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fileevent(n)		     Tcl Built-In Commands		  fileevent(n)

______________________________________________________________________________

NAME
       fileevent  -  Execute  a	 script	 when  a  channel  becomes readable or
       writable

SYNOPSIS
       fileevent channelId readable ?script?

       fileevent channelId writable ?script?
_________________________________________________________________

DESCRIPTION
       This command is used to create file event handlers.  A file event  han‐
       dler  is a binding between a channel and a script, such that the script
       is evaluated whenever the channel becomes readable or  writable.	  File
       event handlers are most commonly used to allow data to be received from
       another process on an event-driven basis, so that the receiver can con‐
       tinue  to  interact with the user while waiting for the data to arrive.
       If an application invokes gets or read on a blocking channel when there
       is  no  input  data  available, the process will block; until the input
       data arrives, it will not be able to service other events, so  it  will
       appear  to  the user to ``freeze up''.  With fileevent, the process can
       tell when data is present and only invoke gets or read when they	 won't
       block.

       The  channelId argument to fileevent refers to an open channel, such as
       the return value from a previous open or socket command.	 If the script
       argument	 is  specified,	 then  fileevent  creates a new event handler:
       script will be evaluated	 whenever  the	channel	 becomes  readable  or
       writable (depending on the second argument to fileevent).  In this case
       fileevent returns an empty string.  The	readable  and  writable	 event
       handlers	 for  a	 file  are independent, and may be created and deleted
       separately.  However, there  may	 be  at	 most  one  readable  and  one
       writable handler for a file at a given time in a given interpreter.  If
       fileevent is called when the specified handler already  exists  in  the
       invoking interpreter, the new script replaces the old one.

       If  the script argument is not specified, fileevent returns the current
       script for channelId, or an empty string if  there  is  none.   If  the
       script  argument is specified as an empty string then the event handler
       is deleted, so that no script will be invoked.  A file event handler is
       also deleted automatically whenever its channel is closed or its inter‐
       preter is deleted.

       A channel is considered to be readable if there is unread  data	avail‐
       able  on	 the  underlying  device.   A channel is also considered to be
       readable if there is unread data in an input buffer, except in the spe‐
       cial  case where the most recent attempt to read from the channel was a
       gets call that could not find a complete	 line  in  the	input  buffer.
       This  feature  allows a file to be read a line at a time in nonblocking
       mode using events.  A channel is also considered to be readable	if  an
       end  of	file  or  error condition is present on the underlying file or
       device.	It is important for script to check for these  conditions  and
       handle  them  appropriately;  for example, if there is no special check
       for end of file, an infinite loop may occur where script reads no data,
       returns, and is immediately invoked again.

       A channel is considered to be writable if at least one byte of data can
       be written to the underlying file or device without blocking, or if  an
       error condition is present on the underlying file or device.

       Event-driven  I/O  works	 best  for channels that have been placed into
       nonblocking mode with the fconfigure command.  In blocking mode, a puts
       command	may block if you give it more data than the underlying file or
       device can accept, and a gets or read command will block if you attempt
       to read more data than is ready;	 no events will be processed while the
       commands block.	In nonblocking mode puts, read, and gets never	block.
       See  the	 documentation	for the individual commands for information on
       how they handle blocking and nonblocking channels.

       The script for a file event is executed at global  level	 (outside  the
       context of any Tcl procedure) in the interpreter in which the fileevent
       command was invoked.  If an error occurs	 while	executing  the	script
       then  the  bgerror mechanism is used to report the error.  In addition,
       the file event handler is deleted if it ever returns an error;  this is
       done in order to prevent infinite loops due to buggy handlers.

CREDITS
       fileevent is based on the addinput command created by Mark Diekhans.

SEE ALSO
       bgerror, fconfigure, gets, puts, read

KEYWORDS
       asynchronous  I/O, blocking, channel, event handler, nonblocking, read‐
       able, script, writable.

Tcl				      7.5			  fileevent(n)
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