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DVIPS(1)							      DVIPS(1)

NAME
       dvips - convert a TeX dvi file to PostScript (PostScript is a trademark
       of Adobe Systems, Inc.)

SYNOPSIS
       dvips [ -c num ] [ -d num ] [ -f ] [ -h file ] [ -m ] [ -n num ]	 [  -o
       file ] [ -p num ] [ -q ] [ -r ] [ -s str	  ] [ -t modename ] [ -C num ]
       [ -D num ] [ -N ] [ -Z ] [ -?  ] file[.dvi]

DESCRIPTION
       dvips is a program that converts a dvi file file[.dvi] produced by  TeX
       and converts it to PostScript, and writes the result to file[.ps].  The
       result requires a small amount of  PostScript  source  to  precede  it,
       before  it  can	be  successfully printed.  By default, that PostScript
       code is prepended to the output.	  If  no  file	is  specified  in  the
       command line, the dvi file is read from the standard input stream.  The
       dvi file may be specified without the .dvi extension.  If the MakeTeXPK
       program	is  installed,	dvips  will  automatically generate fonts that
       don't already exit.

OPTIONS
       The file[.dvi] argument is optional.  Other arguments are:

       -c num Generate num copies.  Default is 1.

       -d num Set the debug flag.  Usually should not be used by normal users.
	      This  will  only	work if dvips has been compiled with the DEBUG
	      option.  See the file debug.h in the sources  to	see  what  the
	      values of num can be.

       -f     Run  as  a  filter.   Read  the dvi file from standard input and
	      write the PostScript to standard output.

       -h name
	      Use file name as an additional header file.

       -m     Sepcify manual feed for printer.

       -n num num pages will be printed out.  Default is 100000.

       -o name
	      The output will be sent to file name.  Default is	 file.ps.   If
	      the  first  character  of	 the file name is an exclamation mark,
	      then the remainder will be used as an argument to	 popen;	 thus,
	      specifying  !lpr as the output file will automatically queue the
	      file.

       -p num The first page printed will be the one numbered num.  Default is
	      1.

       -q     Run  in  quiet mode.  Don't chatter about pages converted, etc.;
	      only report errors to stderr.

       -r     Stack pages in  reverse  order.	Normally,  page	 one  will  be
	      printed first.

       -t modename
	      This  sets  the  mode  to	 modename.   Currently, the only modes
	      allowable are: letter, which selects letter size (image area  of
	      8	 by  10.92 inches on a 8.5 by 11 inch page), a4, which selects
	      a4 size, note, which selects note size (image area  of  7.69  by
	      10.16  inches  centered  on a 8.5 by 11 inch page) paper; legal,
	      which selects legal size	(image	area  of  6.72	by  13	inches
	      centered	on  a  8.5  by	14  inch page) paper; landscape, which
	      rotates a letter size (image area of 8 by 10.92 inches on a  8.5
	      by  11  inch page) document by ninety degrees.  The default mode
	      is letter.

       -C num Create num copies, but collated.	Slower than the -c option, but
	      easier on the humans.

       -D num Set the resolution in dpi (dots per inch) to num.

       -N     Turns  off  structured comments; this might be necessary on some
	      systems that try to interpret the comments in weird ways.

       -Z     Enables the downloading of compressed  fonts.   Useful  at  high
	      resolutions.

       -?     Print out the banner identifying the program.

CONFIG FILE OPTIONS
       The  config  file  can  be used to set many of the options to configure
       dvips for a particular  site.   These  will  probably  be  set  by  the
       installer  so  normal  users can skip this section.  The config file is
       usually called config.ps in the prologue	 directory.   If  the  initial
       character  is  a	 space, an asterisk, a pound sign, or a semicolon, the
       line is ignored.	 If the initial character, for example, is an "o", the
       remainder  of the line is considered to be the default file output name
       (e.g. /dev/lpr).	 The options are:

       D num  Sets the resolution to num dots per inch (dpi).

       m num  num is the memory allocated to fonts in the printer.  Default is
	      900000.

       o name The default output file is set to name.

       t path The  path	 to  search  for  the tfm files is path.  The TEXFONTS
	      environment variable will override this.

       p path The path to search for the  font	files  is  path.   The	TEXPKS
	      environment variable will override this.

       r      Default to reversing the pages.

       q      Run in quiet mode by default.

       f      Run as a filter by default.

       h name Add name as a header file to be downloaded at the beginning.

PostScript Font Support
       Most  users  need not concern themselves with installation instructions
       in this section, but will need  to  read	 this  if  they	 want  to  use
       PostScript   fonts  in  TeX.   This  version  of	 dvips	also  supports
       PostScript fonts.  You need  tfm	 files	for  the  fonts;  the  program
       afm2tfm will create them as follows:

		       afm2tfm Times-Roman.afm Times-Roman.tfm

       and the tfm's should be placed in the same directory as the other tfm's
       (usually /usr/lib/tex/fonts/tfm).  (The most common ones are in the tfm
       directory.)   You  may  also want to add a line to psfonts.map like the
       following:

				     Times-Roman

       to tell the PostScript driver that it has a  PostScript	font  to  play
       with.   (A sample list is in psfonts.map.)  Also, the supplied texps.ps
       file should be placed in the prologue  directory.   To  use  the	 font,
       simply:

	       \font\myfont=Times-Roman % scaled, or at, or whatever.
	       \myfont
	       Hello, I am being typeset in Times-Roman.

       Note that the font name must be specified in the correct case, with the
       correct	hyphens,  both	in  the	 config	  file	 and   in   your   TeX
       document---otherwise  things  won't work.  These fonts can be scaled to
       any size.  Go wild!

       Note that even though the PostScript fonts are built into the  printer,
       using  them  takes  up VM and takes time.  You may find downloading the
       computer modern fonts to be faster than using the  built-in  PostScript
       fonts!

       So,  if	you  start running out of memory for your Linotronic jobs, you
       might consider using PostScript fonts.  Some  people  even  think  they
       look better.

       Note:  Helvetica-Narrow style fonts won't work---these fonts are brain-
       damaged somehow, in that the width entries in the `Metrics'  dictionary
       are scaled wrong.

\special OPTIONS
       This  dvi driver allows the inclusion of PostScript to be inserted in a
       TeX file via TeX's  \special  command.	The  format  of	 the  \special
       command is as follows:

	  \special{psfile="filename"}
	  \special{psfile="filename"[ key=value]*}

       The  first  form will download the PostScript file called filename such
       that the current point will be the origin of the PostScript co-ordinate
       system.	 The second form is a generalization of the first in which you
       are allowed to specify transformations on the PostScript	 in  the  file
       filename.   After the filename, you are allowed to enter, in any order,
       key=value pairs separated by spaces.  The possible keys are:

       psfile		   The PostScript file to include
       hoffset		   The horizontal offset
       voffset		   The vertical offset
       hsize		   The horizontal clipping size
       vsize		   The vertical clipping size
       hscale		   The horizontal scaling factor
       vscale		   The vertical scaling factor
       angle		   The rotation

       The hoffset, voffset, hsize, and vsize are given	 in  PostScript	 units
       (1/72  of an inch).  The hscale and vscale are given in non-dimensioned
       percentage  units,  and	the  rotate  value  is	specified  in  degrees
       counterclockwise.  Thus

	       \special{psfile=foo.ps hoffset=72 hscale=90 vscale=90}

       will  shift  the graphics produced by file foo.ps right by 1", and will
       draw it at 0.9 normal size.  Hsize and vsize are given relative to  the
       (0,0)  point  of	 the drawing and are unaffected by offsets and scales.
       Offsets are given relative to the point of the  \special	 command,  and
       are unaffected by scales.

       If  the	file contains Encapsulated Post Script (EPS) commands, then it
       is possible to use a simpler \special command that  will	 automatically
       reserve the required space.

       To use, simply

	       \input epsf
	       \espffile{filename.ps}

       A  vbox of the appropriate size for the bounding box will be built.  By
       default, the graphic will have its `natural' width.  If you wish to set
       the graphic at a different width, simply set the dimension `\epsfxsize'
       to something else, such as `\hsize', and all will be well.   This  vbox
       can be centered with \centerline, or treated as any other vbox.

       If  the	bounding box is not found, a bounding box of `72 0 540 324' is
       assumed.	 If the PostScript file to be included	is  not	 EPSF,	it  is
       recommended that the psfile special be used instead.

       Literal	specials  include  text in the TeX document literally into the
       output PostScript file, and  are	 intended  for	those  whose  favorite
       graphics language is raw PostScript.

				  \special{" text}

       includes	 text  literally  in  the  output  PostScript  document, after
       positioning correctly, opening the special library,  and	 reverting  to
       the  PostScript	convention of 72 units=1in.  By positioning correctly,
       what is meant is that the origin is  translated	to  the	 current  page
       position.

				  \special{! text}

       includes	 text  literally  in  the prologue, putting definitions in the
       special library; good for definitions you intend to use with the	 above
       Note  that  such	 specials  will	 always	 be  included in the prologue,
       independent of which pages are selected to  print  or  what  page  such
       specials	 might	be found on.  This allows correct printing of selected
       pages, even when literal PostScript definitions are used.

       The \special{landscape} command may be used to set the  whole  document
       in  landscape  mode.   For this to work correctly, this command must be
       early enough in the document.  Also see the -M option.

       The \special{header= filename} command may be used to add filename as a
       header  file  (i.e  a  file that will be downloaded before the start of
       processing).  This is usually used for Macintosh	 header	 files.	  Also
       see the -h option.

FILES
       These are usually system dependent, but look at:

       the prologue dir		     /usr/lib/tex/ps
       the tfm dir		     /usr/lib/tex/fonts/tfm
       the font dir		     /usr/lib/tex/fonts/pk

SEE ALSO
       mf(1), tex(1), lpr(1)

BUGS
       Rejects any file with the string "IBM" in it.  This is considered to be
       a feature by some.

AUTHOR
       Tomas Rokicki <rokicki@polya.stanford.edu>

				 16 July 1987			      DVIPS(1)
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