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ftp(1)				 User Commands				ftp(1)

NAME
       ftp - file transfer program

SYNOPSIS
       ftp [-adfginpstvx] [-m GSS Mech] [-T timeout]
	    [hostname [port]]

DESCRIPTION
       The  ftp	 command  is  the user interface to the Internet standard File
       Transfer Protocol (FTP). ftp transfers files to and from a remote  net‐
       work site.

       The  host  and  optional	 port  with which ftp is to communicate can be
       specified on the	 command  line.	 If  this  is  done,  ftp  immediately
       attempts	 to establish a connection to an FTP server on that host. Oth‐
       erwise, ftp enters its command interpreter and awaits instructions from
       the  user. When ftp is awaiting commands from the user, it displays the
       prompt ftp>.

OPTIONS
       The following options can be specified at the command line, or  to  the
       command interpreter:

       -a	     Uses  GSSAPI  authentication  only. If the authentication
		     fails, this option closes the connection.

       -d	     Enables debugging.

       -f	     Forwards local security credentials to the remote server.

       -g	     Disables filename "globbing".

       -i	     Turns off	interactive  prompting	during	multiple  file
		     transfers.

       -m	     Specifies the GSS-API mechanism to use. The default is to
		     use the kerberos_v5 mechanism. Supported alternatives are
		     defined in /etc/gss/mech (see mech(4)).

       -n	     Does not attempt "auto-login" upon initial connection. If
		     auto-login is not disabled, ftp checks the .netrc file in
		     the  user's  home	directory  for	an entry describing an
		     account on the remote machine. If no  entry  exists,  ftp
		     prompts  for  the login name of the account on the remote
		     machine (the default is  the  login  name	on  the	 local
		     machine),	and,  if necessary, prompts for a password and
		     an account with which to login.

       -p	     Enables passive mode for data transfers. This command  is
		     useful  when  connecting  to  a remote host from behind a
		     connection filtering firewall.

       -s	     Skips the SYST command that is sent  by  default  to  all
		     remote  servers  upon  connection.	 The system command is
		     what enables the automatic use of binary mode rather than
		     the protocol default ascii mode.

		     As some older servers cannot handle the ftp command, this
		     directive is provided  to	allow  inter-operability  with
		     these servers.

       -t	     Enables packet tracing (unimplemented).

       -T timeout    Enables  global  connection  timer,  specified in seconds
		     (decimal). There is a timer for  the  control  connection
		     that  is  reset  when  anything is sent to the server and
		     disabled while the client is prompting  for  user	input.
		     Another  independent timer is used to monitor incoming or
		     outgoing data connections.

       -v	     Shows all responses from the remote server,  as  well  as
		     report  on data transfer statistics. This is turned on by
		     default if ftp is running interactively  with  its	 input
		     coming from the user's terminal.

       -x	     Attempts to use GSSAPI for authentication and encryption.
		     Data and Command channel protection is set to "private".

       The following commands can be specified to the command interpreter:

       !

	   [ command ] Runs command as a shell command on the  local  machine.
	   If no command is given, invokes an interactive shell.

       $ macro-name [ args ]

	   Executes the macro macro-name that was defined with the macdef com‐
	   mand. Arguments are passed to the macro unglobbed.

       account [ passwd ]

	   Supplies a supplemental password required by a  remote  system  for
	   access  to  resources once a login has been successfully completed.
	   If no argument is included, the user is  prompted  for  an  account
	   password in a non-echoing input mode.

       append local-file [ remote-file ]

	   Appends  a  local  file to a file on the remote machine. If remote-
	   file is not specified, the local file  name	is  used,  subject  to
	   alteration  by  any ntrans or nmap settings. File transfer uses the
	   current settings for "representation type", "file  structure",  and
	   "transfer mode".

       ascii

	   Sets	 the  "representation  type"  to  "network ASCII". This is the
	   default type.

       bell

	   Sounds a bell after each file transfer command is completed.

       binary

	   Sets the "representation type" to "image".

       bye

	   Terminates the FTP session with the remote server and exit ftp.  An
	   EOF also terminates the session and exit.

       case

	   Toggles  remote  computer  file  name case mapping during mget com‐
	   mands. When case is on (default is off), remote computer file names
	   with	 all  letters in upper case are written in the local directory
	   with the letters mapped to lower case.

       cd remote-directory

	   Changes the working directory on  the  remote  machine  to  remote-
	   directory.

       cdup

	   Changes  the	 remote machine working directory to the parent of the
	   current remote machine working directory.

       clear

	   Sets the protection level on data transfers to "clear". If no  ADAT
	   command succeeded, then this is the default protection level.

       close

	   Terminates  the  FTP	 session with the remote server, and return to
	   the command interpreter. Any defined macros are erased.

       cr

	   Toggles  RETURN  stripping  during  "network	  ASCII"   type	  file
	   retrieval. Records are denoted by a RETURN/LINEFEED sequence during
	   "network ASCII" type file transfer. When cr is  on  (the  default),
	   RETURN  characters  are stripped from this sequence to conform with
	   the UNIX system single LINEFEED record delimiter. Records  on  non-
	   UNIX-system	remote	hosts  can contain single LINEFEED characters;
	   when an "network ASCII" type transfer is made, these LINEFEED char‐
	   acters can be distinguished from a record delimiter only when cr is
	   off.

       delete remote-file

	   Deletes the file remote-file on the remote machine.

       debug

	   Toggles debugging mode. When debugging is on, ftp prints each  com‐
	   mand sent to the remote machine, preceded by the string ->.

       dir [ remote-directory [ local-file ]]

	   Prints  a  listing  of  the	directory  contents  in the directory,
	   remote-directory, and, optionally, placing  the  output  in	local-
	   file.  If  no directory is specified, the current working directory
	   on the remote machine is used. If no local file  is	specified,  or
	   local-file is −, output is sent to the terminal.

       disconnect

	   A synonym for close.

       form [ format-name ]

	   Sets	 the  carriage	control	 format subtype of the "representation
	   type" to format-name. The  only  valid  format-name	is  non-print,
	   which corresponds to the default "non-print" subtype.

       get remote-file [ local-file ]

	   Retrieves the remote-file and store it on the local machine. If the
	   local file name is not specified, it is given the same name it  has
	   on  the  remote machine, subject to alteration by the current case,
	   ntrans, and nmap settings. The current settings for "representation
	   type",  "file structure", and "transfer mode" are used while trans‐
	   ferring the file.

       glob

	   Toggles filename expansion, or "globbing", for  mdelete,  mget  and
	   mput. If globbing is turned off, filenames are taken literally.

	   Globbing  for  mput is done as in sh(1). For mdelete and mget, each
	   remote file name is expanded separately on the remote machine,  and
	   the lists are not merged.

	   Expansion  of  a directory name is likely to be radically different
	   from expansion of the name of an ordinary file:  the	 exact	result
	   depends  on	the remote operating system and FTP server, and can be
	   previewed with the command, mls remote-files −.

	   mget and mput are not meant to transfer entire  directory  subtrees
	   of  files.  You can do this by transferring a tar(1) archive of the
	   subtree (using a "representation type" of "image"  as  set  by  the
	   binary command).

       hash

	   Toggles hash-sign (#) printing for each data block transferred. The
	   size of a data block is 8192 bytes.

       help [ command ]

	   Prints an informative message about the meaning of command.	If  no
	   argument is given, ftp prints a list of the known commands.

       lcd [ directory ]

	   Changes the working directory on the local machine. If no directory
	   is specified, the user's home directory is used.

       ls [ -al | remote-directory [ local-file ]]

	   By default, prints an abbreviated listing  of  the  contents	 of  a
	   directory  on  the  remote  machine.	 This  default behavior can be
	   changed to make ls a synonym of the dir command. This change can be
	   achieved  by	 setting FTP_LS_SENDS_NLST to 'no' in /etc/default/ftp
	   or in the environment. See ftp(4) for details.

	   The -a option lists all entries, including those that begin with  a
	   dot	(.),  which are normally not listed. The -l option lists files
	   in long format, giving mode, number of links, owner, group, size in
	   bytes,  and time of last modification for each file. If the file is
	   a special file, the size field instead contains the major and minor
	   device  numbers rather than a size. If the file is a symbolic link,
	   the filename is printed followed by "→" and	the  pathname  of  the
	   referenced file.

	   If remote-directory is left unspecified, the current working direc‐
	   tory is used.

	   If no local file is specified, or if local-file is −, the output is
	   sent to the terminal.

       macdef macro-name

	   Defines  a  macro.  Subsequent lines are stored as the macro macro-
	   name. A null line (consecutive NEWLINE  characters  in  a  file  or
	   RETURN  characters  from the terminal) terminates macro input mode.
	   There is a limit of 16 macros and  4096  total  characters  in  all
	   defined macros. Macros remain defined until a close command is exe‐
	   cuted.

	   The macro processor interprets $ and \ as special characters.  A  $
	   followed  by a number (or numbers) is replaced by the corresponding
	   argument on the macro invocation command line. A $ followed by an i
	   signals  that  macro	 processor  that  the executing macro is to be
	   looped. On the first pass, $i is replaced by the first argument  on
	   the	macro  invocation  command  line;  on  the  second pass, it is
	   replaced by the second argument, and so on. A  \  followed  by  any
	   character  is replaced by that character. Use the \ to prevent spe‐
	   cial treatment of the $.

       mdelete remote-files

	   Deletes the remote-files on the remote machine.

       mdir remote-files local-file

	   Like dir, except multiple remote files can be specified. If	inter‐
	   active  prompting  is  on,  ftp prompts the user to verify that the
	   last argument is indeed the target local file  for  receiving  mdir
	   output.

       mget remote-files

	   Expands  the	 remote-files  on  the remote machine and do a get for
	   each file name thus produced. See glob for details on the  filename
	   expansion.  Resulting  file	names are processed according to case,
	   ntrans, and nmap settings. Files are	 transferred  into  the	 local
	   working  directory,	which  can  be changed with lcd directory. New
	   local directories can be created with ! mkdir directory.

       mkdir directory-name

	   Makes a directory on the remote machine.

       mls remote-files local-file

	   Like ls(1), except multiple	remote	files  can  be	specified.  If
	   interactive	prompting  is  on, ftp prompts the user to verify that
	   the last argument is indeed the target local file for receiving mls
	   output.

       mode [ mode-name ]

	   Sets	 the "transfer mode" to mode-name. The only valid mode-name is
	   stream, which corresponds to the default "stream" mode. This imple‐
	   mentation only supports stream, and requires that it be specified.

       mput local-files

	   Expands  wild  cards	 in the list of local files given as arguments
	   and do a put for each file in the  resulting	 list.	See  glob  for
	   details  of	filename expansion. Resulting file names are processed
	   according to ntrans and nmap settings.

       nlist [ -al | remote-directory [ local-file ]]

	   Prints an abbreviated listing of the contents of a directory on the
	   remote  machine,  listing only those files that can be retrieved by
	   the get command, unless the -a or -l option	is  used.  If  remote-
	   directory  is  left	unspecified,  the current working directory is
	   used.

	   The -a option lists all entries, including those that begin with  a
	   dot	(.),  which are normally not listed. The -l option lists files
	   in long format the same way it does when used with the ls command.

       nmap [ inpattern outpattern ]

	   Sets or unsets the filename mapping mechanism. If no arguments  are
	   specified,  the  filename  mapping mechanism is unset. If arguments
	   are specified, remote filenames are mapped during mput commands and
	   put	commands issued without a specified remote target filename. If
	   arguments are specified, local filenames  are  mapped  during  mget
	   commands  and  get commands issued without a specified local target
	   filename.

	   This command is useful when connecting to a non-UNIX-system	remote
	   host	 with different file naming conventions or practices. The map‐
	   ping follows the pattern set by inpattern and outpattern. inpattern
	   is  a  template for incoming filenames (which can have already been
	   processed according to the ntrans and case settings). Variable tem‐
	   plating  is accomplished by including the sequences $1, $2, ..., $9
	   in inpattern. Use \ to prevent this	special	 treatment  of	the  $
	   character. All other characters are treated literally, and are used
	   to determine the nmap inpattern variable values.

	   For example,	 given	inpattern  $1.$2  and  the  remote  file  name
	   mydata.data,	 $1 would have the value mydata, and $2 would have the
	   value data.

	   The	outpattern  determines	the  resulting	mapped	filename.  The
	   sequences  $1, $2, ..., $9 are replaced by any value resulting from
	   the inpattern template. The sequence $0 is replaced by the original
	   filename.  Additionally,  the  sequence  [seq1,seq2] is replaced by
	   seq1 if seq1 is not a null string;  otherwise  it  is  replaced  by
	   seq2.

	   For	example,  the  command	nmap  $1.$2.$3 [$1,$2].[$2,file] would
	   yield  the  output  filename	 myfile.data   for   input   filenames
	   myfile.data and myfile.data.old, myfile.file for the input filename
	   myfile, and myfile.myfile for the  input  filename  .myfile.	 SPACE
	   characters can be included in outpattern, as in the example nmap $1
	   | sed "s/ *$//" > $1. Use the \ character to prevent special treat‐
	   ment of the $, [, ], and ,, characters.

       ntrans [ inchars [ outchars ] ]

	   Sets	 or unsets the filename character translation mechanism. If no
	   arguments are specified, the filename character translation	mecha‐
	   nism	 is  unset.  If	 arguments are specified, characters in remote
	   filenames are translated during  mput  commands  and	 put  commands
	   issued  without  a specified remote target filename, and characters
	   in local filenames are translated during mget commands and get com‐
	   mands issued without a specified local target filename.

	   This	 command is useful when connecting to a non-UNIX-system remote
	   host with different file naming conventions or  practices.  Charac‐
	   ters	 in  a	filename  matching a character in inchars are replaced
	   with the corresponding character in outchars.  If  the  character's
	   position  in	 inchars  is  longer  than the length of outchars, the
	   character is deleted from the file name.

	   Only 16 characters can be translated when using the ntrans  command
	   under  ftp.	Use  case  (described above) if needing to convert the
	   entire alphabet.

       open host [ port ]

	   Establishes a connection to	the  specified	host  FTP  server.  An
	   optional  port  number can be supplied, in which case, ftp attempts
	   to contact an FTP server at that port. If the auto-login option  is
	   on  (default	 setting),  ftp also attempts to automatically log the
	   user in to the FTP server.

       passive

	   Toggles passive mode. When passive  mode  is	 turned	 on,  the  ftp
	   client sends the PASV command requesting that the FTP server open a
	   port for the data connection and return the address of  that	 port.
	   The	remote	server listens on that port and the client connects to
	   it. When passive mode is turned off, the ftp client sends the  PORT
	   command  to	the server specifying an address for the remote server
	   to connect back to. Passive mode is useful when the connections  to
	   the ftp client are controlled, for example, when behind a firewall.
	   When connecting to an IPv6-enabled FTP server, EPSV can be used  in
	   place of PASV and EPRT in place of PORT.

       private

	   Sets	 the  protection  level	 on  data transfers to "private". Data
	   transmissions  are  confidentiality—	 and  integrity—protected   by
	   encryption.	If  no	ADAT command succeeded, then the only possible
	   level is "clear".

       prompt

	   Toggles interactive prompting. Interactive prompting occurs	during
	   multiple  file  transfers to allow the user to selectively retrieve
	   or store files. By default, prompting is turned on. If prompting is
	   turned  off,	 any mget or mput transfers all files, and any mdelete
	   deletes all files.

       protect protection-level

	   Sets the protection level on data  transfers	 to  protection-level.
	   The valid protection levels are "clear" for unprotected data trans‐
	   missions, "safe" for data  transmissions  that  are	integrity-pro‐
	   tected  by cryptographic checksum, and "private" for data transmis‐
	   sions that are confidentiality— and integrity— protected by encryp‐
	   tion. If no ADAT command succeeded, then the only possible level is
	   "clear". If no level is specified, the current  level  is  printed.
	   The default protection level is "clear".

       proxy ftp-command

	   Executes  an	 FTP  command  on a secondary control connection. This
	   command allows simultaneous connection to two  remote  FTP  servers
	   for	transferring  files  between  the two servers. The first proxy
	   command should be an open, to establish the secondary control  con‐
	   nection.  Enter  the command proxy ? to see other FTP commands exe‐
	   cutable on the secondary connection.

	   The following commands behave differently when prefaced  by	proxy:
	   open	 does  not  define  new	 macros during the auto-login process,
	   close does not erase	 existing  macro  definitions,	get  and  mget
	   transfer  files  from the host on the primary control connection to
	   the host on the secondary control connection, and put,  mputd,  and
	   append  transfer  files from the host on the secondary control con‐
	   nection to the host on the primary control connection.

	   Third party file transfers depend upon support of the PASV  command
	   by the server on the secondary control connection.

       put local-file [ remote-file ]

	   Stores  a  local file on the remote machine. If remote-file is left
	   unspecified, the local file name is used after processing according
	   to  any  ntrans  or	nmap  settings in naming the remote file. File
	   transfer uses the current settings for "representation type", "file
	   structure", and "transfer mode".

       pwd

	   Prints  the	name  of  the  current working directory on the remote
	   machine.

       quit

	   A synonym for bye.

       quote arg1 arg2 ...

	   Sends the arguments specified, verbatim, to the remote FTP  server.
	   A single FTP reply code is expected in return. (The remotehelp com‐
	   mand displays a list of valid arguments.)

	   quote should be used only by experienced  users  who	 are  familiar
	   with the FTP protocol.

       recv remote-file [ local-file ]

	    A synonym for get.

       reget remote-file [ local-file ]

	   The	reget  command acts like get, except that if local-file exists
	   and is smaller than remote-file, local-file is  presumed  to	 be  a
	   partially  transferred copy of remote-file and the transfer is con‐
	   tinued from the apparent point of failure. This command  is	useful
	   when transferring large files over networks that are prone to drop‐
	   ping connections.

       remotehelp [ command-name ]

	   Requests help from the remote FTP  server.  If  a  command-name  is
	   specified it is supplied to the server as well.

       rename from to

	   Renames the file from on the remote machine to have the name to.

       reset

	   Clears  reply  queue.  This	command	 re-synchronizes command/reply
	   sequencing with the remote FTP  server.  Resynchronization  can  be
	   necessary  following	 a violation of the FTP protocol by the remote
	   server.

       restart [ marker ]

	   Restarts the immediately following get  or  put  at	the  indicated
	   marker.  On	UNIX systems, marker is usually a byte offset into the
	   file. When followed by an mget, the restart applies	to  the	 first
	   get	performed. Specifying a marker of 0 clears the restart marker.
	   If no argument is specified, the current  restart  status  is  dis‐
	   played.

       rmdir directory-name

	   Deletes a directory on the remote machine.

       runique

	   Toggles storing of files on the local system with unique filenames.
	   If a file already exists with a name	 equal	to  the	 target	 local
	   filename  for  a get or mget command, a .1 is appended to the name.
	   If the resulting name  matches  another  existing  file,  a	.2  is
	   appended to the original name. If this process continues up to .99,
	   an error message is printed, and the transfer does not take	place.
	   The	generated unique filename is reported. runique does not affect
	   local files generated from a shell command. The  default  value  is
	   off.

       safe

	   Sets	 the protection level on data transfers to "safe". Data trans‐
	   missions are integrity-protected by cryptographic checksum.	If  no
	   ADAT command succeeded, then the only possible level is "clear".

       send local-file [ remote-file ]

	   A synonym for put.

       sendport

	   Toggles the use of PORT commands. By default, ftp attempts to use a
	   PORT command when establishing a connection for each data transfer.
	   The	use of PORT commands can prevent delays when performing multi‐
	   ple file transfers. If the PORT command fails, ftp uses the default
	   data port. When the use of PORT commands is disabled, no attempt is
	   made to use PORT commands for each data transfer.  This  is	useful
	   when connected to certain FTP implementations that ignore PORT com‐
	   mands but incorrectly indicate they have been accepted.

       site arg1 [ arg2 ] ...

	   Sends the arguments specified, verbatim, to the remote  FTP	server
	   as a SITE command.

       status

	   Show the current status of ftp.

       struct [ struct-name ]

	   Sets	 the file structure to struct-name. The only valid struct-name
	   is file, which corresponds to the  default  "file"  structure.  The
	   implementation  only	 supports file, and requires that it be speci‐
	   fied.

       sunique

	   Toggles storing of files on remote machine under unique file names.
	   The	remote FTP server must support the STOU command for successful
	   completion. The remote server  reports  the	unique	name.  Default
	   value is off.

       tcpwindow [ size ]

	   Sets	 the TCP window size to be used for data connections. Specify‐
	   ing a size of 0 stops the explicit setting of the TCP  window  size
	   on  data connections. If no argument is specified, the current set‐
	   ting is displayed.

       tenex

	   Sets the "representation type" to that  needed  to  talk  to	 TENEX
	   machines.

       trace

	   Toggles packet tracing (unimplemented).

       type [ type-name ]

	   Sets	 the  "representation type" to type-name. The valid type-names
	   are ascii for "network ASCII", binary or  image  for	 "image",  and
	   tenex  for "local byte size" with a byte size of 8 (used to talk to
	   TENEX machines). If no type	is  specified,	the  current  type  is
	   printed. The default type is "network ASCII".

       user user-name [ password [ account ]]

	   Identify  yourself to the remote FTP server. If the password is not
	   specified and the server requires it, ftp prompts the user  for  it
	   (after disabling local echo). If an account field is not specified,
	   and the FTP server requires it, the user is prompted for it. If  an
	   account  field  is  specified, an account command is relayed to the
	   remote server after the login sequence is completed if  the	remote
	   server  did	not  require  it for logging in. Unless ftp is invoked
	   with "auto-login" disabled, this process is done  automatically  on
	   initial connection to the FTP server.

       verbose

	   Toggles  verbose  mode. In verbose mode, all responses from the FTP
	   server are displayed to the user. In addition, if verbose  mode  is
	   on,	when a file transfer completes, statistics regarding the effi‐
	   ciency of the transfer are reported. By default, verbose mode is on
	   if ftp's commands are coming from a terminal, and off otherwise.

       ? [ command ]

	   A synonym for help.

       Command	arguments  which have embedded spaces can be quoted with quote
       (") marks.

       If any command argument which is not indicated as being optional is not
       specified, ftp prompts for that argument.

ABORTING A FILE TRANSFER
       To  abort  a  file  transfer,  use  the terminal interrupt key. Sending
       transfers is immediately halted.	 Receiving  transfers  are  halted  by
       sending an FTP protocol ABOR command to the remote server, and discard‐
       ing any further data received. The speed at which this is  accomplished
       depends	upon  the  remote server's support for ABOR processing. If the
       remote server does not support the ABOR command, an  ftp>  prompt  does
       not  appear until the remote server has completed sending the requested
       file.

       The terminal interrupt key sequence is ignored when ftp	has  completed
       any  local processing and is awaiting a reply from the remote server. A
       long delay in this mode can result from the ABOR	 processing  described
       above, or from unexpected behavior by the remote server, including vio‐
       lations of the ftp protocol.  If	 the  delay  results  from  unexpected
       remote server behavior, the local ftp program must be killed by hand.

FILE NAMING CONVENTIONS
       Local  files  specified	as  arguments  to  ftp	commands are processed
       according to the following rules.

       1)    If the file name − is specified, the standard input (for reading)
	     or standard output (for writing) is used.

       2)    If	 the  first  character of the file name is |, the remainder of
	     the argument is interpreted as a shell command. ftp then forks  a
	     shell,  using  popen(3C)  with  the  argument supplied, and reads
	     (writes) from the standard output (standard input) of that shell.
	     If the shell command includes SPACE characters, the argument must
	     be quoted; for example "| ls -lt". A particularly useful  example
	     of this mechanism is: "dir | more".

       3)    Failing  the  above  checks,  if  globbing is enabled, local file
	     names are expanded according to the rules used in the sh(1);  see
	     the  glob command. If the ftp command expects a single local file
	     (for example, put), only the  first  filename  generated  by  the
	     globbing operation is used.

       4)    For  mget	commands  and get commands with unspecified local file
	     names, the local filename is the remote filename,	which  can  be
	     altered  by  a case, ntrans, or nmap setting. The resulting file‐
	     name can then be altered if runique is on.

       5)    For mput commands and put commands with unspecified  remote  file
	     names,  the  remote  filename is the local filename, which can be
	     altered by a ntrans or nmap setting. The resulting	 filename  can
	     then be altered by the remote server if sunique is on.

FILE TRANSFER PARAMETERS
       The FTP specification specifies many parameters which can affect a file
       transfer.

       The "representation type" can be	 one  of  "network  ASCII",  "EBCDIC",
       "image",	 or "local byte size" with a specified byte size (for PDP-10's
       and PDP-20's mostly). The "network ASCII" and  "EBCDIC"	types  have  a
       further	subtype	 which specifies whether vertical format control (NEW‐
       LINE characters, form feeds, and so on) are to be passed through ("non-
       print"),	 provided in TELNET format ("TELNET format controls"), or pro‐
       vided in ASA (FORTRAN) ("carriage control (ASA)") format. ftp  supports
       the  "network ASCII" (subtype "non-print" only) and "image" types, plus
       "local byte size" with a byte size of 8 for  communicating  with	 TENEX
       machines.

       The  "file structure" can be one of file (no record structure), record,
       or page. ftp supports only the default value, which is file.

       The "transfer mode" can be one of stream,  block,  or  compressed.  ftp
       supports only the default value, which is stream.

USAGE
       See  largefile(5)  for  the  description	 of  the  behavior of ftp when
       encountering files greater than or equal to 2 Gbyte (2^31 bytes).

       The ftp command is IPv6-enabled. See ip6(7P).

FILES
       ~/.netrc

ATTRIBUTES
       See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:

       ┌─────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────┐
       │      ATTRIBUTE TYPE	     │	    ATTRIBUTE VALUE	   │
       ├─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
       │Availability		     │network/ftp		   │
       ├─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────┤
       │CSI			     │enabled			   │
       └─────────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────┘

SEE ALSO
       ls(1),  rcp(1),	sh(1),	 tar(1),   in.ftpd(1M),	  popen(3C),   ftp(4),
       ftpusers(4), mech(4), netrc(4), attributes(5), largefile(5), ip6(7P)

       Allman,	M.,  Ostermann,	 S., and Metz, C. RFC 2428, FTP Extensions for
       IPv6 and NATs. The Internet Society. September 1998.

       Lunt, S. J. RFC 2228, FTP Security Extensions. Internet Draft. November
       1993.

       Postel,	Jon,  and Joyce Reynolds. RFC 959, File Transfer Protocol (FTP
       ). Network Information Center. October 1985.

       Piscitello, D. RFC 1639, FTP Operation Over Big Address	Records	 (FOO‐
       BAR). Network Working Group. June 1994.

NOTES
       Failure	to  log in can arise from an explicit denial by the remote FTP
       server because the account is listed in /etc/ftpusers. See  in.ftpd(1M)
       and ftpusers(4).

       Correct	execution of many commands depends upon proper behavior by the
       remote server.

       An error in the treatment of carriage returns in the 4.2 BSD code  han‐
       dling  transfers	 with  a  "representation type" of "network ASCII" has
       been corrected. This correction can result in  incorrect	 transfers  of
       binary  files to and from 4.2 BSD servers using a "representation type"
       of "network ASCII". Avoid this problem by using the "image" type.

SunOS 5.11			  6 Jun 2006				ftp(1)
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