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GROFF_MAN(7)							  GROFF_MAN(7)

NAME
       groff_man - groff `man' macros to support generation of man pages

SYNOPSIS
       groff -man [ options...	] [ files...  ]
       groff -m man [ options...  ] [ files...	]

DESCRIPTION
       The  man	 macros	 used to generate man pages with groff were written by
       James Clark.  This document provides a brief summary of the use of each
       macro in that package.

OPTIONS
       The  man	 macros	 understand  the following command line options (which
       define various registers).

       -rcR=1 This option (the default if in nroff mode) will create a single,
	      very long page instead of multiple pages.	 Say -rcR=0 to disable
	      it.

       -rC1   If more than one manual page is given on the command line,  num‐
	      ber the pages continuously, rather than starting each at 1.

       -rD1   Double-sided  printing.  Footers for even and odd pages are for‐
	      matted differently.

       -rPnnn Enumeration of pages will start with nnn rather than with 1.

       -rSxx  Base document font size is xx points (xx can be 10,  11,	or 12)
	      rather than 10 points.

       -rXnnn After  page nnn,	number	pages  as  nnna, nnnb, nnnc, etc.  For
	      example, the option `-rX2' will produce the following page  num‐
	      bers: 1, 2, 2a, 2b, 2c, etc.

USAGE
       This section describes the available macros for manual pages.  For fur‐
       ther customization, put additional macros and requests  into  the  file
       man.local which will be loaded immediately after the man package.

       .TH title section [extra1] [extra2] [extra3]
	      Sets  the title of the man page to title and the section to sec‐
	      tion, which must take on a value between	1  and 8.   The	 value
	      section may also have a string appended, e.g. `.pm', to indicate
	      a specific subsection of the man pages.  Both title and  section
	      are  positioned  at  the left and right in the header line (with
	      section in parentheses immediately appended  to  title.	extra1
	      will  be	positioned  in	the middle of the footer line.	extra2
	      will be positioned at the left in the footer line (resp. at  the
	      left on even pages and at the right on odd pages if double-sided
	      printing is active).  extra3 is centered in the header line.

	      For HTML output, headers and footers are completely supressed.

	      Additionally, this macro starts a new page; the new line	number
	      is 1  again (except if the `-rC1' option is given on the command
	      line) -- this feature is intended only for  formatting  multiple
	      man pages; a single man page should contain exactly one TH macro
	      at the beginning of the file.

       .SH [text for a heading]
	      Sets up an unnumbered section heading sticking out to the	 left.
	      Prints  out  all the text following SH up to the end of the line
	      (resp. the text in the next line if there is no argument to  SH)
	      in  bold	face,  one  size  larger  than the base document size.
	      Additionally, the left margin for the following text is reset to
	      its default value.

       .SS [text for a heading]
	      Sets  up	an  secondary, unnumbered section heading.  Prints out
	      all the text following SS up to the end of the line  (resp.  the
	      text  in	the  next  line if there is no argument to SS) in bold
	      face, at the same size as the base document size.	 Additionally,
	      the  left	 margin for the following text is reset to its default
	      value.

       .TP [nnn]
	      Sets up an indented paragraph with label.	  The  indentation  is
	      set to nnn if that argument is supplied (the default unit is `n'
	      if omitted), otherwise it is  set	 to  the  default  indentation
	      value.   The  first  line of text following this macro is inter‐
	      preted as a string to be printed flush-left, as it is  appropri‐
	      ate  for a label.	 It is not interpreted as part of a paragraph,
	      so there is no attempt to fill the first line with text from the
	      following	 input	lines.	 Nevertheless,	if the label is not as
	      wide as the indentation, then the paragraph starts at  the  same
	      line  (but indented), continuing on the following lines.	If the
	      label is wider than the indentation, then the  descriptive  part
	      of  the  paragraph  begins  on  the  line	 following  the label,
	      entirely indented.  Note that neither font shape nor  font  size
	      of  the  label is set to a default value; on the other hand, the
	      rest of the text will have default font settings.	 The TP	 macro
	      is the macro used for the explanations you are just reading.

       .LP
       .PP
       .P     These  macros  are  mutual  aliases.   Any of them causes a line
	      break at the current position,  followed	by  a  vertical	 space
	      downwards	 by  the  amount  specified by the PD macro.  The font
	      size and shape are  reset	 to  the  default  value  (10pt	 resp.
	      Roman).  Finally, the current left margin is restored.

       .IP [designator] [nnn]
	      Sets up an indented paragraph, using designator as a tag to mark
	      its beginning.  The indentation is set to nnn if	that  argument
	      is  supplied (default unit is `n'), otherwise the default inden‐
	      tation value is used.  Font size and face of the paragraph  (but
	      not  the	designator) are reset to its default values.  To start
	      an indented paragraph with a particular indentation but  without
	      a	 designator,  use  `""' (two doublequotes) as the second argu‐
	      ment.

	      For example, the following paragraphs were all set up with  bul‐
	      lets as the designator, using `.IP \(bu 4':

	      ·	  IP  is  one  of  the three macros used in the man package to
		  format lists.

	      ·	  HP is another.  This macro produces a paragraph with a  left
		  hanging indentation.

	      ·	  TP is another.  This macro produces an unindented label fol‐
		  lowed by an indented paragraph.

       .HP [nnn]
	      Sets up a paragraph with hanging left indentation.  The indenta‐
	      tion is set to nnn if that argument is supplied (default unit is
	      `n'), otherwise the default indentation  value  is  used.	  Font
	      size  and	 face  are reset to its default values.	 The following
	      paragraph illustrates the effect	of  this  macro	 with  hanging
	      indentation set to 4:

	      This is a paragraph following an invocation of the HP macro.  As
		  you can see, it produces a paragraph where all lines but the
		  first are indented.

       .RS [nnn]
	      This  macro  moves the left margin to the right by the value nnn
	      if specified (default unit is `n'); otherwise the default inden‐
	      tation value is used.  Calls to the RS macro can be nested.

       .RE [nnn]
	      This  macro moves the left margin back to level nnn; if no argu‐
	      ment is given, it moves one level back.  The first level	(i.e.,
	      no  call	to RS yet) has number 1, and each call to RS increases
	      the level by 1.

       To summarize, the following macros cause a line break with  the	inser‐
       tion of vertical space (which amount can be changed with the PD macro):
       SH, SS, TP, LP (PP, P), IP, and HP.  The macros RS and RE also cause  a
       break but no insertion of vertical space.

MACROS TO SET FONTS
       The standard font is Roman; the default text size is 10 point.

       .SM [text]
	      Causes the text on the same line or the text on the next line to
	      appear in a font that is one point size smaller than the default
	      font.

       .SB [text]
	      Causes the text on the same line or the text on the next line to
	      appear in boldface font, one point size smaller than the default
	      font.

       .BI text
	      Causes  text on the same line to appear alternately in bold face
	      and italic.  The text must be on the  same  line	as  the	 macro
	      call.  Thus

		     .BI this "word and" that

	      would  cause  `this'  and	 `that'	 to appear in bold face, while
	      `word and' appears in italics.

       .IB text
	      Causes text to appear alternately in italic and bold face.   The
	      text must be on the same line as the macro call.

       .RI text
	      Causes  text on the same line to appear alternately in roman and
	      italic.  The text must be on the same line as the macro call.

       .IR text
	      Causes text on the same line to appear alternately in italic and
	      roman.  The text must be on the same line as the macro call.

       .BR text
	      Causes  text on the same line to appear alternately in bold face
	      and roman.  The text must be on the same line as the macro call.

       .RB text
	      Causes text on the same line to appear alternately in roman  and
	      bold face.  The text must be on the same line as the macro call.

       .R [text]
	      Causes  text  to appear in roman font.  If no text is present on
	      the line where the macro is called, then the text	 of  the  next
	      line  appears  in roman.	This is the default font to which text
	      is returned at the end of processing of the other macros.

       .B [text]
	      Causes text to appear in bold face.  If no text  is  present  on
	      the  line	 where	the macro is called, then the text of the next
	      line appears in bold face.

       .I [text]
	      Causes text to appear in italic.	If no text is present  on  the
	      line  where  the macro is called, then the text of the next line
	      appears in italic.

MISCELLANEOUS
       The default indentation is 7.2n for all output devices except for  gro‐
       html which ignores indentation.

       .DT    Sets  tabs  every 0.5 inches.  Since this macro is always called
	      during a TH request, it makes sense to call it only if  the  tab
	      positions have been changed.

       .PD [nnn]
	      Adjusts  the empty space before a new paragraph (resp. section).
	      The optional argument gives the amount of space  (default	 units
	      are  `v');  without parameter, the value is reset to its default
	      value (1 line for tty devices,  0.4v otherwise).	 This  affects
	      the macros SH, SS, TP, LP (resp. PP and P), IP, and HP.

       The following strings are defined:

       \*S    Switch back to the default font size.

       \*R    The `registered' sign.

       \*(Tm  The `trademark' sign.

       \*(lq
       \*(rq  Left  and	 right	quote.	 This  is  equal to `\(lq' and `\(rq',
	      respectively.

       If a preprocessor like gtbl or geqn is needed, it has become  usage  to
       make the first line of the man page look like this:

	      .\" word

       Note  the single space character after the double quote.	 word consists
       of letters for the needed preprocessors: `e' for geqn, `r' for  grefer,
       and  `t' for gtbl.  Modern implementations of the man program read this
       first line and automatically call the right preprocessor(s).

FILES
       man.tmac
       an.tmac
	      These are wrapper files to call andoc.tmac.

       andoc.tmac
	      This file checks whether the man	macros	or  the	 mdoc  package
	      should be used.

       an-old.tmac
	      All man macros are contained in this file.

       man.local
	      Local changes and customizations should be put into this file.

SEE ALSO
       Since  the  man macros consist of groups of groff requests, one can, in
       principle, supplement the functionality of the man macros with individ‐
       ual  groff requests where necessary.  A complete list of these requests
       is available on the WWW at

		http://www.cs.pdx.edu/~trent/gnu/groff/groff_toc.html

       gtbl(1), geqn(1), grefer(1), man(1)

AUTHOR
       This manual page was originally written for the Debian GNU/Linux system
       by Susan G. Kleinmann <sgk@debian.org>, corrected and updated by Werner
       Lemberg <wl@gnu.org>, and is now part of the GNU troff distribution.

Groff Version 1.17.2		 27 June 2001			  GROFF_MAN(7)
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