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IF(4N)									IF(4N)

NAME
       if - general properties of network interfaces

DESCRIPTION
       Each  network interface in a system corresponds to a path through which
       messages may be sent and received.  A network interface usually	has  a
       hardware	 device	 associated with it, though certain interfaces such as
       the loopback interface, lo(4), do not.

       At boot time each interface which has underlying hardware support makes
       itself  known to the system during the autoconfiguration process.  Once
       the interface has acquired its address it  is  expected	to  install  a
       routing	table  entry  so that messages may be routed through it.  Most
       interfaces require  some	 part  of  their  address  specified  with  an
       SIOCSIFADDR  ioctl before they will allow traffic to flow through them.
       On interfaces where the network-link layer address mapping  is  static,
       only the network number is taken from the ioctl; the remainder is found
       in a hardware specific manner.  On  interfaces  which  provide  dynamic
       network-link  layer  address  mapping  facilities  (for example, 10Mb/s
       Ethernets using arp(4P),), the entire address specified in the ioctl is
       used.

       The following ioctl calls may be used to manipulate network interfaces.
       Unless specified otherwise, the request takes an ifreq structure as its
       parameter.  This structure has the form
	      struct	ifreq {
		   char ifr_name[16];	    /* name of interface (e.g. "ec0") */
		   union {
			struct	  sockaddr ifru_addr;
			struct	  sockaddr ifru_dstaddr;
			short	  ifru_flags;
		   } ifr_ifru;
	      #define	ifr_addr       ifr_ifru.ifru_addr  /* address */
	      #define	ifr_dstaddr    ifr_ifru.ifru_dstaddr	/* other end of p-to-p link */
	      #define	ifr_flags      ifr_ifru.ifru_flags /* flags */
	      };

       SIOCSIFADDR
	    Set	 interface  address.   Following  the  address assignment, the
	    ``initialization'' routine for the interface is called.

       SIOCGIFADDR
	    Get interface address.

       SIOCSIFDSTADDR
	    Set point to point address for interface.

       SIOCGIFDSTADDR
	    Get point to point address for interface.

       SIOCSIFFLAGS
	    Set interface flags field.	If the interface is marked  down,  any
	    processes  currently  routing  packets  through  the interface are
	    notified.

       SIOCGIFFLAGS
	    Get interface flags.

       SIOCGIFCONF
	    Get interface configuration list.  This request  takes  an	ifconf
	    structure  (see  below)  as a value-result parameter.  The ifc_len
	    field should be initially set to the size of the buffer pointed to
	    by	ifc_buf.   On  return it will contain the length, in bytes, of
	    the configuration list.
	    /*
	     * Structure used in SIOCGIFCONF request.
	     * Used to retrieve interface configuration
	     * for machine (useful for programs which
	     * must know all networks accessible).
	     */
	    struct    ifconf {
		 int  ifc_len;	     /* size of associated buffer */
		 union {
		      caddr_t	ifcu_buf;
		      struct	ifreq *ifcu_req;
		 } ifc_ifcu;
	    #define   ifc_buf	ifc_ifcu.ifcu_buf   /* buffer address */
	    #define   ifc_req	ifc_ifcu.ifcu_req   /* array of structures returned */
	    };

SEE ALSO
       arp(4P), ec(4S), lo(4)

				 25 July 1985				IF(4N)
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