DESCRIPTION
       INSERT  inserts new rows into a table.  One can insert one or more rows
       specified by value expressions, or zero or more rows resulting  from  a
       query.

       The  target column names can be listed in any order. If no list of col‐
       umn names is given at all, the default is all the columns of the	 table
       in their declared order; or the first N column names, if there are only
       N columns supplied by the VALUES clause or query. The  values  supplied
       by  the	VALUES	clause	or  query  are associated with the explicit or
       implicit column list left-to-right.

       Each column not present in the explicit or implicit column list will be
       filled  with a default value, either its declared default value or null
       if there is none.

       If the expression for any column is not of the correct data type, auto‐
       matic type conversion will be attempted.

       The  optional  RETURNING	 clause	 causes	 INSERT	 to compute and return
       value(s) based on each row actually inserted.  This is primarily useful
       for  obtaining  values that were supplied by defaults, such as a serial
       sequence number. However, any expression using the table's  columns  is
       allowed.	 The  syntax of the RETURNING list is identical to that of the
       output list of SELECT.

       You must have INSERT privilege on a table in order to insert  into  it.
       If  a  column  list is specified, you only need INSERT privilege on the
       listed columns.	Use of the RETURNING clause requires SELECT  privilege
       on  all columns mentioned in RETURNING.	If you use the query clause to
       insert rows from a query, you of course need to have  SELECT  privilege
       on any table or column used in the query.

PARAMETERS
       table  The name (optionally schema-qualified) of an existing table.

       column The name of a column in table.  The column name can be qualified
	      with a subfield name or array subscript, if  needed.  (Inserting
	      into  only  some	fields	of a composite column leaves the other
	      fields null.)

       DEFAULT VALUES
	      All columns will be filled with their default values.

       expression
	      An expression or value to assign to the corresponding column.

       DEFAULT
	      The corresponding column will be filled with its default value.

       query  A	 query	(SELECT	 statement)  that  supplies  the  rows	to  be
	      inserted.	 Refer	to  the	 SELECT	 [select(7)]  statement	 for a
	      description of the syntax.

       output_expression
	      An expression to be computed and returned by the INSERT  command
	      after  each  row	is inserted. The expression can use any column
	      names of the table.  Write  *  to	 return	 all  columns  of  the
	      inserted row(s).

       output_name
	      A name to use for a returned column.

OUTPUTS
       On  successful  completion,  an INSERT command returns a command tag of
       the form

       INSERT oid count

       The count is the number of rows inserted. If count is exactly one,  and
       the target table has OIDs, then oid is the OID assigned to the inserted
       row. Otherwise oid is zero.

       If the INSERT command contains a RETURNING clause, the result  will  be
       similar to that of a SELECT statement containing the columns and values
       defined in the RETURNING list, computed over the row(s) inserted by the
       command.

EXAMPLES
       Insert a single row into table films:

       INSERT INTO films VALUES
	   ('UA502', 'Bananas', 105, '1971-07-13', 'Comedy', '82 minutes');

       In  this	 example, the len column is omitted and therefore it will have
       the default value:

       INSERT INTO films (code, title, did, date_prod, kind)
	   VALUES ('T_601', 'Yojimbo', 106, '1961-06-16', 'Drama');

       This example uses the DEFAULT clause for the date columns  rather  than
       specifying a value:

       INSERT INTO films VALUES
	   ('UA502', 'Bananas', 105, DEFAULT, 'Comedy', '82 minutes');
       INSERT INTO films (code, title, did, date_prod, kind)
	   VALUES ('T_601', 'Yojimbo', 106, DEFAULT, 'Drama');

       To insert a row consisting entirely of default values:

       INSERT INTO films DEFAULT VALUES;

       To insert multiple rows using the multirow VALUES syntax:

       INSERT INTO films (code, title, did, date_prod, kind) VALUES
	   ('B6717', 'Tampopo', 110, '1985-02-10', 'Comedy'),
	   ('HG120', 'The Dinner Game', 140, DEFAULT, 'Comedy');

       This  example inserts some rows into table films from a table tmp_films
       with the same column layout as films:

       INSERT INTO films SELECT * FROM tmp_films WHERE date_prod < '2004-05-07';

       This example inserts into array columns:

       -- Create an empty 3x3 gameboard for noughts-and-crosses
       INSERT INTO tictactoe (game, board[1:3][1:3])
	   VALUES (1, '{{" "," "," "},{" "," "," "},{" "," "," "}}');
       -- The subscripts in the above example aren't really needed
       INSERT INTO tictactoe (game, board)
	   VALUES (2, '{{X," "," "},{" ",O," "},{" ",X," "}}');

       Insert a single row into table  distributors,  returning	 the  sequence
       number generated by the DEFAULT clause:

       INSERT INTO distributors (did, dname) VALUES (DEFAULT, 'XYZ Widgets')
	  RETURNING did;

COMPATIBILITY
       INSERT  conforms	 to the SQL standard, except that the RETURNING clause
       is a PostgreSQL extension. Also, the case in which a column  name  list
       is  omitted,  but not all the columns are filled from the VALUES clause
       or query, is disallowed by the standard.

       Possible limitations of the query clause are  documented	 under	SELECT
       [select(7)].

SQL - Language Statements	  2013-10-08			     INSERT(7)
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