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GNUSERV(1)							    GNUSERV(1)

NAME
       gnuserv, gnuclient - Server and Clients for XEmacs

SYNOPSIS
       gnuclient  [-nw] [-display display] [-q] [-v] [-l library] [-batch] [-f
       function] [-eval form] [-h hostname]  [-p  port]	 [-r  remote-pathname]
       [[+line] file] ...
       gnudoit [-q] form
       gnuserv
       gnuattach Removed as of gnuserv 3.x

DESCRIPTION
       gnuclient  allows  the user to request a running XEmacs process to edit
       the named files or directories and/or evaluate lisp  forms.   Depending
       on  your environment, it can be an X frame or a TTY frame.  One typical
       use for this is with a dialup connection	 to  a	machine	 on  which  an
       XEmacs process is currently running.

       gnudoit	is a shell script frontend to ``gnuclient -batch -eval form''.
       Its use is deprecated. Try to get used to calling gnuclient directly.

       gnuserv is the server program that is set running by XEmacs  to	handle
       all incoming and outgoing requests. It is not usually invoked directly,
       but is started from XEmacs by loading the gnuserv package and  evaluat‐
       ing the Lisp form (gnuserv-start).

       gnuattach no longer exists. Its functionality has been replaced by gnu‐
       client -nw.

OPTIONS
       gnuclient supports as much of the command  line	options	 of  Emacs  as
       makes sense in this context. In addition it adds a few of its own.
       Options	with  long  names  can also be specified using a double hyphen
       instead of a single one.

       -nw     This option makes gnuclient act as a frontend such that	XEmacs
	       can  attach to the current TTY. XEmacs will then open a new TTY
	       frame.  The effect is similar to having started a new XEmacs on
	       this  TTY  with	the ``-nw'' option. It currently only works if
	       XEmacs is running on the same machine as gnuclient. This is the
	       default if the `DISPLAY' environment variable is not set.

       -display display, --display display
	       If  this	 option is given or the `DISPLAY' environment variable
	       is set then gnuclient will tell XEmacs to edit files in a frame
	       on the specified X device.

       -q      This  option informs gnuclient to exit once connection has been
	       made with the XEmacs process.  Normally gnuclient  waits	 until
	       all  of	the  files on the command line have been finished with
	       (their buffers killed) by the XEmacs process, and all the forms
	       have been evaluated.

       -v      When  this  option  is specified gnuclient will request for the
	       specified files to be viewed instead of edited.

       -l library
	       Tell Emacs to load the specified library.

       -batch  Tell Emacs not to open any  frames.  Just  load	libraries  and
	       evaluate	 lisp code.  If no files to execute, functions to call
	       or forms to eval are given using the -l, -f, or -eval  options,
	       then forms to eval are read from STDIN.

       -f function,
	       Make Emacs execute the lisp function.

       -eval form
	       Make Emacs execute the lisp form.

       -h hostname
	       Used  only  with Internet-domain sockets, this option specifies
	       the host machine which  should  be  running  gnuserv.  If  this
	       option is not specified then the value of the environment vari‐
	       able GNU_HOST is used if set. If no hostname is specified,  and
	       the  GNU_HOST  variable is not set, an internet connection will
	       not be attempted. N.B.: gnuserv does NOT allow internet connec‐
	       tions  unless  XAUTH  authentication  is used or the GNU_SECURE
	       variable has been specified and points at a  file  listing  all
	       trusted hosts. (See SECURITY below.)

	       Note  that  an  internet	 address may be specified instead of a
	       hostname which can speed up connections to the server by	 quite
	       a bit, especially if the client machine is running YP.

	       Note  also  that a hostname of unix can be used to specify that
	       the connection to the server should use	a  Unix-domain	socket
	       (if supported) rather than an Internet-domain socket.

       -p port Used  only  with Internet-domain sockets, this option specifies
	       the  service  port  used	 to  communicate  between  server  and
	       clients.	  If  this  option is not specified, then the value of
	       the environment variable GNU_PORT is used, if set, otherwise  a
	       service	called	``gnuserv'' is looked up in the services data‐
	       base.  Finally, if no other value can be found  for  the	 port,
	       then a default port is used which is usually 21490 + uid.
	       Note that since gnuserv doesn't allow command-line options, the
	       port for it will have to be specified via one of	 the  alterna‐
	       tive methods.

       -r pathname
	       Used  only  with Internet-domain sockets, the pathname argument
	       may be needed to inform XEmacs how to reach the root  directory
	       of  a  remote  machine.	gnuclient prepends this string to each
	       path argument given.  For example, if you were trying to edit a
	       file on a client machine called otter, whose root directory was
	       accessible from the server machine  via	the  path  /net/otter,
	       then  this  argument  should  be	 set to '/net/otter'.  If this
	       option is omitted, then the value is taken from the environment
	       variable GNU_NODE, if set, or the empty string otherwise.

       [+n] file
	       This  is	 the  path of the file to be edited.  If the file is a
	       directory, then the directory browsers dired or monkey are usu‐
	       ally  invoked instead.  The cursor is put at line number 'n' if
	       specified.

SETUP
       gnuserv is packaged standardly with recent versions of XEmacs.	There‐
       fore,  you  should be able to start the server simply by evaluating the
       XEmacs Lisp  form  (gnuserv-start),  or	equivalently  by  typing  `M-x
       gnuserv-start'.

CONFIGURATION
       The  behavior of this suite of program is mostly controlled on the lisp
       side in Emacs and its behavior can be customized	 to  a	large  extent.
       Type  `M-x customize-group RET gnuserv RET' for easy access. More docu‐
       mentation can be found in the file `gnuserv.el'

EXAMPLE
	   gnuclient -q -f mh-smail
	   gnuclient -h cuckoo -r /ange@otter: /tmp/*
	   gnuclient -nw ../src/listproc.c

       More  examples  and  sample  wrapper  scripts  are  provided   in   the
       etc/gnuserv directory of the Emacs installation.

SYSV IPC
       SysV  IPC  is  used to communicate between gnuclient and gnuserv if the
       symbol SYSV_IPC is defined at the top of gnuserv.h. This is  incompati‐
       ble  with  both Unix-domain and Internet-domain socket communication as
       described below. A file called /tmp/gsrv??? is created as a key for the
       message	queue,	and  if	 removed  will cause the communication between
       server and client to fail until the server is restarted.

UNIX-DOMAIN SOCKETS
       A Unix-domain socket is	used  to  communicate  between	gnuclient  and
       gnuserv	if  the	 symbol	 UNIX_DOMAIN_SOCKETS  is defined at the top of
       gnuserv.h.  A file called /tmp/gsrvdir????/gsrv is created for communi‐
       cation.	 If  the  symbol  USE_TMPDIR  is  set at the top of gnuserv.h,
       $TMPDIR, when set, is used instead of /tmp.  If that file  is  deleted,
       or  TMPDIR has different values for the server and the client, communi‐
       cation between server and client will  fail.   Only  the	 user  running
       gnuserv will be able to connect to the socket.

INTERNET-DOMAIN SOCKETS
       Internet-domain	sockets	 are used to communicate between gnuclient and
       gnuserv if the symbol INTERNET_DOMAIN_SOCKETS is defined at the top  of
       gnuserv.h.  Both Internet-domain and Unix-domain sockets can be used at
       the same time. If a hostname is specified via -h or  via	 the  GNU_HOST
       environment variable, gnuclient establish connections using an internet
       domain socket. If not, a local connection is  attempted	via  either  a
       unix-domain socket or SYSV IPC.

SECURITY
       Using Internet-domain sockets, a more robust form of security is needed
       that wasn't necessary with either Unix-domain sockets or SysV IPC. Cur‐
       rently,	two  authentication  protocols	are supported to provide this:
       MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 (based on the X11 xauth(1)  program)	and  a	simple
       host-based  access  control  mechanism, hereafter called GNUSERV-1. The
       GNUSERV-1 protocol is always available, whereas support for  MIT-MAGIC-
       COOKIE-1	 may or may not have been enabled (via a #define at the top of
       gnuserv.h) at compile-time.

       gnuserv, using GNUSERV-1, performs a limited form of access control  at
       the  machine level. By default no internet-domain socket is opened.  If
       the variable GNU_SECURE can be found in gnuserv's environment,  and  it
       names a readable filename, then this file is opened and assumed to be a
       list of hosts, one per line, from which the server will allow requests.
       Connections  from  any other host will be rejected. Even the machine on
       which gnuserv is running is not permitted to make connections  via  the
       internet	 socket	 unless	 its  hostname is explicitly specified in this
       file.  Note that a host may be either a numeric IP address or  a	 host‐
       name, and that any user on an approved host may connect to your gnuserv
       and execute arbitrary elisp (e.g., delete all  your  files).   If  this
       file  contains a lot of hostnames then the server may take quite a time
       to start up.

       When the MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 protocol is enabled, an internet socket  is
       opened  by default. gnuserv will accept a connection from any host, and
       will wait for a "magic cookie" (essentially, a  password)  to  be  pre‐
       sented  by  the client. If the client doesn't present the cookie, or if
       the cookie is wrong, the authentication of the client is considered  to
       have  failed. At this point. gnuserv falls back to the GNUSERV-1 proto‐
       col; If the client is calling from a  host  listed  in  the  GNU_SECURE
       file, the connection will be accepted, otherwise it will be rejected.

       Using MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 authentication
	   When	 the  gnuserv server is started, it looks for a cookie defined
	   for display 999 on the machine where it is running. If  the	cookie
	   is  found,  it will be stored for use as the authentication cookie.
	   These cookies are defined in an authorization file (usually ~/.Xau‐
	   thority) that is manipulated by the X11 xauth(1) program. For exam‐
	   ple, a machine "kali" which runs  an	 emacs	that  invokes  gnuserv
	   should  respond  as	follows (at the shell prompt) when set up cor‐
	   rectly.

	       kali% xauth list
	       GS65.SP.CS.CMU.EDU:0  MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1	 11223344
	       KALI.FTM.CS.CMU.EDU:999	MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1  1234

	   In the above case, the authorization file defines two cookies.  The
	   second  one,	 defined for screen 999 on the server machine, is used
	   for gnuserv authentication.

	   On the client machine's side, the authorization file	 must  contain
	   an  identical line, specifying the server's cookie. In other words,
	   on a machine "foobar" which	wishes	to  connect  to	 "kali,"   the
	   `xauth list' output should contain the line:

	       KALI.FTM.CS.CMU.EDU:999	MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1  1234

	   For	more  information  on  authorization files, take a look at the
	   xauth(1X11) man page, or invoke xauth  interactively	 (without  any
	   arguments) and type "help" at the prompt. Remember that case in the
	   name of the authorization  protocol	(i.e.`MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1')  is
	   significant!

ENVIRONMENT
       DISPLAY Default X device to put edit frame.

FILES
       /tmp/gsrv???
	       (SYSV_IPC only)

       /tmp/gsrvdir???/gsrv
	       (unix domain sockets only)

       ~/.emacs
	       XEmacs customization file, see xemacs(1).

SEE ALSO
       xauth(1X11), Xsecurity(1X11), gnuserv.el

BUGS
       NULs occurring in result strings don't get passed back to gnudoit prop‐
       erly.

AUTHOR.
       Andy  Norman  (ange@hplb.hpl.hp.com),  based  heavily  upon   etc/emac‐
       sclient.c,  etc/server.c	 and  lisp/server.el  from the GNU Emacs 18.52
       distribution.  Various modifications from Bob Weiner  (weiner@mot.com),
       Darrell	Kindred (dkindred@cmu.edu), Arup Mukherjee (arup@cmu.edu), Ben
       Wing (ben@xemacs.org) and Hrvoje Niksic (hniksic@xemacs.org).

4th Berkeley Distribution					    GNUSERV(1)
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