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getpwent(3)							   getpwent(3)

NAME
       endpwent,  fgetpwent, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, putpwent, setpwent,
       setpwfile, endpwent_r, fgetpwent_r, getpwent_r, getpwnam_r, getpwuid_r,
       setpwent_r - Access user attribute information in the user database

SYNOPSIS
       #include <pwd.h>

       void endpwent(
	       void ); struct passwd *fgetpwent(
	       FILE *f ); struct passwd *getpwent(
	       void ); struct passwd *getpwnam(
	       const char *name ); struct passwd *getpwuid(
	       uid_t uid ); int putpwent(
	       struct passwd *passwd,
	       FILE *file ); void setpwent(
	       void ); void setpwfile(
	       const char *filename ); void endpwent_r(
	       FILE **pw_fp ); int fgetpwent_r(
	       FILE *f,
	       struct passwd *pwd,
	       char *buffer,
	       int len ); int getpwent_r(
	       struct passwd *pwd,
	       char *buffer,
	       int len,
	       FILE **pw_fp ); int getpwnam_r(
	       const char *name,
	       struct passwd *pwd,
	       char *buffer,
	       size_t len,
	       struct passwd **result ); int getpwuid_r(
	       uid_t uid,
	       struct passwd *pwd,
	       char *buffer,
	       size_t len,
	       struct passwd **result ); int setpwent_r(
	       FILE **pw_fp );

       The  following  functions  do not conform to industry standards and are
       supported only for backward compatibility reasons. You should  not  use
       them in new designs.  int setpwent(
	       void ); int getpwnam_r(
	       const char *name,
	       struct passwd *result,
	       char *buffer,
	       int len ); int getpwuid_r(
	       uid_t uid,
	       struct passwd *result,
	       char *buffer,
	       int len );

LIBRARY
       Standard C Library (libc)

STANDARDS
       Interfaces  documented on this reference page conform to industry stan‐
       dards as follows:

       endpwent(), getpwent(),	getpwnam(),  getpwnam_r(),  getpwuid(),	 getp‐
       wuid_r(), setpwent(): XSH5.0

       Refer  to  the  standards(5)  reference page for more information about
       industry standards and associated tags.

PARAMETERS
       Specifies the ID of the user for which the attributes are to  be	 read.
       Specifies the name of the user for which the attributes are to be read.
       Specifies the location where the retrieved passwd structure  is	to  be
       placed.	 Specifies  the	 password  structure  that  contains  the user
       attributes that are to be written.  Specifies a stream open for writing
       to  a  file.   Upon  successful	return, points to the retrieved passwd
       structure. Upon unsuccessful return, the result	is  set	 to  NULL.   A
       working	buffer	for  the  result  parameter  that  is able to hold the
       largest password entry in /etc/passwd.

	      [Tru64 UNIX]  The minimum buffer size is 1024 bytes  as  defined
	      for  SIABUFSIZ  in  /usr/include/sia.h.  Specifies the length of
	      the character array that buffer points to.

	      [Tru64 UNIX]  The minimum buffer size is 1024 bytes  as  defined
	      for SIABUFSIZ in /usr/include/sia.h.  Specifies a file that con‐
	      tains the next passwd structure. (This is	 for  the  fgetpwent()
	      and  fgetpwent_r() functions.)  Points to a file stream open for
	      reading password entries.	 Specifies a new default password file
	      rather than using the default /etc/passwd file.

DESCRIPTION
       The  endpwent(), fgetpwent(), getpwent(), getpwnam(), getpwuid(), putp‐
       went(), and setpwent() functions may be used to access the  basic  user
       attributes.

       The getpwent(), getpwnam(), and getpwuid() functions return information
       about the specified user.  The getpwent()  function  returns  the  next
       user  entry in a sequential search that may use a private file pointer.
       The getpwnam() function returns the first user entry  in	 the  database
       with  a	pw_name field that matches the name parameter.	The getpwuid()
       function returns the first user entry in the  database  with  a	pw_uid
       field that matches the uid parameter.

       The  putpwent()	function  writes  a  password entry into a file in the
       colon-separated format of the /etc/passwd file.

       The setpwent() function	ensures	 that  the  next  call	to  getpwent()
       returns the first entry.

       The endpwent() function closes the user database and any private stream
       used by getpwent(). When the /etc/passwd file is	 updated,  it  may  be
       necessary to call endpwent() to ensure that subsequent getpwent() calls
       will return the new data.

       The user structure, which is returned by	 the  getpwent(),  getpwnam(),
       and  getpwuid()	functions and which is written by the putpwent() func‐
       tion, is defined in the pwd.h file and has the following	 members:  The
       name  of the user.  The encrypted password of the user. If the password
       is not stored in the /etc/passwd file and the  invoker  does  not  have
       access  to  the shadow file that contains them, this field will contain
       an unencryptable string.	 The ID of the user.   The  group  ID  of  the
       principle  group of the user.  The personal information about the user.
       The home directory of the user.	The initial program for the user.

       The  endpwent_r(),  fgetpwent_r()  getpwent_r(),	 getpwnam_r(),	 getp‐
       wuid_r(),  and setpwent_r() functions are the reentrant versions of the
       endpwent(), fgetpwent() getpwent(), getpwnam(), getpwuid(),  and	 setp‐
       went() functions, respectively.

       The  endpwent_r(),  getpwent_r(),  and  setpwent_r()  functions use the
       pw_fp parameter to keep track of the calls to  the  getpwent_r()	 func‐
       tion,  so that subsequent calls will return subsequent password entries
       from the /etc/passwd file. The setpwent_r()  function  must  be	called
       with the address of a valid file pointer (which may be NULL). Upon suc‐
       cessful completion, the result is stored in result.

       The fgetpwent() and fgetpwent_r() functions get a password  file	 entry
       from  the  file	specified  by  the  f  parameter, rather than from the
       /etc/passwd file. This file must have the  format  of  the  /etc/passwd
       file.

       The setpwfile() function sets the new default password file to be file‐
       name instead of /etc/passwd.

       [Tru64 UNIX]  The system searches using NIS if  NIS  is	available  and
       your  /etc/passwd file has NIS type entries (that is, +:, +name, +@net‐
       group, and -@netgroup). The fgetpw* routines do not use NIS. The	 oper‐
       ating  system  provides	the getpwent_local, getpwuid_local, and getpw‐
       nam_local routines to avoid NIS. The getpw*_local routines are  propri‐
       etary and are not in the pwd.h header file.

NOTES
       All  information	 generated by the fgetpwent(), getpwent(), getpwnam(),
       and getpwuid() functions is stored in a static area and will  be	 over‐
       written	on  subsequent calls to these routines. These static areas may
       include private I/O streams or network resources.

       Password file entries that are too long are ignored.

       Note that the pw_fp parameter must be initialized by the user  to  NULL
       before the setpwent_r() function is called for the first time.

RETURN VALUES
       Upon  successful	 completion,  the fgetpwent(), getpwent(), getpwnam(),
       and getpwuid() functions return a pointer to a  valid  password	struc‐
       ture. Otherwise, NULL is returned.

       Upon  successful	 completion,  the  getpwnam_r and getpwuid_r functions
       return a value of 0 (zero). If the user or group is not	found  in  the
       password	 or group database, these routines return 0 for the status and
       a NULL in the returned "result" pointer.

       Upon successful completion, the fgetpwent_r()  and  getpwent_r()	 func‐
       tions  (as  well as the obsolete versions of the getpwnam_r() and getp‐
       wuid_r() functions, return a value of 0 (zero). Otherwise, they	return
       a value of -1 and set errno to indicate the error.

ERRORS
       If  any of the following conditions occurs, the getpwnam_r(), and getp‐
       wuid_r() functions set errno to the corresponding value: The amount  of
       storage specified by buffer and len is too small to contain the data to
       be referenced by the resulting struct passwd structure.

FILES
SEE ALSO
       Functions: getgrent(3), sia_getpasswd(3)

       Standards: standards(5)

								   getpwent(3)
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