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glob(1T)		     Tcl Built-In Commands		      glob(1T)

______________________________________________________________________________

NAME
       glob - Return names of files that match patterns

SYNOPSIS
       glob ?switches? pattern ?pattern ...?
_________________________________________________________________

DESCRIPTION
       This  command  performs	file name ``globbing'' in a fashion similar to
       the csh shell.  It returns a list of the files whose names match any of
       the pattern arguments.

       If  the initial arguments to glob start with - then they are treated as
       switches.  The following switches are currently supported:	       │

       -directory directory						       │
	      Search for files which match the given patterns starting in  the │
	      given  directory.	  This	allows	searching of directories whose │
	      name contains glob-sensitive  characters	without	 the  need  to │
	      quote  such  characters explicitly.  This option may not be used │
	      in conjunction with -path, which is used to allow searching  for │
	      complete file paths whose names may contain glob-sensitive char‐ │
	      acters.							       │

       -join								       │
	      The remaining pattern arguments are treated as a single  pattern │
	      obtained by joining the arguments with directory separators.

       -nocomplain
	      Allows an empty list to be returned without error;  without this
	      switch an error is returned if the result list would be empty.   │

       -path pathPrefix							       │
	      Search for files with the given pathPrefix where the rest of the │
	      name  matches  the  given	 patterns.   This allows searching for │
	      files with names similar to a given file (as opposed to a direc‐ │
	      tory)  even  when	 the  names contain glob-sensitive characters. │
	      This option may not be used in conjunction with -directory.  For │
	      example, to find all files with the same root name as $path, but │
	      differing extensions, you should use glob -path  [file  rootname │
	      $path]  .* which will work even if $path contains numerous glob- │
	      sensitive characters.					       │

       -tails								       │
	      Only return the part of each file found which follows  the  last │
	      directory	 named	in any -directory or -path path specification. │
	      Thus glob -tails -directory $dir *  is  equivalent  to  set  pwd │
	      [pwd]  ;	cd  $dir ; glob *; cd $pwd.  For -path specifications, │
	      the returned names will include the last path segment,  so  glob-tails  -path  [file  rootname  ~/foo.tex] .*  will return paths │
	      like foo.aux foo.bib foo.tex etc.				       │

       -types typeList							       │
	      Only list files or directories which match typeList,  where  the │
	      items  in	 the  list have two forms.  The first form is like the │
	      -type option of the Unix find command: b (block special file), c │
	      (character special file), d (directory), f (plain file), l (sym‐ │
	      bolic link), p (named pipe), or s (socket), where multiple types │
	      may  be specified in the list.  Glob will return all files which │
	      match at least one of the types given.  Note that symbolic links │
	      will  be returned both if -types l is given, or if the target of │
	      a link matches the requested type.  So, a link  to  a  directory │
	      will be returned if -types d was specified.		       │

	      The  second  form specifies types where all the types given must │
	      match.  These are r, w, x as  file  permissions,	and  readonly, │
	      hidden  as  special  permission  cases.  On the Macintosh, MacOS │
	      types and creators are also supported, where any item  which  is │
	      four  characters long is assumed to be a MacOS type (e.g. TEXT). │
	      Items which are of the form {macintosh type XXXX} or  {macintosh │
	      creator XXXX} will match types or creators respectively.	Unrec‐ │
	      ognized types, or specifications of  multiple  MacOS  types/cre‐ │
	      ators will signal an error.				       │

	      The  two	forms  may be mixed, so -types {d f r w} will find all │
	      regular files OR directories that have both read AND write  per‐ │
	      missions.	 The following are equivalent:			       │
			    glob -type d *				       │
			    glob */					       │
	      except that the first case doesn't return the trailing ``/'' and │
	      is more platform independent.				       │

       --     Marks the end of switches.  The argument following this one will
	      be treated as a pattern even if it starts with a -.

       The  pattern arguments may contain any of the following special charac‐
       ters:

       ?	 Matches any single character.

       *	 Matches any sequence of zero or more characters.

       [chars]	 Matches any single character in chars.	 If chars  contains  a
		 sequence  of  the form a-b then any character between a and b
		 (inclusive) will match.

       \x	 Matches the character x.

       {a,b,...} Matches any of the strings a, b, etc.

       On Unix, as with csh, a ``.'' at the beginning of a file's name or just
       after a ``/'' must be matched explicitly or with a {} construct, unless
       the ``-types hidden'' flag is given (since ``.'' at the beginning of  a
       file's  name  indicates	that it is hidden).  On other platforms, files
       beginning with a ``.'' are handled no differently to any others, except
       the  special directories ``.'' and ``..'' which must be matched explic‐
       itly (this is to avoid a recursive pattern like ``glob -join * * *  *''
       from  recursing	up the directory hierarchy as well as down).  In addi‐
       tion, all ``/'' characters must be matched explicitly.

       If the first character in a pattern is ``~'' then it refers to the home
       directory  for  the user whose name follows the ``~''.  If the ``~'' is
       followed immediately by ``/'' then the value of	the  HOME  environment
       variable is used.

       The glob command differs from csh globbing in two ways.	First, it does
       not sort its result list (use the lsort command if you  want  the  list
       sorted).	  Second,  glob	 only returns the names of files that actually
       exist;  in csh no check for existence is made unless a pattern contains
       a ?, *, or [] construct.

       When the glob command returns relative paths whose filenames start with
       a tilde ``~'' (for example through glob * or glob -tails, the  returned
       list  will  not	quote  the tilde with ``./''.  This means care must be
       taken if those names are later to be used with file join, to avoid them
       being  interpreted  as  absolute	 paths pointing to a given user's home
       directory.

PORTABILITY ISSUES
       Unlike other Tcl commands that will  accept  both  network  and	native
       style  names  (see  the filename manual entry for details on how native
       and network names are specified), the glob command only accepts	native
       names.

       Windows
	      For  Windows  UNC names, the servername and sharename components
	      of the path may not contain ?, *, or [] constructs.  On  Windows
	      NT,  if pattern is of the form ``~username@domain'' it refers to
	      the home directory of the user whose account information resides
	      on  the  specified  NT  domain  server.  Otherwise, user account
	      information is obtained from the local computer.	On Windows  95
	      and  98,	glob  accepts patterns like ``.../'' and ``..../'' for
	      successively higher up parent directories.

	      Since the backslash character has a special meaning to the  glob
	      command,	glob patterns containing Windows style path separators
	      need special care. The  pattern  C:\\foo\\*  is  interpreted  as
	      C:\foo\*	where \f will match the single character f and \* will
	      match the single character * and will not be  interpreted	 as  a
	      wildcard	character.  One solution to this problem is to use the
	      Unix style forward slash as  a  path  separator.	Windows	 style
	      paths can be converted to Unix style paths with the command file
	      join $path (or file normalize $path in Tcl 8.4).

       Macintosh
	      When using the options, -directory, -join or -path, glob assumes
	      the  directory  separator for the entire pattern is the standard
	      ``:''.  When not using these options, glob examines each pattern
	      argument and uses ``/'' unless the pattern contains a ``:''.

EXAMPLES
       Find all the Tcl files in the current directory:
	      glob *.tcl

       Find  all  the  Tcl files in the user's home directory, irrespective of
       what the current directory is:
	      glob -directory ~ *.tcl

       Find all subdirectories of the current directory:
	      glob -type d *

       Find all files whose name contains an "a", a "b" or the sequence "cde":
	      glob -type f *{a,b,cde}*

SEE ALSO
       file(1T)

KEYWORDS
       exist, file, glob, pattern

ATTRIBUTES
       See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:

       ┌────────────────────┬─────────────────┐
       │  ATTRIBUTE TYPE    │ ATTRIBUTE VALUE │
       ├────────────────────┼─────────────────┤
       │Availability	    │ runtime/tcl-8   │
       ├────────────────────┼─────────────────┤
       │Interface Stability │ Uncommitted     │
       └────────────────────┴─────────────────┘
NOTES
       Source for Tcl is available on http://opensolaris.org.

Tcl				      8.3			      glob(1T)
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