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GENCAT(1P)		   POSIX Programmer's Manual		    GENCAT(1P)

PROLOG
       This  manual  page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.  The Linux
       implementation of this interface may differ (consult the	 corresponding
       Linux  manual page for details of Linux behavior), or the interface may
       not be implemented on Linux.

NAME
       gencat — generate a formatted message catalog

SYNOPSIS
       gencat catfile msgfile...

DESCRIPTION
       The gencat utility shall merge the message  text	 source	 file  msgfile
       into  a	formatted  message catalog catfile.  The file catfile shall be
       created if it does not already exist. If catfile does exist,  its  mes‐
       sages shall be included in the new catfile.  If set and message numbers
       collide, the new message text defined in msgfile shall replace the  old
       message text currently contained in catfile.

OPTIONS
       None.

OPERANDS
       The following operands shall be supported:

       catfile	 A pathname of the formatted message catalog. If '−' is speci‐
		 fied, standard output shall be used. The format of  the  mes‐
		 sage catalog produced is unspecified.

       msgfile	 A pathname of a message text source file. If '−' is specified
		 for an instance of msgfile, standard input shall be used. The
		 format	 of  message  text  source  files  is  defined	in the
		 EXTENDED DESCRIPTION section.

STDIN
       The standard input shall not be used unless a msgfile operand is speci‐
       fied as '−'.

INPUT FILES
       The input files shall be text files.

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
       The  following environment variables shall affect the execution of gen‐
       cat:

       LANG	 Provide a default value for  the  internationalization	 vari‐
		 ables	that are unset or null. (See the Base Definitions vol‐
		 ume of POSIX.1‐2008, Section 8.2, Internationalization	 Vari‐
		 ables	for  the  precedence of internationalization variables
		 used to determine the values of locale categories.)

       LC_ALL	 If set to a non-empty string value, override  the  values  of
		 all the other internationalization variables.

       LC_CTYPE	 Determine  the	 locale for the interpretation of sequences of
		 bytes of text data as characters (for example, single-byte as
		 opposed  to  multi-byte  characters  in  arguments  and input
		 files).

       LC_MESSAGES
		 Determine the locale that should be used to affect the format
		 and  contents	of  diagnostic	messages  written  to standard
		 error.

       NLSPATH	 Determine the location of message catalogs for the processing
		 of LC_MESSAGES.

ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS
       Default.

STDOUT
       The  standard  output  shall  not be used unless the catfile operand is
       specified as '−'.

STDERR
       The standard error shall be used only for diagnostic messages.

OUTPUT FILES
       None.

EXTENDED DESCRIPTION
       The content of a message text file shall be in the  format  defined  as
       follows.	 Note  that the fields of a message text source line are sepa‐
       rated by a single <blank> character. Any other <blank>  characters  are
       considered to be part of the subsequent field.

       $set n comment
		 This  line specifies the set identifier of the following mes‐
		 sages until the next  $set  or	 end-of-file  appears.	The  n
		 denotes  the  set identifier, which is defined as a number in
		 the range [1, {NL_SETMAX}] (see the <limits.h> header defined
		 in the Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2008). The applica‐
		 tion shall ensure  that  set  identifiers  are	 presented  in
		 ascending  order within a single source file, but need not be
		 contiguous. Any string following the set identifier shall  be
		 treated  as a comment. If no $set directive is specified in a
		 message text source file, all messages shall be located in an
		 implementation-defined	 default  message set NL_SETD (see the
		 <nl_types.h> header defined in the Base Definitions volume of
		 POSIX.1‐2008).

       $delset n comment
		 This line deletes message set n from an existing message cat‐
		 alog. The n denotes the set  number  [1,  {NL_SETMAX}].   Any
		 string	 following  the	 set number shall be treated as a com‐
		 ment.

       $ comment A line beginning with '$' followed  by	 a  <blank>  shall  be
		 treated as a comment.

       m message-text
		 The  m	 denotes the message identifier, which is defined as a
		 number in the range  [1,  {NL_MSGMAX}]	 (see  the  <limits.h>
		 header). The message-text shall be stored in the message cat‐
		 alog with the set  identifier	specified  by  the  last  $set
		 directive,  and  with	message identifier m.  If the message-
		 text is empty, and a <blank> field separator is  present,  an
		 empty	string	shall  be  stored in the message catalog. If a
		 message source line has a message number, but neither a field
		 separator  nor	 message-text,	the existing message with that
		 number (if any) shall be deleted from the catalog. The appli‐
		 cation shall ensure that message identifiers are in ascending
		 order within a single set, but need not  be  contiguous.  The
		 application  shall  ensure that the length of message-text is
		 in the range [0, {NL_TEXTMAX}] (see the <limits.h> header).

       $quote n	 This line specifies an optional quote character c, which  can
		 be  used  to  surround	 message-text so that trailing <space>
		 characters or null (empty) messages are visible in a  message
		 source	 line.	By default, or if an empty $quote directive is
		 supplied, no quoting of message-text shall be recognized.

       Empty lines in a message text source file shall be ignored. The effects
       of lines starting with any character other than those defined above are
       implementation-defined.

       Text strings can contain the special characters	and  escape  sequences
       defined in the following table:

		       ┌──────────────────┬────────┬──────────┐
		       │   Description	  │ Symbol │ Sequence │
		       ├──────────────────┼────────┼──────────┤
		       │<newline>	  │ NL(LF) │ \n	      │
		       │Horizontal-tab	  │ HT	   │ \t	      │
		       │<vertical-tab>	  │ VT	   │ \v	      │
		       │<backspace>	  │ BS	   │ \b	      │
		       │<carriage-return> │ CR	   │ \r	      │
		       │<form-feed>	  │ FF	   │ \f	      │
		       │Backslash	  │ \	   │ \\	      │
		       │Bit pattern	  │ ddd	   │ \ddd     │
		       └──────────────────┴────────┴──────────┘
       The  escape  sequence  "\ddd"  consists of <backslash> followed by one,
       two, or three octal digits, which shall be taken to specify  the	 value
       of  the	desired character. If the character following a <backslash> is
       not one of those specified, the <backslash> shall be ignored.

       A <backslash> followed by a <newline> is also used to continue a string
       on  the following line. Thus, the following two lines describe a single
       message string:

	   1 This line continues \
	   to the next line

       which shall be equivalent to:

	   1 This line continues to the next line

EXIT STATUS
       The following exit values shall be returned:

	0    Successful completion.

       >0    An error occurred.

CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS
       Default.

       The following sections are informative.

APPLICATION USAGE
       Message catalogs produced by gencat are binary  encoded,	 meaning  that
       their  portability  cannot  be  guaranteed  between  different types of
       machine. Thus, just as C programs need to be recompiled for  each  type
       of machine, so message catalogs must be recreated via gencat.

EXAMPLES
       None.

RATIONALE
       None.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS
       None.

SEE ALSO
       iconv

       The  Base  Definitions  volume  of POSIX.1‐2008, Chapter 8, Environment
       Variables, <limits.h>, <nl_types.h>

COPYRIGHT
       Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in  electronic  form
       from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2013 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
       -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX),	The  Open  Group  Base
       Specifications Issue 7, Copyright (C) 2013 by the Institute of Electri‐
       cal and Electronics Engineers,  Inc  and	 The  Open  Group.   (This  is
       POSIX.1-2008  with  the	2013  Technical Corrigendum 1 applied.) In the
       event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
       The  Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
       is the referee document. The original Standard can be  obtained	online
       at http://www.unix.org/online.html .

       Any  typographical  or  formatting  errors that appear in this page are
       most likely to have been introduced during the conversion of the source
       files  to  man page format. To report such errors, see https://www.ker‐
       nel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html .

IEEE/The Open Group		     2013			    GENCAT(1P)
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